Diondra Hill th 4 /block Aqua science May 15, 2013
Species #: 1 Title: Saltwater/Marine Common Name: Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Scientific Name: Thunnus thynnus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Scombridae
Geography / Habitat: Atlantic Bluefin are native to both the western and eastern Atlantic Ocean, as well as the Mediterranean Sea. Atlantic Bluefin have become extinct in the Black Sea Life Strategy: Atlantic Bluefin tuna reach maturity relatively quickly. In a survey that included specimens up to 2.55 m (8.4 ft) in length and 247 kg (540 lb) in weight, none was believed to be older than 15 years. However, very large specimens may be up to 50 years old. Food / Feed Strategy: The Atlantic Bluefin tuna typically hunts small fish and invertebrates such as sardines, herring, mackerel, squid and crustaceans.
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Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform. The body stays rigid while the tail flicks back and forth Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_bluefin_tuna
Title: Saltwater/Marine Species #: 2 Common Name: Southern Bluefin Scientific Name: Thunnus maccoyii Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Scombridae
Geography / Habitat: open southern hemisphere waters of all the world's oceans
Life Strategy: A mature female will produce several million eggs in one spawning period. The breeding season runs from September and October until March, and occurs in Indonesian waters. Juvenile southern Bluefin tuna are then known to group together during the summer months in coastal waters off the southern coast of Australia until they reach around five years old, after which they are more consistently associated with deeper waters.
Food / Feed Strategy: The southern Bluefin tuna is an opportunistic feeder, preying on a wide variety of fish, crustaceans, cephalopods, salps, and other marine animals.
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Body Form or Style: The southern bluefin tuna is a large, streamlined, fast swimming fish with a long, slender caudal peduncle and relatively short dorsal, pectoral and anal fins. The body is completely covered in small scales. Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_bluefin
Title:
Albacore tuna
Species #: 3
Common Name: Albacore Tuna Scientific Name: Thunnus alalunga Kingdom: Thunnus alalunga
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Scombridae
Geography / Habitat: tropical and temperate waters of all oceans, including the Mediterranean Sea
Life Strategy: Albacore tuna are believed to be pelagic spawners, meaning that the female releases her eggs, and the male his sperm, into open water, often near the water’s surface (3). A female albacore tuna is capable of producing two to three million eggs per spawning season, which are released in at least two batches (2); however, the majority of these eggs will not survive to be adults (3). The tiny eggs are just one millimetre in diameter and are enclosed in an oil droplet to enable them to remain buoyant in the ocean. The eggs are fertilized by the male, and the resulting fertilized eggs develop rapidly, with hatching occurring in less than 48 hours (3). Food / Feed Strategy: smaller schooling fish such as sardines and anchovy, and squid, consuming around 25 percent of its weight every day
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Body Form or Style: torpedo-shaped body, smooth skin and streamlined fins Swim / Locomotion Style: The pectoral fins, found on each side of the body, are exceptionally long, and the crescent-shaped, deeply-forked tail fin helps generate the power required to maintain the albacore tuna’s impressive speeds Mouth Position: Bottom of the head
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albacore_Tuna
Title: Yellowfin tuna Species #: 4 Common Name: Yellowfin tuna Scientific Name: Thunnus albacares Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Scombridae
Geography / Habitat: found in pelagic waters of tropical and subtropical oceans worldwide.
Life Strategy: Spawning can occur at various times of the year depending on the locations. The Yellowfin Tuna may travel long distances to take part in such efforts for mating. They are ready for mating when they are from 2 to 3 years of age. A female can release up to 10 million eggs per season.
Food / Feed Strategy: other fish, pelagic crustaceans, and squid.
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Body Form or Style: The second dorsal fin and the anal fin, as well as the finlets between those fins and the tail, are bright yellow, giving this fish its common name. The second dorsal and anal fins can be very long in mature specimens, reaching almost as far back as the tail and giving the appearance of sickles or scimitars. The pectoral fins are also longer than the related bluefin tuna, but not as long as those of the albacore. The main body is very dark metallic blue, changing to silver on the belly, which has about 20 vertical lines.
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Swim / Locomotion Style: body shape is evolved for speed, enabling them to pursue and capture fast-moving baitfish such as flying fish, sauries and mackerel. Mouth Position: Bottom of the head
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Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowfin_Tuna
Title: Bigeye tuna
Species #:5
Common Name: Bigeye tuna Scientific Name: Thunnus obesus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Scombridae
Geography / Habitat: Bigeye tuna are found in the open waters of all tropical and temperate oceans, but not the Mediterranean Sea.
Life Strategy: Bigeye tuna reach reproductive maturity around age 3, and at around 1m in length. They spawn throughout the year in tropical waters.
Food / Feed Strategy: Feed items include both epipelagic and mesopelagic species.
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Body Form or Style: Bigeye tuna vary up to 250 centimeters (98 in) in length. Its maximum weight probably exceeds 400 pounds (180 kg), with the all-tackle angling record standing at 392 pounds (178 kg). They are large, deep-bodied, streamlined fish with large heads and eyes. The pectoral fins are very long, reaching back as far as the second dorsal fin. They display 13 or 14 dorsal spines. Fusiform. Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bigeye_tuna
Title: Skipjack Tuna
Species#:6
Common Name: Skipjack Tuna Scientific Name: Katsuwonus pelamis Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Scombridae
Geography / Habitat: Found in tropical and warm-temperate waters. They are found mainly in the tropical areas of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, with the greatest abundance seen near the equator. Life Strategy: Skipjack tuna are oviparous, they spawn all year-round in the warm equatorial waters, while further away from the equator spawning season is limited to the warmer months.
Food / Feed Strategy: Fish, crustaceans, cephalopods and mollusks.
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Body Form or Style: They have a streamlined body that is mostly without scales. Their backs are dark purple-blue and their lower sides and bellies are silver with four to six dark bands. Skipjack can live as long as 8-10 years. Fusiform.
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Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skipjack_Tuna
Title: Little tunny
Species #: 7
Common Name: Little tunny Scientific Name: Euthynnus alletteratus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Scombridae
Geography / Habitat: It is found in warm temperate and tropical waters of the Atlantic and the Mediterranean; in the western Atlantic, it ranges from Brazil to the New England states.
Life Strategy: Little tunny spawn in water that is at least 25 °C (77 °F) in the months of April through November in the Atlantic Ocean. The spawning season of the little tunny in the Mediterranean is generally between May and September, but the most intensive spawning occurs between July and August. The major spawning areas are offshore, in waters that are 100 to 130 feet deep. The females are prolific fish, and can release 1.75 million eggs, in multiple clutches over a mating season.[27] The eggs are fertilized in the water column after the males release sperm. The eggs are buoyant, spherical, transparent, and pelagic. A droplet of oil within the egg adds to its buoyancy.
Food / Feed Strategy: little tunny are carnivorous, and primarily feed on small fish and invertebrates that occur in schools. The diet of the Little Tunny consists mostly of fish; they particularly like the Atlantic Bigeye and large head hair tail. Second to fish, the Little Tunny consumes a good deal of crustaceans, and lastly cephalopods and gastropods make up a small part of the Little Tunny's diet
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Body Form or Style: Its torpedo-shaped, robust body is made for powerful swimming. It has a large mouth with rigid jaws and a slightly protruding lower jaw, with a single row of small, inwardly curved, cone-shaped teeth on the palatines. Teeth are absent on the vomer, the small bone in the roof of the mouth, and the tongue has two longitudinal ridges. Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Tunny
Title: Achilles Tang
Species #: 8
Common Name: Achilles Tang Scientific Name: Acanthurus achilles Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Acanthuridae
Geography / Habitat: It is found in various reefs of Oceania, up to the islands of Hawaii and Pitcairn. The fish is also, although less commonly, found in the Mariana Islands and even some reefs in southern Mexico and Guatemala.
Life Strategy: The eggs are scattered in the pelagic and are carried by the current until the fry make their way back to the bottom of the sea.
Food / Feed Strategy: The Achilles Tang is herbivorous, eating mostly benthic algae. They will also accept frozen and meaty foods such as brine shrimp and Mysis shrimp in captivity. As with all Surgeonfish, algae or similar vegetable matter should be included in their dietary intake to moderate aggression and regulate metabolic functions.
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Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achilles_Tang
Title:
Saltwater/ Marine Species #:9
Common Name: Queen angelfish Scientific Name: Holacanthus ciliaris Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Pomacanthidae
Geography / Habitat: Commonly found near reefs in the warmer sections of the western Atlantic Ocean.
