Corruption Watch | 2020 Annual Report: From Crisis to Action by Corruption Watch

FROM CRISIS TO ACTION

IR NV

TIO

P RU

R CO

CORONAVIRUS

ANNUAL REPORT

2020

C ONC ONTE TE NTNTS S Foreword: From Foreword: Crisis to From Action Crisis to Action

Message from Message Executive from Director Executive Director

Introduction Introduction

2020 in Review: 2020 What in Review: the Numbers What the SayNumbers Say

TI CorruptionTIPerceptions Corruption Index Perceptions (CPI) Index (CPI)

CW 2020 data CW 2020 data

KDOW N IFE

vast inequalities in South Africa.

ate of osed, was iting

9, e film.

dy reater

in they

Lockdown Life Lockdown Life Research

I N EQU

LITY I N EQU

LITY

We set up our Lockdown Life blog, which gathered personal accounts from people living under the initial 21-day lockdown. Our contributors were located in several provinces and their environments ranged from the inner city and suburbs to townships and rural areas. Many of the submissions received were personal accounts of the various ways people adapted to the situation. Some complained about load shedding adding to the burden, or boisterous, bored children making their lives a misery; others warned of the dangers of drug users spreading the virus; many spoke of their harrowing experiences during the collection of food parcels. But even more contained disturbing accounts of corruption, and pleas for us to intervene. We passed the reports that had enough information to work with on to our reports management team. Others were published on the Lockdown Life blog, where they remain today, although we stopped taking submissions once the hard lockdown was lifted.

“I can be changed by what happens to me. But I refuse to be reduced by it.” - Maya Angelou

Research

9 9 19 21

Analysis ofTrends Corruption Trends 2020 Analysis2020 of Corruption

CollaborationCollaboration During 2020 During 2020

19 19 20

Police Corruption Police Corruption

Health Corruption Health Corruption

Leadership Appointments Leadership Appointments

TransparencyTransparency in Corporate in Reporting Corporate Reporting

The Impact ofThe Corruption Impact ofonCorruption Women on Women

Youth and Corruption Youth and Corruption

Corruption inCorruption the Miningin sector the Mining sector

The Accountable The Accountable Mining Programme Mining Programme 41

Campaigns Campaigns

Open Contracting Open for Contracting Health for Health

Mining Royalties Mining Project Royalties Project

37 37 45

InterventionsInterventions

Investigations Investigations

ProcurementProcurement Watch Watch

Zondo Commission: Zondo Commission: What does tomorrow What does hold? tomorrow hold?51

Public Fundraising Public Fundraising

International International Anti-Corruption Anti-Corruption Day 2020 Day 2020

Board Members Board Members

Funders

Legal and Investigations Legal and Investigations Litigation

Litigation

49 49

Funders

FROM CRISIS FROM TO ACTION CRISIS TO ACTION

FROM FR OMCRICRISISSIS TOTO A CTION ACTI ON Message from Message boardfrom chairperson, board chairperson, Mavuso Msimang Mavuso Msimang

“Another “Another world world is not only is notpossible, only possible, she is on sheher is on her – – way. Onway. a quiet On aday, quiet I can day,hear I canher hear breathing.” her breathing.”

The past year, The 2020, pastwill year, go2020, downwill in history go down as in one history South as one AfricaSouth had recorded Africa had 1 512 recorded 225 million 1 512 225 million 1 of monumental of monumental shifts and changes shifts and in how changes we live in howcases we live of Covid-19, cases and of Covid-19, 49 941 deaths and 49 , as 941atdeaths1, as at our lives. It was our alives. timeItwhen was athe time world when collapsed the world collapsed 28 February 28 2021. February 2021. in on itself, as incountries on itself, as turned countries inwards turned in panic: inwards in panic: imposed lockdowns, imposed isolated lockdowns, theirisolated populations, their populations, Words like unprecedented, Words like unprecedented, exhausting, relentless, exhausting, relentless, banned travel banned and public travelgatherings, and publicrestricted gatherings, restricted chaotic and deadly chaotichave and deadly filled our have consciousness, filled our consciousness, movement ofmovement citizens, and of citizens, economies andground economies ground and perhapsand none perhaps have taken noneroot havemore taken strongly root more strongly to a halt. to a halt. than the word than pandemic the word itself, pandemic the definition itself, the of definition of which is an occurrence which is an of occurrence a disease of that a disease affects that affects Healthcare systems Healthcare in even systems the most in even the most many peoplemany across people a whole across country a whole or the country or the well-resourced well-resourced and robust societies and robust of the societies of thewhole world2whole 2 . world . world threatened worldto threatened come apart to at come the seams, apart at the seams, and images of and overwhelmed images of overwhelmed and traumatised and traumatised Originating from Originating the Greek from words the Greek “pan” words “pan” healthcare workers healthcare were workers streamed were to streamed audiencesto audiences meaning all, meaning and “demos” all, and meaning “demos” themeaning people the people daily, from every daily,corner from every of thecorner globe,of asthe death globe, tollsas death tolls or population, orapopulation, pandemic therefore a pandemic affects therefore affects soared, and people soared,across and people cultures, across nationalities, cultures, nationalities, (nearly) all of(nearly) the people. all of the people. age groups and age vulnerabilities groups and vulnerabilities succumbed. succumbed. Which bringsWhich us to brings the other us pandemic, to the other pandemic, The cause ofThe thiscause upheaval? of thisAupheaval? tiny, microscopic, A tiny, microscopic, of which we of have which heard weand haveseen heard farand too seen far too unpredictable, unpredictable, airborne virus airborne which has, virusover which has, over much duringmuch a yearduring deluged a year by unimaginable deluged by unimaginable a period of 12a months, period ofbrought 12 months, the entire brought world the entire world acts of greed, acts self-enrichment, of greed, self-enrichment, and sheer and sheer virtually to itsvirtually knees and to itsstopped knees and us all stopped in our us all in lack our of humanity. lack of This humanity. is the pandemic This is the pandemic tracks. SARS-CoV-2, tracks. SARS-CoV-2, the new coronavirus the new behind coronavirus of behind corruption.of corruption. the disease Covid-19, the disease has, Covid-19, to date infected has, to date overinfected over 113 million people 113 million around people the world, around and thekilled world, and killed over 2.5 million. over 2.5 million.

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

1. https://covid19.who.int 1. https://covid19.who.int | 2. https://www.macmillandictionaryblog.com/pandemic | 2. https://www.macmillandictionaryblog.com/pandemic

FROM CRISIS FROM TO ACTION CRISIS TO ACTION

I would like to I would quotelike twoto world quote leaders two world who leaders who have dominated haveour dominated screens and our screens airwavesand over airwaves over this past yearthis on past this vexing year onsubject. this vexing subject. The first, World TheHealth first, World Organisation Health Organisation director-general director-general Tedros Adhanom Tedros Ghebreyesus, Adhanom Ghebreyesus, has been famously has been quoted famously at a media quotedbriefing at a media briefing in Geneva inin late Geneva August in 2020: late August 2020:

