पुस्तकालय प्रगति ( जनवरी-जून 2011 ) Pustakalaya Pragati Jan-June 2011 by Delhi Public Library

ifCyd ykb yh

tuojh & twu 2011

cjsz h

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o"kZ 2 vad 4

iqLrdky; izxfr fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh dh v¼Z okf"kZd if=kdk

czsy fo'ks"kkad

czsy fyfi

iqLrdky; izxfr&fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh dh v¼Z okf"kZd if=kdk fo"k; lwph

i`"B

1- lans'k & vè;{kk] fnYyh ykbczsjh cksMZ

2- lans'k & egkfuns'kd

3- laiknd dh dye ls

4- fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh & czsy foHkkx

5- n`f"Vghu txr dk izdk'knkrk & ljLorh ukSfV;ky

6- czsy izfr;ksfxrk

laj{kd Mk- vatuk pV~Vksikè;k; egkfuns'kd laiknd Jh ch-,y-ehuk iqLrdky; ,oa lwpuk vf/dkjh nwjHkk"k & 23958747 laikndh; ,oa iz'kklfud lg;ksx Jherh lq/k lDlsuk fganh vf/dkjh Jh vfuy dqekj fganh vuqoknd

fnYyh esVªks & vadqj /kek

ikfjokfjd mPp Lrj ds fy, efgykvksa dk dk;Zjr gksuk vko';d gS & foHkka'kq 'ks[kj

III LokLF; lq/kj (dfork) ';ke fd'kksj izlkn

IV cqtqxZ gekjs vkn'kZ & izdk'k pkS/jh

V ge (dfork) & jfo dgkj

7- iqjLÑr izfrHkkfx;ksa dh lwph & ljLorh ukSfV;ky

8- Louis Braille: A Profile By S. Rajagopalan

9- jktHkk"kk xfrfof/;k¡ & vfuy dqekj

10- f'keyk esa ,d fnu & lq/k lDlsuk

11- fn-i-yk- ds vU; vk;kstu & 1) dsanzh; iqLrdky;

fo'ks"k lg;ksx Jh vkj ds ehuk lgk;d iqLrdky; ,oa lwpuk vf/dkjh i=k O;ogkj dk irk laiknd] iqLrdky; izxfr fganh d{k] fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh] ,l-ih- eq[kthZ ekxZ fnYyh&110006 bZ esy dpl.hindicell@gmail.com eqnzd % fock izsl izk- fy-] ubZ fnYyh

& okf"kZd izfr;ksfxrk,a & bySDVªksfud ;qx esa iqLrd ,oa dkihjkbV vf/fu;e ds le{k pqukSrh & ds-,l-jktw

2) ujsyk mi'kk[kk % isafVax izfr;ksfxrk

& fgUnh d{k dk ;ksxnku & lqèkk lDlsuk 12- ujsyk esa jaxksa dk esyk & mfeZyk jkSrsyk

13- lPpk lq[k gekjs vanj clk gS & vkse izdk'k 'kekZ

14- HkkoHkhuh fonkbZ@J¼katfy

15- vkidh ikrh ,oa lq>ko

dsoy fu%'kqYd forj.k ds fy, if=kdk esa izdkf'kr ys[kksa esa O;Dr fopkj vkSj n`f"Vdks.k lacaf/r ys[kd ds gSa] mlesa ykbczsjh ;k laiknd eaMy dk lger gksuk vko';d ugha gS vkSj u gh os mlds fy, ftEesn kj gSA

lans'k

orZeku esa cnyrs lkekftd ifjos'k esa ekufld ,oa 'kkjhfjd :i ls fodykax O;fDr;ksa ds fy, thou thuk nqyZHk gSA n`f"Vghu O;fDr;ksa dks tkx:d djus ,oa mudh dfBukb;ksa dks lqxe cukus ds fy, fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh us o"kZ 1963 esa cszy iqLrdky; dh 'kq#vkr dh ftlds ekè;e ls n`f"Vghu O;fDr viuh :fp dh iBu lkexzh ?kj cSBs fu%'kqYd izkIr dj ldrs gSaA bu czsy iqLrdksa ds }kjk us=kghu ikBdksa ds Kku dks vlhe Å¡pkb;ksa rd ys tkus ds fy, bl ykbczsjh us vxz.kh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA viuh bl lksp ,oa n`f"Vdks.k dks foLrkj nsus rFkk n`f"Vghu ikBdksa dh vkarfjd dYiuk 'kfDr dks mHkkjus ds fy, ykbczsjh izfr o"kZ fucaèk] rRdky Hkk"k.k] okn&fookn] lqxe laxhr] ok| laxhr] 'kkL=kh; laxhr vkfn vusd izfr;ksfxrkvksa dk vk;kstu djrh gSA ykbczsjh dh x`g if=kdk dk ;g vad czsy fo'ks"kkad ds :i esa izdkf'kr djus dk ewy mís'; lHkh lqfèk ikBdksa dks czsy iqLrdky; ,oa mldh fofoèk xfrfofèk;ksa dh tkudkjh iznku djuk gSA ykbczsjh ds izpkj&izlkj ds mís'; dks ysdj izkjaHk dh xbZ ;g if=kdk ykbcszjh ds fofHkUu i{kksa ls tqM+h fofoèk lkexzh vki rd igq¡pkus vkSj lkekU; yhd ls gVdj ikBdksa dh dykRed ,oa jpukRed 'kfDr dks ,d u;k vk;ke nsus dk iz;kl dj jgh gSA bl lc ds ihNs gekjk eq[; iz;kstu dsoy bruk gS fd ge lHkh ikBdksa dks iqLrdky; ls tksM+dj j[ksa ftlls viuh Hkk"kk] viuh laLÑfr ds izfr mudk :>ku cuk jgsaA ykbczsjh }kjk vkèkqfudrk ds bl nkSj esa iqLrd ,oa dkih jkbV vfèkfu;e ij odZ'kki djokuk ,oa xzkeh.k cPpksa ds fy, isafVax izfr;ksfxrk dk vk;kstu dqN ,slh xfrfofèk;k¡ gSa ftuds egRo dks udkjk ugha tk ldrkA eq>s vR;ar izlUurk gS fd ykbczsjh esa jktHkk"kk ds izpkj&izlkj vkSj mlds iz;ksx dks izHkko'kkyh :i ls fuokZg djuk lc deZpkfj;ksa ds vFkd iz;klksa ds dkj.k gh laHko gks ik;k gSA vk'kk gS ge lc feydj ,d Vhe ds :i esa vius y{; dh vksj vkxs c<+s vkSj uohure Åapkb;ksa dks Nq,aA if=kdk ds liQy izdk'ku ds fy, 'kqHkdkeuk,¡

f'k{kk izlkj dk lh/kk laca/k iqLrdksa ls gSa rFkk iqLrdksa dk iqLrdky; lsA

'kSytk panz vè;{kk] fn-yk-cksMZ

lans'k

fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh us n`f"Vghu O;fDr;ksa ds fy, i<+us dh lkexzh tqVkus ,oa muesa le; ds vuq:i vkxs c<+us dh yyd dks iw.kZ djus rFkk mUgsa viMsV j[kus ds fy, czsy iqLrdky; dh ladYiuk dks 1963 esa lkdkj :i iznku fd;k ftldh n`f"Vghu ikBdksa }kjk dkiQh ljkguk dh xbZA bl ykbczsjh us fnYyh ds n`f"Vghu O;fDr;ksa esa viuh ,d vyx igpku cukbZA cszy iqLrdky; n`f"Vghu ikBdksa ds fy, iqLrdsa iznku djus ds vykok fganh] vaxzsth] laLÑr dh fizafVaM iqLrdksa dks czsy fyfi esa VªkaLØkbCM Hkh djrk gS tks vius vki esa vuwBh lsok gSA czsy iqLrdky; n`f"Vghu O;fDr;ksa dh vkarfjd vfHk:fp dks mtkxj dj mUgsa eap iznku djus ds fy, czsy izfr;ksfxrk,a Hkh vk;ksftr djrk gSA bl vad esa czsy izfrHkkfx;ksa ds loZJs"B ys[kksa dks laxzfgr dj czsy fo'ks"kkad ds :i esa izdkf'kr fd;k x;k gS rkfd mudh izfrHkk ,oa dYiuk 'kfDr ls lcdks :c: djk;k tk ldsA ykbczsjh us bl o"kZ izfr;ksfxrk ds fuea=k.k i=k dks cszsy fyfi esa fizaV djkdj vius ikBdksa dks ;g lans'k igq¡pkus dk Hkh iz;kl fd;k gS fd ge mUgsa ubZ lsok,a iznku djus ds fy, lnSo rRij gSaA ;g vad vius vki esa bl ek;us esa Hkh egRo j[krk gS fd if=kdk ds izdk'ku ds bl vYi liQj esa bl if=kdk us ikBdksa dks fur ubZ tkudkjh ls ifjfpr djkus dk iz;kl fd;k gSA lkFk gh ikBdksa dks ubZ&ubZ lsokvksa dh tkudkjh nsus dk Hkh iz;Ru fd;k gSA ujsyk ykbczsjh esa xzkeh.k cPpksa dh l`tukRed 'kfDr dks lkFkZd IysViQkeZ nsus ds fy, isafVax izfr;ksfxrk dk vk;kstu vkSj pqfuank isafVXl dks xzhfVax dkMZ ds :i esa izLrqr djuk deZpkfj;ksa ds lg;ksx ds fcuk laHko ughaA ikBdksa ds vykok deZpkfj;ksa ds fy, Hkh ¶bySDVªksfud ;qx esa iqLrd ,oa dkih jkbV vfèkfu;e & ,d pqukSrh¸ ,oa daI;wVj esa fganh ds iz;ksx dh lqfoèkk fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k ftlls vkèkqfudhdj.k ds bl ;qx esa deZpkjh dks viMsV fd;k tk lds rFkk jktHkk"kk fganh ds izpkj ,oa izlkj esa lfØ; :i ls ;ksxnku fn;k tk ldsA 'kqHkdkeukvksa lkfgr Mk- vatuk pV~Vksikè;k; egkfuns'kd nqfu;k esa lcls vPNk lkFkh vkidk viuk n`<+ ladYi gSA

laikndh;