Life Strategy: The adults are found in pairs year round, perhaps suggesting a long-term monogamous bond. The pairs reproduce by rising up in the water, bringing their bellies close together, and release clouds of sperm and eggs. The female can release anywhere from 25 to 75 thousand eggs each evening and as many as ten million eggs during each spawning cycle. The eggs are transparent, buoyant, and pelagic, floating in the water column. They hatch after 15 to 20 hours into larvae that lack effective eyes, fins, or even a gut
Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds primarily on sponges, but also feeds on tunicates, jellyfish, and corals as well as plankton and algae. Juveniles serve as "cleaners" and feed on the parasites of larger fish at cleaning stations
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Body Form or Style: The adult Queen Angelfish overall body color can be described as blue to bluegreen with yellow rims on its scales. Their pectoral fins and ventral fins are also yellow but their lips and the edges of their dorsal fins and anal fins are dark blue. Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Angelfish
Title: Saltwater/Marine Species#:10 Common Name: Anthia Scientific Name: Anthiinae Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Serranidae
Geography / Habitat: Located in/near the Mediterranean and northeast.
Life Strategy: Anthias are protogynous hermaphrodites. All anthias are born female; if a dominant male perishes, the largest female of the group will often change into a male to take its place. This may lead to squabbling between the next largest male, who sees an opportunity to advance, and the largest female, whose hormones are surging with testosterone.This can turn quite vicious in the limited confines of captivity
Food / Feed Strategy: Anthias are planktivores and feed primarily on zooplankton, tiny animals found in the water column. They benefit from several small feedings throughout the day rather than one large feeding
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: beak
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthiinae
Title: Saltwater/ Marine
Species #: 11
Common Name: Devil fish Scientific Name: Mobula mobular Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Elasmobranchii
Order: Myliobatiformes
Family: Myliobatidae
Geography / Habitat: The Devil Ray is known mainly for living in areas such as Algeria, Croatia, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Malta, Spain, and Tunisia, which are its native habitat. It’s known mainly for living in warmer waters and the Mediterranean Sea provides such an environment.
Life Strategy: Little is known about the reproductive biology of the Atlantic devil ray. However, like all rays, the Atlantic devil ray exhibits a placental viviparity. In one reported observation, a female carried a single embryo, which initially fed on yolk then received additional nourishment from greenish uterine milk that is enriched with mucus, fat or protein.
Food / Feed Strategy: Planktonic crustaceans and small schooling fishes
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Body Form or Style: Anguilliform Swim / Locomotion Style: Rajiform Mouth Position: subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil_Fish
Title: Saltwater/Marine Species #: 12 Common Name: Green Damselfish Scientific Name: Abudefduf abdominalis Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Pomacentridae
Geography / Habitat: Central Pacific Ocean: Midway Island and Hawaii southward to central Polynesia.
Life Strategy: Damselfish are also known to be aggressive, especially the twospot domino damsel.
Food / Feed Strategy: Algae
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Beak
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abudefduf_abdominalis
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species #:13
Common Name: American Eel Scientific Name: Anguilla rostrata Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Anguilliformes
Family: Anguillidae
Geography / Habitat: Found on the eastern coast of North America.
Life Strategy: American eels can grow to 1.22m in length and to 7.5 kg in weight. Females are generally larger than males, lighter in color, with smaller eyes and higher fins. The eggs hatch within a week of deposition in the Sargasso Sea. McCleave et al. (1987) suggested that hatching peaks in February and may continue until April. Wang and Tzeng (2000) proposed, on the basis of otolith back-calculations, that hatching occurs from March to October and peaks in August.
Food / Feed Strategy: Eels are nocturnal and most of their feeding therefore occurs at night. Having a keen sense of smell, eels most likely depend on scent to find food. The American eel is a generalist species which colonizes a wide range of habitats. Their diet is therefore extremely diverse and includes most of the aquatic animals sharing the same environment.
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Body Form or Style: Eels are elongated fish, ranging in length. Filliform. Swim / Locomotion Style: Anguilliform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Eel
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species #:14
Common Name: Elegant Firefish Scientific Name: Nemateleotris decora Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Ptereleotridae
Geography / Habitat: This species is found in the Indo-West Pacific, from Mauritius to Samoa, north to Ryukyu Islands, and south to New Caledonia.
Life Strategy: Pairs - probably monogamous pairs. Many of the species in this group are routinely found as pairs in the wild. In Nemateleotris, juveniles may be found in groups, but aggression sets in upon maturity.
Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on zooplankton, especially copepods and crustacean larvae.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: supraterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elegant_firefish
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species #: 15
Common Name: Blackeye goby Scientific Name: Rhinogobiops nicholsii Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Gobiidae
Geography / Habitat: It is a very common inhabitant of coral reefs and rocky habitats along the eastern Pacific coasts of Mexico, the United States, and Canada; though they are hardly noticed as they often rest motionless near their shelters.
Life Strategy: Blackeye gobies are sexually dimorphic, with different sexes distinguishable from genital papilla, size, and length of dorsal and anal fins. Females attain sexual maturity at 4.73 to 7.35 cm (1.86 to 2.89 in) in length, while males mature at 7.21 to 8.3 cm (2.84 to 3.3 in) in length.[5] The breeding season lasts for five to seven months, between April and October. During this, the fused pelvic fins (the disk) of the males turn very dark in color.
Food / Feed Strategy: They feed almost exclusively on small crustaceans and mollusks
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Body Form or Style: The body is elongated, slightly compressed, and almost completely covered by scales. The head lacks scales and is wider than it is deep, with a small terminal mouth and a projecting lower jaw. Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackeye_Goby
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species #:16
Common Name: Green Chromis Scientific Name: Chromis viridis Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Pomacentridae
Geography / Habitat: The species is found in the Indo-Pacific. They live in large aggregations above Acropora corals in sheltered areas such as lagoons and reef flats and feed on phytoplankton. Juveniles live closely tied to individual coral heads.
Life Strategy: They spawn over sand and rubble. The male prepares the nest which is shared with several females. The large number of eggs will hatch in 2-3 days. The male guards the nest, ventilating it with its fins and feeding on those eggs that do not hatch.
Food / Feed Strategy: The Blue-green Chromis feeds on phytoplankton in the wild, but will accept most types of food in the aquarium. Feed it many small portions throughout the day instead of just one or two large meals. You can for instance combine flake food with frozen, fresh and live food. Providing the fish with some algae or algae based food is recommended, since it always ingests a certain amount of algae in the wild. A varied diet is important.
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Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Chromis
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species #: 17
Common Name: Flame Hawkfish Scientific Name: Neocirrhitus armatus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Cirrhitidae
Geography / Habitat: Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia, and other West and South Pacific waters.
Life Strategy: The Flame Hawkfish is an egg-laying species that will spawning near the water's surface during the night. The male fish is usually larger than the female. This species is a pelagic spawner, i.e. its eggs are buoyant and will be swept away by currents in the sea. The eggs will hatch after roughly three weeks.
Food / Feed Strategy: The Flame Hawkfish is a carnivore with a diet preference for small crustaceans, some sessile as well as motile invertebrates. It will eat feather dusters and ornamental shrimps, as well as may pick hermit crabs and snails right out of their shells! Even though fish are not a preferred food source, they may try and eat smaller fish if the opportunity arises.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform Mouth Position:Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neocirrhitus_armatus
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species #:18
Common Name: Lionfish Scientific Name: Pterois Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Scorpaeniformes
Family: Scorpaenidae
Geography / Habitat: Indo-Pacific. They can be found around the seaward edge of reefs and coral, in lagoons, and on rocky surfaces to fifty meters.
Life Strategy: Pterois can live from five to fifteen years and have complex courtship and mating behaviors. Females release two mucus-filled egg clusters frequently, which can contain as many as fifteen thousand eggs. Studies on Pterois reproductive habits have increased significantly in the past decade.
Food / Feed Strategy: It aggressively preys on small fish and invertebrates. It aggressively preys on small fish and invertebrates.
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Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Balistform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionfish
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species #:19
Common Name: Maroon clownfish Scientific Name: Premnas biaculeatus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Pomacentridae
Geography / Habitat: Found in the Indo-Pacific from western Indonesia to Taiwan and the Great Barrier Reef
Life Strategy: They breed in pairs. Spanning can begin 1 to 12 months after the fish have settled into their new home. When the fish are ready to spawn, they become very aggressive. The male clownfish will dance up and down in front of the female (also known as “clownfish waggle”). They will also start to clean their selected rock by robustly biting it. The spawning itself usually occurs in the afternoon or early evening. Once the spawning is complete (within several hours) the male takes on responsibility for attending them, whereas the female acts as protector of the eggs and supervisor of her male.