“Any type “Anyoftype corruption of corruption is unacceptable, is unacceptable, However, However, corruption corruption relatedrelated to personal to personal protective protective equipment equipment (PPE), for (PPE), mefor it’sme actually it’s actually murder. murder. If health If health workers workers work without work without PPE, we’re PPE,risking we’re risking their lives theirand lives theand the lives oflives the of people the people they serve. they serve. It is murder It is murder and and 3 3 ” stop ” – TedrosGhebreyesus it has to it has stopto – Tedros Adhanom Adhanom Ghebreyesus The dangers The weredangers still there, were andstill thethere, reality and of the reality of This was in response This wasto inaresponse questionto about a question allegedabout alleged uneasy bedfellows uneasyinbedfellows a party riven in a byparty internal riven by internal Covid-19 PPECovid-19 corruption PPE in corruption South Africa in involving South Africa involving squabbles and squabbles differences andindifferences values, filtered in values, filtered tender fraud worth tenderbillions. fraud worth These billions. corruption These corruption outwards. Butoutwards. there were But signs therethat were treatment signs that treatment scandals catapulted scandals the catapulted country into the the country global into the global and could would beand doled could out be to halt doled theout spread to halt the spread spotlight, for spotlight, all the wrong for all reasons. the wrong Barely reasons. a Barelywould a not eliminate if not it entirely. eliminate it entirely. month later, UN month Secretary later, UN General Secretary António General Antónioof corruption,ofif corruption, Guterres echoed Guterres thoseechoed words from thoseTedros wordsin from a Tedros in a Following theFollowing years of state the years capture of state and the capture and the YouTube video YouTube in October video 2020, in October addressing 2020,the addressing the brazen collusion brazen between collusion self-serving betweenbusiness self-serving business topic of corruption topic of in corruption the contextinofthe Covid-19: context of Covid-19: and government and players, government it seemed players, as itthough seemed theas though the country was ready country forwas the ready new broom for thethat newwould broom that would “Corruption is“Corruption criminal, immoral is criminal, and immoral the ultimate and the ultimate sweep away the sweep toxic away culture the of toxic corruption. culture of corruption. betrayal of public betrayal trust. ofItpublic is even trust. more It is damaging even more damaging Measures seemed Measures to beseemed in placetofor bethose in place found for those found in times of crisis in times – as the of crisis world– is asexperiencing the world is experiencing 4 to be manifestly to be corrupt, manifestly lacking corrupt, in integrity lacking orin integrity or now with thenow Covid-19 with the pandemic. Covid-19 ” pandemic.4” honesty, and honesty, unfit to hold and office, unfit totohold finally office, faceto the finally face the consequences of their actions of their and be actions answerable and be answerable These admonishments These admonishments could have been could have been consequences to the people,toasthe previously people, as hollowed previously outhollowed criminal out criminal tailor-made for tailor-made us here infor South us here Africa, in South if one Africa, if one justice institutions justicebegan institutions to rallybegan once again. to rally once again. reviews the unspeakable reviews the unspeakable levels of corruption levels of corruption The public were Theon public the brink were of onathe giant brink exhalation, of a giant exhalation, that have mushroomed that have mushroomed at a time of our at a time of our with the promise withthat the promise heads would that heads roll. would roll. highest vulnerability. highest vulnerability. In my message In my lastmessage year, I expressed last year,cautious I expressed cautious Enter Covid-19 Enter Covid-19 optimism about optimism some of about the changes some of that the changes had that had taken place during taken place the previous during year: the previous new year: new It ripped away It the ripped curtain, awayexposing the curtain, the exposing stark the stark leadership in leadership the country’s in the governing country’s party, governing the party, the reality of South reality African of South society African – gross society inequality – gross inequality African National African Congress National (ANC), Congress and its (ANC), returnand to its return to that determines thatwho determines has access whotohas quality access to quality power in the power May 2019 in the general May 2019 elections, general although elections, although healthcare, food, healthcare, education, food, employment, education, employment, with a significantly with a reduced significantly majority. reduced Its mandate majority. Its mandate benefits, safety benefits, and security, safety and never security, mind innever an mind in an was, finally, towas, tackle finally, head-on to tackle the corruption head-on the that corruption that emergency situation. emergency situation. had plagued had the party plagued andthe theparty country andfor thesocountry long. for so long.

3. https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2020-08-24-any-type-of-corruption-is-unacceptable-who3. https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2020-08-24-any-type-of-corruption-is-unacceptabl boss-scolds-sa-for-covid-19-corruption/ boss-scolds-sa-for-covid-19-corruption/ | 4. https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/corruption/covid19.html | 4. https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/corruption/covid

Thiswhat is precisely we needwhat more weofneed now, more of now, The declaration Theofdeclaration a state of disaster, of a state and of disaster, the and the This is precisely a sustained and a sustained unrelenting andactivism, unrelenting andactivism, a and a accompanying accompanying hard lockdown hard that lockdown formed part that formed part determinationdetermination not to let up. not We to need, let up. collectively, We need, collectively, of the country’s of the firstcountry’s responsefirst to the response devastating to the devastating to dig thedeep depths into ofthe ourdepths humanity, of our to humanity, to virus, even asvirus, it waseven intended as it was to protect intended and to protect and to dig deep into that rediscover energy and thatzeal energy that and oncezeal that once solate the population isolate the from population a common from enemy, a common also enemy,rediscover also vanquished successfullythe vanquished unjust, the the immoral, unjust, the immoral, dealt a devastating dealt ablow devastating to people’s blowability to people’s to keepability to successfully keep the inhumanethe and inhumane the criminal. and If the ever criminal. there was If ever there was body and soul body together. and soul together. a time for a reckoning, a time for ita is reckoning, now. We it must is now. rankWe must rank treason acts – for of treason that is what – forthey that are is what – they are – The disaster regulations The disasternecessitated regulations necessitated a range a rangethese acts of these alongside atrocities other thatatrocities have long that been have long been of economic stimulus of economic packages stimulus designed packages to designed to alongside other outlawed statuteonbooks, our statute and have books, no place and have no place provide a safety provide net to a the safety most netvulnerable, to the most vulnerable, outlawed on our in our democracy. and to put in and place toemergency put in placeprocurement emergency procurement in our democracy. measures to ensure measures thattohealthcare ensure that and healthcare essentialand essential can learnWe from can thelearn lessons fromand the the lessons victories and the victories workers, as well workers, as their as patients, well as their would patients, have what would have We what of past revolutions, of pastnot revolutions, just our own, not just but our those own, but those they need in a they medical need emergency. in a medical emergency. from around the fromworld, around to the usher world, in a new to usher order. in a new order. But this revolution But this must revolution be of our must ownbe making, of our own making, t was inconceivable It was inconceivable that anyone with that an anyone ounce with an ounce defined and refined definedby and ourrefined new circumstances by our new circumstances of humanity would of humanity see these would desperate see these measures desperate measures and ain world needbadly of a shake-up. in need ofWe a shake-up. can We can as an opportunity as anfor opportunity looting. And for yet looting. they And did. yet they did.and a world badly no longer tolerate no longer whattolerate is happening what isbefore happening our before our Reports began Reports to emerge began of to inflated emerge prices of inflated and prices and eyes, in our own eyes, country. in our own country. underhand deals underhand between deals government between officials government officials and the private and sector the private to provide sector medical to provide medical We cannot while people watch while facingpeople seriousfacing serious equipment, orequipment, price gouging or price in the gouging supply in of the supply of We cannot watch corruption,ofnot corruption, only in relation not only to in relation to ife-saving PPEs. life-saving Shockingly, PPEs.food Shockingly, aid parcels food aid parcels allegations ofallegations cases of Covid-19, casesbut of Covid-19, also in matters but also emerging in matters emerging ntended for the intended poor were for the also poor sold were or diverted. also sold or diverted. the Zondo at Commission, the Zondo Commission, refuse to fall on refuse theirto fall on their While our country, While our our economy country, our andeconomy people’s and livespeople’s at lives swords. We have swords. seenWe a treasonous have seen abreach treasonous of breach of were being ravaged were being by a ravaged serious pandemic, by a serious these pandemic, these the Constitution, the very underpinning the very underpinning of our of our things were happening things were against happening a backdrop againstofa backdrop of the Constitution, democracy. have witnessed We have anwitnessed astounding an astounding power abusepower by lawabuse enforcement by law enforcement officials who officials whodemocracy. We defiance of the defiance Constitutional of the Constitutional Court, the final Court, the final applied bruteapplied force tobrute ordinary forcepeople to ordinary tryingpeople to trying to arbiter on matters arbiter legal on matters in the land, legaland in the of land, and of navigate an uncertain navigate an anduncertain altered world. and altered world. structures setstructures up to defend set up its to principles. defend its principles. Can we shift the Cannational we shiftconscience the nationaland conscience take and take All across theAll nation across people the nation are wondering people are how wondering how on thoseofinpower positions whooftreat power us who with treat us with we got to thiswe point, got to how this our point, society howbecame our society so became on so those in positions disdain, continue and to yethold continue publictooffice, hold public office, morally bankrupt morally andbankrupt corrupt, so andcruel corrupt, and so cruel and disdain, and yet even representing us and our interests us and our in interests in avaricious, asavaricious, to seize upon as to the seize moment upon –the this moment kind – thiseven kindrepresenting Parliament? IParliament? think we must. I think We we have must. done We it have done it of moment! –oftomoment! profit, steal – tofood profit, outsteal of the food mouths out of the mouths before before and,byconfronted a not-dissimilar by a not-dissimilar flagrant flagrant of our own people, of our and ownrisk people, the lives and of risk those the lives in the of those in the and, confronted disregard anddisregard disrespect and fordisrespect the interests for the of the interests of the rontline. Thefrontline. answer isThe corruption. answer is corruption. people, we must people, do itwe now. must do it now. This may sound Thislike may a hopeless sound like litany a hopeless of woes, litany of woes, What yearthis haspast shown yearushas is how shown us is how a tunnel fromawhich tunnelwe from arewhich unable we toare emerge. unable to emerge.What this past appallingly the appallingly people ofthe thispeople country ofhave this country been have been But that is notBut thethat case. is not We the need case. onlyWe scan need theonly scan the treated, and disregarded disrespected. and disrespected. If Covid-19 If Covid-19 pages of this pages report of tothis see report the extent to see to the which extent civilto whichtreated, civil disregarded caught us what unprepared, initial failures what initial therefailures there society ralliedsociety duringrallied 2020. during We see2020. the many We see the many caught us unprepared, may may, have perhaps, been may, be forgiven. perhaps, be forgiven. spaces wherespaces campaigners where campaigners for social justice for social justice may have been With comparable the previouspandemic, comparable the pandemic, the ntervened – intervened in matters of – in food matters security; of food abuse security; abuseWith the previous Spanish influenza, Spanish having influenza, occurred having more occurred than more than of power by police of power andby law police enforcement and law enforcement organs; organs; a century ago, a we century lacked ago, requisite we lacked experience. requisite experience. access to health access services; to health defence services; of basic defence human of basic human rights in extreme rights times; in extreme and better times; and and tighter better and tighter But what willBut be insufferable what will beisinsufferable that the planned is that the planned procurementprocurement policies. Members policies. of the Members public of also the public also programme vaccinationthat programme we are told thatwill we are told will continued to continued expose corruption to expose and corruption injustice,and while injustice, vaccination while protect us to and build help herd us to immunity, build herd should immunity, should often at the receiving often at the endreceiving of those very end of acts. those very acts. protect and help be exposed tobeany exposed semblance to anyofsemblance theft. Society of theft. has Society has Actually, these Actually, decisions these to act decisions in the face to act of in anthe face of an and, be wherever vigilant and, possible, wherever prevent possible, this prevent this emergency inspired emergency the theme inspired of the thistheme report:of this report: to be vigilant to from happening from and happening act ruthlessly and act should ruthlessly there should be there be From crisis toFrom action. crisis to action. any instance any of corruption. instance of corruption.