viuh ckr iqLrdky; izxfr ds fiNys vad jk"VªeaMy [ksy fo'ks"kkad dh yksdfiz;rk dks ns[krs gq, if=kdk dk ;g vad czsy fo'ks"kkad ds :i esa vkids lEeq[k izLrqr djrs gq, vikj izlUurk gks jgh gSA ;g egkfuns'kd] fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh dh lkFkZd lksp dk ifj.kke gS fd bl vad esa n`f"Vghu ikBdksa dks iznku dh tkus okyh eq[; lsokvksa dks izeq[krk nh xbZ gSA czsy iqLrdky; }kjk gj lky n`f"Vghu O;fDr;ksa ds fy, fofo/ izfr;ksfxrkvksa ds ekè;e ls muds fopkjksa dks O;Dr djus ds fy, u dsoy eap iznku djrk gS vfirq mudh izfrHkk dks lgt :i ls vfHkO;Dr djus dk ekè;e Hkh curk gSA bl vad esa czsy izfr;ksfxrkvksa ds loZJs"B ys[kksa ds lkFk&lkFk czsy iqLrdky; ds deZpkfj;ksa ds ys[kksa dks lfEefyr fd;k x;k gSA bl vad esa ykbczsjh dh xfrfofèk;ksa&okf"kZd izfr;ksfxrk,a] isafVax izfr;ksfxrk] fofHkUu dk;Z'kkykvksa ,oa jktHkk"kk xfrfofèk;ksa dks Hkh izeq[krk nh xbZ gSA jktHkk"kk fganh dk izpkj&izlkj ge lHkh dh ftEesnkjh gS vkSj nSfud dk;Z esa jktHkk"kk fganh dk iz;ksx dj ge vius bl nkf;Ro dk c[kwch fuokZg djsa rHkh ge ,dtqVrk ls bl iquhr dk;Z esa viuk ;ksxnku ns ik,axsaA eSa leLr vfèkdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa ,oa fganh d{k ds ljkguh; ;ksxnku dk èkU;okn djrk gw¡ ftuds fcuk bl vad ds izdk'ku dh dYiuk djuk laHko ughaA vk'kk gS fd ;g fo'ks"kkad lHkh lqfèk ikBdksa dks ilan vk,xkA gekjk iz;kl gS fd ikBdksa dks ges'kk ubZ tkudkjh nsrs jgsxsaA vkids cgqewY; lq>koksa dh gesa izrh{kk jgsxhA 'kqHkdkeukvksa lkfgr! ch-,y- ehuk laiknd

oks [kqn r; djrs gSa eafty vklekuksa dh] ifjanksa dks ugha nh tkrh rkyhe mM+kuksa dhA

fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh

czsy foHkkx fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh ds czsy foHkkx dh LFkkiuk 1963 esa gqbZA ;g dne fnYyh esa us=kghu O;fDr;ksa ds i<+us ds fy, lkexzh tqVkus vkSj mudks cszy ds izfr mRlkfgr djus ds fy, mBk;k x;kA f'k{kk ea=kky; us Hkh ;g vuqHko fd;k fd fnYyh esa us=kghu O;fDr;ksa ds fy, dksbZ Hkh iqLrdky; ugha gSA vr% ,d izLrko Mk- Mh- vkj- dkfy;k (funs'kd) dh ns[k js[k esa cukdj Mk- j?kqohj flag] ps;jeSu] fnYyh ykbcszjh cksMZ dks Hkstk x;kA bl iqLrdky; dks [kksyus dk mís'; ;g Fkk fd lekt ds us=kghu oxZ ds ikBdksa dks Hkh ykHk feysA bl mís'; dks iwjk djus ds fy;s bl oxZ ds fy, iqLrdksa dk ,d vPNk laxzg pkfg, Fkk] tks us=kghu ikBdksa dh ekax dks iwjk dj ldsA vr% 1966 esa ,d VªkalØkbfcax ;wfuV [kksyk x;kA ;g ;wfuV fganh] vaxzsth] laLÑr o Ldwyksa ds dkslZ dh fizafVM iqLrdksa dks czsy esa fyI;arfjr djrh FkhA czsy iqLrdky; us bl {ks=k esa viuh ,d vPNh igpku cukbZ vkSj us=kghu ikBdksa dks mudh bPNkuqlkj iqLrdsa miyCèk djkus dk Hkjld iz;Ru fd;kA igys czsy iqLrdky; dsUnzh; iqLrdky; ds ,d NksVs ls dejs esa [kksyk x;k] ijUrq fnu izfrfnu iqLrdksa dh la[;k c<+rh xbZA bl dkj.k 1966 esa bls y{eh ckbZ uxj esa ljdkjh vkokl esa LFkkukarfjr dj fn;k x;kA ogka ij Hkh dqN le; ckn deZpkfj;ksa o iqLrdksa dh la[;k c<+us ds dkj.k LFkku dh deh eglwl dh xbZA vr% csszy iqLrdky; dks ekpZ 1979 esa CykbaM fjyhiQ ,lksfl,'ku dh fcfYMax esa fdjk;s ij LFkkukarfjr dj fn;k x;kA cszy iqLrdky; vius ikBdksa dks fuEu lsok,a iznku djrk gS %& iqLrdsa [kjhnuk % czsy foHkkx vius n`f"Vghu ikBdksa ds fy, mudh ekax ds vuqlkj iqLrdsa [kjhnrk gSA ;g iqLrdsa vkWy bafM;k dUiSQMjs'ku vkWiQ n CykbaM] lSDVj&5] jksfg.kh ls o lSUVªy czsy izsl] nsgjknwu o cgknqjx<+ ls [kjhnh tkrh gSaA fganh o vaxzsth esa lHkh izdkj dh iqLrdsa tSls izfl} ys[kdksa ds miU;kl] dgkuh] ys[k] dfork,¡] ukVd] thouh vkfn [kjhnh tkrh gSaA if=kdk,a [kjhnuk % czsy foHkkx vius ikBdksa ds fy, czsy if=kdk,a Hkh [kjhnrk gS] tSls cPpksa ds fy, fganh esa paid] uanu] pankekek] Kkuksn;] Li'kZ lsrq] ftKklk] orZeku] czsyèkkjk] varjiFk vkfnA ;s if=kdk,a ,-vkbZ-lh-ch-] jksfg.kh] lSDVj&5] lSUVªy czsy izsl] nsgjknwu o cgknqjx<+ (gfj;k.kk) ls [kjhnh tkrh gSaA blh rjg vaxzsth esa czsy MkbtsLV] CykabM oSyisQ;j] czsy Øksfudy] n Vp vkfn if=kdk,a Hkh [kjhnh tkrh gSaA okpuky; dh O;oLFkk % cszsy foHkkx esa iqLrdsa o if=kdk,a i<+us dh Hkh lqfoèkk miyCèk gSA

Mkd }kjk lsok % czsy foHkkx vius us=kghu ikBdksa ds fy, Mkd }kjk fu%'kqYd lsok iznku djrk gSA Mkd }kjk 28 fnu ds fy, iqLrdsa b'kq dh tkrh gSaA py iqLrdky; lsok % us=kghu ikBdksa ds fy, py iqLrdky; lsok Hkh iznku dh xbZ gSA blesa fofHkUu Ldwyksa o laLFkkvksa esa tkdj iqLrdsa nh tkrh gSaA ;g lsok le; lkfj.kh ds vuqlkj 20 dsUnzksa ij iznku dh tkrh gSaA lanHkZ lsok (Reference Services) czsy foHkkx vius ikBdksa dks lanHkZ lsok Hkh iznku djrk gS] tSls ikBdksa dks mudh #fp ds vuqlkj iqLrdsa iznku djuk] mudks lekpkj i=k i<+dj lqukuk] muds fdlh Hkh izdkj ds iQkeZ vkfn dks HkjukA bl vuqHkkx esa czsy 'kCndks'k fgUnh o vaxzsth esa miyCèk gS] ftls ikBd foHkkx esa gh CkSBdj ns[k o i<+ ldrs gSaA iqLrd laxzg % czsy foHkkx esa ikBdksa dh ekax ds vuqlkj fofHkUu iqLrdksa dk laxzg miyCèk gSA blesa fgUnh o vaxzsth ds 15701 (Volume) iqLrdsa gS] vkSj yks&fotu okys ikBdksa ds fy, yktZ fiazaV dh vaxzsth dh 457 iqLrdsa miyCèk gSaA tqykbZ ls fnlacj] 2010 ds nkSjku czsy iqLrdky; }kjk iznku dh xbZ lsok,a o"kZ tqykbZ vxLr flracj vDrwcj uoacj fnlacj ¡

fganh iqLrdksa vaxzsth iqLrdksa okpuky;@lanHkZ dqy dk ifjpkyu dk ifjpkyu esa mifLFkfr 408 206 52 666 344 155 20 519 293 168 42 503 248 115 27 390 306 170 36 512 310 184 30 524 czsy iqLrdky; }kjk fnYyh o mlds vkl&ikl ds ikBdksa ds fy, Mkd }kjk czsy iqLrd lsok iznku dh tkrh gS

¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡

vU; laLFkkvksa ls czsy iqLrdsa ,oa if=kdk,a [kjhnukA czsy lkexzh dks izkIr djuk] mldh izkslsflax rFkk esuVsusal djukA yks fotu ikBdksa ds fy, yktZ fiazV dh iqLrdsa miyCèk djkukA n`f"Vghu ikBdksa ds fy, lanHkZ lsok iznku djuk vkSj mudk ekxZ n'kZu djukA ikBdksa ds fy, jhfMax :e lqfoèkk miyCèk djkukA n`f"Vghu ikBdksa ds fy, fofHkUu izfr;ksfxrkvksa dk vk;kstu djukA 25 eksckby lsok dsanzksa ds ekè;e ls rFkk Mkd }kjk ikBdksa dks iqLrdsa ,oa vU; lkexzh miyCèk djkukA n`f"Vghu ikBdksa dks lekpkj i=k i<+dj lqukukA

¡ ¡ ¡ ¡

blds vykok czsy iqLrdky; }kjk Hkfo"; esa ubZ lqfoèkk,¡ izkjaHk djus dk iz;kl fd;k tk jgk gS & baVjusV ,oa bZesy lqfoèkkA vksVksesfVM czsy jhfMax rFkk fizafVax lqfoèkk,¡A iqjkus le; dh VkWfdax iqLrdksa@dSlsVksa ds LFkku ij dkEiSDV fMLd rFkk fMftVy fofM;ks dSlsV lqfoèkkA daI;wVjkbTM czsy VªkaLØhi'ku lqfo/kA

okf"kZd izfr;ksfxrkvksa dk vk;kstu djuk cszy foHkkx vius n`f"Vghu ikBdksa ds fy, okf"kZd izfr;ksfxrkvksa dk vk;kstu Hkh djrk vk;k gSA blls ikBdksa dks czsy ds izfr #fp o iqLrdky; ds fo"k; esa vusd tkudkfj;ka izkIr gksrh gSaA gj o"kZ dh Hkk¡fr bl o"kZ Hkh fnukad 21-02-2011 ls 23-02-2011 rd okf"kZd izfr;ksfxrkvksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k] tSls fuca/ ys[ku] Hkk"k.k] okn&fookn] lqxe laxhr] 'kkL=kh; laxhr o oknu izfr;ksfxrk,aA czsy foHkkx }kjk o"kZ 2010&11 esa n`f"Vghu ikBdksa ds fy, fnukad 21-02-2011 ls 23-02-2011 rd fofHkUu izfr;ksfxrkvksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA 21-02-2011 fucaèk izfr;ksfxrk Js.kh izfrHkkfx;ksa dh la[;k cky 26 ;qok 52 o;Ld 20 dqy 98 21-02-2011 ok| laxhr izfr;ksfxrk Js.kh izfrHkkfx;ksa dh la[;k cky 11 ;qok 14 o;Ld 10 dqy 35 22-02-2011 Hkk"k.k] okn&fookn] dfork izfr;ksfxrk izfr;ksfxrk Js.kh Hkk"k.k cky okn&fookn ;qok dfork (Lojfpr) o;Ld dqy 23-02-2011 lqxe laxhr] fganqLrkuh laxhr izfr;ksfxrk izfr;ksfxrk Js.kh Hktu] xty] yksd laxhr cky 6

izfrHkkxh 16 20 12 48 izfrHkkxh 26

Hktu] xty] yksd laxhr ;qok 27 Hktu] xty] yksd laxhr o;Ld 11 dqy 64 fn-i-yk- }kjk vk;ksftr czsy dh okf"kZd izfr;ksfxrkvksa esa Hkkx ysus okys izfrHkkxhA fiNys o"kZ dh rqyuk esa o"kZ 2010&11 esa izfrHkkfx;ksa dh la[;k esa o`f} gqbZ izfr;ksfxrk 2011 2010 fucaèk izfr;ksfxrk 98 60 ok| laxhr 35 20 Hkk"k.k] okn&fookn dfork ikB 48 28 laxhr 64 33 dqy 245 141 fn-i-yk- }kjk vk;ksftr czsy dh nks o"kks± dh izfr;ksfxrkvksa esa Hkkx ysus okys izfrHkkfx;ksa dk rqyukRed fooj.k 300 245