Food / Feed Strategy: The Maroon Clownfish diet consists of meaty items such as frozen shrimp and herbivore preparations.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maroon_Clownfish
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species #:20
Common Name: Moon Wrasse Scientific Name: Thalassoma lunare Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Labridae
Geography / Habitat: Found in the Indo-Pacific oceans at depths of between 1 and 20 m. It has a tendency to stay at the coral reef and surrounding areas.
Life Strategy: They are protogynous hermaphrodites, all starting off as female and changing to male, a process which, for the moon wrasse, takes only ten days. Some, but not all moon wrasses live in groups consisted of a dominant male, and a "harem" of about a dozen other wrasses, some female and some male. During breeding season and before high tide, the alpha male turns completely blue, gathers up every single female, and the spawning frenzy begins.
Food / Feed Strategy: Moon wrasses are carnivorous and tend to prey on fish eggs and small invertebrates. These include various bristle worms, shrimp, young crabs, brittle stars, and even the occasional urchin.
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Body Form or Style: Juveniles are blue on the lower half of the body. They have a black spot in the middle of the dorsal fin and a black blotch on the caudal fin base. As they mature, the spot turns into a yellow crescent, hence the name. The body is green, with prominently marked scales. Coloration of the head ranges from blue to magenta, with a broken checkerboard pattern.
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Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_Wrasse
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species #:21
Common Name: Long-spine porcupine fish Scientific Name: Diodon holocanthus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Tetraodontiformes
Family: Diodontidae
Geography / Habitat: found in the tropical zones of major seas and oceans: In the Atlantic it is found from Florida and the Bahamas to Brazil and in the Eastern Atlantic from 30°N to 23°S, as well as around South Africa. In the western Indian Ocean from the southern Red Sea to Madagascar, Reunion and Mauritius. In the Pacific Ocean from southern Japan to Lord Howe Island and east to the Hawaiian and Easter islands. Also from southern California to Colombia and the Galapagos Islands
Life Strategy: Spawns at the surface at dawn or at dusk in pairs or in groups of males with a single female; the juveniles remain pelagic until they are at least 7 cm (3 in) long. Young and sub-adult fish sometimes occur in groups.
Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on mollusks, sea urchins, hermit crabs, snails, and crabs during its active phase at night.
•Body Form or Style: Pale in color with large black blotches and smaller black spots, these spots becoming fewer in number with age. Has many long, two-rooted depressible spines. Adults may reach 50 cm (20 in) in length. •Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform •Mouth Position: Terminal Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diodon_holocanthus
Title: Marine/Saltwater
Species #:22
Common Name: Foxface rabbitfish Scientific Name: Siganus vulpinus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Siganidae
Geography / Habitat: Indonesia, Vanuatu. The Foxface Rabbitfish is found in the Western Pacific, from approximately 30°N to 30°S. This is a reef associated species that inhabits lagoons and seaward reefs with prolific coral growth. It can be found down to a depth of 30 meters / 100 feet.
Life Strategy: Egg laying species. Foxface Rabbitfishes form pairs when they are about 10 cm / 4 in long. The pairs are believed to last until a partner dies.
Food / Feed Strategy: Omnivorous but enjoys algae and other marine plant life. From time-to-time, if hungry, it may nip at corals like Zoantharia (zoanthids and button polyps). Though not an obligate herbivore, the Foxface Rabbitfish does require algae in its diet. In captivity it can usually be coaxed into eating a combination of Mysis shrimp, sheets of dried seaweed and marine flake food containing algae.
Foxface Rabbitfish
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Body Form or Style: The Foxface Rabbitfish is a bright yellow medium-sized fish, usually attaining an average size of 23 cm (9 in) in length. The head and front portion of its body is striped black-brown and white. They retain this bright coloring throughout the day, and during the night or when stressed, like many other fishes, they have the ability to change into a mottled dark brown color Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Beak
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foxface_Rabbitfish
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species #:23
Common Name: Royal gramma Scientific Name: Gramma loreto Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Grammatidae
Geography / Habitat: Their natural range covers the Bahamas, Venezuela, Lesser Antilles, Bermuda, and through the waters surrounding Central America and the northern part of South America. The royal gramma tends to swim more towards the bottom with the depth range between one and 60 m (3 and 20 ft.). Life Strategy: Although pairs are difficult to find because the difference between male and female is not visible, they are very easy to breed. With males usually being larger than females, the male will build the nest among rocks using pieces of algae. The male will then lead the female to the next, where she will deposit 20-100 eggs in the nest. During the breeding period, this behavior is repeated almost every day for a month or longer. The eggs are about 1 mm (0.04 in) and are equipped with small protuberances over the surface with tiny threads extending from them. These threads hold onto the algae of the nest and keep the eggs in place. The eggs will hatch in five to seven days, normally in the evening, and can feed on rotifers until they are large enough to consume newly hatched brine shrimp. Food / Feed Strategy: The royal gramma is a planktivore, eating mostly zooplankton and crustaceans. It will also accept frozen and meaty foods, such as brine shrimp and mysid shrimp in the wild. The royal gramma is very easy to feed; but rotating their foods is said to keep them from becoming picky
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Body Form or Style: Dark purple starting at the head which fades midbody to yellow at the tail. The royal gramma will also have a small black spot on the front of the dorsal fin and a black line that streaks through the eye. It resembles the false gramma (Pictichromis paccagnellae), with the two main differences between the two being the false gramma has clear fins and does not fade, but rather has a distinct change in color. The royal gramma is relatively small, averaging slightly over 8 cm (3 inches) and has been tank bred. The largest royal gramma was measured at 8 cm (3.1 in). Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Gramma
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species#:24
Common Name: Squirrelfish Scientific Name: Holocentridae Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Beryciformes
Family: Holocentridae
Geography / Habitat: They are found in tropical parts of the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, with the greatest species richness near reefs in the Indo-Pacific.
Life Strategy: Squirrelfish, like many other marine organisms reproduce by external fertilization and do not provide any parental care. They typically have two breeding seasons per year.
Food / Feed Strategy: The squirrelfishes mainly feed on small fishes and benthic invertebrates.
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Body Form or Style: Most have a maximum length of 15–35 cm (6–14 in), but Sargocentron iota barely reaches 8 cm (3 in), and S. spiniferum and Holocentrus adscensionis can reach more than 50 cm (20 in). Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocentridae
Title: Saltwater/Marine
Species #:25
Common Name: Sohal surgeonfish Scientific Name: Acanthurus sohal Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Acanthuridae
Geography / Habitat: Environments in the Red Sea, up to at least 90 feet in depth. It is one of the most aggressive tangs, and combined with its large size for a tang, is a dominant fish along the Red Sea reef.
Life Strategy: Group spawner.
Food / Feed Strategy: They mostly eat vegetable matter but occasionally includes the flesh of other animals. Sohal tangs have been known to nip at clam mantles and soft large-polyp and small-polyp stony corals.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform. It has a horizontal, blade-like spine along the base of the tail on both sides, which folds into the fish, pointing anteriorly towards the head. During defense and aggression, tangs flick the spine at other fish or intruders, causing physical harm. The surgeonfish are named for this scalpel-like spine.
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Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Beak/Tubular
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthurus_sohal
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #:26
Common Name: African jewelfish Scientific Name: Hemichromis bimaculatus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Cichlidae
Geography / Habitat: The African jewelfish's origin is in Africa, hence its name. They are found in high numbers in the rivers of west Africa, but have also spread to areas of the Middle East, such as Iran, and also to parts of South America. Just recently, they have been discovered in areas of North America around the Gulf Coast, in states such as Florida and Alabama.
Life Strategy: When the African jewelfish is ready to breed, females will turn a deep red color to let the male know. The male and female will bond or jaw lock and the male will release sperm on the eggs. The female will then lay the eggs on a flat surface. The female will protect her eggs and will kill anything that comes in close proximity. In a couple of days the eggs will hatch and the female will still protect them. The female can reproduce every three weeks. Jewel fish are 3 to 4 to 10 cm long.