MESSAGE FROM MESSAGE THE EXECUTIVE FROM THEDIRECTOR EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

MESSAGE M ESSAGEF ROM F ROM THETHEEXEEXECUTI CUTIVEVE D IRE DI RECTCTOROR

David Lewis David Lewis

2020! What 2020!aWhat year athat yearwas, thatone was, that oneonly thatthose only those lookinglooking for opportunities for opportunities for corruption for corruption would would want to want see to repeated. see repeated.

On top of these On top woes, of these Southwoes, Africa,South like the Africa, like the In 2020 South In Africa 2020 South found Africa itself in found the eye itself in the eye rest of the world, rest of is the grappling world, with is grappling a huge with a huge of a perfect storm, of a perfect represented storm, represented by simultaneous by simultaneous crisis health in the shape crisis in ofthe theshape of the crises each of crises gargantuan each of dimensions. gargantuan dimensions. public healthpublic Covid-19 pandemic. Covid-19 pandemic. An economicAn crisis economic which crisis underpins which growing underpins growing unemployment, unemployment, inequality and inequality poverty.and A social poverty. A social We how have each seen of how theseeach crises of these has crises has crisis reflected crisis in earth-shattering reflected in earth-shattering levels of levels We of have seen been exacerbated massively exacerbated by the pandemic, by the pandemic, violence against violence women against and women children,and children, been massively marking out marking 2020 as the out year 2020of asCovid. the year Butofit’s Covid. But it’s stubbornly high stubbornly levels ofhigh general levels crime of general and crime and striking that striking as much, that if not as more, much, of if not the more, publicof the public a widespread a decline widespread in thedecline qualityinofthe public quality of public surrounding surrounding the pandemic the centred pandemic centred goods, notably goods, health notably and education. health and education. conversationconversation not on its public not on health its public dimensions, health dimensions, but rather but rather A governance A governance crisis, evidenced crisis,byevidenced a markedby a marked the rampant on the corruption rampantthat corruption characterised that characterised deteriorationdeterioration in the qualityinofthe thequality controlofand the controlon and the procurement and distribution and of distribution goods andof goods and managementmanagement of public andofprivate publicsector and private sectorthe procurement services, theincluding constrained the constrained relief relief institutions –institutions including political – including parties political – parties –services, including packages, necessitated by Covid-19. by Covid-19. and which isand reflected whichin is extremely reflected in high extremely high packages, necessitated levels of corruption, levels ofmismanagement corruption, mismanagement and maladministration. and maladministration.

MESSAGE FROM MESSAGE THE EXECUTIVE FROM THEDIRECTOR EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

It is as if South It isAfricans, as if South in the Africans, outraged in the response outraged response Keeping thisKeeping in mind, this we have in mind, set we up have set up to Covid-related to Covid-related corruption, were corruption, saying:were saying: a dedicated project a dedicated in anproject effort toinensure an effort that to ensure that “We have been “Wedisciplined have been in disciplined our efforts into our efforts to the procurement the procurement of Covid-19 vaccines of Covid-19 is not vaccines is not safeguard ourselves, safeguardour ourselves, neighbours, our neighbours, our ouras easily corrupted as easily ascorrupted the procurement as the procurement of of communities communities and our country. and our In so country. doing,In so doing,protective equipment. protective equipment. we have sacrificed we havetosacrificed an unimaginable to an unimaginable degree. degree. And the thanks Andthat the thanks we get that is to we seeget ourispublic to see our public Like so manyLike others so many we have others worked we have remotely worked remotely officials andofficials our elected and our representatives elected representatives and and since early insince 2020.early As many in 2020. of our As many staff of our staff their privatetheir sector private counterparts sector counterparts making off making off members use members public transport use public to transport and from to and from with moneywith meant money to buy meant protection to buyfor protection health for health work, working work, fromworking home has from saved home ushas from saved us from care workers care andworkers food hampers and food intended hampers to intendedthe to worst ravages the worst of the ravages disease of –the I’mdisease pleased– I’m pleased stave off starvation stave offfor starvation a few weeks. for a”few weeks.” to say that only to say onethat member only one of staff member has of staff has contracted the contracted virus andthe he virus picked and that heup picked that up This established This yet established again that yet corruption again thatiscorruption front isin front hospital! in hospital! of mind for so of many mind South for so many Africans South whoAfricans view it as who view it as an underlying ancause underlying of so many causeofoftheir so many problems, of their problems, Our productivity Our productivity has remained has surprisingly remained surprisingly as the reasonaswhy the their reason public why services their public are services so are so high. We have high. continued We have receiving continued and receiving and degraded and degraded why theyand simply why cannot they simply trust cannot the trust processing the reports processing of corruption reports of(in corruption fact last (in fact last elites who run elites bothwho therun public both and theprivate publicsectors. and private sectors. year we received year we thereceived second largest the second volume largest volume of reports since of reports we opened sinceour we doors opened in our 2012) doors in 2012) While we in Corruption While we inWatch Corruption shareWatch the outrage share the outrage and our major and campaigns, our major largely campaigns, run by largely our run by our of the public,ofwe thedopublic, not share we do their notsurprise. share their surprise.stakeholder and stakeholder legal and and investigation legal and investigation units, units, Think of VBSThink and its of looting VBS and ofits thelooting savings of of the the savings of have the continued have without continued material without interruption. material interruption. poor and thepoor funds and of the resource-strapped funds of resource-strapped municipalities; municipalities; think of the Estina think of Dairy the Estina scandal Dairy scandal Our sleep-deprived Our sleep-deprived communications communications unit has unit has and the manner and in thewhich manner it destroyed in which it the destroyed hopes the hopes maintained, even maintained, strengthened, even strengthened, our presenceour presence of emergent of farmers; emergent think farmers; of the number think of of the number ofin the media,inboth the media, on our own both media on ourchannels own media channels families denied families housing denied because housing theybecause could not they couldand not in the mainstream and in the mainstream commercial and commercial and or would notor bribe would thenot housing bribe the official housing for a place official for a place community media, community whilemedia, our administration while our administration in the queue;inthink the queue; of the sick thinkwho of the have sick been who have been team has guarded team has our guarded resources our with resources their with their forced to payforced for a hospital to pay for bed a hospital in our ‘free’ bedpublic in our ‘free’ public usual zeal and usual ensured zeal and our ensured compliance our with compliance with health service. health service. the relevant the lawsrelevant and regulations. laws and regulations. Think of all this Think andofmuch all this else andbesides, much else andbesides, you and you There is of course There one is ofextremely course one important extremely important too will not be toosurprised will not be that surprised that activity that has activity been that drastically has beencurtailed, drastically curtailed, namely our face-to-face namely our face-to-face community community engagement.engagement. This is a particularly This is aimportant particularly important component of component our work with of our impoverished work with impoverished mining communities mining communities and it has also and it has also undoubtedlyundoubtedly affected the affected public launch the public of ourlaunch of our innovative Veza innovative tool, which Vezaistool, the which core element is the core element in our campaign in our against campaign police against corruption. police corruption. Fortunately both Fortunately the mining bothand the police mining and police campaigns have campaigns large research have large dimensions research dimensions which have kept which the have campaign kept the teams campaign more teams more than busy. Our than communications busy. Our communications team has team has managed to managed mitigate the to mitigate difficulties theindifficulties engaging in engaging directly with directly the communities with the communities by devoting by devoting greater resources greater toresources community to media. community media.

the corrupt the corrupt will happily will happily compromise compromise the safety theof safety our of our health care health workers care workers and steal and steal food from food hungry from hungry households. households. The truth Theistruth that there is thatare there feware few crimes as crimes cruelasascruel corruption as corruption and yes,and sometimes yes, sometimes it does kill. it does kill. 7

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

The communications team The communications team has also run has also run a high-quality daily news from the a high-quality daily news service fromservice the Zondo commission. Zondo commission.