250 200

141

150 100

60 20

o"kZ 2011 1 Hkk"k.k izfr;ksfxrk

2 ok| laxhr

o"kZ 2010 3 Hkk"k.k] okn fookn] dfork

4 laxhr

4 ;ksx

izfr;ksfxrkvksa ds lekiu ds volj ij fnukad 23-2-2011 dks iqjLdkj forj.k lekjksg laiUu gqvk] blesa eq[; vfrfFk ds :i esa vè;{kk] fn-yk-cks-] CykbaM fjyhiQ ,lksfl,'ku ds lSØsVjh Jh ds-lh- ik.Ms; rFkk laLFkk dh egkfuns'kd Hkh mifLFkr FkhaA CykbaM fjyhiQ ,lksfl,'ku ds lSØsVjh ds dj deyksa }kjk iqjLdkj forfjr fd, x, o ,d&,d ekseSaVksa Hkh izR;sd Ldwy] dkWyst o laLFkk dks HksaV fd;k x;kA leLr vfrfFk;ksa us izfr;ksfxrkvksa dh cgqr ljkguk dhA bl o"kZ dh izfr;ksfxrkvksa esa [kkl ckr ;g jgh fd ;s izfr;ksfxrk,a CykbaM fjyhiQ ,lksfl,'ku ds xk¡èkh gkWy esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA bl dkj.k us=kghu ikBdksa us bu izfr;ksfxrkvksa esa dkiQh c<+&p<+ dj Hkkx fy;k vkSj fiNys o"kZ dh vis{kk bl o"kZ izfrHkkfx;ksa dh la[;k dkiQh vfèkd jghA

ljLorh ukSfV;ky iqLrdky; ,oa lwpuk lgk;d czsy iqLrdky; 7

czsy xfrfof/k;k째 & okf"kZd izfr;ksfxrk,a

czsy iqLrdky; dk voyksdu djrs gq, v/;{kk] fn-yk-cks- ,oa egkfuns'kd] fn-i-yk-

laxhr izfr;ksfxrk

czsy izfr;ksfxrkvksa dk voyksdu djrs gq, v/;{kk] fn-yk-cks8

czsy okf"kZd izfr;ksfxrk,a & iqjLdkj forj.k lekjksg

n`f"Vghu txr dk izdk'knkrk D;k vki tkurs gSa fd n`f"Vghuksa dks ,d ubZ fn'kk nsus okyk o vius thou esa vxzlj gksus esa fdldk gkFk Fkk\ dkSu Fkk og O;fDr\ ftlus ,d ,slh fyfi dk vkfo"dkj fd;k ftlls ,d us=kghu O;fDr Hkyh izdkj i<+ vkSj fy[k ldrk gSA N% fcanqvksa dks ,d fyfi dk :i nsus okys ,d egku O;fDr gq,] ftudk uke yqbZ czsy FkkA Jh yqbZ czsy dk tUe 4 tuojh lu~ 1809 esa izQkal esa isfjl ds ,d NksVs ls dqiczs uked xzke esa gqvk Fkk] muds firk Jh lkbeu fjus czsy dk ?kksMs+ dh dkBh o peM+s ds lkeku cukus dk dkj[kkuk FkkA Jh yqbZ czsy ds cky lqyHk xq.kksa ds dkj.k ,d uqdhyk vkStkj nkfguh vka[k esa yxus ds dkj.k mudh ,d vka[k dh T;ksfr tkrh jghA dqN le; ckn nwljh vka[k esa Hkh laØe.k iSQy x;k vkSj os iw.kZ&:i ls n`f"Vghu gks x,A Jh yqbZ czsy cgqr gh izfrHkk'kkyh o dq'kkxz cqf¼ ds ckyd FksA mUgsa vkRefuHkZj cukus ds fy, ek=k 10 o"kZ dh voLFkk esa Jh yqbZ czsy dks National Institute for Blind Youth in Paris Ldwy esa i<+us ds fy, Hkst fn;k x;kA Ldwy esa mUgksaus viuh dq'kkxz cqf¼ ds dkj.k Nk=ko`fr izkIr dhA mijksÙkQ vaèk fo|ky; dk okrkoj.k LokLF; dh n`f"V ls cgqr gkfudkjd FkkA ml fo|ky; esa dqN iqLrdsa Fkh tks fizaV dh rjg v{kjksa ls mHkkj dj cukbZ xbZ Fkh ftudks i<+uk cgqr gh dfBu FkkA 1821 esa ml fo|ky; esa ,d HkwriwoZ lsuk dk vfèkdkjh pkYl okjfc;j us lSfudksa dks xqIr lans'k nsus ds fy, 12 fcanqvksa dh ,d i¼fr cukbZ FkhA mUgha 12 fcanqvksa ls izsj.kk ysdj Jh yqbZ cszy us ek=k 15 o"kZ dh vk;q esa ,d vkfo"dkj dks tUe fn;k tks vkt czsy ds uke ls tkuh tkrh gSA mUgksaus 6 fcanqvksa dh ,d fyfi cukbZ tks vklkuh ls maxfy;ksa ds iksjksa ls i<+h tk ldrh FkhaA czsy 6 fcanqvksa dh ,d ,slh O;oLFkk gS ftlls lalkj dh lHkh Hkk"kk,a fy[kh o i<+h tkrh gSaA yqbZ czsy us 1829 esa viuh i¼fr dks vkSj vkxs c<+k;k vkSj xzhd] izSaQp] ySfVu ds O;kdj.k rFkk bfrgkl] Hkwxksy] rdZ'kkL=k] xf.kr ds dksM ds la{ksi o ladksp rS;kj fd,A yqbZ czsy ,d iz'kald vkSj izfrHkk'kkyh vè;kid Fks fdarq mudh N% fcanqvksa okyh i¼fr muds thou&dky esa ykxw ugha gqbZA mudh czsy i¼fr dks mudh e`R;q (1852) ds mijkar lu~ 1854 esa iw.kZ :i ls ekU;rk fey xbZA yqbZ czsy dk 200oka tUe fnol iwjs fo'o esa lu~ 2009 esa cgqr èkwe&èkke ls euk;k x;k] ftlesa muds vkfo"dkj o

mudh miyfCèk;ksa dks n'kkZ;k x;kA muds tUe fnol ij csfYt;e o bVyh us yqbZ czsy dk 2 ;wjks dk flDdk fudkyk] vesfjdk us Hkh yqbZ czsy dk ,d Mkyj dk flDdk fudkyk] Hkkjr us yqbZ czsy dk 2 #i;s dk flDdk fudkykA yqbZ csszy ds fo"k; esa fuEu iafDr;ksa dks mn~èk`r fd;k tk ldrk gS & gq, txr esa yksx xq.kh ij mÙke ân; rqEgkjk gS rqeus vkdj bl èkjrh ij n`f"Vghu dks rkjk gSA dSls ueu djsa ge rqedks ,s uo;qx ds nkrk ?kksj frfej dks fd;k nwj vkSj iSQyk;k mft;kjkA var esa ge dg ldrs gSa] cszy fyfi] fyfi ugha vka[kksa dh T;ksfr gS] efLr"d dh psruk rFkk ,d ,slh 'kfÙkQ gS tks èkjrh ij thou jgus rd o mlds ckn Hkh thfor jgsxhA ;g fo'o dh ,dek=k fyfi gS ftlesa lHkh Hkk"kk,a fy[kh o i<+h tkrh gSaA bldk dksbZ fodYi ugha gSA ljLorh ukSfV;ky iqLrdky; ,oa lwpuk lgk;d] czsy foHkkx }kjk izLrqr

vke yksxksa ds ikl vk¡[ksa gksrh gSa( muds ikl n`f"V FkhA dbZ gkFk ges'kk yqbZ czsy dks lyke djasxsa---A