Food / Feed Strategy: The African Jewelfish are omnivorous. They feed on insects, crustaceans, and Caridina. Caridina are associated with shrimps and prawns. African Jewelfish can also eat some plants, such as algae and other weeds, as well as debris. When in captivity, African jewelfish can live on a varied diet of commercial frozen, live, flakes, and pellets as they usually accept mostly all forms of fish food. They also eat algae wafers and shrimp pellets.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform. Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Beak
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_jewelfish
Title: Freshwater Fish
Species #:27
Common Name: Bala shark Scientific Name: Balantiocheilos melanopterus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. Bala sharks are found in midwater depths in large and medium-sized rivers and lakes.
Life Strategy: Bala Sharks scatter their eggs and fertilize them externally
Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on phytoplankton, but mostly on small crustaceans, rotifers, and insects and their larvae.
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Body Form or Style: These fish have a silver body with black margins on their dorsal, caudal, anal, and pelvic fins. They have big eyes to find and catch their prey. The Bala shark will grow to a maximum length of 35 cm (14 in). Fusiform. Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal/Subterminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala_shark
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #:28
Common Name: Siamese Fighting Fish Scientific Name: Betta splendens Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Osphronemidae
Geography / Habitat: Siam and Malaya (now Thailand and Malaysia)
Life Strategy: The act of spawning itself is called a "nuptial embrace", for the male wraps his body around the female; around 10–40 eggs are released during each embrace, until the female is exhausted of eggs. The male, in his turn, releases milt into the water, and fertilization takes place externally
Food / Feed Strategy: Siamese fighting fish have upturned mouths and are primarily carnivorous surface feeders, although some vegetable matter may be eaten. In the wild, they feed on zooplankton, crustaceans, the larvae of mosquitoes and other water bound insect larvae. Typically, commercial betta pellets are a combination of mashed shrimp meal, wheat flour, fish meal, brine shrimp, bloodworms, and vitamins. These fish will also eat live or frozen bloodworms, mosquito larvae, brine shrimp, daphnia, small freshwater shrimp, and small fishes.
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Body Form or Style: Depressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siamese_Fighting_Fish
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 29
Common Name: Bronze corydoras Scientific Name: Corydoras aeneus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Callichthyidae
Geography / Habitat: South America on the eastern side of the Andes, from Colombia and Trinidad to the Río de la Plata basin.
Life Strategy: Bronze cories have a unique method of insemination. When these fish reproduce, the male will present his abdomen to the female. The female will attach her mouth to the male's genital opening, creating the well-known "T-position" many Corydoras exhibit during courtship. The female will then drink the sperm. The sperm rapidly moves through her intestines and is discharged together with her eggs into a pouch formed by her pelvic fins. The female can then swim away and deposit the pouch somewhere else alone.
Food / Feed Strategy: They are omnivores eating all flake and pelleted food and also live and frozen foods
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corydoras_aeneus
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #:30
Common Name: Cardinal tetra Scientific Name: Paracheirodon axelrodi Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Characiformes
Family: Characidae
Geography / Habitat: It is native to the upper Orinoco and Negro Rivers in South America.
Life Strategy: The cardinal tetra, in the wild, swims upstream in large numbers to parts of its native river habitat completely enclosed above by rainforest canopy. Such waters are subject to heavy shading by the rainforest trees, and virtually no sunlight reaches them. Here, the fishes spawn in large aggregations. In the aquarium, a single pair can be conditioned for breeding, but the breeding aquarium not only needs to contain water with the correct chemical parameters cited above, but the breeding aquarium also needs to be heavily shaded to mimic the low light conditions of the fish's native spawning grounds.
Food / Feed Strategy: It will eat absolutely any food: flake, frozen, freeze-dried or live.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform. The species exists in a number of different color forms or phenotypes. A "gold" and "silver-blonde" form exist in the Rio Negro drainage which has less blue in the longitudinal stripe. The normal form from the Rio Negro drainage has a blue stripe which extends to the adipose fin, while the Orinoco drainage phenotype has a stripe which stops posterior to the adipose Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_Tetra
Title: Freshwater
Species #: 31
Common Name: Cherry barb Scientific Name: Puntius titteya Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: It is native to Sri Lanka, and introduced populations have become established in Mexico and Colombia
Life Strategy: When breeding, males swim just behind females, and chase away rival males. Adult cherry barbs will spawn 200 to 300 eggs and scatter them on plants and on the substrate. They tend to eat their eggs. The eggs hatch in 1 to 2 days and the fry will be free-swimming after 2 more days. After 5 weeks, the hatchlings will be about 1 cm long and easily identifiable as cherry barb.
Food / Feed Strategy: Frozen or live foods.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform. The cherry barb is an elongated fish with a relatively compressed body. It is fawn-colored on top with a slight greenish sheen. Its sides and belly have gleaming silver highlights. A horizontal stripe (brownish black to deep bluish black) extends from the tip of the snout through the eye to the base of the caudal fin. Compressiform. Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puntius_titteya
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 32
Common Name: Goldfish Scientific Name: Carassius auratus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: China, United States, South America
Life Strategy: Goldfish may only grow to sexual maturity with enough water and the right nutrition. Most goldfish breed in captivity, particularly in pond settings. Breeding usually happens after a significant temperature change, often in spring. Males chase gravid female goldfish (females carrying eggs), and prompt them to release their eggs by bumping and nudging them.
Food / Feed Strategy: In the wild, the diet of goldfish consists of crustaceans, insects, and various plant matters. Like most fish, they are opportunistic feeders and do not stop eating on their own accord.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldfish
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #:33
Common Name: Koi Scientific Name: Cyprinus carpio haematopterus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: Central Europe and Asia Life Strategy: An egg-layer, a typical adult female can lay 300,000 eggs in a single spawn. Although carp typically spawn in the spring, in response to rising water temperatures and rainfall, carp can spawn multiple times in a season. In commercial operations, spawning is often stimulated using a process called hypophysation, where lyophilized pituitary extract is injected into the fish. The pituitary extract contains gonadotropic hormones which stimulate gonad maturation and sex steroid production, ultimately promoting reproduction
Food / Feed Strategy: They are omnivorous. They can eat a herbivorous diet of water plants, but prefer to scavenge the bottom for insects, crustaceans (including zooplankton), crawfish, and benthic worms.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koi
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 34
Common Name: Zebra fish Scientific Name: Danio rerio Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: The zebrafish is native to the streams of the southeastern Himalayan region, and is found in parts of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Burma. The species arose in the Ganges region in eastern India, and commonly inhabits streams, canals, ditches, ponds, and slow-moving or stagnant water bodies, including rice fields. Zebrafish have been introduced to parts of the United States, presumably by deliberate release or by escape from fish farms. Life Strategy: The approximate generation time for Danio rerio is three to four months. A male must be present for ovulation and spawning to occur. Females are able to spawn at intervals of two to three days, laying hundreds of eggs in each clutch. Upon release, embryonic development begins; absent sperm, growth stops after the first few cell divisions. Fertilized eggs almost immediately become transparent, a characteristic that makes D. rerio a convenient research model species Food / Feed Strategy: Zebrafish are omnivorous, primarily eating zooplankton, insects, insect larvae, and phytoplankton, although they can eat a variety of other foods, such as worms and small crustaceans, if their preferred food sources are not readily available.[
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebrafish
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #:35
Common Name: Black Angel Fish Scientific Name: Parma alboscapularis Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Pomacentridae
Geography / Habitat: Found around northeastern New Zealand to depths of a few meters, over shallow rocky reef areas. Its length is between 24 and 28 cm. Life Strategy: When the female Black Angelfish does choose a spot, the male performs a rather odd courting dance. It only takes about 3 days before the eggs hatch and you will see the newborn fry. Food / Feed Strategy: They should be fed newly hatched brine shrimp until they are able to eat flake foods. Once they grow bigger they develop an omnivorous diet including vegetables and meaty foods. Brine Shrimp and Bloodworms along with flake food is acceptable as well.
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Body Form or Style: Depressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Beak
Citation: http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=830+879+976&pcatid=976 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand_black_angelfish
Title: Freshwater Fish
Species #: 36
Common Name: White Cloud Mountain minnow Scientific Name: Tanichthys albonubes Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: Native to China
Life Strategy: Males will attempt to attract females by displaying their fins, often alongside one another. White Clouds are egg-scatterers, dropping their eggs freely amongst the vegetation. They do not generally cannibalize their offspring.
Food / Feed Strategy: White cloud mountain minnows are omnivores, and need a diet rich in both plant and animal matter. Being omnivorous, there is a very wide diversity of what they can eat. -Algae wafers, bloodworms, Brine shrimp, Mosquito larvae.