THE LAUNCH THE LAUNCH OF OUR OF INNOVATIVE OUR INNOVATIVE VEZA TOOL, VEZAWHICH TOOL, IS WHICH THE CORE IS THE CORE Our police campaign merits particular attention, Our police campaign merits particular attention, not only because it tackles a particularly not only because it tackles a particularly ELEMENT ELEMENT IN OUR CAMPAIGN IN OUR CAMPAIGN important important complex sector, but also because and complexand sector, but also because of its highlyuse innovative use ofin technology in the of its highly innovative of technology the againstGo corruption. onto our website fight againstfight corruption. onto our Go website AGAINSTAGAINST POLICE POLICE CORRUPTION. CORRUPTION.and open theandVezaopentooltheandVeza you will agree that youtool will and agree that this is a innovation world-classwhose innovation this is a world-class easy whose easy even marginalised to the most marginalised accessibility,accessibility, even to the most communities, beliesofthe of the thinking communities, belies the quality thequality thinking andthat technology that has the tool. and technology has produced theproduced tool.

THE

ONLINEONLINE TOOL TOOL

2020 government also made some During 2020During government also made some progress in the fight againstThe corruption. The progress in the fight against corruption. National Anti-Corruption Strategy, National Anti-Corruption Strategy, which was which was bysociety/government a joint civil society/government produced byproduced a joint civil task team, has beenapproved completed, task team, has been completed, byapproved by and will be launched in 2021. Cabinet, andCabinet, will be launched in 2021. The president hasforce signed The president has signed into theinto Actforce the Act regulating party political funding. Some regulating party political funding. Some high-profile have been high-profile arrests havearrests been effected by effected by law enforcement authorities. law enforcement authorities. The NationalThe National Anti-Corruption Health Forum has been firmly Anti-Corruption Health Forum has been firmly established under theofleadership of the established under the leadership the active Special Investigating Unit, increasingly increasingly active Special Investigating Unit, and it is another role model for effective and it is another role model for effective government/civil society co-operation. government/civil society co-operation. this should None of this None shouldofdisguise the disguise fact that the we, fact that we, as South Africans, havetomountains to climb. as South Africans, have mountains climb. If anything, range of near-intractable crises If anything, the range of the near-intractable crises above deepened overofthe course of 2020, listed above listed deepened over the course 2020, leaving us with the daunting of a 2021 leaving us with the daunting prospect of aprospect 2021 that will undoubtedly prove at least as difficult that will undoubtedly prove at least as difficult as its predecessor. But looking at 2020, we can as its predecessor. But looking at 2020, we can from the that while the take comforttake fromcomfort the prospect thatprospect while the year further will present further challenges, coming yearcoming will present challenges, willexperience also, if ourisexperience is go anything to go it will also, if itour anything to by, produce new solutions. by, produce new solutions. I want thank board I want to thank our to board forour their wisefor their wise guidance, our staff for their unswerving guidance, our staff for their unswerving and for ourstanding funders for standing commitment,commitment, and our funders by us in an environment where the demand by us in an environment where the demand for their limited means on a daily basis. for their limited means expands on aexpands daily basis.

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

I NI TNRTODR ODU U CTCTI ONIO N The last timeThe youlast were time on you thiswere page,on you this read page, you read of the enthusiasm of the with enthusiasm which we with planned which to we planned to continue pursuing continue thepursuing fight against the fight corruption, against corruption, the fight for athe transparent fight for a government transparent government that that encourages clean encourages serviceclean delivery service to itsdelivery people.to its people. You read of the Yougreat read litigation of the great victories litigation of the victories of the year before, year and the before, daunting and the butdaunting fun campaign but fun campaign work we looked workforward we looked to inforward 2020. We to also in 2020. paidWe also paid a fitting tribute a fitting to ourtribute long-standing to our long-standing currency, currency, the whistle-blowers the whistle-blowers who trust uswho withtrust corruption us with corruption reports, of which reports, youofwill which readyou more willinread the more in the pages ahead.pages ahead. None of us, however, None of us, expected however, that expected 2020 would that 2020 would turn out to be turn an out experiment to be anto experiment test our wills, to test our wills, our state of consciousness our state of consciousness and activism,and andactivism, and even our faith. even It brings our faith. to mind It brings a funny to mind quote a funny quote found on social found media on social that goes: media “the thatdumbest goes: “the dumbest thing I ever did thing was I ever to buy didawas 2020 toplanner. buy a 2020 ” planner.” All the plansAll as the we plans knew as them wehad knew to them go outhad theto go out the window to make window wayto formake revised waystrategies for revised and strategies and tactics. Almost tactics. a year Almost after we a year closed after our weoffices closed our offices and set out to and work set remotely, out to work weremotely, can safely we can safely say our theme sayfor our this theme year for rings this true: year rings true: From Crisis to From Action. Crisis to Action.

We hadWe some hadidea some that idea that South Africa’s South Africa’s healthhealth sectorsect was not was crisis-ready, not crisis-ready, but webut w did notdid realise not realise the great the great extentextent to which to systemic which systemic weaknesses weaknesses pulledpulled it down. it dow

We had to adapt, We had andtodo adapt, so quickly and do enough so quickly so enough so as to not loseasour to not focus lose or our momentum. focus or momentum. Needless Needless to say, we are tostill say,awe while areaway still afrom whilerestoring away from restoring as much of the as much old normal of theas old wenormal comfortably as we comfortably can, but we can can,confidently but we cansay confidently that under saythe that under the challenging circumstances challenging circumstances of 2020, we scored of 2020, we scored some victories some in the victories work we in the set work out towe do.set out to do. The theme speaks The theme to that speaks emboldened to that emboldened courage courage that surpassed thatongoing surpassed challenges, ongoing to challenges, bring us to bring us into a 2021 filled into with a 2021 even filled more withconfidence even morethat confidence that we can makewe a difference. can make a difference.

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

Looking back, Looking two important back, two lessons important came lessons out of came out of as aEqually, Equally, memberasofathe member healthof sector the health sector 2020 from government’s 2020 from government’s mitigation ofmitigation the effectsof the anti-corruption effects anti-corruption forum, we have forum, intensified we have intensified of Covid-19. We of Covid-19. had some We idea hadthat some South ideaAfrica’s that Southour Africa’s efforts inour cleaning effortsup in our cleaning healthcare up our healthcare health sectorhealth was not sector crisis-ready, was not crisis-ready, but we did not but weprocurement did not procurement systems. Again, systems. there Again, is morethere is more realise the great realise extent the great to which extent systemic to which systemicon this part of onour thiswork part later of our inwork the report, later in the report, weaknesses weaknesses pulled it down. pulled It came it down. as little It came as little and it showsand thatitour shows country that needs our country to useneeds to use surprise, therefore, surprise, that therefore, when it that had to when make it had the to make the the opportunities the opportunities that 2020 provided that 2020 to move provided to move tough choices tough between choices prioritising betweenthe prioritising bolstering the bolstering beyond diagnosing beyondcorruption diagnosingincorruption the sector,in the sector, of the sectorof inthe order sector to save in order lives,toand save protecting lives, and protecting to fixing the culture to fixing that the enables culture that it. enables it. the economy,the government economy, government chose the former. chose the former. Theinlate former Theauditor-general late former auditor-general Kimi Makwetu Kimi Makwetu The second, The more second, worrying more lesson, worrying was that lesson, in was that was asked inwas an interview asked in an published interview bypublished the by the spite of the unique spite ofsituation the unique we situation found ourselves we found ourselves Mail & Guardian Mail newspaper & Guardianabout newspaper a month about a month in, the ugly truth in, the of ugly corruption truth ofbycorruption opportunistic by opportunistic politicians and politicians those connected and thosetoconnected them, wastoa them, was a his passing before before in hisNovember passing in2020, November what 2020, what reality. They reality. only had They to exploit only had already to exploit weakalready weak advice he had advice for his hesuccessor, had for hisTsakani successor, Tsakani controls in procurement controls in procurement systems across systems all three across all three who Maluleke, Maluleke, was soon who to was takesoon over to as take South over as South spheres of government, spheres of government, and it did notand help it did thatnot helpAfrica’s that first female Africa’sauditor-general. first female auditor-general. His answer His answer Cabinet had Cabinet resolvedhad to relax resolved sometoprotocols relax some protocols spoke volumes spoke about volumes the legacy aboutand theethos legacy ofand ethos of because of the because urgentofcircumstances. the urgent circumstances. the office: “[Terence] the office:Nombembe “[Terence] Nombembe told me to told me to Our equally weakened Our equallylaw weakened enforcement law enforcement always ensure always my eyes ensure are my focused eyes on arethe focused on the structures have structures also struggled have also to struggled bring all toto bring all to independence independence of the office. of This theisoffice. key inThis is key in book who stole book from who the stole Covid-19 from the purse, Covid-19 but purse, but everything we everything do. Also, we thedo. professional Also, the professional we keep the we cases keep onthe ourcases radaron nevertheless. our radar nevertheless. competencecompetence of the team must of thenever team must never be undermined. be ”undermined.” Besides the health Besides sector, the health our police sector, too our were police too were