cszy izfr;ksfxrk,a

fnYyh esVªks fucaèk&ys[ku izfr;ksfxrk (Ok;Ld oxZ) izFke iqjLdkj fotsrk ekxZ&ekxZ dks lqxe cukrh nq?kZVukvksa ls gS cpkrh mfpr le; xarO; igq¡pkrh thou dks gS lqyHk cukrh tSlk fd lc tkurs gSa izkphu le; ls ifjogu euq"; thou esa ,d lw=k dh rjg gSA ml ij vkèkqfud le; ij pyrh cl] dkj] jsy vkSj buls Hkh nqzrxfr esa pyrh fnYyh dh esVªksA fnYyh dh xfr ;k rhoz pky gS] gekjh I;kjh esVªks jsyA ;krk;kr ds {ks=k esa esVªks us ,d igpku gkfly dh gSA fnYyh esVªks dh 'kq#vkr 1990 ds n'kd ls gqbZA bldh dYiuk fons'kksa esa pyrh esVªks ds vkèkkj ij laHko gqbZA fnYyh esa bldk fuekZ.k ,d dksfj;k ns'k dh daiuh ds vèkhu gSA bl ;kstuk ds izkjaHk esa blds vè;{k bZ- Jhèkju FksA dksfj;k dh daiuh vkSj Hkkjrh; cksMZ dk ;g Hkh vuqcaèk Fkk fd bl ifj;kstuk dk lkjk iSlk dksfj;k dh daiuh O;; djsxh vkSj tks vk; blds ekè;e ls vkus okys 20 o"kks± rd gksxh ml vk; ij dksfj;k dh daiuh dk vfèkdkj gksxk] vkSj fiQj ;g iw.kZr% Hkkjr ds vFkkZr~ fnYyh ds lqjf{kr gkFkksa esa gksxhA esVªks ds vkus ls ekuks clar vk x;k gks] uxjokfl;ksa ds thou esa cgkj vk xbZ gksA blds pyus ls vusd ykHk gq, gSa] iznw"k.k dh deh] nq?kZVukvksa dh deh] vkokxeu esa rsth] pksjh dh deh o vU; ykHk tks jk"Vª ds fodkl ds fy, vko';d gksrs gSaA orZeku esa bldk foLrkj yxHkx 200 fdyksehVj gS] vkSj vkus okys le; esa gekjk ;g mís'; Hkh gS fd bldks jk"Vªh; {ks=k esa iw.kZr;k iSQykdj yksxksa dks vkSj ljy o lqxe ;k=kk ekxZ ls tksM+k tk ldsA bldk ,d vkSj vfHkUu midkj gS & yksxksa dk blesa fu;ksftr gksuk] blesa yksx dbZ :iksa esa dk;Z dj jgs gSa & Jfed] fuekZ.k dk;Z esa yxs yksx] rduhdh :i esa O;olk; Hkh miyCèk gS] tks fVdV dkVus okys ls ysdj blds lapkyu esa Hkh rduhdh :i ls l{ke ekuo dh vko';drk gSA blds lkFk ;g HkhM+&HkkM+ tSlh leL;kvksa ij vadq'k yxkus esa Hkh liQy jgh gSA ;g Hkwfexr o Åij ds ekxZ ;kfu iqy ij cM+h dq'kyrk ds lkFk pykbZ tk jgh gSA ;g fcYdqy Bhd ckr gS fd gekjs mRFkku o fodkl esa bldk egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku gSA vr% esVªks ojnku gS] vkSj ojnku dHkh vfHk'kki ugha gks ldrk] blfy, ge ;g dg ldrs gSa fd thou pØ gsrq esVªks gksuh gh pkfg,A iznw"k.k ls eqfÙkQ] O;FkZ [kksrs le; dk lekèkku gS] Hkwfexr o Åijh gj ekxZ ij izkoèkku gS] ;k=kh ikrs lqj{kk HkhM+ ls gSa cp jgs] fnYyh i;kZoj.k gsrq esVªks jsy dk ;ksxnku gSA (vadqj èkkek) d{kk 10 CykbaM fjyhiQ ,lksf'k,'ku yky cgknqj 'kkL=kh ekxZ] ubZ fnYyh&110003 12

ikfjokfjd mPp Lrj ds fy, efgykvksa dk dk;Zjr gksuk vko';d gSA okn&fookn izfr;ksfxrk (foi{k) izFke iqjLdkj fotsrk

rZeku vkèkqfud lekt vFkZ izèkku lekt gSA bl lekt esa iSlk gh gekjk lkekftd egRo r; djrk gSA pkgs og dgha ls Hkh o dSls Hkh D;ksa u vk;k gks\ ifjokj bl lekt dh bdkbZ gSA lkekftd egRo dh n`f"V ls ifjokj dk mPpLrjh; gksuk vko';d gSA ;gka eSa ;g Li"V dj nwa fd ikfjokfjd mPp Lrj dk vFkZ gS vkfFkZd le`f¼] ftlds }kjk lkekftd egRo dks c<+kus okys lalkèku tqVk, tkrs gSaA vc iz'u mBrk gS fd ifjokj dh vkfFkZd le`f¼ ds fy, efgykvksa dks dk;Zjr gksuk pkfg, ;k ughaA tc iq#"k ifjokj ds Hkj.k&iks"k.k ds fy, vko';d èku dek ldrs gSa rks D;k vko';drk gS fd efgyk,a dk;Zjr gksa\ iq#"k bruk vFkksZiktZu dj ldrs gSa tks ifjokj dks mPp Lrj iznku dj ldsA lekt dh ekax] tks Hkh gks] ifjokj dh viuh vko';drk,a o ftEesnkfj;k¡gSa] LoLFk vkSj [kq'kgky ifjokj ds fy, ikfjokfjd ,dtqVrk vko';d gSA ikfjokfjd le`f¼ vkSj ikfjokfjd mPp Lrj ds fy, vPNh f'k{kk] vPNs laLdkj vkSj vkfFkZd le`f¼ ikfjokfjd mPpLrj ds eki n.M gSaA ,dtqVrk f'k{kk vkSj laLdkj ds nkf;Roksa dks efgyk,a cgqr igys ls fuHkkrh vk jgh gSaA vc eSa iwNuk pkgrk gwa fd tc efgyk,a igys ls gh viuk dke dj jgh gSa rks fiQj D;ksa efgykvksa dks dk;Z djus ds fy, ckè; fd;k tk jgk gS\ njvly ;g iq#"k izèkku lekt dh ekufldrk dh [kkst gSA ;g iq#"k izèkku lekt mlh dks dke ekurk gS ftlesa dke ds cnys iSls fn;s tk,a] tjk lksfp,] iq#"k rks dsoy èkukftZr djrs gSa ij efgyk,a ?kj dk lkjk dke djrh gSaA efgyk,a iq#"k }kjk vftZr èku dk mfpr fu;kstu dj mls ifjokj dh csgrjh esa yxkrh gSaA irk ugha D;ksa] efgykvksa ds ckgjh dk;Z dks gh vko';d ekuk tk jgk gS\ tcfd tks dke efgyk,a igys ls gh ?kj esa dj jgh gSa mlh dke dks djus ds fy, ;fn ukSdj j[ks tk,a rks irk ugha fdruk èku O;; djuk iM+sxk\ mlesa Hkh ukSdj ls og viukiu ugha feysxk] tks ifjokj esa ifr dks iRuh ls vkSj cPpksa dks ek¡ls feyrk gSA LokHkkfod gS fd efgyk,a dkedkth gksaxh rks ikfjokfjd ftEesnkfj;ksa ds izfr mudk >qdko de gksxkA ,sls ifjokj esa fc[kjko iSnk gksaxsA iq#"k izèkku lekt bldk Bhdjk efgykvksa ds flj gh iQksM+xkA eq>s rks mPp Lrjh; ifjokj ds uke ij efgykvksa dks dk;kZy;ksa vkfn esa dke ds fy, izsfjr djuk efgykvksa ds fo#¼ lqfu;ksftr "kM;a=k yxrk gSA ,slk "kM;a=k ftlesa efgyk,a u fliQZ vius fu;ksDrkvksa dh dqafBr ekufldrk dh f'kdkj curh gSa cfYd 'kks"k.k] vukpkj vkSj ?kjsyw fgalk dh f'kdkj Hkh curh gS] ojuk D;ksa Hkkjr ljdkj dks ,slk dkuwu cukuk iM+ jgk gS] tks fu;ksDrkvksa ds izfr efgykvksa dks l'kfDr iznku djsaxsA gesa iq#"k izèkku lekt dh uh;r dks igpkuuk gksxkA mPp Lrjh; ifjokj dk fuekZ.k gksrk gS vPNh f'k{kk ls] vPNs laLdkj lsA vkfFkZd le`f¼ rks bu lcdk iwjd ek=k gSA vkt ifjokj VwV gh blfy, jgs gSa fd efgyk,a vius nkf;Roksa ls gV dj dkedkth gksus yxh gSaA eSa efgykvksa ij dksbZ vkjksi ugha yxk jgk gwaA eSa rks fliZQ bruk dguk pkgrk gwa fd efgykvksa dks vius nkf;Roksa dk fuokZg djuk pkfg, u fd iq#"kksa dk vuqxeuA dkedkt ls gV dj Hkh mudh Lora=k igpku vkSj vfLrRo laHko gSA var esa eSa ;gh dguk pkgwaxk fd mPpLrjh; ifjokj ds fuekZ.k esa efgyk vkSj iq#"k nksuksa dh vyx&vyx Hkwfedk gS] iq#"k dk dke lkèku tqVkuk gS] vkSj efgyk dk dke] mls fu;ksftr dj ifjokj dks [kq'kgky cukuk gSA ge ifjokj vkSj lekt nksuksa ds fodkl dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, viuh lksp dks cnysa vkSj viuh&viuh Hkwfedkvksa dk fuekZ.k djsaA

(foHkka'kq 'ks[kj) xouZesaV lhfu;j lSdsaMjh Ldwy fdaXtos dSai] lsok dqVhj] fnYyh 13

LokLF; lqèkkj ¼dfork&ikB½ r`rh; iqjLdkj fotsrk ge lc j[k ldrs gSa LoLFk lcy laHkzkar Lo;a dks vuqlj.k djsa ;fn LokLF; uhfr ds fl¼kUrksa dksA LoLFk 'kjhj jgs rks vftZr èku cprk gS o`¼koLFkk rd ;kSou lk ne jgrk gS ru&eu jksx jfgr jgus ij ge lcds yk;d gksrs gSa fdarq jksx ihfM+r jgus ij ukyk;d cu dj jksrs gSa ru esa O;kIr fo"kSys ey gh gksrs gSa jksxksa ds dkj.k >V&iV 'kh?kz bUgsa ckgj dj djsa nsg dk jksx fuokj.k Ropk] iQsiQM+s] xqnsZ] vkarsa fo"k ey dks ckgj djrs gSa] j[k dj LoPN] lcy budks] ge viuk LokLF; liQy djrs gSa bUgha fo"kSys lafpr ey ls okr] fir vkSj diQ curk gS vk;qosZn bUgha rhuksa dks jksxksa dk dkj.k dgrk gS ,sls O;kIr fo"kSys ey gh thok.kqvksa dks 'kg nsrs gSa ;s thok.kq gh ge lc dk thuk nwHkj dj nsrs gSa ,syksiSFkh bu thok.kqvksa dks jksxksa dk dkj.k dgrh gS Ñf=ke vkS"kfèk ds lsou ls] ru ls nwj bUgsa djrh gS bl fo"kkÙkQ ey ds :iksa esa] tc ;g ru foÑr gksrk gS okr] fir] diQ ds :iksa esa jksxkadqj ru esa gksrk gS bUgha fo"kSys ey dks [kkdj] Ñfe thok.kq lc iyrs gSa vius ru dks :X.k cukdj ikpu&ra=k fody djrs gSa vla;fer nwf"kr Hkkstu ls ikpu ra=k fody gksrk gS vip] dfCt;r] laxzg.kh ls iwjk ru nqcZy gksrk gS yk&bykt rc peZ jksx dk bl ru ij 'kklu pyrk gS jDrkEyrk vfèkd c<+us ls fiÙkk'k; nqcZy gksrk gS fiÙk] Jko ds c<+ tkus ls] jksx ihfy;k gks tkrk gS nks"kiw.kZ mipkj&fofèk ls vkdfLed ihM+k c<+rh gS Luk;q&tky foÑr gks djds ukM+h tky nqcZy iM+rh gS