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Body Form or Style: Taeniform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Cloud_Mountain_minnow
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #:37
Common Name: Swordfish Scientific Name: Xiphias gladius Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Xiphiidae
Geography / Habitat: These fish are found widely in tropical and temperate parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, and can typically be found from near the surface to a depth of 550 m (1,800 ft.). They commonly reach 3 m (9.8 ft.) in length, and the maximum reported is 4.55 m (14.9 ft.) in length and 650 kg (1,400 lb.) in weight. Life Strategy: Large females can carry more eggs than small females, and between 1 million to 29 million eggs have been recorded. The pelagic eggs measure 1.6–1.8 mm (0.063–0.071 in) in diameter and 2 ½ days after fertilization the embryonic development occurs. The surface-living and unique-looking larvae are 4 mm (0.16 in) long at hatching. The bill is evident when the larvae reach 1 cm (0.39 in) in length.
Food / Feed Strategy: Swordfish feed daily, most often at night when they rise to surface and nearsurface waters in search of smaller fish. They have been observed moving through schools of fish, thrashing their swords to kill or stun their prey and then quickly turning to consume their catch. In the western North Atlantic, squid is the most popular food item consumed. But fish, such as menhaden, mackerel, bluefish, silver hake, butterfish, and herring also contribute to the swordfish diet.
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Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swordfish#Reproduction http://seagrant.gso.uri.edu/factsheets/swordfish.html
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #:38
Common Name: Skunk Cory Cat Scientific Name: Corydoras arcuatus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Callichthyidae
Geography / Habitat: Native to the Rio Unini, a whitewater area of the Rio Negro River in Brazil, the Skunk or Sands' Cory appreciates water currents more so than other members of the Corydoras genus. In the home aquarium they do best in sandy substrates surrounded by areas of moss, ferns, and other plants.
Life Strategy: The female holds 2-4 eggs between her pelvic fins, where the male fertilizes them for about 30 seconds. Only then does the female swim to a suitable spot, where she attaches the very sticky eggs. The pair repeats this process until about 100 eggs have been fertilized and attached.
Food / Feed Strategy: They are foraging omnivores and will accept most sinking dried foods, as well as small live and frozen varieties such as bloodworm, Tubifex, etc.
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Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/corydoras-arcuatus/ www.liveaquaria.com › Freshwater Fish › Cory (Corydoras) Catfish
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #:39
Common Name: Black Molly Scientific Name: Poecilia sphenops Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Family: Poeciliidae
Geography / Habitat: Black Mollies can be found in parts of Columbia, Mexico and Venezuela, though some have also been found in the Caribbean islands.
Life Strategy: They will carry the eggs after spawning and give birth to live fry. Gestation period is typically between 6-8 weeks.
Food / Feed Strategy: The black molly is an algae eater.
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Body Form or Style: Depressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Beak
Citation: http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=830+1101+2089&pcatid=208 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poecilia_sphenops http://www.talkfishy.com/resources/fish-photos/livebearers/526-black-molly
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 40
Common Name: Scientific Name: Thayeria boehlkei Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Characiformes
Family: Characidae
Geography / Habitat: This South American species inhabits several river systems of Peru and Western Brazil, and the Amazon basin.
Life Strategy: Females when ready to spawn have a very distended belly due to the large number of eggs. The eggs hatch in less than a day and the fry are very small and need to be fed the smallest of foods available.
Food / Feed Strategy: The species feeds on worms, small insects, flake food and crustaceans.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Subterminal
Citation: http://badmanstropicalfish.com/profiles/profile36.html http://www.penguinandfish.blogspot.com/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thayeria_boehlkei
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 41
Common Name: Bleeding Heart Tetra Scientific Name: Hyphessobrycon erythrostigma Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Characiformes
Family: Characidae
Geography / Habitat: The natural distribution is described as the Upper Amazon River basin.
Life Strategy: It can be sexed by the extended dorsal and anal fins and brighter colors of the male, but it is still best to buy a group and let them pair off because the tetra seems to breed more readily when it can choose its mates.
Food / Feed Strategy: The Bleeding Heart Tetra will accept many small foods such as brine shrimp or daphnia, freeze-dried bloodworms and tubifex, micro pellet food, and a high quality flake food.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Beak
Citation: http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=830+890+906&pcatid=906 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyphessobrycon_erythrostigma http://www.fishchannel.com/fishspecies/freshwater-profiles/bleeding-heart-tetra-2.aspx
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 42
Common Name: Boeseman's rainbowfish Scientific Name: Melanotaenia boesemani Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Atheriniformes
Family: Melanotaeniidae
Geography / Habitat: Ayamaru Lakes and their tributaries in a mountainous region of the Bird's Head Peninsula, West Papua, Indonesia. Life Strategy: Rainbow fish normally spawn during early morning. The male will pick out a spawning place in the aquarium and court the female by swimming rapidly back and forth in front of the spot to attract her. He will keep his dorsal and anal fins fully erect to look as strong and dazzling as possible. It is common for courting males to display an intensely dark fin margins, and many species will also be decorated with a neon stripe on the forehead. The female can watch him swim back and forth for several minutes before she decides if she wants to go to the spawning place. Sometimes the male can be seen nudging the female near her pelvic base now and then for a period of up to five minutes, before the actually spawning starts. During spawning, the two fishes will take up position next to each other with their heads pointing in the same direction. While the eggs are released, both fishes will tremble forcefully. Healthy and well-fed rainbow fishes are capable of laying eggs almost every day during the breeding period. Food / Feed Strategy: Unfussy and will accept most dried, frozen and live foods. Regular feedings of the latter will help to ensure the fish exhibit their best colours.
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Body Form or Style: Depressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Beak
Citation: http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=830+886+1053&pcatid=1053 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeseman's_rainbowfish http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/rainbowfish/breeding.php
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 43
Common Name: Red Cap Oranda Goldfish Scientific Name: Carassius auratus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: The Goldfish originally came from parts of Asia, Japan, and China but now enjoys worldwide distribution due to controlled breeding programs.
Life Strategy: Breeding often results in up to 1,000 eggs, with fry hatching in five to six days.
Food / Feed Strategy: Goldfish are omnivorous, and will eat all types of dried and live foods.
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Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform Mouth Position: Beak
Citation: http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=830+835+853&pcatid=853 http://animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/goldfish/RedcapOranda.php
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 44
Common Name: Black Moor Goldfish Scientific Name: Carassius auratus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: : Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: China, Japan, different parts of the world but to breeding.
Life Strategy: When goldfish are ready to mate a “spawning chase” occurs, the male will swim at the abdomen of the female for several hours. When the female is ready she will release her eggs in batches. These eggs will be fertilized immediately by the male, when he sprays milt on them. It is possible for a female in her prime to lay anywhere between 500 and a thousand eggs. Food / Feed Strategy: They are omnivores. They will eat all types of dried and live foods.
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Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Moor http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Moor
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 45
Common Name: Amiet's Lyretail Scientific Name: Fundulopanchax amieti Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Geography / Habitat: Africa: Lower Sanaga system, western Cameroon.
Life Strategy: The eggs hatch after 5 weeks. This species only produce a small number of eggs.
Food / Feed Strategy: They eat larvae. Mostly mosquito larvae.
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Body Form or Style: Taeniform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/amietslyretail.php http://www.fishbase.us/summary/Fundulopanchax-amieti.html
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 46
Common Name: Neon Blue Dwarf Gourami Scientific Name: Colisa lalia Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Osphronemidae
Geography / Habitat: The dwarf gourami originally came from South Asia; it originates from Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. However, it has also been widely distributed outside of its native range. This fish inhabits slow-moving streams, rivulets, and lakes with plenty of vegetation. Life Strategy: The male builds a floating bubble nest in which the eggs are laid. Unlike other bubble nest builders, males will incorporate bits of plants, twigs, and other debris, which hold the nest together better. Once the nest had been built the male will begin courting the female, usually in the afternoon or evening. He signals his intentions by swimming around the female with flared fins, attempting to draw her to the nest where he will continue his courting display. If the female accepts the male she will begin swimming in circles with the male beneath the bubble nest. When she is ready to spawn she touches the male on either the back or the tail with her mouth. Upon this signal the male will embrace the female, turning her first on her side and finally on her back. At this point the female will release approximately five dozen clear eggs, which are immediately fertilized by the male. Most of the eggs will float up into the bubble nest. Eggs that stray are collected by the male and placed in the nest. Once all the eggs are secured in the nest, the pair will spawn again. Food / Feed Strategy: A varied diet is very important to the dwarf gourami, which is an omnivore that prefers both algae-based foods and meaty foods. An algae-based flake food, along with freeze-dried bloodworms, tubifex, and brine shrimp, will provide these fish with proper nutrition.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_gourami
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 47
Common Name: Orange Sunshine Guppy Scientific Name: Poecilia reticulata Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Family: Poeciliidae
Geography / Habitat: Native to Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Brazil, Guyana, Jamaica, the Netherlands Antilles, Trinidad and Tobago, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Venezuela.