not fully prepared not fully forprepared the challenges for theofchallenges enforc of enforc It was in the Itspirit wasembodied in the spirit byembodied Makwetu’s by Makwetu’s ing a hard lockdown, ing a hardforlockdown, reasons varying for reasons fromvarying from poor management poor management and planningand to lack planning of to lack ofmessage – that message of an independent – that of an independent office that office that political will political in equipping will in our equipping police service our police service thrives on itsthrives competence on its competence – that we approached – that we approached with the rightwith tools theand right infrastructure. tools and infrastructure. Parliament toParliament make input toon make the input appointment on the appointment Cases of brutality Casesand of brutality abuse ofand power abuse made of power made of his successor. of hisItsuccessor. was as much It was a sign as much of oura sign of our disheartening disheartening headlines regularly. headlines regularly. confidence in confidence Ms Maluleke’s in Msability Maluleke’s to carry ability on to carry on where her esteemed where her predecessor esteemed predecessor left off, as it left off, as it Interestingly,Interestingly, it was in these it was two in areas these that two we areas that we was to support wasand to support uphold the andhigh uphold standards the high standards sought to make sought a particular to make difference a particular asdifference as of the auditor-general’s of the auditor-general’s office in carrying officeout in carrying out Corruption Watch, Corruption so the Watch, flaws so in them the flaws in them its work. We its called work. for We an called open, for transparent an open, transparent manifested in manifested a way thatinonly a way served that to only amplify served to amplify process thatprocess upholdsthat the upholds principlethe of principle of our messageour more message profoundly: more South profoundly: AfricaSouth Africa independence independence that the auditor-general’s that the auditor-general’s needs to clean needs up its to health clean up sector its health for thesector sake for the sake office office has displayed. of the millions of of thelives millions that depend of lives that on it.depend Also, if on it. Also, if has displayed. confidence and confidence credibility and ofcredibility the police of is the to be police is to be With Withtoall the respect technology to theof technology online of online restored, it should restored, be with it should toolsbe in with the hands tools in ofthe hands ofall respect platforms such platforms as Microsoft such as Teams, Microsoft Zoom Teams, and Zoom and ordinary citizens ordinary to hold citizens the police to hold accountable. the police accountable. others that enabled others that us to enabled reach audiences us to reachinaudiences in For the latterFor problem, the latter ourproblem, responseour was response the was the webinars and webinars other platforms, and other the platforms, Corruption the Corruption developmentdevelopment and launch of and Veza, launch the of Veza, the Watch team’sWatch spirit team’s and vigour spiritinand keeping vigourthe in keeping the much-anticipated much-anticipated online tool that online we tool first that spoke we first anti-corruption spoke anti-corruption fight going isfight the inspiration going is the inspiration of in last year’s of in report last year’s (morereport details(more in ourdetails in our that we keepthat drawing we keep on, going drawing into on, the going into the campaigns section). campaigns It puts section). the power It putsofthe holding power of holding unknown that unknown is 2021. that is 2021. our police officials our police accountable officials accountable in the handsin ofthe hands of the communities the communities that rely on their that rely service. on their It has service. It has only been in only operation been in foroperation several weeks, for several but we weeks, but we have no doubt have that noitsdoubt purpose thatwill its purpose prove relevant will prove relevant for many communities for many communities out there, some out of there, whom some of whom we have engaged we have on engaged the topic on of police the topic brutality of police brutality and abuse ofand power. abuse of power.

We learned We learned from the from crisis the crisis and putand lessons put lessons to action! to action! 10

WHAT THE NUMBERS WHAT THE SAY NUMBERS SAY

20202020 IN REVIEW IN REVIEW

WHAT WHATTHETHENUMBERS NUMBERSSAYSAY

SOUTH AFRICA'S SOUTH AFRICA'S RANK SUGGESTS RANK SUGGESTS A FAILURE A FAILURE OF GOVERNMENT OF GOVERNMENT EFFORTSEFFORTS TO MAKETOREAL MAKE INROADS REAL INROADS AGAINSTAGAINST THE ROOTTHE CAUSES ROOT OF CAUSES CORRUPTION. OF CORRUPTION. As expected,As theexpected, 2020 Corruption the 2020Perceptions Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) had Index a strong (CPI) had Covid-19 a strong focus, Covid-19 and asfocus, and as expected, South expected, AfricaSouth showed Africa neither showed neither improvementimprovement nor decline, scoring nor decline, just 44. scoring just 44.

South Africa Southshowed Africaneither showed neither improvement improvement nor decline, nor decline, scoring just scoring 44. just 44. It also highlighted It also South highlighted Africa’s South pattern Africa’s of pattern of The CPI, respected The CPI, asrespected a leading as global a leading indicator global indicator stagnation over stagnation the pastover eight the years. past In eight the years. In the of public sector of public corruption, sectorscores corruption, and ranks scores and ranks previous CPIprevious the country CPI also the country scored 44. also scored 44. 180 countries180 and countries territories and around territories the world around the world In 2018 and 2017 In 2018 it scored and 2017 43. it scored 43. based on perceptions based on perceptions of corruption.ofItcorruption. draws It draws on 13 expert on assessments 13 expert assessments and surveys and of surveys of BeforeAfrica that, South managed: Africa managed: businesspeople, businesspeople, and uses a scale and uses of zero a scale to of zero toBefore that, South 100, where zero 100,iswhere highlyzero corrupt is highly and 100 corrupt is and 100 is very clean. very clean. Released in January Released2021, in January the CPI2021, for the the CPI for the previous year previous highlighted year the highlighted impact ofthe impact of corruption on corruption the abilityon of the countries ability of around countries around the world, including the world, South including Africa,South to manage Africa, to manage According toAccording TI, a scoretobelow TI, a score 50 indicates below 50 indicates their health care theirresponses health caretoresponses the to the a significant acorruption significantproblem. corruption problem. Covid-19 pandemic. Covid-19 pandemic.

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

SUB-SAHARAN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA AFRICA

South rankitof uth Africa’s rankAfrica’s of 69 puts on69 a puts it on a par with Bulgaria, Hungary, Jamaica, r with Bulgaria, Hungary, Jamaica, Romania Tunisia. It falls into the mania and Tunisia.and It falls into the group of countries surveyed up of countries surveyed which have which have stuck in place for many en stuck inbeen place for many years, and years, and oneofofcountries the 66% of countries whose one of the is 66% whose score remained below 50. This suggests ore remained below 50. This suggests a failure of government efforts to make ailure of government efforts to make inroads against the root causes l inroads real against the root causes corruption.of corruption.

3232 /100/100 AVERAGE SCORE REGIONAL SCORE AVERAGE REGIONAL

sub-Saharan In sub-Saharan Africa, the region Africa,with thethe region with the west average lowest score average of 32 (global score of 32 (global erage wasaverage 43), the was top countries 43), the top were countries were ychelles (66), Seychelles Botswana (66), (60), Botswana and Cabo (60), and Cabo de (58). At Verde the bottom (58). Atare theSudan bottom(16) are Sudan (16) d Somaliaand andSomalia South Sudan and South (12 each). Sudan (12 each). e latter two The sitlatter also at two thesitbottom also atofthe bottom of global table. the global table.

UB-SAHARAN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAAFRICA TABLE TABLE

UNTRY

COUNTRY

SCORE

SCORE RANK

RANK

CW 2020 DATA CW 2020 DATA

CORRUPTION CORRUPTION WATCHWATCH

2022002 DATA 0 D ATA

4 780 4 78 tally of reports tally of reports of corruption of corruption receivedreceived in a calendar in a calendar year. year. In 2020, Corruption In 2020, Corruption Watch recorded Watch recorded the second thehighest second highest

REPORTSREPOR RECEIVEDRECEIV IN 2020 IN 20

The figure ofThe 4 780 figure follows of 4 2017’s 780 follows record2017’s number record number of 5 334 reported of 5 334 incidents reported of corruption incidents ofand corruption and also tops 2016’s alsototal topsof 2016’s 4 391total cases. of 4 391 cases.

43% 43%

From the time From of its the inception time of its in early inception 2012,in early 2012, until the enduntil of December the end of2020, December the 2020, the organisationorganisation has collectedhas justcollected under just under 33 000 reports 33 of 000 corruption. reports ofIncorruption. our nine In our nine years of existence years of in existence which we in have which gathered we have gathered 32 976 cases32 of976 corruption, cases ofwe corruption, handle on we handle on a daily basis aan daily average basisof an11average complaints of 11from complaints from all corners ofall South corners Africa. of South Africa.