tUe] e`R;q vkSj jksxkoLFkk gksrs gSa nq%[kksa ds dkj.k vr% vgfuZ'k bl ru&eu dks bZ'k&pj.k esa djsa leiZ.k bZ'oj lapkfyr izÑfr gh ge lcdk ikyu djrh gS 'kqHk vkSj v'kqHk lHkh deks± ds iQy dk fuèkkZj.k djrh gS izÑfr ds fu;eksa ij pydj bZ'kLej.k djsa fuf'k&oklj thou ds Hkh"k.k nq%[kksa ls fu'p; nwj jgsaxs fiz;oj izÑfr ds fu;eksa esa caèkdj 'kq¼ ok;q esa ;ksxklu dj lkfRod vkgkjksa ij jg dj nwj jgsaxs jksx Hk;adj lkIrkfgd miokl dk lacy izkr%dky Hkze.k gks iSny lizk.k Hkkstu ls gj iy LokLF; jgsxk fcydqy fueZy mfpr jhfr ls isV lkiQ dj le;c¼ Hkkstu djds ge lk;adky vYi Hkkstu ls viuk LokLF; lgh j[ksa ge vius ru dh lkiQ&liQkbZ j[kuk ftruk vko';d gS vkl&ikl dh mruh liQkbZ dks Hkh j[kuk vko';d gS blls LokLF; jgsxk fueZy gj iy 'kq¼ jgsxk ru eu fny fnekx gksaxs rc vOoy] ;fn LoPN gksaxs ?kj vkaxu fu;fer gkFk ikao èkks djds ?kj vkuk vPNk jgrk gS fu;fer gkFk] ikao] eq[k èkksdj dqN [kkuk vPNk jgrk gS 'khry ty ls gkFk] ikao] eq[k èkksdj fiQj vka[kksa dks èkksuk rc tkdj vius fcLrj ij xgjh funzk esa rqe lksuk fu;fer èkwi] ok;q dk lsou djuk oSKkfud i¼fr ls fotkrh; ey fi?ky&fi?ky dj vk tkrs gS Rofjr xfr ls iSj xje flj BaMk j[k dj] viuk isV uje j[ks ge vkdfLed nSfgd nq%[kksa ls fulansg eqÙkQ gksaxs ge nqXèk&iku ½rq iQykgkj dj] j[ksa izlUu Lo;a ds ru&eu rnuarj vius y{;ksa dk lksp&le>dj djuk Hksnu LokLF; tkap fu;fer djokuk] fuèkkZfjr vofèk esa HkkbZ ,d ek=k izkÑfrd fpfdRlk ls djuk viuh HkjikbZA (';ke fd'kksj izlkn) izkÑfrd fpfdRlk ,oa ;ksx&r`rh; o"kZ

cqtqxZ gekjs vkn'kZ thou ,d dyk gS] dyk dks vkd"kZd cukus ds fy, fuiq.krk vkSj liQyrk vko';d gSA fuiq.krk èkhjs&èkhjs c<+rh mez ds lkFk vkrh gSA gekjs cqtqxZ vius thou dks fuiq.krk vkSj liQyrk ds lkFk thdj vuqHko fl¼ gks tkrs gSaA mudh ;gh vuqHko fl¼rk gesa vius thou dks laokjus dk vkèkkj curh gSA gekjh Hkkjrh; ijaijk esa pkj izdkj ds o`¼ksa dh ifjdYiuk dh xbZ gSA tgka èku o`¼ dks Js"B crk;k x;k gS ogha o;kso`¼ ds izfr vknj vkSj lEeku izdV fd;k x;k gSA vfHkoknu 'khyL; fuR;a o`¼ksfilsfou% pkRokfj rL; oèkZUrs vk;qfoZ|k ;'kkscyaA vFkkZr vfHkoknu 'khy vkSj o`¼ksa dh lsok djus okys dh pkj oLrq,a & vk;q] fo|k] ;'k vkSj cy c<+rs gSaA gekjs ;gka 72 o"kZ dh vk;q iwjh djus okys dks nso dksfV dk uke fn;k tkrk gSA okLro esa cqtqxk±s dk thou gekjs fy, ,d thoar iqLrd ds leku gSA ,slh iqLrd tks gesa thou dks thuk fl[kkrh gS] tks gesa thou dh tfVyrkvksa ls fudyuk fl[kkrh gSA cqtqxks± dk thou gesa fu"dke deZ djuk fl[kkrk gSA gekjh vkJe O;oLFkk esa o`¼ tuksa ds fy, lU;kl dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gS] tgka os vius vuqHkoksa ls ekuo ek=k dk dY;k.k djrs gSaA vius vuqHko fl¼ thou ls thuk fl[kkus okys cqtqxZ u fliQZ gekjs vkn'kZ gSa] vfirq thoUr Kku ewfrZ gksus ds dkj.k gekjs fy, cgqewY; Hkh gSaA gekjs cqtqxZ gesa thou nsdj vius iSjksa ij [kM+k djrs gSaA os Lo;a d"V lgdj gekjs fy, [kq'kgky okrkoj.k rS;kj djrs gSaA os ge ij viuk loZLo U;ksNkoj djds Hkh larq"V ugha gksrsA :X.k voLFkk esa Hkh mudk gkFk gesa vk'khokZn nsus ds fy, mB tkrk gSA ;fn eSa dgwa fd gekjk iwjk thou cqtqxks± ls miÑr gS rks blesa dksbZ vfr'k;ksfDr ugha gksxhA ij ge lc bl midkj dks viuh ÑrKrk ls pqdk jgs gSaA ge vkèkqfudrk esa bruk Mwc x;s gSa fd vc gekjs cqtqxZ gesa cks> yxus yxs gSa] ge brus feR;kpkjh gks x;s gSa fd gesa vuqHko flIr Kku cqtqokZ yxus yxk gS vkSj ge ckgjh Kku ds ihNs Hkkx jgs gSaA gekjs cqtqxZ gesa viuh dgkfu;ksa ds ekè;e ls thou ds uSfrd ewY;ksa dh f'k{kk fn;k djrs Fks] tc ls ge vius vkidks ;a=kksa ds gokys dj nknh&ukuh dh dgkfu;ksa ls nwj gksus yxs] rHkh ls gekjs uSfrd ewY;ksa dk gzkl 'kq: gks x;kA esjs fopkj ls vkt lekt esa O;fHkpkj] vuSfrdrk] feF;kpkj] vukpkj tSls nqxqZ.kksa dk iuiuk cqtqxks± ds fujknj dk gh nq"ifj.kke gSA

ge ij gekjs cqtqxks± dk dHkh u mrj ikus okyk ½.k gSA ge ½.k rks ugha mrkj ldrs] ij cqtqxks± dk vknj vkSj lEeku djds muds izfr viuh ÑrKrk rks Kkfir dj gh ldrs gSaA cqtqxZ gh gSa tks ge cPpksa dks ekrk&firk dh vuqifLFkfr dk vglkl ugha gksus nsrsA ge cPpksa ds csgrj Hkfo"; ds fy, cqtqxks± dk ?kj esa gksuk mruk gh vko';d gS ftruk fd thou ds fy, iaprRoksa dkA lekt dks cqtqxks± us cuk;k gS] vr% cqtqxks± dh lsok lekt dk nkf;Ro gSA gesa dksbZ vfèkdkj ugha fd ge mUgsa muds gh ?kj ls oafpr djsaA ,slk djuk Lo;a ge cPpksa ds lkFk Hkh vU;k; gSa] D;ksafd cqtqxZ ge cPpksa ds cky l[kk gksrs gSaA ge cPpksa dks ;g ladYi djuk pkfg, fd ge fuR; cqtqxks± dh lsok dj muds vk'khokZn ls viuk thou laokjsaxsA ge ;a=kksa ls nwj gks] cqtqxks± dks gh viuk cky l[kk cuk,axsA

(izdk'k pkSèkjh) xoes±V ckW;t lhfu;j lSdsaMjh Ldwy fdaXtos dSai] fnYyh

lwpuk % iqLrdky; izxfr esa iqLrdky; ,oa Kku foKku dh lHkh foèkkvksa ij Lrjh; ys[k vkeaf=kr fd, tkrs gSaA ys[k ,&4 lkbt esa Vkbi gksuk pkfg, tks 200 'kCnksa ls vfèkd u gksA lkFk gh ys[k ds lkFk bl vk'k; dh ?kks"k.kk Hkh dh tk, fd ¶ys[k ys[kd dh ewy Ñfr gS rFkk vU;=k dgha izdkf'kr ugha gqvk gSA¸

ge ¼Lojfpr dfork½ cqf¼ghu le>ks u gedks ge Kkuoku xq.kdkjh gSa] ekuork ds gSa j{kd vkSj nkuork ij Hkkjh gSaA geus ekSr dks èkwy pVkbZ ;eiqjh Hkh gels gkj xbZ d.k d.k esa okl gekjk gS ge Hkkjr ds uj ukjh gSA cqf¼ghu le>ks u gedks ge Kkuoku xq.kdkjh gSa] Kku gekjk lkFkh gS] vkSj U;k; gekjh 'kku lR; gekjk iFk izn'kZd gS] èkeZ gekjk nkuA {kek] n;k] ri] R;kx lHkh ls cgqr iqjkuh ;kjh gSA cqf¼ghu le>ks u gedks ge Kkuoku xq.kdkjh gSa]

thuk gS ;k ejuk gS ;g y{; ugha gekjk gS] c<+rs tkuk c<+rs tkuk] jx jx esa èkS;Z lek;k gS vkSj izse Hkjh gj Nkrh gSA cqf¼ghu le>ks u gedks ge Kkuoku xq.kdkjh gSa] O;FkZ le>rs gSa 'kfDr] vxj Hkyk fdlh dk u gks rks] jkse&jkse esa J¼k gks] ij J¼k esa eryc u gksA jax&fcjaxs iq"i dyh ge] gels gh [kq'kgkyh gSA cqf¼ghu le>ks u gedks ge Kkuoku xq.kdkjh gSa] vkvks thou lq[kh cuk ysa] feydj dke djsa] Hkkjr eka ds gSa liwr ge lcdk è;ku j[ksaA fparu] eaFku] nwjnf'kZrk viukvks] u gkfu gSA cqf¼ghu le>ks u gedks ge Kkuoku xq.kdkjh gSa] (jfo dgkj) ts-ih-,e- Ldwy d{kk&12

czsy foHkkx }kjk vk;ksftr izfr;ksfxrkvksa esa iqjLÑr izfrHkkfx;ksa dh lwph fucUèk ys[ku izfr;ksfxrk cky oxZ 1- dq- vkjrh pkSjfl;k 2- dq- 'kkfUr pkSjfl;k 3- dq- fiz;k ik.Ms; 4- Jh v{k; oekZ fd'kksj oxZ 1- Jh vadqj èkkek 2- Jh jfoanj dqekj 3- Jh vrhdqjZgeku 4- Jh fot; dqekj Ok;Ld oxZ 1- Jh jkenkl f'kogjs 2- Jh lR;sUnz flag 3- Jh jfo 4- Jh èkuat; dq- cuZoky ok| laxhr izfr;ksfxrk cky oxZ 1- dq- fiz;k ik.Ms; 2- Jh fo'kky dqekj 3- Jh vfer iqjh 4- dq- 'kkfUr pkSjfl;k fd'kksj oxZ 1- Jh lwjt oekZ 2- Jh fot; dqekj 3- Jh eqds'k 4- Jh vfuy dqekj Ok;Ld oxZ 1- Jh uanu 'kekZ 2- Jh v'kksd yqaxpax 3- Jh fodkl pkSèkjh 4- Jh v:.k dqekj