Life Strategy: The gestation period of a guppy is 21–30 days, with an average of 28 days, varying according to water temperature. Males possess a modified tubular anal fin, the gonopodium, located directly behind the ventral fin, which is flexed forward and used as a delivery mechanism for one or more balls of spermatozoa. The male will approach a female and will flex his gonopodium forward before thrusting it into her and ejecting these balls. After the female guppy is inseminated, dark areas near the anus, known as the gravid spot, will enlarge and darken. Just before birth, the eyes of fry may be seen through the translucent skin in this area of the female's body. When birth occurs, individual offspring are dropped in sequence over the course of an hour or so. The female guppy has drops of between 2 and 50 fry at a time, typically ranging between 5 and 30. After giving birth, the female is ready for conception again within only a few hours. Guppies have the ability to store sperm up to a year, so the females can give birth many times without depending on the presence of a male. Food / Feed Strategy: Guppies are omnivores and will eat algae-based flake food, freeze-dried bloodworms, tubifex, brine shrimp, and flakes. Also will eat small parts of fresh earthworms and whole parts of bloodworms. They also like to eat some blanched vegetables like courgette, cucumber or lettuce. Algae wafers are also good to provide variety in the diet.
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Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Beak
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guppy
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 48
Common Name: Blue Botia Scientific Name: Yasuhikotakia modesta Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Botiidae
Geography / Habitat: In the wild, it comes from large rivers in Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam
Life Strategy: Between November and March each year whereas from May to July it migrates in the opposite direction as waters rise once more. It thus enters flooded areas to spawn at the onset of the wet season, with eggs and fry dispersed into flooded zones of southern Cambodia and the Mekong delta region.
Food / Feed Strategy: They are omnivorous, but prefer a meat-intensive diet of krill, bloodworms, Daphnia, earthworms and live insects.
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Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/yasuhikotakia-modesta/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasuhikotakia_modesta
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 49
Common Name: Green swordtail Scientific Name: Xiphophorus hellerii Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Family: Poeciliidae
Geography / Habitat: It has caused ecological damage because of its ability to rapidly reproduce in high numbers. Feral populations have established themselves in southern Africa, including Natal, Hawaii, Madagascar and eastern Transvaal in South Africa and Otjikoto Lake in Namibia. Significant populations have also established themselves along the east coast of Australia
Life Strategy: Firstly, the male fertilizes the female with the gonopodium. The male inserts his sperms into the female. Unusually though, the females are able to save some sperms for later fertilization. The fry grow in the female where they consume the yolk stores. The female’s pregnancy can be identified by the dark body in front of the anal fin. Young swordtails are bigger than other fry of non-live-bearer fishes. They immediately swim and can hide before predators. They also grow quickly and can eat flakes soon after birth. Food / Feed Strategy: Omnivorous, its diet includes plants and small crustaceans, insects, and annelid worms.
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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Subterminal
Citation: http://www.aqua-fish.net/show.php?h=swordtail http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_swordtail
Title: Freshwater Fishes
Species #: 50
Common Name: Marble Hatchet Scientific Name: Carnegiella strigata Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Characiformes
Family: Gasteropelecidae
Geography / Habitat: Native to South America. Marbled hatchetfish are adapted to life in the Amazonian rivers as they resemble a dead leaf floating sideways on the surface of a body of water. Life Strategy: The Marbled Hatchetfish will go through a long courtship after which the female will deposit eggs on plants and roots. The parents should be removed after spawning. The fry will hatch after 30 hours and become free swimming in 5 days. They must be fed finely powdered flake food or similar baby fish foods for the first 2 or three days but will eat baby brine thereafter.
Food / Feed Strategy: They are omnivores and prefer a varied diet, including live or frozen food, and vegetables. However, they will not swim to the bottom to eat so all food must float.
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Body Form or Style: Depressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Balistiform Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marbled_hatchetfish http://animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/characins/marblehatchet.php#Breeding%20/%20Reproduction
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrate
Species #: 51
Common Name: Margarita Snail Scientific Name: Margarites pupillus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Archaeogastropoda
Family: Trochidae
Geography / Habitat: The Margarita snail lives in the Indo-Pacific, deep down where the temperature is comparatively low. The Margarita snail is found on rocks and sand in the wild. It is a nocturnal species that prefers to stay hidden during the day.
Life Strategy: The Margarita snail reproduced sexually. The male and the female snail release eggs and sperm into the water where fertilization takes place.
Food / Feed Strategy: The Margarita snail is an herbivorous snail that feeds on phytoplankton, including cyanobacteria / blue-green algae, brown and green diatoms, and hair algae / filamentous algae.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position: Terminal
Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/SwSnails/Margarita.php
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrate
Species #: 52
Common Name: Greater blue-ringed octopus Scientific Name: Hapalochlaena lunulata Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Order: Octopoda
Family: Octopodidae
Geography / Habitat: Found in Australian waters, the range of the greater blue-ringed octopus spans the tropical western Pacific Ocean.
Life Strategy: These octopus begin to reproduce when they are less than a year old. Sexes are separate. An interested male typically pounces on a female (and often other males) and tries to insert his hectocotylus into the female’s mantle cavity while holding onto her mantle. During the initial pounce by the male, the female may display her bright blue rings. If the male succeeds, he releases spermatophores into her mantle cavity. Shortly after mating, the female lays 50-100 eggs. Studies have shown that the eggs contain venom. The female broods the eggs under her mantle in a cluster on her arms. for about 30 days. She usually does not eat during the brooding period. The eggs hatch into 4 mm long planktonic “paralarva”. The larvae swim freely in the ocean for about a month gaining weight. They then settle to the ocean floor where they live out their life span. The female dies shortly after the eggs hatch.
Food / Feed Strategy: The greater blue-ringed octopus eats mostly crustaceans such as crabs and shrimp.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_blue-ringed_octopus http://www.aquariumofpacific.org/onlinelearningcenter/print/greater_blue_ringed_octopus1
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrate
Species #: 53
Common Name: Necklace Starfish or Tiled Starfish Scientific Name: Fromia monilis Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Asteroidea
Order: Valvatida
Family: Goniasteridae
Geography / Habitat: It lives in shallow water in rocky environment, at a depth of 0 - 51 m. This species can be found in the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific, from the Andaman islands up to Australia and Japan.
Life Strategy: •Most have opposite sexes that spawn by the synchronized release of eggs and sperm, where fertilization takes place in the water and the eggs hatch into free-swimming larvae that drift as plankton for days or weeks before coming to settle on the ocean floor and transform into juveniles.
Food / Feed Strategy: It feeds on encrusting sponges, detritus or small invertebrates.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://saltaquarium.about.com/od/starfishcare/a/aastarfishfamilyinfo.htm
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrate
Species #: 54
Common Name: Burgundy Sea Star Scientific Name: Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Asteroidea
Order: Valvatida
Family: Ophidiasteridae
Geography / Habitat: The Linkia species originates from the Indo-Pacific region including Tonga and Fiji. Life Strategy: Starfish are capable of both sexual and asexual reproduction. Individual starfish are male or female. Fertilization takes place externally, both male and female releasing their gametes into the environment. Resulting fertilized embryos form part of the zooplankton. Starfish are developmentally (embryologically) known as deuterostomes. Their embryo initially develops bilateral symmetry, indicating that starfish probably share a common ancestor with the chordates, which includes the fish. Later development takes a very different path however as the developing starfish settles out of the zooplankton and develops the characteristic radial symmetry. Some species reproduce cooperatively, using environmental signals to coordinate the timing of gamete release; in other species, one to one pairing is the norm. Some species of starfish also reproduce asexually by fragmentation, often with part of an arm becoming detached and eventually developing into an independent individual starfish. This has led to some notoriety. Food / Feed Strategy: The Linkia species eats detritus and phytoplankton, mainly Film Algae.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=497+528+566&pcatid=566 http://www.freshmarine.com/burgundy-linckia-sea-star.html http://www.thereeftank.com/forums/f6/sea-star-dropping-legs-106614.html
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrates
Species #: 55
Common Name: Blue Velvet Nudibranch Scientific Name: Chelidonura varians Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: (unranked): clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura clade Euopisthobranchia clade Cephalaspidea
Family: Aglajidae
Geography / Habitat: This cephalaspidean is found in the Southwestern Pacific Ocean from Indonesia and Australia to Fiji.
