The History Of The Christian Church Volume 1, Philip Shaff 1819-1893

Page 136

CHAPTER IV

ST. PETER AND THE CONVERSION OF THE JEWS

and cousins as follows: 1. Children of Joseph from the first marriage, and older brothers of Jesus: a. James, the brother of the Lord, or Just, or Obliam. his is the one mentioned Matt. 13:55; Mark 6:3; Gal. 1:19; 2:9, 12; 1 Cor. 15:7; Acts 12:17, etc.; James 1:1 Jude 1:1, and in Josephus and Hegesippus. b. Jude, mentioned Matt. 13:55; Mark 6:3; Jude 1:1; Hegesippus in Eusebius’ Hist. Eccl. III. 19, 20, 32. From him were descended those two grandsons, bishops of different churches, who were presented to the emperor Domitian as descendants of David and relations of Jesus. Hegesippus in Euseb. III. 19, 20, 32 c. Other sons and daughters unknown. Matt. 13:56; Mark 6:3; 1 Cor. 9:5. 2. Children of Joseph (?) from the marriage with Mary: Jesus. 3. Children of Clopas, and cousins of Jesus, probably from the father’s side, since Clopas, according to Hegesippus, was a brother of Joseph, and may have married also a woman by the name of Mary (John 19:25). a. James the Little (ὁ μικρός), so called to distinguish him from his older cousin of that name. Mentioned Matt. 27:56; Mark 15:40; 16:1; Luke 24:10; otherwise unknown. b. Joses, Matt. 27:56; Mark 15:40, 47, but erroneously (?) numbered among the brothers of Jesus: Matt. 13:55; Mark 6:3; otherwise unknown. c. Symeon, the second bishop of Jerusalem (Hegesippus in Eus. III. 11, 22, 32; IV. 5, 22), also erroneously (?) put among the brothers of Jesus by Matt. 13:55; Mark 6:3. d. Perhaps other sons and daughters unknown. II. The description of James by Hegesippus (from Eusebius, H. E. II. 23).” Hegesippus also, who flourished nearest the days of the apostles, gives (in the fifth book of his Memorials) this most accurate account of him: “ ’Now James, the brother of the Lord, who (as there are many of this name) was surnamed the Just by all (ὁ ἀδελφός του Κυρίου Ιάκωβος ὁ ὀνομασθεὶς ὑπὸ πάντων δίκαιος), from the Lord’s time even to our own, received the government of the church with (or from) the apostles [μετα, in conjunctionwith,oraccordingtoanotherreading,παρὰτων απ̓ οστολ́ ων,whichwouldmoreclearly distinguish him from the apostles]. This man [οὑτοςnot this apostle] was consecrated from his mother’s womb. He drank neither wine nor strong drink, and abstained from animal food. No razor came upon his head, he never anointed himself with oil, and never used a bath [prob-

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ably the luxury of the Roman bath, with its sudatorium, frigidarium, etc., but not excluding the usual ablutions practised by all devout Jews]. He alone was allowed to enter the sanctuary [not the holy of holies, but the court of priests]. He wore no woolen, but linen garments only. He was in the habit of entering the temple alone, and was often found upon his bended knees, and interceding for the forgiveness of the people; so that his knees became as hard as a camel’s, on account of his constant supplication and kneeling before God. And indeed, on account of his exceeding great piety, he was called the Just [Zaddik] and Oblias [δίκαιος καὶ ὠβλίας, probably a corruption of the Hebrew Ophel am, Tower of the People], which signifies justice and the bulwark of the people (περιοχὴ του λαου) ; as the prophets declare concerning him. Some of the seven sects of the people, mentioned by me above in my Memoirs, used to ask him what was the door, [probably the estimate or doctrine] of Jesus? and he answered that he was the Saviour. And of these some believed that Jesus is the Christ. But the aforesaid sects did not believe either a resurrection, or that he was coming to give to every one according to his works; as many, however, as did believe, did so on account of James. And when many of the rulers also believed, there arose a tumult among the Jews, Scribes, and Pharisees, saying that the whole people were in danger of looking for Jesus as the Messiah. They came therefore together, and said to James: We entreat thee, restrain the people, who are led astray after Jesus, as though he were the Christ. We entreat thee to persuade all that are coming to the feast of the Passover rightly concerning Jesus; for we all have confidence in thee. For we and all the people bear thee testimony that thou art just, and art no respecter of persons. Persuade therefore the people not to be led astray by Jesus, for we and all the people have great confidence in thee. Stand therefore upon the pinnacle of the temple, that thou mayest be conspicuous on high, and thy words may be easily heard by all the people; for all the tribes have come together on account of the Passover, with some of the Gentiles also. The aforesaid Scribes and Pharisees, therefore, placed James upon the pinnacle of the temple, and cried out to him: “O thou just man, whom we ought all to believe, since the people are led astray after Jesus that was crucified, declare to us what is the door of Jesus that was crucified.” And he answered with a loud voice: “Why do ye ask me respecting Jesus the Son of Man? He is now sitting in the heavens, on the right hand of the great Power, and is about to come on the clouds of heaven.” And as many were confirmed, and gloried


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The Parousia Mary, Mary Quite Contrary

