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Contents

FOREWORD PREF ACE

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Predators, Pictures, and Policy 1 Media and Criminal Justice: A Forced Marriage

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The Blurring of Fact and Fiction 4 A Brief History of Crime-and-Justice Media Print Media Sound Media Visual Media

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6 10 11

New Media 13 Types of Content 15 Entertainment 15 Advertising 16 News

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Infotainment 19 Crime and Justice as a Mediated Experience

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Chapter Summary 27 Writing Assignments 28 Suggested Readings 2

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Social Constructionism

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The Social Construction of Crime and Justice The Sources of Social Knowledge 30

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viii Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.


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CONTENTS

Experienced Reality

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Symbolic Reality 31 Socially Constructed Reality

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The Social Construction Process and the Media The Concepts of Social Constructionism Claims Makers and Claims 34

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Frames 37 Narratives 41 Symbolic Crimes Ownership 43

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The Social Construction Process in Action

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Social Construction of Road Rage 45 Reconstruction of Driving Under the Influence

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Competing Constructions of the Arrest of Rodney King Social Constructionism and Crime and Justice 48

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Chapter Summary 50 Writing Assignments 50 Suggested Readings 51 Apago PDF Enhancer 3

Crime and Criminality

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Criminals, Crimes, and Criminality Criminals 53 Predatory Criminality Crime Victims Crimes 57

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White-Collar Crime 58 Criminological Theories and the Media Criminality in Today’s Media Criminogenic Media 66 Violent Media and Aggression Media and Criminal Behavior Copycat Crime 70

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64 67 69

Media-Oriented Terrorism 77 Criminogenic Infotainment 79 Chapter Summary

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Writing Assignments 82 Suggested Readings 82

Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.


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CONTENTS

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Crime Fighters

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Law Enforcement: A House Divided 84 Media Constructs of Professional Soldiers in the War on Crime 86 Lampooned Police 86 G-Men and Police Procedurals

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Cops 90 Police as Infotainment: “Who you gonna call?”

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Dusting for Saliva: The CSI Effect, Forensic Science, and Juror Expectations 95 Police and the Media 97 Media Constructs of Citizen Soldiers in the War on Crime Private Investigators 99 Private Citizens 99 Professional Versus Citizen Crime Fighters Chapter Summary

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Writing Assignments 104 Suggested Readings 104 5

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The Courts 105 Media, Infotainment, and The Courts

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Courts, Attorneys, and Evidence 106 Crime-Fighting Attorneys 107 Female Attorneys Media Trials 109 Media Trial Effects

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Merging Judicial News with Entertainment Live Television in Courtrooms 117

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Pretrial Publicity, Judicial Controls, and Access Pretrial Publicity 119

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Judicial Mechanisms to Deal with Pretrial Publicity

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Media Access to Government Information 125 Reporters’ Privilege and Shield Laws 125 The Courts as Twenty-First-Century Entertainment Chapter Summary 130

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Writing Assignments 131 Suggested Readings 131

Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.


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CONTENTS

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Corrections

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Historical Perspective 132 Sources of Correctional Knowledge Prison Films

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Correctional Television and Infotainment Corrections in the News 140 Corrections Portraits and Stereotypes Prisoners 149

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Correctional Institutions 150 Correctional Officers 150 The Primitive “Lost World” of Corrections

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Chapter Summary 153 Writing Assignments 153 Suggested Readings 7

Crime Control

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Media and Crime Control 155 Public Service Announcements Join the War on Crime

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Apago PDF Enhancer Victimization-reduction Ads 159 Citizen-cooperation Ads

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Case Processing Using Media Technology

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Judicial System Use 163 Law Enforcement Use 165 Surveillance 166 History and Issues

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Benefits and Concerns of Increased Surveillance Balancing Police Surveillance and Public Safety 1984: An Icon Before its Time

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Chapter Summary 178 Writing Assignments 178 Suggested Readings 8

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The Media and Criminal Justice Policy

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Slaying Make-Believe Monsters 180 Media Crime-and-Justice Tenets 181 The Backwards Law 182 Media’s Crime-and-Justice Ecology

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Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.


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CONTENTS

Immanent Justice Rules the Media

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Technology Enhances Crime Fighting 187 Real-World Crime and Justice Problems 188 Criminal Justice Policy and Media Research

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Crime on the Public Agenda 189 Beliefs and Attitudes about Crime 190 Crime-and-Justice Policies 191 The Social Construction of Crime-and-Justice Policy

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Chapter Summary 198 Writing Assignments 199 Suggested Readings 9

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Media and Crime and Justice in the Twenty-First Century 200 Crime-and-Justice Media Messages Media Anticrime Efforts 202

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Two Postulates of Media and Crime and Justice 204 Expanded Public Access to Criminal Justice Procedures 206 Mediated Reality 207 The Future of Crime-and-Justice Reality

Apago PDF Enhancer Spectacles

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Surveillance 211 Mediated Criminal Justice What You Have Learned Chapter Summary 217 Writing Assignments Suggested Readings

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218 218

GLOSSARY 219 NOTES 226 REFERENCES INDEX

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Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.


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