izFke f}rh; r`rh; lkaRouk izFke f}rh; r`rh; lkaRouk izFke f}rh; r`rh; lkaRouk

Hkk"k.k izfr;ksfxrk cky oxZ 1- Jh izdk'k pkSèkjh 2- dq- fiz;k ik.Ms; 3- dq- ykyef.k 4- Jh xkSjo dqekj okn&fookn izfr;ksfxrk fd'kksj oxZ 1- Jh foHkka'kq 'ks[kj 2- Jh oSHko 'kqDyk 3- dq- dfork eh.kk 4- Jh eukst dqekj dfork ikB izfr;ksfxrk Ok;Ld oxZ 1- Jh panzs'koj dq'kokg 2- Jh v:.k dqekj 3- Jh ';ke fd'kksj 4- dq- ;'koarh lqxe laxhr izfr;ksfxrk cky oxZ 1- dq- uwjtgka 2- Jh vfer iqjh 3- dq- iyd 4- dq- 'kkfUr pkSjfl;k fd'kksj oxZ 1- Jh lwjt oekZ 2- Jh 'kqHke vk;Z 3- dq- eqUuh 4- Jh jfo xqIrk 'kkL=kh; laxhr izfr;ksfxrk Ok;Ld oxZ 1- Jh dksey flag c?ksy 2- Jh nsosUnz fo'odekZ 3- Jh pUnzdkUr xksdqy 4- Jh eaxy flag

izFke f}rh; r`rh; lkaRouk

izFke f}rh; r`rh; lkaRouk izFke f}rh; r`rh; lkaRouk

izFke f}rh; r`rh; lkaRouk

ljLorh ukSfV;ky] iqLrdky; ,ao lwpuk lgk;d (czsy)

Louis Braille : A Profile Six dots, six bumps and also in different patterns like stars spread out over the pages. What are they? Is it numbers, letters, words? Who made this code? Yes, It is Louis Braille, a French 12 year old boy, who also a blind. His work has changed the world of reading and writing for ever. Louis Braille was from a small town called Coupvary near Paris. He was born on 4th January 1809. Louis was not blind by birth but became blind by accident at the age of three. His father made harness and other leather goods to sell to other villages. Louis father often used sharp tools to cut and punch holes on the leather. One of such sharp tool accidently poked one of his eyes. Later the wound become infected and young Louis lost sight in both the eyes. But as the days went by Louis learned to adapt and live a normal life. He was both intelligent and creative. He was also good in studies. When he grew older he joined the special school for blind in Paris. Louis found that the school did have books for blind to read. These books had large letters that were raised up off the page. Since the letters were so big, the books are very large and bulky and especially expensive. The reading of this book was also time consuming. Louis felt that there must be a way for blind person to read quickly and as early as a sighted person. From that day Louis set himself the determination for a system for blind person to read and write. He thought some alphabet code make his fingers reading as quickly as sighted reading. In 1821, a former solider called Charles Barbier visited the Louis school and shared his invention called Night writing-a code of 12 raised dots that let the soldiers share top secret information in the battle field without even to speak. The next few days Louis spent working on these alphabets. Louis trimmed the Barbier's 12 dots to Six dots. The position of the different dots would represent letters of alphabet. Louis used the same sharp tool to The English Braille Alphabet

punch out the sentence and read it quickly from left to right. Everything made sense and Six dots worked effectively. In 1829, Louis published the first ever Braille book. In 1837 he added symbols for math and music. In 1839 he published details of a method he developed for communication with sighted people. Louis Braille became a well respected teacher at the institute, but his writing system was not taught at the institute during his life time. He died in Paris at the age of 43 in 1852 due to tuberculosis. His system was finally officially recognized in France after his death in 1854. Now it is called Braille System after his name. Braille system began to spread world wide in 1868 when a group of British Men now known as Royal National Institute for Blind took up the cause. Now every country in the world uses Braille. Braille books have double sided pages which saves lot of space. Braille signs help the blind people to get in public domain and communicate independently. Braille is used in all Indian Languages. Louis Braille proved that if there is will there is a way to do incredible things. By S. Rajagopalan, ALIO

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vfuy dqekj fganh vuqoknd

f'keyk fnu f'keyk es esaa ,d ,d fnu jktHkk"kk foHkkx }kjk fnukad 17-3-2011 dks f'keyk esa vk;ksftr {ks=kh; jktHkk"kk lEesyu esa jktHkk"kk iqjLdkj forj.k lekjksg ds vfrfjDr fopkj eaFku dk Hkh vk;kstu fd;k x;kA lekjksg esa Hkkx ysus ds fy, tc eSa 17-3-2011 dks f'keyk igq¡ph rks ml le; ogk¡ dk ekSle cgqr lqgkouk FkkA èkwi dk dgha ukeksfu'kku ugha Fkk] vkleku esa ckny Nk, gq, Fks] gYdh&gYdh lnZ gok,a ekSle dks vkSj vfèkd [kq'kxokj cuk jgh FkhA ,sls lqgkus okrkoj.k dks ns[kdj eu eqXèk gks x;kA fgekpy izns'k fo'ofo|ky;] f'keyk ds lHkkxkj esa vk;ksftr {ks=kh; jktHkk"kk lEesyu esa fofHkUu dk;kZy;ksa ds izfrfufèk;ksa dh mifLFkfr us vyx lk leka ck¡èk fn;kA lekjksg esa fofHkUu dk;kZy;ksa }kjk jktHkk"kk fganh esa izdkf'kr dh tk jgh if=kdkvksa dks iznf'kZr fd;k x;k ftlesa ykbczsjh dh if=kdk ¶iqLrdky; izxfr¸ ds vad dks ns[kdj eu xnxn gks x;kA blh dkj.k ;g ,d ljdkjh lekjksg u gksdj ikfjokfjd lekjksg izrhr gks jgk FkkA jktHkk"kk fganh ds ekè;e ls ge lc ds chp ,d rkjrE; lk caèkk gqvk FkkA bl lekjksg dh vè;{krk lqJh ohuk mikè;k;] lfpo] jktHkk"kk foHkkx us dh rFkk fgekpy izns'k dh jkT;iky lqJh mfeZyk flag] us eq[; vfrfFk ds :i esa f'kjdr dhA bl lEesyu esa {ks=k ds izfrf"Br fo}kuksa us jktHkk"kk uhfr fo"k; ij vius mnxkj O;ÙkQ djrs gq, dgk fd fganh ,d fyad Hkk"kk&laidZ Hkk"kk gS tks ns'k dks fofHkUurk esa ,drk ds lw=k esa fijksrh gSA bl lekjksg esa jktHkk"kk uhfr ds dk;kZUo;u esa vPNk dke djus okys dk;kZy;ksa@miØeksa@cSadksa@uxj jktHkk"kk dk;kZUo;u lfefr;ksa dks eq[; vfrfFk us jktHkk"kk iqjLdkj iznku fd,A rRi'pkr vkeaf=kr vfrfFk;ksa ds fy, lkaLÑfrd dk;ZØe dk Hkh vk;kstu fd;k x;kA fopkj eaFku ds nkSjku fofHkUu dk;kZy;ksa ls vk, izfrfufèk;ksa us jktHkk"kk uhfr ds dk;kZUo;u] frekgh fjiksVZ vkfn fo"k;ksa ij ppkZ dhA vkèkqfud lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh ds ekè;e ls jktHkk"kk fganh ds iz;ksx ,oa mlds izlkj esa o`f¼ ds fy, fofHkUu fo"k;ksa&'kCnkoyh] ;wuhdksM iQksaV] vksiu vkfiQl] fganh vè;kid vkfn ij tkudkjh Hkh iznku dh xbZA lqèkk lDlsuk fganh vfèkdkjh

dsanzh; iqLrdky; fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh

¼okf"kZd izfr;ksfxrk,a½ fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh ds cky foHkkx }kjk Hkk"k.k] dfork ikB] lqxe laxhr] iSaQlh MªSl] fp=kdyk] ,dy vfHku;] yksdu`R; izfr;ksfxrk dk vk;kstu fnukad 06-04-11 ls 15-04-11 rd dsanzh; iqLrdky; ds vehj [kqljks lHkkxkj esa fd;k x;kA ftuesa 40 fotsrk izfrHkkfx;ksa dks iqjLdkj ,oa izek.k i=k iznku fd, x,A blh izdkj ykbczsjh ds lekt f'k{kk foHkkx }kjk rRdky Hkk"k.k] ,dy vfHku;] Hkk"k.k] laxhr izfr;ksfxrk] dfork ikB izfr;ksfxrk dk vk;kstu 18-04-11 ls 23-04-11 rd dsanzh; iqLrdky; ds lHkkxkj esa fd;k x;kA

fn-i-yk- uohu xfrfofèk;k¡ bySDVªksfud ;qx esa iqLrd ,oa dkihjkbV vfèkfu;e ds le{k pqukSrh 16 osa fo'o iqLrd ,oa dkihjkbV fnol ds miy{; esa fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh ds dsanzh; iqLrdky; esa fnukad 19-04-2011 dks ¶bySDVªksfud ;qx esa iqLrd ,oa dkihjkbV vfèkfu;e ds le{k pqukSrh¸ fo"k; ij ,d fnolh; dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA dbZ izfrfufèk;ksa us dk;Z'kkyk esa Hkkxhnkjh dhA Jherh 'kSytk panz] vè;{kk] fn-yk-cks- us dk;Z'kkyk ds mn~?kkVu volj ij Lokxr Hkk"k.k fn;kA Mk- ,p-ds- dkSy] funs'kd] MsyusV us Hkh bl volj ij izfrHkkfx;ksa dks lacksfèkr fd;kA dk;Z'kkyk ds nks l=k FksA dk;Z'kkyk ds izFke l=k dh vè;{krk izks- ih-ch- eaxyk us dh rFkk Mk- ,p-ds- dkSy o Mk-ih-vkjxksLokeh bl l=k ds vU; lnL; FksA bl l=k esa Mk- ds-ds- cSuthZ] funs'kd] jktk jke eksgu jk; iQkmaMs'ku] dksydkrk us ¶iqLrd ,oa dkihjkbV vfèkfu;e% bySDVªksfud ;qx esa pqukSrh¸ fo"k; ij vius fopkj izLrqr fd,A Mk- vatuk pV~Vksikè;k;] egkfuns'kd] fn-i-ykus ¶bZ ifCyf'kax&la'kksfèkr dkihjkbV dkuwu¸ fo"k; ij vius lkjxfHkZr fopkjksa dks izLrqr fd;kA dk;Z'kkyk ds nwljs l=k esa Jh odqy 'kekZ] vfèkoÙkQk] lqizhe dksVZ rFkk Mk- lqHkk"k ns'keq[k] eq[; iqLrdkè;{k] banzizLFk fo'ofo|ky;] fnYyh us Hkh bl fo"k; ij lVhd tkudkjh nhA