14min
pages 445-450

Trojan Warriors

3min
page 440

The Bierton Crisis

3min
page 438

The Everlasting Covenant

2min
page 436

The Cause of God And Truth, Part 1

1min
page 424

The Cause of God And Truth, Part II

3min
pages 425-426

The West And The Quran

2min
page 435

A Body of Practical Divinity , III, IV, V

3min
page 423

A Body of Doctrinal Divinity, V, VI

2min
page 421

A Body of Doctrinal Divinity II, II,IV

3min
page 420

FURTHER PUBLICATIONS A Body Of Doctrinal Divinity Book 1

3min
page 419

Index of German Words and Phrases

36min
pages 405-418

101. The Apocalypse

1hr
pages 377-390

Criticism

18min
pages 391-394

Index of Citations

22min
pages 399-404

100. The Epistle To The Hebrews

30min
pages 370-376

99. The Pastoral Epistles

17min
pages 366-369

97. The Epistle to the Philippians

9min
pages 362-363

Vindicated

13min
pages 359-361

98. The Epistle to Philemon

8min
pages 364-365

93. The Epistles of the Captivity

4min
page 352

95. The Epistle to the Ephesians

13min
pages 356-358

92. The Epistle to the Romans

4min
page 351

94. The Epistle to the Colossians

13min
pages 353-355

91. The Epistles to the Galatians

4min
page 350

89. The Epistles to the Thessalonians

4min
page 347

90. The Epistles to the Corinthians

8min
pages 348-349

88. The Epistles of Paul

13min
pages 344-346

87. The Catholic Epistles

12min
pages 341-343

85. The Acts of the Apostles

24min
pages 334-339

86. The Epistles

4min
page 340

Problem

22min
pages 329-333

83. John

1hr
pages 314-328

81. Mark

44min
pages 292-301

80. Matthew

26min
pages 286-291

82. Luke. Lucas

51min
pages 302-313

79. The Synoptists

44min
pages 275-285

77. Literature on the Gospels

8min
pages 268-269

78. The Four Gospels

20min
pages 270-274

76. Character of the New Testament

4min
page 267

75. Rise of the Apostolic Literature

4min
page 266

72. John and the Gospel of Love

31min
pages 256-262

Teaching

9min
pages 263-264

71. The Gentile Christian Theology

50min
pages 245-255

69. The Jewish Christian Theology

8min
pages 241-242

70. II. Peter and the Gospel of Hope

9min
pages 243-244

68. Different Types of Apostolic Teaching

4min
page 240

Christ

4min
page 237

67. Unity of Apostolic Teaching

3min
page 239

64. The Council at Jerusalem

8min
pages 235-236

62. Deacons and Deaconesses

4min
page 233

63. Church Discipline

4min
page 234

60. Apostles, Prophets, Evangelists

8min
pages 228-229

61. Presbyters or Bishops

13min
pages 230-232

to the Christian Community

7min
pages 226-227

57. Sacred Times—The Lord’s Day

8min
pages 223-224

51. The Synagogue

37min
pages 214-222

46. Christianity in Individuals

4min
page 208

49. Christianity and Society

4min
page 211

45. The Spiritual Gifts

8min
pages 206-207

43. Traditions Respecting John

4min
page 203

42. Apostolic Labors of John

13min
pages 200-202

41. Life and Character of John

22min
pages 195-199

Victory— Peter and Paul at Antioch

18min
pages 169-172

on the Christian Church

4min
page 191

Jerusalem. a.d. 70

21min
pages 186-190

36. Christianity in Rome

26min
pages 173-178

Christianity

35min
pages 161-168

33. Paul’s Missionary Labors

27min
pages 155-160

32. The Work of Paul

8min
pages 153-154

31. The Conversion of Paul

42min
pages 144-152

Fiction

22min
pages 124-128

of Peter

13min
pages 121-123

23. Chronology of the Apostolic Age

4min
page 107

30. Paul before his Conversion

21min
pages 139-143

Gentiles

4min
page 136

27. James the Brother of the Lord

30min
pages 129-135

Events In The Roman Empire

6min
pages 108-109

Concluding Reflections. Faith and

17min
pages 103-106

of the Apostolic Age

13min
pages 100-102

Colossians and Ephesians Compared and

12min
pages 97-99

21. General Character of the Apostolic Age

3min
page 96

18. Apocryphal Traditions

22min
pages 80-84

Heretical Perversions of the Apostolic

26min
pages 74-79

The Forty-Six Years of Building of Herod’s Temple

8min
pages 64-65

17. The Land and the People

27min
pages 68-73

The Lord’s Supper. 220

4min
page 56

The Christian Ministry, and its Relation

18min
pages 60-63

The Church and the Kingdom of

9min
pages 66-67

Baptism. 217

4min
page 55

The Several Parts of Worship. 215

4min
page 54

Christian Worship. 215

4min
page 53

13. Judaism and Heathenism in Contact

8min
pages 45-46

Spiritual Condition of the

3min
page 51

15. The Founder of Christianity

3min
page 52

12. Grecian Literature, and the Roman Empire

17min
pages 41-44

10. The Law, and the Prophecy

4min
page 37

Effects of the Destruction of Jerusalem

4min
page 40

The Roman Conflagration and the Neronian

4min
page 38

The Conservative Reaction, and the Liberal

4min
page 36

The Synod of Jerusalem, and the Compromise between Jewish and Gentile

4min
page 35

9. Judaism

8min
pages 33-34

7. Literature of Church History

12min
pages 20-22

3. Sources of Church History

4min
page 14

FROM THE PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION

4min
page 7

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

3min
page 10

1. Nature of Church History

4min
page 11

Schaff, Philip, History of the Christian Church (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1997. This material has been carefully compared, corrected and emended (according to the 1910 edition of Charles Scribner’s Sons) by The Electronic Bible Society, Dallas, TX, 1998.

1min
pages 2-3

PREFACE TO THIRD REVISION

3min
page 8
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