Life Strategy: Spawning occurs regularly when more than one of this species is maintained together.
Food / Feed Strategy: This specialized eater will consume flatworms in the aquarium. It sucks up the flatworms using a tube-like proboscis and makes a great natural alternative for flatworm control.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelidonura_varians http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=497+524+2198&pcatid=2198
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrates
Species #: 56
Common Name: Pink tipped anemone Scientific Name: Condylactis gigantea Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Order: Actiniaria
Family: Actiniidae
Geography / Habitat: It is found in coral reefs and other shallow inshore areas in the Caribbean Sea – more specifically the West Indies – and the western Atlantic Ocean including southern Florida through the Florida Keys. Life Strategy: The giant Caribbean sea anemones' primary mating season is reported to be in late May; however, they may continue to reproduce at a low levels throughout the year. This anemone is generally dioecious but occasionally hermaphroditic. Fertilization produces a planula larva, which derives nutrients from yolk, thus larval death by starvation is unlikely, making dispersal an advantageous strategy to survival. The planula larva will settle on the benthos, develop a pedal disc, and then, eventually grow into a fully developed anemone.
Food / Feed Strategy: The giant Caribbean sea anemone is a macrophagous carnivore and feeds upon fish, mussels, shrimp, or any other similar organisms. It will not, however, go near any natural predators, such as red leg hermits.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_tipped_anemone
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrates
Species #: 57
Common Name: Sun Coral Scientific Name: Tubastrea Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Order: Scleractinia
Family: Dendrophylliidae
Geography / Habitat: Tubastrea is often found in deep waters, because they do not require sunlight for nourishment. They often colonize artificial surfaces, such as ship wrecks, for similar reasons.
Life Strategy: Like most coral, sun coral reproduces asexually. They are hermaphroditic, and produce planulae. These larvae live for up to two weeks, but usually colonize within 1 meter (3.3 ft) of the parent organism. They reproduce for approximately 1.5 years, growing about 3 cm² per year.
Food / Feed Strategy: Unlike most corals, Sun corals are not photosynthetic. Tubastrea do not host zooxanthellae,the symbiotic algae that provides energy to the coral via photosynthesis. Instead, they are heterotrophic, and extend long tentacles at night to catch passing zooplankton.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_coral
Title: Saltwater/Marie Invertebrates
Species #: 58
Common Name: Button Polyp Scientific Name: Zoanthus sociatus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Order: Zoanthidea
Family: Zoanthidae
Geography / Habitat: Found in the lower intertidal and upper subtidal zones on protected Caribbean reefs. It is a sessile, colonial organism. Life Strategy: Mainly asexual although sexual reproduction may happen as well. There is extratentacular budding, which is the creation of a new polyp from an old polyp, and fission, a new fragment in formed.The size of a fragment is also controlled by the increasing rate of mortality with decreasing fragment size. A colony is generally genetically the same. Even when a colony is sexually reproductive, a large proportion of polyps remain infertile, which demonstrates the greater importance of asexual reproduction and growth. Food / Feed Strategy: They obtain nearly half of their required energy from the zooxanthellae.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Button_polyp https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1T4ADSA_enUS444US451&q=button%20polyp&um=1&ie=UTF8&hl=en&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=o3JUcmPDZLa9ATumYGoAQ&biw=1024&bih=569&sei=aoCJUdbaLZO68wS0tIHQDw
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrates
Species #: 59
Common Name: Open Brain Coral Scientific Name: Trachyphyllia geoffroyi Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Order: Scleractinia
Family: Trachyphylliidae
Geography / Habitat: Open brain corals are found in the warm, shallow waters of the tropics.
Life Strategy: Open brain corals, like most other corals, are composed of colonies of genetically identical, anemone-like polyps. These polyps secrete calcium carbonate to create an exoskeleton that protects the body of the polyp. When the individual exoskeletons fuse together to construct a colony, they create a skeleton base for the coral as a whole. If all of the polyps in the colony should die, the calcium skeleton of the coral will be left behind.
Food / Feed Strategy: Open brain corals are nocturnal feeders and extend their stinging tentacles only in the evening and night hours. They do so to filter zooplankton, phytoplankton and any small organism that swims in the surrounding water to feed upon. Open brain corals are able to feed upon organisms such as small fish because the individual polyps work together to catch the pray with their stinging tentacles.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_brain_coral
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrates
Species #: 60
Common Name: Red Tree Sponge Scientific Name: Haliclona compressa Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Order: Haplosclerida
Family: Chalinidae
Geography / Habitat: It is found in southern Florida and the Caribbean Sea.
Life Strategy:
Food / Feed Strategy: The red tree sponge feeds on plankton and tiny organic particles suspended in the water. To do this, it draws in water through small pores called ostia, filters out particles in the choanocyte tissue and move it on through the spongocoel or central cavity before pumping it out through the osculi.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_tree_sponge
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrates
Species #: 61
Common Name: Staghorn coral Scientific Name: Acropora cervicornis Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Order: Scleractinia
Family: Acroporidae
Geography / Habitat: Staghorn coral is found throughout the Florida Keys, the Bahamas, the Caribbean islands and the Great Barrier Reef. This coral occurs in the western Gulf of Mexico, but is absent from U.S. waters in the Gulf of Mexico, as well as Bermuda and the west coast of South America. The northern limit is on the east coast of Florida, near Boca Raton. In the South-East Asia, it grows rapidly and abundantly in the reefs of the coasts of Sabah, Malaysia. Life Strategy: Sexual reproduction is via broadcast spawning of gametes into the water column once each year in August or September. Individual colonies are both male and female (simultaneous hermaphrodites) and will release millions of gametes. The coral larvae (planula) live in the plankton for several days until finding a suitable area to settle.
Food / Feed Strategy: It feeds on plankton and tiny organic particles suspended in the water.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staghorn_coral
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrates
Species #: 62
Common Name: Feather Duster Worms Scientific Name: Sabellidae Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Order: Canalipalpata
Family: Sabellidae
Geography / Habitat: They tend to be common in the intertidal zones around the world. Their oldest fossils are known from the Early Jurassic.
Life Strategy: Spawning
Food / Feed Strategy: Each radiole has paired side branches making a two-edged comb for filter feeding. Most species have a narrow collar below the head. The body segments are smooth and lack parapodia. The usually eight thoracic segments bear capilliaries dorsally and hooked chaetae (bristles) ventrally.
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Body Form or Style: N/A Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feather_duster_worm
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrate
Species #: 63
Common Name: Leaf plate montipora Scientific Name: Montipora capricornis Kingdom: Aimalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Order: Scleractinia
Family: Acroporidae
Geography / Habitat: Its found particularly in the Indian and Pacific oceans, as well as in reefs in the Red Sea. It usually inhabits the top half of the reef where photosynthesis can occur. Montipora capricornis will "branch out" from their foundation into an area with adequate sunlight.Also known as leaf coral vase coral and pagoda coral. It also lives in coral reefs and enjoys warm sunny temperatures.
Life Strategy: Spawning of gametes into the water column once each year
Food / Feed Strategy: At night, the polyps emerge from the skeleton to feed on plankton. The polyps are usually transparent with slight patches of color due to zooxanthellae, symbiotic algae living in the coral's tissue.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf_plate_montipora
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrates
Species #: 64
Common Name: Pom pom Crab Scientific Name: Lybia tessellata Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Family: Xanthidae
Geography / Habitat: Lybia tessellata is found in shallow water in the tropical Indo-Pacific region, its range extending from the Red Sea and the East African coast to Indonesia and New Guinea.
Life Strategy: The red eggs of Lybia tessellata are carried around on the female's abdomen where they are brooded
Food / Feed Strategy: It is an omnivore.
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Body Form or Style: N/A Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lybia_tessellata
Title: Saltwater/Marine Invertebrates
Species #: 65
Common Name: Hingebeak Prawn Scientific Name: Rhynchocinetes durbanensis Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Athropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Family: Rhynchocinetidae
Geography / Habitat: Found in the Indo-Pacific.