ds-,l-jktw] iqLrdky; lwpuk lgk;d] ;kstuk ,oa cksMZ vuqHkkx

vueksy opu gkFk dk ,d eeZ Li'kZ gh cgqr gS] fny dh xgjkb;ksa rd tkus ds fy,A vejukFk ts-,y-,-] egkfuns'kd dk;kZy;

dkih jkbV ,DV ij dk;Z'kkyk

v/;{kk] fn-yk-cks- dk;Z'kkyk esa mn?kkVu Hkk"k.k nsrs gq,A

izks- ih-ch-eaxyk] lnL; fn-yk-cks- dk;Z'kkyk esa O;k[;ku nsrs gq,

Mk- vatuk pV~Vksik/;k;] egkfuns'kd fn-i-ykdk;Z'kkyk esa O;k[;ku nsrs gq,A

Mk- ih-vkj- xksLokeh] lnL; fn-yk-cks- dk;Z'kkyk esa O;k[;ku nsrs gq,A

Mk- vkj-lh-xkSM+] lnL; fn-yk-cks- dk;Z'kkyk esa O;k[;ku nsrs gq,A

dk;Z'kkyk esa mifLFkr vfrfFk o vf/kdkjhx.k

2½ ujsyk mi'kk[kk isafVax izfr;ksfxrk & fganh d{k dk ;ksxnku isafVax izfr;ksfxrk & fganh d{k us jktHkk"kk dk;ZØeksa ds lkFk lkFk ykbczsjh dh isafVax izfr;ksfxrk esa ljkguh; ;ksxnku nsrs gq, ujsyk mi'kk[kk esa fnukad 05-12-2010 dks cPpksa ds fy, on the spot fp=kdyk izfr;ksfxrk ds vk;kstu esa lg;ksx fn;kA egkfuns'kd }kjk xzkeh.k {ks=k ds cPpksa dh dYiukRed lksp] muds l`tukRed fopkjksa dks ,d fn'kk nsus ds fy, rFkk Hkkjr ljdkj ds loZf'k{kk vfHk;ku ls tqM+dj cPpksa esa ykbczsjh ds izfr :fp mRiUu dj bUgsa f'kf{kr djus ds iz;kstu ls igyh ckj bl izdkj dh izfr;ksfxrk vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA ;g izfr;ksfxrk nks xzqiksa esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ & 1- twfu;j xzqi (11 ls 14 o"kZ) 2- lhfu;j xzqi (15 ls 18 o"kZ) bl izfr;ksfxrk esa ujsyk ds vkl&ikl ds {ks=kksa ds yxHkx 500 cPpksa us Hkkx fy;k vkSj on the spot fn, x, fo"k;ksa ij cPpksa us viuh dYiuk'kfDr ls dkiQh vPNs fp=k cuk,A dqN cPpksa us Commonwealth Games ls izsfjr gksdj vius fopkjksa dks dSuol ij mrkjk vkSj ftUgsa dkiQh iz'kalk feyhA izfr;ksfxrk esa fuEu cPpksa ds fp=kksa dks iqjLdkj feyk &

1- twfu;j xzqi

eq[; vfrfFk Jh vfer dqekj flaxyk] mik;qä ¼ukFkZ ,aM osLV½ fnYyh ljdkj dk Lokxr ,oa muds djdeyksa }kjk iqjLdkj forj.kA

2- lhfu;j xzqi

jkrqu uqfulk&

izFke

1- lanhi dqekj& izFke

Jqfr vk;Z&

f}rh;

2- jks'ku bje& f}rh;

bfrdk Hkkj}kt& r`rh;

3- T;ksfr&

r`rh;

iqjLÑr cPpksa dks izFke] f}rh; vkSj r`rh; iqjLdkj ds :i esa 500@& :-] 300@& :- vkSj 200@& :- o izek.k i=k iznku fd, x, tcfd Ldwyksa dks VªkiQh iznku dh xbZA cPpksa ds mRlkg dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, pqfuank csgrjhu isafVaXl dks uoo"kZ cèkkbZ lans'k (xzhfVax dkMZl) ds :i esa fganh esa Hkh rS;kj dj fu%'kqYd forfjr fd;k x;kA Jh ds-,l-xaxkj] vfrfä lfpo ¼jktLo½ fnYyh ljdkj dk Lokxr ,oa muds djdeyksa }kjk iqjLdkj forj.k

lqèkk lDlsuk fganh vfèkdkjh

ujsyk esa jaxksa dk esyk 5 fnlEcj] 2010 dh lqcg] fnu jfookj fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh ds ujsyk xzkeh.k iqLrdky; ds eq[; }kj ij tSls gh xkM+h ls mrjs] utkjk ns[kus okyk FkkA cPpksa vkSj muds vfHkHkkodksa dk lSykc lk iSQyk Fkk] iqLrdky; ds dqN deZpkjh o vfèkdkjh cPpksa dk jftLVªs'ku dj jgs Fks rks dqN mUgsa iafDrc¼ dj mfpr LFkku ij cSBkus dk izcaèk dj jgs FksA cPpksa ds psgjs ij ,d vthc&lk mYykl o mRlqdrk ut+j vk jgh FkhA volj Fkk fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh }kjk ujsyk iqLrdky; esa vk;ksftr ^rRdky fp=kdyk izfr;ksfxrk* (On the spot Painitng Competition) dkA cPpksa esa izfr;ksfxrk ds fy, uke fy[kokus dh yyd ns[krs gh curh FkhA egkfuns'kd egksn;k }kjk izfr;ksfxrk izcaèkksa dk u dsoy fujh{k.k cfYd izcaèk ds gj igyw dh tkap o ijh{k.k mRlkgoèkZd o izsj.kknk;h FkkA izfr;ksfxrk esa Hkkx ysus ds fy, dbZ cPps vius vfHkHkkodksa ds lkFk rks dqN vius cM+s HkkbZ&cguksa ds lkFk vk, FksA iqLrdky; ds deZpkjh mUgsa O;ofLFkr LFkku ij cSBkus esa yxs FksA mn~?kks"k.kk dk dk;Z eq>s lkSaik x;k Fkk blfy, mUgsa ckj&ckj O;ofLFkr <ax ls cSBus dh ?kks"k.kk djuh iM+ jgh FkhA izfr;ksfxrk dk le; izkr% ukS cts Fkk ysfdu cPpksa dk izfr;ksfxrk esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy, iathdj.k djokus dk flyflyk [kRe gksus dk uke ugha ys jgk FkkA vkf[kjdkj 10 cts cPpksa dk izfr;ksfxrk gsrq jftLVªs'ku can dj izfr;ksfxrk vkjEHk djus dh ?kks"k.kk djuh iM+h rFkk lHkh cPpksa dks LFkku xzg.k djus dks dgk x;kA lHkh cPpksa dks Mªkbax lhV miyCèk djkbZ xbZ rFkk fp=kdyk ds fy, vU; lkeku dyj] isfUly] cksMZ vkfn Lo;a ykus FksA izfr;ksfxrk gsrq dqN fo"k; fn, x;s Fks rFkk izfr;ksfxrk nks vk;q oxks± esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA 10 ls 14 o"kZ ds ¶dfu"B oxZ¸ esa rFkk 15 ls 18 o"kZ ds cPps ¶ofj"B oxZ¸ esa 'kkfey FksA izfr;ksfxrk ds fo"k; Fks esjk ifjokj] i;kZoj.k dh j{kk] esys dk n`';] [ksyksa ds izfr izse] iqLrdsa gekjh fe=k gS] izxfr'khy Hkkjr vkfnA izfr;ksfxrk vkjEHk gks pqdh FkhA cPps cM+h rUe;rk o mYykl ls fp=k cukus esa O;Lr FksA iqLrdky; ifjlj esa pkjksa vksj cPps jaxfcjaxs diM+ksa esa jaxksa ls [ksyrs ,sls izrhr gks jgs Fks ekuks ogk¡ jaxksa dk esyk yxk gksA lkeus cSBs ,d cPps dks ns[kk 28

og esjk ifjokj ij cgqr gh lqanj LdSp cuk jgk Fkk] mldh fp=kdyk esa lqLi"Vrk o ckjhdh lHkh dk è;ku vkÑ"V dj jgh FkhA nwljh vksj ,d cPph i;kZoj.k ij fp=k cuk jgh Fkh ftlesa o`{kksa dks dkVs tkus ls cpkus ds fy, mu ij mudh j{kk gsrq fpids gq, cPps fn[kk;s x;s FksA fp=k dks ns[kdj fpidks vkanksyu dh ;kn rktk gks mBh FkhA blh ds lkFk ,d cPps us o`{k ij gh esjk ifjokj dh dYiuk dks lkdkj dj fn;k FkkA mlus o`{k dh gj 'kk[kk ij ek¡] firk] HkkbZ] cgu dks fpf=kr fd;k Fkk tks cgqr gh vkd"kZd ,oa dYiuk'khy fn[kkbZ ns jgk FkkA ,d dksus ij cSBk cPpk esys dk n`'; cuk jgk Fkk] bldh lthork o lqLi"Vrk ns[krs gh curh FkhA dqN cPps fp=kksa dks iksLVj ds vkdkj esa cuk dj i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds lans'k fpf=kr dj jgs Fks tks cgqr gh lqanj o lans'kizn izrhr gks jgs FksA blds lkFk gh izfr;ksfxrk lekIr gksus okyh FkhA cPpksa ds lkFk&lkFk muds vfHkHkkod Hkh cPpksa ds izfr;ksfxrk esa 'kkfey gksus ls mRlkfgr Fks vkSj ,slk izrhr gks jgk Fkk fd os bl rjg dh izfr;ksfxrk esa igyh ckj Hkkx ys jgs FksA izfr;ksfxrk dk iqjLdkj forj.k lekjksg dqN le; ds varjky ij lk;a 4 cts vkjEHk gqvkA bl volj ij eq[; vfrfFk Jh vfer dqekj flaxyk] mik;qDr ukWFkZ&oSLV tksu] fnYyh ljdkj rFkk Jh dqynhi flag xaxkj] vfrfjDr lfpo jktLo] fnYyh ljdkj fof'k"V vfrfFk ds :i esa vkeaf=kr FksA iqLrdky; dh xfrfofèk;k¡ rFkk i`"BHkwfe ds lkFk iqjLdkj lekjksg 'kq: gqvkA loZizFke eq[; vfrfFk;ksa dk Lokxr fd;k x;kA rRi'pkr egkfuns'kd egksn;k us mifLFkr vfrfFk;ksa dk ifjp; fn;k rFkk iqLrdky; dh fofoèk xfrfofèk;ksa o dk;Ziz.kkyh dh tkudkjh nhA fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh esa bl izfr;ksfxrk ds vk;kstu dk mís'; iqLrdky; esa tuHkkxhnkjh dks c<+kuk] fo'ks"kdj cPpksa dks iqLrdky; dh vksj vkÑ"V dj loZf'k{kk vfHk;ku ds rgr f'k{kkUeq[k djuk vkSj iqLrdksa ds izfr izse tkx`r djuk gSA blds i'pkr nksuksa oxks± ds izfrHkkfx;ksa dks izFke] f}rh;] ,oa r`rh; iqjLdkj eq[; vfrfFk;ksa }kjk iznku fd;s x;sA dk;ZØe ds var esa eq[; vfrfFk;ksa dks Le`fr fpUg iznku dj lEekfur fd;k x;k rFkk vkeaf=kr vfrfFk;ksa cPpksa] vfHkHkkodksa] f'k{kdksa rFkk {ks=kh; fuokfl;ksa dk vkHkkj O;Dr djus ds lkFk dk;ZØe lEiUu gqvkA bl rjg bl jaxHkjs fnu dh ;kn dbZ fnuksa rd cuh jgh vkSj cPpksa dk dykRed lalkj efLr"d esa ?kwerk jgkA mfeZyk jkSrsyk iqLrdky; ,oa lwpuk lgk;d 29