GAUTENG

NORTH-WEST

WESTERN CAPE

CORRUPTION CORRUPTION BY PROVINCE BY PROVINCE 60%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

2012

2013

WESTERN CAPE

2014

MPUMALANGA

FREE STATE

KWAZULU-NATAL

2015

13%

EASTERN CAPE

NORTH-WEST

2015

LIMPOPO 7%

LIMPOPO

2% Members of Members the publicof have the visited public have our offices visited our offices 2% FREE STATE to report corruption, to reportand corruption, where this andwas where not this was not possible, as was possible, the case as was in most the case of 2020, in most of 2020, NORTHERN CAPE NORTHERN CAPE whistle-blowers whistle-blowers have used our have online used platforms our online platforms or called in to ortell called us about in to tell acts usofabout graft acts in both of graft in both public and private publicsectors. and private sectors. EASTERN CAPE

GAUTENG

UNKNOWN

UNK

2016

CORRUPTION CORRUPTION BY INSTITUTION BY INSTITUTION 70%

Private Sector Private Sector

60%

FRAUD

National Government National Government Local GovernmentLocal BLUEGovernment BLUE

50%

Provincial Government Provincial Government

40%

State Owned Entity State Owned Entity

30% 20% 10% 2012

20132012 20142013

20152014

20162015 20172016 20182017 20192018

2020 2019

2020

whistle-blower whistle-blower reportsreports

e majorityThe of reports 43% – majority– of reports – 43% – me from Gauteng province. came from Gauteng province. nificantly,Significantly, the figure of the 1 673 figure of 1 673 kes it the makes third time that thetime that the it the third vince crosses overcrosses the province over the 00-report 1mark in a 12-month 000-report mark in a 12-month iod and itperiod is alsoand to date it is the also to date the hest number of corruption highest number of corruption mplaints recorded in arecorded single in a single complaints vince in aprovince year. in a year.

6 000

5 000

4 000

3 223 4 000

4 391 3 223

3 000

4 780 4 196

44391 196 5 334

2 714

mpleting the top threethe provinces Completing top three provinces erms of number in termsofofcorruption number of corruption 2 000 orts are KwaZulu-Natal (13%) reports are KwaZulu-Natal (13%) Westernand Cape (9%). The latter Western Cape (9%). The latter laces Limpopo which held the replaces Limpopo which held the 1 000 d spot in third 2019.spot in 2019.

FRAUD

4 780

5 334

2 714

3 000

3 694

2 000

2 262

22262 382

1 000

2012

2 382

2013 2012 2014 2013 2015 2014 2016 2015 2017 2016 2018 2017 2019 2018 2020 2019

EASTERN CAPE

FREE STATE

GAUTENG

2020

KwaZulu-Natal KwaZulu-Natal LIMPOPO

LIMPOPO

MPUMALANGA

NORTH WEST

NORTHERN CAPE NORTHERN CAPE

2017

2018

2019

2020

WESTERN CAPE

UNKNOWN

CW 2020 DATA CW 2020 DATA

The most frequently The mostreported frequently forms reported forms of corruption ofduring corruption the year during were the year were maladministration maladministration (17%), procurement (17%), procurement corruption (16%) corruption and fraud (16%) (15%). and fraud These(15%). acts These acts of corruptionofinclude corruption issues include such as issues compliance such as compliance Maladministration issues, procurement issues, procurement irregularities,irregularities, soliciting of soliciting ofMaladministration kickbacks, and kickbacks, fraudulent andactivities fraudulent in various activities in various state institutions, state agencies institutions, andagencies departments, and departments, PROCUREMENT PROCUREMENT as well as businesses. as well as businesses.

TYPES OF CORRUPTION TYPES OF CORRUPTION

CORRUPTION

Of these, weOf note these, thatwe 11%note of reports that 11% allege of reports allege corruption incorruption the South in African the South Police African Service, Police Service, FRAUD 6% point to corruption 6% point toincorruption schools, 4% in schools, refer 4% refer to corruptiontoincorruption the healthin sector, the health and 3% sector, pointand 3% point to corruptiontoincorruption the awarding in the of awarding driver’s licenses. of driver’s licenses.

CORRUPTION

FRAUD

CORRUPTION

The types ofThe corrupt types acts of corrupt highlighted acts by highlighted by whistle-blowers whistle-blowers in some of the in aforementioned some of the aforementioned DERELICTION DERELICTION focus areas are focus wide-ranging. areas are wide-ranging. In the police,Inwe the police, we OF DUTY OF DUTY continue to learn continue about to dereliction learn aboutofdereliction duty, abuse of duty, abuse of power, and ofbribery. power, and These bribery. countThese for 29%, count 28%for 29%, 28% and 27% of reports, and 27%respectively. of reports, respectively. Meanwhile, in Meanwhile, in EMBEZZLEMENT EMBEZZLEMENT OF FUNDS relation to the relation healthto sector, the health Corruption sector,Watch Corruption still Watch stillOF FUNDS receives intelreceives on acts intel of procurement on acts of procurement corruption, corruption, employmentemployment corruption, and corruption, fraud, counting and fraud, for counting for 10% 21%, 15% and 21%, 11%15% respectively. and 11% respectively.

16%

15%

15% 14%

13%

BRIBERY

EMPLOYMENT CORRUPTION

17%

14%

ABUSE OF POWER ABUSE OF POWER

Also worth noting Also worth is that noting reports is that of police reports of police corruption have corruption increased haveand increased this is likely and this is likely owing to theowing fact that to the onefact of the thatorganisation’s one of the organisation’s flagship projects flagship involves projects police involves abusepolice and abuse and BRIBERY impropriety,impropriety, but we also saw but we a spike also in saw thea spike in the volume following volume thefollowing Covid-19the National Covid-19 State National State of Disaster announcement of Disaster announcement and subsequent and hard subsequent hard EMPLOYMENT lockdown from lockdown late March from2020. late March 2020.

17%

13%

11%

20% 10% 30% 20%

30%

FOCUS AREAFOCUS AREA 20% 10%

11% 20% 10%

11% 6%

6% 4%

4% 3%

CORRUPTION IN CORRUPTION CORRUPTION IN IN CORRUPTION CORRUPTION IN IN CORRUPTION IN LICENSING SAPS SAPS SCHOOLS HEALTH SCHOOLS SECTOR HEALTH SECTOR

3%3%

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

LICENSING TRAFFIC

3%2%

2% 2%

ALLOCATION OF ALLOCATION TRAFFIC MININGOF HOUSES HOUSES

MINING

stly, following Lastly, the following declaration the declaration of the national of the national ate of disaster, state Corruption of disaster, Watch Corruption received Watch received 8 reports 418 of corruption reports ofpertaining corruptionto pertaining to vid-19. Most Covid-19. of these Most activities of these occurred activities occurred 50% 34% critical sectors in critical andsectors institutions and institutions such as such as e Department the Department of Labour’s of Temporary Labour’s Temporary40% mployer-Employee Employer-Employee Relief Scheme Relief benefits Scheme benefits 30% 7%), the distribution (37%), the distribution of food parcels of food by parcels by ainly localmainly municipalities local municipalities (20%), and the (20%), and the 20% uth African South Police African Service Police (12%). Service (12%).

TYPES OF COVID-19 TYPES OFCORRUPTION COVID-19 CORRUPTION

10%

50%

34%

40% 30%

16%

20%

16% 11%

11%11%

11% 5%

7% 5%

10%

fficials in these Officials sectors in these andsectors institutions, and institutions, as as ll as others, wellare as alleged others, to arehave alleged committed to have committed EMBEZZLEMENT BRIBERY ABUSE FRAUD BRIBERY FRAUD OF EMBEZZLEMENT ABUSE OF ABUSE MALADMIN- PROCURENT MALADMIN- ABUSE PROCURENT rrupt actscorrupt relatingacts to maladministration relating to maladministration ISTRATION IRREGULARITIES ISTRATION RESOURCES OF POWER OF POWER IRREGULARITIES RESOURCES 4%), misappropriation (34%), misappropriation of resourcesof(22%) resources (22%) d procurement and procurement corruption (16%). corruption (16%). e provinces Thefrom provinces which from the bulk which of the the bulk of the ported incidents reported are incidents receivedare arereceived Gautengare Gauteng 8%), KwaZulu-Natal (48%), KwaZulu-Natal (12%), and Eastern (12%), and Cape Eastern Cape d Westernand Cape Western (7% each). Cape (7% each).

