125
ROMAN ARCHITECTURE. Rectangular Examples At Spalato. The Taiiple of 59)-
{continued).
K.marks.
Oa/e. .-Esculap'iis
(No.
A.D. 300
(See page 161.)
^
The Great Temple i^o. S'i)The Temple of Jupiter (No. 53). At Palmyra. Th^ G>-eat Temple of the Sini.
A.D. 131-161 (See below.) (See page 130.) A.D. 273 ,
A.D. 273
rer.pteral
,
,
^ probably having attached ,
octastyle,
Corinthian,
,
bronze leaves.
The Temple of Mars Ultor, Rome (b.c. 42-2) (No. 52), by an stood in the Forum of Augustus, in a precinct surrounded
It was one of the largest Roman enclosing wall 100 feet high. three temples, having columns 58 feet in height, but there are only bemg latter the of capital the remaining, columns and a pilaster shown in No. 67 g. A short description is given on No. 52. The Temple of Venus and Rome (a.d. 123-135) (No. 50), had a peculiar plan consisting of two cellas, each provided with an It was apse placed back to back, and a pronaos at each end. pseudo-dipteral decastyle (No. 47"), the peristyle having twenty cokimns on the flanks, and the cella walls were of extra thickness Internally there were niches for to take the thrust of the vault. coffered statues, and the cella was crowned with a hemispherical gives on No. plan 47" The semi-domes. having vault, the apses that by the usually accepted restoration of this building, and This temple was raised Palladio is given on No. 50 a, b, c, d. on a platform and stood in a large enclosure, entered through imposing gateways, surrounded by a colonnade ot nearly 200 porphyry, of red and grey Egyptian granite and red
columns occupying
an area of about 540 by 340 feet. (a.d. 117-138) (Nos. 18 g, 50 h, was erected during the reign of Hadrian, and is J, K, and 51), It is of the the 'best preserved Roman temple in existence. with hexastyle, prostyle pseudo-peripteral typical form, being ori a Corinthian columns supporting a rich entablature, and raised only. steps of flight front a with provided high 12 feet podium about The so-called Temple of Diana, Nimes (No. 50 e, f, g), was probably a nympha;um connected with some thermae. The supporting a interior walls have detached Corinthian cokimns, thrust cornice from which springs a stone-ribbed barrel vault, the the over vaults continuous smaller by of which is counteracted vaulting of many side passages, probably a prototype of the southern French Romanesque churches. The Great Temple, Baalbec (a.d. 131-161) (No. 53), was It stood m dipteral decastyle, but only six columns now remain. of which front in porticos, recessed a court 380 feet square with portico was a hexagonal cortile entered by a dodecastyle Corinthian in all
The Maison Carree, Ntmes