lPpk lq[k gekjs vanj clk gS euq"; psru'khy izk.kh gSA bldk tUe lHkh thoksa esa loksZÙke ekuk x;k gSA xq.k&voxq.k i'kq if{ko tkuk ekuq"k ru izHkq Kku fuèkkukAA izHkq us ge lcksa dks lq[kh cukdj Hkstk gS ijUrq og vius deks± ,oa dqdeks± dk iQy ikrk gSA euq"; vius HkkX; dk fuekZrk gSA LoxZ vkSj ujd dgha nwj ughaA Hkxoku us ,d izdk'k lHkh ds vanj ns j[kk gSA muds dk;Z&dykiksa ds ifj.kke ls og izdk'k vkSj vaèksjs esa HkVdrk jgrk gSA euq"; èku&nkSyr ,oa oSHko izkIr djus ds fy, fnu&jkr nkSM+rk jgrk gS ij nkSyr ,oa oSHko mUgsa feyrk gS] ftudk dk;Z usd ,oa fu;fer iz;kl dk iQy gksrk gSA ge fdruk vius eu esa lksp&fopkj dj ysa] gekjs gkFk esa ogh vkrk gS tks gesa izHkq ds vk'khokZn ls izkIr gksrk gSA fdarq ge ;gh lksprs gSa fd esjs HkkX; esa ;gh fy[kk gSA ;g eu dks lkaRouk nsus dh ckr gS ij ge ;g ugha lksprs fd esjh viuh gh dksbZ deh jg xbZ gksxh ftlds dkj.k vliQyrk gkFk yxhA ge fdl rjg dh ftanxh ft,a] ;g loky lcds lkeus vkrk gSA ge lc vius vkidks fliZQ ,d 'kjhj le>rs gSaA lksprs gSa fd 'kjhj ds lq[kksa dh vksj gesa viuk è;ku yxkuk pkfg,A blhfy, èku&nkSyr vkSj 'kksgjr dekus esa lqcg ls 'kke rd yxs jgrs gSaA mUgsa ;gh fpark yxh jgrh gS fd mudh èku nkSyr dksbZ pqjk dj u ys tk,A dqN yksx èku&nkSyr dekus ds fy, bruk ikxy gks tkrs gSa fd os vius lq[k ls gh oafpr gks tkrs gSaA rc og dkSu lh nkSyr gS tks gesa lq[kh j[k ldrh gS\ egkiq#"k le>krs gSa fd vxj lq[k&pSu ikuk gS rks :gkfu;r dh nkSyr dek,a tks ge lcds Hkhrj gS] og nkSyr tks gekjk ;gh :i n'kkZrh gSA gekjh ckgjh ftanxh dSlh Hkh gksA tc balku vanj dh nkSyr ikrk gS rks fiQj og gj gky esa [kq'k jgrk gSA ysfdu vanj dh nkSyr ikus ds fy, gesa ml nqfu;k esa tkus dk rjhdk vkuk pkfg,A lnxq: tSls egkxq: ukud] dchj] lwiQhlar vkfn ds ekè;e ls ge vius Kku ds fnO; p{kq dks [kksy ldrs gSaA tc gekjk è;ku ,dkxz gksrk gS rks ge vareZu dh nqfu;k esa dne mBkus ds yk;d gks tkrs gSaA eu dh ,dkxzrk ds fy, gesa fdlh xq: dh 'kj.k esa tkuk gksrk gSA lar dk jkLrk ;g ugha dgrk fd ge ?kj&ckj] èku&nkSyr dks R;kxs] vkSj taxyksa esa pys tk,a vFkok dsoy vehj O;fDr gh izHkq dks ik ldrs gSaA xq# gesa le>krk gS fd ftl Hkh gky esa gS og Bhd gS D;ksafd vxj gekjk utfj;k Bhd gS rks gj gky esa ge izHkq dks ik ldrs gSaA vehj gksuk dksbZ [kjkc ckr ugha gS ysfdu vxj lkjk le; fliZQ iSls dekus esa yxk fn;k tk, rks fiQj ftl è;s; ds fy, geus 'kjhj èkkj.k fd;k gS og iwjk ugha gksxkA ml voLFkk rd igqapus ds fy, gesa ,d usdh dk thou thuk gSA vxj gekjs ikl èku nkSyr gS rks ge fdlh ds ennxkj cus u fd fdlh dks nq%[k igq¡pk,A ml nkSyr dk D;k iQk;nk fd ge lkjk le; iSls dekus esa gh yxs jgsA dksbZ vkneh nqfu;k dh èku nkSyr ls lq[kh ugha gqvk gS tks Hkh lq[kh gqvk gS og Hkhrj dh :gkuh nkSyr ls lq[kh gqvk gS vkSj og nkSyr ge lc ds vanj gSA lPph nkSyr ;gh gS fd fdlh dk cqjk u djsaA viuk lkjk le; vPNs dkeksa esa yxk,aA lPps eu ls Hkxoku dk Lej.k djuk] fdlh dks d"V u igqp ¡ kuk gh vkfRed vkuan gSA

vkse izdk'k 'kekZ voj Js.kh fyfid

HkkoHkhuh fonkbZ fnYyh ykbczsjh cksMZ dh lsokvksa ls o"kZ] 2011 esa gq, lsokfuo`Ùk deZpkfj;ksa dk fooj.k& 1- Jh ehj flag] d-iq-ifj- & 45

31-03-2011

2- Jherh Loiuk fe=kk] iq-lw-l- & 5 31-05-2011 3- Jh egssanz dqekj] okgu pkyd & 3 31-05-2011

'kksd lans'k 1- fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh ifjokj Jh jes'k] ts-,y-,- ds vkdfLed fuèku ls LrCèk gSA fn-i-ykifjokj dh vksj ls mUgsa fouez J`¼katfyA 2- fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh ifjokj Jh iznhi flag usxh] ,y-Mh-lh- ds vkdfLed fuèku ls LrCèk gSA fn-i-ykifjokj dh vksj ls mUgsa fouez J`¼katfyA

vkidh ikrh ,oa lq>ko fnukad 30-10-2010 fiz; Mk- vatuk pV~Vksiè;k; th] vkids }kjk Hksts x, uo o"kZ ds cèkkbZ lans'k ns[ksa tks fd vR;ar vkd"kZd ,oa lqanj gSaA eq>s ;g tkudj Hkh vfr izlUurk gqbZ gS fd cPpksa ds 'kSf{kd] jpukRed fodkl ,oa mRlkg dks yxkrkj c<+kok nsus ds fy, fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh }kjk fofHkUu izfr;ksfxrkvksa dk vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gSA fo'ks"k :i ls xzkeh.k {ks=k fLFkr ujsyk ykbczsjh esa fp=kdyk izfr;ksfxrk dk vk;kstu ,d ljkguh; iz;kl gSA 5 fnlacj] 2010 dks gh vk;ksftr izfr;ksfxrk ds rqjar ckn bruh 'kh?kz mudh dkMZ ds :i esa bl izdkj dh izLrqfr rRijrk ,oa izfrc¼rk dh ifjpk;d gSA ------cèkkbZ lans'k okLro esa vfr eksgd gSa vkSj bl dk;ZØe dks liQy cukus okys lHkh dkfeZd ,oa vk;kstudrkZ cèkkbZ ds ik=k gSaA eSa viuh vksj ls fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh dh lsokvksa ds O;kid&izpkj dk ;FkklaHko iz;kl d:axhA uoo"kZ dh 'kqHk dkeukvksa lfgrA (eksfguh fgaxksjkuh) funs'kd dasnzh; fganh izf'k{k.k laLFkku jktHkk"kk foHkkx] x`g ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkj] ubZ fnYyh

fnukad 28] fnlacj] 2010 fiz; Mk- pV~Vksikè;k; th] uo o"kZ ds volj ij vkidk 'kqHkdkeuk lans'k izkIr gqvkA èkU;oknA esjh vksj ls Hkh uo o"kZ dh 'kqHkdkeuk,a Lohdkj djsaA uo o"kZ vkids rFkk vkids ifjokj ds fy, eaxye; gks rFkk vkidk ifjokj mUufr ds ekxZ ij vxzlj gksA vkids }kjk Hksts x, fyiQkisQ ij fnYyh ifCyd ykbczsjh dk yksxks (dpl) dsoy vaxzsth esa gSA ;g vkSj Hkh lqanj gksrk ;fn bls fganh esa fy[kk x;k gksrkA vk'kk gS Hkfo"; esa bldk iz;kl fd;k tk,xkA 'kqHkdkeukvksa lfgr]

(iwue tqustk) lfpo lalnh; jktHkk"kk lfefr rhu ewfrZ ekxZ] ubZ fnYyh

fnukad 12-05-2011

fnukad 03-01-2011 fiz; Mk- pV~Vksikè;k; th]

egksn;]

uo o"kZ ds cèkkbZ lans'k ds :i esa cPpksa }kjk cuk, x, eksgd fp=kksa dks Hkstus ds fy, vkidk cgqr&cgqr èkU;oknA mEehn gS vkidk iqLrdky; bl fn'kk esa iz;Ru'khy jgsxk vkSj cPpksa dks izksRlkfgr vkSj izsfjr djsxkA

vkids fnukad 13 vizSy] 2011 ds i=k la-&4(18) fgad@fniyk@2011&12@188 ds lkFk iqLrdky; izxfr ds rhljs vad dh if=kdk izkIr gqbZ] èkU;oknA if=kdk dh lTtk rFkk lkexzh ladyu vR;ar vkd"kZd gSA if=kdk esa ladfyr lHkh ys[k mPpdksfV ds rFkk Kkuizn gSaA laiknu ,oa dysoj dh n`f"V ls if=kdk lq#fpiw.kZ gSA if=kdk ds izdk'ku ds fy, cèkkbZ ,oa 'kqHkdkeuk,¡A

uo o"kZ dh 'kqHkdkeukvksa lfgrA lknj]

(Mk- vkj-ih- flag) fo'ks"k dk;Z vfèkdkjh jk"Vªifr lfpoky;] jk"Vªifr Hkou] ubZ fnYyh

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