BLEFARITIS Descriptor inlgles:
Blepharitis
Descriptor portugués: Blefarite Descriptor español:
Blefaritis
Inflamación de los parpados consiste en la inflamación del tejido que forma el párpado. Publicaciones: 10 years ESPECIES: Humanas LENGUAJES: English – Spanish SEXO: Male EDADES: Aged: 19-44 years Busqueda: ("blepharitis"[MeSH Terms] OR "blepharitis"[All Fields]) AND ("2003/07/10"[PDat] : "2013/07/06"[PDat] AND "humans"[MeSH Terms] AND (English[lang] OR Spanish[lang]) AND "adult"[MeSH Terms:noexp])
1.- Prevalence of ocular abnormalities in adults with Down syndrome in Hong Kong. Abstract This was a cross-sectional survey to find the prevalence of visual impairment and eye diseases among adults with Down syndrome (DS) in Hong Kong. METHODS: 91 DS patients over the age of 30 were recruited through the Hong Kong Down Syndrome Association. Each patient was provided with a complete ophthalmological assessment including best corrected visual acuity, refraction, slit lamp and fundus examination. RESULTS:
In our sample, 56.6% had normal vision to mild vision impairment, 33.7% and 7.2% had moderate and severe vision impairment, respectively, and 2.4% were blind. The mean presenting distant LogMAR visual acuity was 0.66 (Snellen equivalent 20/90), and the best corrected LogMAR visual acuity was 0.48 (Snellen equivalent 20/60). Significant refractive errors were found in 86.3% of the eyes, with spherical equivalent corrections ranging from -23.25D to +3.00D. Myopia and astigmatism were prevalent and found in 59.3% and 72.7% of the eyes, respectively. Blepharitis and chalazion were found in 44% of the eyes, while corneal problems were present in 27.5%. There were low incidences of infective keratitis (0.5%), keratoconus (0.5%) and Brushfield spots (1.1%). Cataracts were found in 72.2% of the eyes; 26.1% were congenital and 44.9% were age-related. Fundal abnormalities were present in 49.5% of the eyes. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of vision impairment among Chinese DS adults. Uncorrected refractive errors, high myopia and cataracts are the main visually debilitating ophthalmological abnormalities. Vision may be improved through the simple use of glasses and early treatment of age-related cataracts.
2.- Post-intravitreal anti-VEGF endophthalmitis in the United Kingdom: incidence, features, risk factors, and outcomes. Abstract PURPOSE: To describe the incidence, features, management, and risk factors of post-intravitreal anti-VEGF endophthalmitis (PIAE) in patients undergoing treatment for exudative age-related macular degeneration in the United Kingdom. METHODS: Prospective observational case control study. Forty-seven cases of PIAE were identified through the British Ophthalmological Surveillance Unit from January 2009 to March 2010. Data collected at diagnosis and at 6 months follow-up included patient demographics, intravitreal injection details, pre- and post-injection management, visual acuity, clinical features and management of PIAE, causative organisms, and clinical outcomes. Details were compared with 200 control cases from 10 control centres to identify potential risk factors. RESULTS: Estimated PIAE was 0.025%. Culture-positive PIAE incidence was 0.015%. Mean age of presentation was 78 years. Mean number of intravitreal injections before PIAE was 5. Mean days to presentation was 5 (range 1-39). Positive microbiology culture was found in 59.6%. The majority of causative organisms were Gram positive (92.8%). Significant risk factors were failure to administer topical antibiotics immediately after the injection (P=0.001), blepharitis (P=0.006), subconjunctival anaesthesia (P=0.021), patient squeezing during the injection (P=0.021), and failure to administer topical antibiotics before anti-VEGF injection (P=0.05). DISCUSSION: The incidence of PIAE in the United Kingdom is comparable to other studies at a rate of 0.025%. The most common causative organisms were Gram positive. Measures to minimise the risk of PIAE include treatment of blepharitis before injection, avoidance of subconjunctival anaesthesia, topical antibiotic administration immediately after injection with consideration to administering topical antibiotics before injection.
3.-Azithromycin 1.5% ophthalmic solution: efficacy and treatment modalities in chronic blepharitis.
Abstract PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of topical 1.5% azithromycin in the treatment of moderate to severe chronic blepharitis and to compare the efficacy of two different treatment modalities. METHODS: A randomized clinical trial included 67 patients with chronic anterior and/or posterior blepharitis, followed-up for 3 months. Signs and symptoms were graded according to severity. Patients were randomized into two groups: 33 patients in group I and 34 patients in group II. Group I patients were treated with topical 1.5% azithromycin twice a day for three days, and Group II patients were treated with topical 1.5% azithromycin twice a day for three days then at bedtime for the rest of the month. All patients were instructed to apply warm compresses and an eyefriendly soap twice daily. RESULTS: Patients in both groups tolerated the treatment with minimal irritation. A significant improvement in signs and symptoms was noted at the one week follow-up visit. Group II showed a more pronounced and longer-lasting improvement that persisted after three months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Topical 1.5% azithromycin ophthalmic solution is an effective treatment option for chronic blepharitis. In moderate to severe blepharitis, a one month treatment is safe and shows better improvement than the three-day protocol with no significant relapse until three months of followup.
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GILBERTO GONZALES RIVADENEIRA