Life Strategy: Females carry from 267 to 1764 eggs, and the eggs take 9 days to hatch after spawning at a temperature of 29.2 °C (84.6 °F), or 18 days when the temperature is under 22.0 °C (71.6 °F).
Food / Feed Strategy: Females carry from 267 to 1764 eggs, and the eggs take 9 days to hatch after spawning at a temperature of 29.2 °C (84.6 °F), or 18 days when the temperature is under 22.0 °C (71.6 °F).
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Body Form or Style: N/A Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A Mouth Position:N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhynchocinetes_durbanensis
Title: Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #: 66
Common Name: Louisiana crawfish Scientific Name: Procambarus clarkii Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Athropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Family: Cambaridae
Geography / Habitat: Found along the Gulf Coast from northern Mexico to the Florida panhandle, as well as inland, to southern Illinois and Ohio.
Life Strategy: Procambarus clarkii normally reproduces sexually, but recent research suggests it may also reproduce by parthenogenesis.
Food / Feed Strategy: They eat insects, small fish, frog eggs, and dead plant.
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Body Form or Style: N/A Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A Mouth Position:N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procambarus_clarkii
Title: Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #: 67
Common Name: Great Pond Snail Scientific Name: Lymnaea stagnalis Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Unranked
Family: Lymnaeidae
Geography / Habitat: British Isles: Great Britain and Ireland, Canada (Alberta province,Ottawa valley),Cambodia ,Poland,Russia ,Sweden,Switzerland,Ukraine
Life Strategy: Simultaneously hermaphroditic species and can mate in the male and female role, but within one copulation only one sexual role is performed at a time
Food / Feed Strategy: It can attack and eat newts, small fishes, and water beetle larvae and may occasionally be cannibalistic, eating smaller great pond snails.
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Body Form or Style: N/A Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A Mouth Position:N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymnaea_stagnalis
Title: Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #: 68
Common Name: Zebra Nerite Snail Scientific Name: Neritina natalensis Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Unranked
Family: Neritidae
Geography / Habitat: This species occurs in Africa: in Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, South Africa, and Tanzania.
Life Strategy: Hermaphrodite which means they both male and female at the same time. If two snails mate them both become pregnant. they both go off and lay their eggs in the gravel or stuck to the plants in ponds. These are in the form of a lump of jelly. the young snails hatch after a few days and then start to breed very quickly.
Food / Feed Strategy: It eats algae.
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Body Form or Style: N/A Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neritina_natalensis
Title: Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #: 69
Common Name: Asian clam Scientific Name: Corbicula fluminea Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalva
Order: Veneroida
Family: Corbiculidae
Geography / Habitat: This species has been introduced into many parts of the world, including North America and Europe.
Life Strategy: Right after reaching maturity these clams produce eggs, followed by sperm. Even later, they produce eggs and sperm simultaneously. They can self-fertilize, and release up to 2,000 juveniles per day, and more than 100,000 in a lifetime.
Food / Feed Strategy: They eat plankton they filter it out of the water thats why the open and close slightly
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Body Form or Style: N/A Swim / Locomotion Style:N/A Mouth Position:N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corbicula_fluminea
Title: Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #: 70
Common Name: Sea-Monkeys Scientific Name: Brine Shrimp Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Branchiopoda
Order: Anostraca
Family: Artemiidae
Geography / Habitat: The brine shrimp Artemia comprises a group of eight species very likely to have diverged from an ancestral form living in the Mediterranean area about 5.5 million years ago. Life Strategy: Males differ from females by having the second antennae markedly enlarged, and modified into clasping organs used in mating.Adult female brine shrimp ovulate approximately every 140 hours. In favourable conditions, the female brine shrimp can produce eggs that almost immediately hatch. While in extreme conditions, such as low oxygen level or salinity above 150‰, female brine shrimp produce eggs with a chorion coating which has a brown colour. These eggs, also known as cysts, are metabolically inactive and can remain in total stasis for two years while in dry oxygen-free conditions, even at temperatures below freezing. This characteristic is called cryptobiosis, meaning "hidden life". While in cryptobiosis, brine shrimp eggs can survive temperatures of liquid air (−190 °C or −310 °F) and a small percentage can survive above boiling temperature (105 °C or 221 °F) for up to two hours. Once placed in briny (salt) water, the eggs hatch within a few hours. The nauplius larvae are less than 0.4 mm in length when they first hatch. Brine shrimp have a biological life cycle of one year. Food / Feed Strategy: In their first stage of development, Artemia nauplii do not feed but consume their own energy reserves stored in the cyst. Wild brine shrimp eat microscopic planktonic algae. Cultured brine shrimp can also be fed particulate foods including yeast, wheat flour, soybean powder or egg yolk.
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Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea-Monkeys http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brine_shrimp
Title: Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #: 71
Common Name: American tadpole shrimp Scientific Name: Triops longicaudatus Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Athropoda
Class: Branchiopoda
Order: Notostraca
Family: Triopsidae
Geography / Habitat: Its found in freshwater ponds and pools, often in places where few higher forms of life can exist.
Life Strategy: In females, the eleventh pair of legs is modified into egg sacs, where the eggs are carried for several hours. The eggs are released in batches, have a thick shell, and can stand freezing temperatures as well as drought, enabling the population to survive from one season to the next. The eggs have to dry out completely before being submerged in water again in order to hatch successfully; they may remain in a state of diapause for up to 20 years. These eggs may have helped Triops longicaudatus, as well as other notostracans, to survive the natural disasters that may have killed the dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
Food / Feed Strategy: Tadpole shrimps are omnivorous and may eat algae, insects, and other organic debris; they are known to chase very small fry, tadpoles, and oligochaete worms.
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Body Form or Style: N/A Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A Mouth Position:N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triops_longicaudatus
Title: Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #: 72
Common Name: Standard Ramshorn Snails Scientific Name: Planorbis Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Unranked
Family: Planorbidae
Geography / Habitat: The native range of this pond snail is from Europe to central Asia.
Life Strategy: Both male and female at the same time. If two snails mate them both become pregnant. they both go off and lay their eggs in the gravel or stuck to the plants in ponds. These are in the form of a lump of jelly. the young snails hatch after a few days and then start to breed very quickly.
Food / Feed Strategy: They eat algae.
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Body Form or Style: N/A Swim / Locomotion Style:N/A Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planorbarius_corneus
Title: Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #: 73
Common Name: Water Flea Scientific Name: Daphnia Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Athropoda
Class: Branchiopoda
Order: Cladocera
Family: Daphniidae
Geography / Habitat: They live in various aquatic environments ranging from acidic swamps to freshwater lakes, ponds, streams and rivers.
Life Strategy: They reproduce parthenogenetically usually in the spring until the end of the summer. One or more juvenile animals are nurtured in the brood pouch inside the carapace. Newly hatched Daphnia must molt several times before they are fully grown into adults, usually after about two weeks. The young are small copies of the adult; there are no true nymphal or instar stages.
Food / Feed Strategy: They’re filter feeders they fees on phytoplankton, algae, and other microscopic organisms.
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Body Form or Style:N/A Swim / Locomotion Style:N/A Mouth Position:N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daphnia
Title: Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #: 74
Common Name: Apple Snail Scientific Name: Marisa cornuarietis Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Unranked
Family: Ampullariidae
Geography / Habitat: It is widespread in northern South America, although the type locality is unknown.The giant ramshorn snail is native to northern South America and several of the southern islands of the Caribbean.
Life Strategy: A non-hermaphrodite, it lays eggs in characteristic disk-shape clutches, adhering to various substrates. Unlike some other apple snails, this snail lays its eggs below the waterline
Food / Feed Strategy: This species eats aquatic plants, algae, and dead fish and snails.
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Body Form or Style: N/A Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A Mouth Position: N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marisa_cornuarietis
Title: Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #: 75
Common Name: Red-rimmed melania Scientific Name: Melanoides tuberculata Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Unranked
Family: Thiaridae
Geography / Habitat: This species is native to subtropical and tropical northern Africa and southern Asia.
Life Strategy: Females can be recognized by their greenish coloured gonads while males have reddish gonads. Under good conditions, females will produce fertilised eggs that are transferred to a brood pouch where they remain until they hatch (parthenogenesis and viviparity)
Food / Feed Strategy: This snail feeds primarily on algae (microalgae).
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Body Form or Style: N/A Swim / Locomotion Style:N/A Mouth Position:N/A
Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanoides_tuberculata