COVID-19 CORRUPTION COVID-19 CORRUPTION HOTSPOTS HOTSPOTS

48% 48%

GAUTENG

5% UNKNOWN

NKNOWN

NORTH-WEST

GAUTENG

4% LIMPOPO

LIMPOPO

NORTH-WEST

FREE STATE

WESTERN CAPE

7% 418

30%

20% 10%

37%

20%

20% 12%

20%

12% 7% 6% 7%

18%

18% 6%

10%

MPUMALANGA TERS

FOOD PARCELS TERS FOOD POLICEPARCELSHEALTH POLICE RELIEF HEALTHOTHERRELIEF

OTHER

418 418

12%

40%

MPUMALANGA

EASTERN CAPE KWAZULU-NATAL

40%

NORTHERN CAPE NORTHERN CAPE

WESTERN CAPE

37%50%

5% FREE STATE

EASTERN CAPE

50%

COVID-19COVID-19 REPORTSREPORTS 12% RECEIVED RECEIVED IN 2020 IN 2020 KWAZULU-NATAL

HOTSPOTS 2020 CORRUPTIONCORRUPTION HOTSPOTS 2020 442

418

442

500 400 300

254 110

200

110 55

55 102

102 81

TRAFFIC IMMIGRATION

TRAFFIC MINING

MINING POLICING

104

POLICING HOUSING

SCHOOLS HOUSING

254 149

149

HEALTHCARE SCHOOLS

HEALTHCARE

100

COVID-19

LICENSING COVID-19

IMMIGRATION LICENSING

CORRUPTION CORRUPTION HOTSPOTS HOTSPOTS Abuse of power Abuse of power SEXTORTION SEXTORTION

Procurement corruption corrupti 443 REPORTS 443 REPORTSProcurement 7 REPORTS7 REPORTS Conflict of Conflict interest of interest

Bribery (tenders) Bribery (tenders) 334 REPORTSFronting Fronting EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT CORRUPTION CORRUPTION 334 REPORTS Procurement Procurement irregularities irregular Bribery (for Bribery a job)(for a job) 60 REPORTS 60 REPORTS Claiming time Claiming not worked time not worked 15 REPORTS 15 REPORTS BRIBERY BRIBERY PlacementPlacement 14 REPORTS 14 REPORTS Embezzlement Embezzlement of resources of resour Dual Employment Dual Employment 7 REPORTS7 REPORTS Ghost workers Ghost workers 8 REPORTS8 REPORTS Employment Employment irregularities irregularities 179 REPORTS 179 REPORTS NepotisticNepotistic appointments appointments 59 REPORTS 59 REPORTS

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

542 REPORTSFRAUD FRAUD 542 REPORTS 18 REPORTS 18 REPORTS FalsifyingFalsifying qualifications qualifications 103 REPORTS 103 REPORTS Fraud Fraud 33 REPORTS 33 REPORTS Fraudulent Fraudulent documents documents 388 REPORTS 388 REPORTS Ghost learners Ghost learners

497 REPORTS 497 REPORTS 4 REPORTS4 REPORTS 481 REPORTS 481 REPORTS 10 REPORTS 10 REPORTS 2 REPORTS2 REPORTS

Dereliction Dereliction of duty of duty 431 REPORTS 431 REPORTS

264 REPORTS 264 REPORTS

Maladministration Maladministration 183 REPORTS 183 REPORTS

582 REPORTS 582 REPORTS

LOCKDOWN LIFE

L O CKD OWN L I FE lockdown exposed the vast inequalities in South Africa. South Africa went into a hard lockdown at midnight on 26 March 2020. The national state of disaster, under which the lockdown was imposed, was due to end at midnight on 16 April but was extended several times and at the time of writing (February 2021) is still in effect. When the novel coronavirus, named Covid-19, began to rage across the world, people were afraid and disbelieving. It was like being in a film. South Africans too were hard-hit by the pandemic, particularly those who were already struggling financially – in other words, the greater part of our population. The lockdown exposed the vast inequalities in South Africa. Some people complained that they were unable to go to the hairdresser – but others lost their jobs, or had no money to buy food. Corruption Watch wanted to hear from people trying to come to terms with the severe restrictions on movement and the drastic effect on economic activities.

“I can be changed by what happens to me. But I refuse to be reduced by it.” 19

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

- Maya Angelou

RESEARCH

RESE RES AE RA CRCH H WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS Part of our work Part is ofdedicated our work is todedicated continually to continually extending the extending public knowledge the publicbase knowledge of how base of how corruption occurs corruption and also occurs seeking and also adaptive seeking adaptive interventionsinterventions to tackle it. Corruption to tackle it.itself Corruption is a itself is a moving target, moving so thetarget, more so knowledge the morethat knowledge is that is acquired on acquired an ongoing on basis, an ongoing the better. basis, the better. Our researchOur work research entails work publishing entailsa publishing wide a wide array of reports array across of reports different across sectors. different sectors. Over the years, Over wethe have years, learnt wethat havepeople learnt are that people are willing to getwilling involved, to get butinvolved, they cannot but they fight cannot fight against that against which they thatdon’t which know theyabout. don’t know about. That said, weThat have said, seen weanhave increase seen in an increase in corruption complaints corruptioneach complaints time a report each time a report is publicised,issupporting publicised,the supporting view thatthe an view that an increased knowledge increasedof knowledge corruptionofcan corruption help can help activate the public activate tothe resist public andto expose resist it. and expose it.

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS

In the year under In thereview, year under Corruption review,Watch Corruption in Watch in partnership with partnership the Water with Integrity the Water Network Integrity Network commissioned commissioned a research report, a research Money report, downMoney dow the Drain: Corruption the Drain:in Corruption South Africa’s in South water Africa’s wate sector. Authored sector. byAuthored Mike Muller, by Mike the report Muller, the report presented a presented systematicaanalysis systematic of corruption analysis of corruption in the water in sector the water and its sector impact. and its impact.

We shared the Wecorruption shared thetrends corruption as reported trends as reported by our whistle-blowers by our whistle-blowers during the first during half the of first half of 2020 through 2020 our through Analysisour of Corruption Analysis of Corruption Trends report, Trends morereport, detailsmore of which details appear of which appear below. Previously, below.our Previously, 2019 annual our 2019 report, annual report, The Writing The is onWriting the Wall is amplified on the Wall theamplified the voices and the voices plight and of the plight many of who the many who continued tocontinued suffer at the to suffer handsat ofthe hands of the corrupt. the corrupt.

We use the reports We usewe theget reports to analyse we getand to analyse and determine the determine types of corruption the types ofthat corruption are that are happening, and happening, the areas and in which the areas theyinare which they are happening. The happening. information The we information gather from we gather from these reportsthese is thus reports basedisdirectly thus based on people’s directly on people’s real-life experiences. real-life experiences. We use this information We use this information to work withto government work with government to eliminate loopholes to eliminate loopholes and weaknesses and weaknesses in policy andinlegislation. policy and legislation.

Corruption Corruption itself isitself a is a

movingmoving target,target, so the so the more knowledge more knowledge that that This is in lineThis withisour in line mandate with our to work mandate towards to work towards transparencytransparency and accountability and accountability within the within the is acquired is acquired on an on an private sector private and state sector institutions, and state helping institutions, helping to ensure that to corruption ensure thatiscorruption addressedisand addressed and reduced through reduced the promotion through theand promotion protection and protection ongoingongoing basis, the basis, better. the better of democracy, of rule democracy, of law and rulegood of law governance. and good governance.

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

ACT REPORT ACT REPORT

2020 2020ANALYSIS ANALYSISOF OF CORRUPTION CORRUPTIONTRENDS TRENDS

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

CORRUPTION WATCH, IN COLLABORATION WATCH, IN COLLABORATION In August, Corruption In August,Watch Corruption released Watch its third released its thirdCORRUPTION WITHFOR LAWYERS HUMAN FOR RIGHTS HUMAN AND RIGHTS AND edition of theedition Analysis of the of Corruption Analysis ofTrends Corruption Trends WITH LAWYERS SCALABRINI SCALABRINI CENTRE OFCENTRE CAPE TOWN, OF CAPE TOWN, (ACT) report(ACT) whichreport looks which at the whistle-blower looks at the whistle-blower RELEASED RELEASED A REPORT, COSTLY A REPORT, PROTECTION: COSTLY PROTECTION: reports that reports were received that were in the received first half in the of the first half of the CORRUPTION CORRUPTION IN SOUTH AFRICA’S IN SOUTH AFRICA’S year. The report year.revealed The report thatrevealed for the first thattime, for the first time, ASYLUM SYSTEM Corruption Watch Corruption received Watch more received reportsmore on reports on ASYLUM SYSTEM corruption incorruption policing than in policing in otherthan sectors in other suchsectors such which tracked which changes tracked in the changes asyluminsystem the asylum as system as as schools, healthcare, as schools,and healthcare, traffic and and licensing. traffic and licensing. well as corruption well asincorruption the refugee in reception the refugee offices. reception offices.

Our report titled Our X-Ray: report titled The Critical X-Ray: The State Critical of the State of the “The reports“The that we reports receive thatprovide we receive a snapshot provide a snapshot Health Sector Health in SASector exposed in SA the exposed impact ofthe impact of of the graft that of the hasgraft manifested that hasin manifested every sphere in every sphere corruption particularly corruptionon particularly those who onare those who are of government, of government, with the complicity with theofcomplicity the privateof the private dependent on dependent the publicon health the public care system health care for system for sector, and encompassing sector, and encompassing multiple sectors multiple in our sectors intheir our well-being. their well-being. society,” saidsociety, Corruption ” saidWatch’s Corruption Melusi Watch’s Ncala, Melusi Ncala, primary researcher primaryfor researcher this report. for this report. WE LAUNCHED WE LAUNCHED TRANSPARENCY TRANSPARENCY IN IN CORPORATECORPORATE REPORTING:REPORTING: SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH 2020AFRICA 2020 We receivedWe almost received 2 000almost whistle-blower 2 000 whistle-blower reports reports in with partnership the National with the Business National Initiative Business Initiative of corruptionofduring corruption the first during half the of the first year half–of the year –in partnership and the ODI, and an independent the ODI, an independent London-based London-based a rise of overa400 risereports of over compared 400 reportstocompared the to the global think-tank. globalThis think-tank. report evaluated This report the evaluated the same periodsame in 2019. period in 2019. transparencytransparency of corporate of reporting corporate by reporting 100 by 100 companies operating companies in operating South Africa. in South Africa. Lastly, the Our Lastly, Future theis Our notFuture for Sale is not report for Sale report focused on the focused perceptions on the perceptions and attitudesand of attitudes of young people young towards people corruption, towardsacorruption, very a very important constituency important constituency that Corruption thatWatch Corruption Watch continues tocontinues engage into addressing engage incorruption addressing corruption in South Africa. in South Africa.

The increased The increased numbernumber of people of people reporting reporting corruption corruption to us to us illustrated illustrated that thethat the TRANSPARENCY TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL (TI) (TI) will ofwill the public of the to public to EXPORTINGEXPORTING CORRUPTION CORRUPTION REPORT, 2020 REPORT, 2020 worked CW withworked TI in preparing with TI in the preparing section the section expose expose the corrupt the corrupt and and CW on South Africa on South for theAfrica 2020 for report, the 2020 Exporting report, Exporting Corruption. Corruption. This report looks This report at countries’ looks at countries’ seek consequences seek consequences enforcementenforcement of the OECDof International the OECD International Convention on Convention Combating onBribery Combating of Foreign Bribery of Foreign remained remained strongstrong even even Public Officials Public in International Officials in International Business Business Transactions.Transactions. CW engagedCW with engaged representatives with representatives during during the difficult the difficult early earlyfrom the National from the Prosecuting National Prosecuting Authority and Authority and the Department the Department of Public Service of Public and Service and days ofdays pandemic. of pandemic. Administration Administration in collating the in collating data on South the data on South

Africa’s investigation Africa’s investigation of foreign bribery of foreign offences. bribery offences. Almost 55% Almost of these55% reports of these camereports in aftercame the in after the declaration in declaration mid-March inof mid-March the national of the state national stateWHISTLE-BLOWER WHISTLE-BLOWER PROTECTION PROTECTION of disaster. Of ofthese disaster. reports, Of these 13%reports, alleged 13% alleged CW worked CW withworked Cliffe Dekker with Cliffe Hofmeyr Dekker to Hofmeyr to corruption incorruption the South in African the South Police African Service, Police Service,produce a manual produce foraemployees manual forand employees employers and employers while municipal while offices, municipal schools, offices, andschools, traffic and and traffic and on their rights onand their obligations rights andfor obligations whistle-blower for whistle-blower licensing centres licensing eachcentres accounted eachfor accounted 5% of thefor 5% of the protection. This protection. manual This will form manual partwill of the form part of the reports, and reports, the health and sector the health camesector in at 4%. came in at 4%. broader whistle-blower broader whistle-blower project CW has project adopted CW has adopted for 2020/2021. forCW 2020/2021. was invited CW to was various invited to various Together, these Together, constituted these around constituted a third around a third roundtables roundtables and seminars and dedicated seminars todedicated the to the of the overallofnumber the overall of reports number received of reports over received overissue of whistle-blowing issue of whistle-blowing in the periodin the period the period. the period. under review.under review.

COLLABORATION COLLABORATION DURING 2020DURING 2020

C OLLA C OLLAB BO ROATR ATI O NI O N D URI D URIN GN 2G 02 0 2 0

Tackling corruption Tacklingcan corruption be complex can for be a complex variety for a variety organisations, organisations, mobilised formobilised anti-corruption for anti-corruption of reasons; hence of reasons; adopting hence a multidisciplinary adopting a multidisciplinary activities each activities Friday, each usingFriday, the hashtag using the hashtag approach byapproach means of by effective meanscollaborations of effective collaborations and and #OrangeMaskFriday. #OrangeMaskFriday. The campaign The also campaign called also called partnershipspartnerships with key stakeholders with key stakeholders can greatly can greatly on the publicon tothe demonstrate public to demonstrate their outragetheir against outrage again assist in strengthening assist in strengthening anti-corruption anti-corruption efforts. efforts. Covid-19 corruption Covid-19bycorruption donning orange by donning masks orange at masks a strategic public strategic spots public throughout spotsthe throughout country the country Some of theSome successful of the collaborations successful collaborations every Friday.every Friday. in 2020 include: in 2020 include: Budget Justice Budget Coalition Justice – this Coalition is a coalition – this isofa coalition of Health Sector Health Anti-Corruption Sector Anti-Corruption Forum – thisForum is – this is society organisations civil civil society organisations which aims to which buildaims to build a multi-stakeholder a multi-stakeholder body appointed bodybyappointed Presidentby President collaborativecollaborative public participation public participation in the in the Ramaphosa,Ramaphosa, comprised ofcomprised government of government understanding understanding of South Africa’s of South budget Africa’s and budget and departments,departments, civil society, civil law enforcement society, law enforcement planning processes. planningItprocesses. convenes budget It convenes advocacy budget advoca agencies andagencies the private andsector. the private Its aim sector. is to fight Its aim is toto fight ensure that to the ensure government that the government advances social, advances social, fraud and corruption fraud andincorruption the healthin sector. the health At thesector. Ateconomic the and economic environmental and environmental justice that upholds justice that uphold end of the year, endthe of the forum year, had thereceived forum had 20 received 20 people’s rights, people’s quality rights, of lifequality and dignity of life in and a dignity in a allegations ofallegations corruptionofand corruption maladministration. and maladministration. developmental, developmental, equitable and equitable redistributive and redistributive way. way Out of theseOut cases, of these 13 were cases, under 13 investigation were under investigation 5 while three allegations while threewere allegations assessed were and assessed closed5. and closed . Extractives Extractives Industry Transparency Industry Transparency Initiative Initiative (EITI) – this (EITI) is the global – this is standard the global for standard the good for the good National Anti-Corruption National Anti-Corruption Strategy Reference Strategy Reference governance governance of oil, gas and of mineral oil, gas and resources. mineral resources. Group – thisGroup group –was thistasked groupwith was developing tasked withan developing anthe EITI Under Under standard, the EITI natural standard, resources natural in resources in anti-corruption anti-corruption strategy for South strategy Africa for South whichAfrica was which was implementing implementing countries arecountries governedare to governed promote to promot later approved later byapproved the Cabinet. by the In his Cabinet. 2021 State In hisof2021 State of transparency transparency and accountability. and accountability. We teamed up We teamed up the Nation Address, the Nation President Address, Ramaphosa President Ramaphosa with EITI to mobilise with EITIthe to mobilise South African the South government African governm confirmed that confirmed the implementation that the implementation of the strategy of the strategy to become ato member becomeofathe member EITI standard of the EITI of standard of was underway was asunderway well as the asappointment well as the appointment of the oftransparency the transparency in the mininginsector. the mining sector. National Anti-Corruption National Anti-Corruption Advisory Council. Advisory Council. We also collaborated We also collaborated with Amabhunghane, with Amabhunghane, Open Ope Civil SocietyCivil Working Society Group Working on State Group Capture on State – Capture – Ownership, the Ownership, Department the Department of Public Service of Public and Service an this is a coalition this isofacivil coalition society of organisations. civil society organisations. It It Administration, Administration, and the Financial and the Intelligence Financial Intelligence aims to strengthen aims toand strengthen challenge and the challenge work of the the work of the to help Centre Centre develop to help beneficial develop ownership beneficial ownership Zondo Commission Zondo Commission and also plays and analso oversight plays an oversight transparencytransparency standards through standards the Open through the Open role over therole commission over the commission in the interest in of the the interest of the GovernmentGovernment Partnership process. Partnership process. public. The working public. The group working has made group numerous has made numerous submissionssubmissions to the commission. to the commission. In partnership In with partnership the International with the International Council Council on Mining and on Metals Miningwe anddeveloped Metals wea developed business a business Stop Covid-19 Stop Corruption/Orange Covid-19 Corruption/Orange Mask Mask integrity toolintegrity to assess tool their to assess policiestheir and policies and Campaign –Campaign #OrangeMaskFriday – #OrangeMaskFriday Campaign. Campaign. procedures against procedures corruption againsttrends, corruption vulnerability trends, vulnerabi This initiative, This ledinitiative, by the Ahmed led byKathrada the Ahmed Kathrada and risks in mineral and risks approvals in mineral processes, approvalsorprocesses, or Foundation in Foundation collaboration in collaboration with other civil with society other civil society engagements engagements with government with government and third parties. and third parties

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

5. https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/siu-forum-probing5. https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/siu-forum-pro 13-cases-of-corruption-and-maladministration-in-health-sector-20201205 13-cases-of-corruption-and-maladministration-in-health-sector-2020

CAMPAIGNS CAMPAIGNS

CA M PA CA IMPA GNSI GNS

P OPOL L I C EI CCE ORRUPTI CORRUPTO NIO N TYPES OFTYPES CORRUPTION OF CORRUPTION

WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS The South African The South Police African Service Police (Saps), Service (Saps), according toaccording the GlobaltoCorruption the GlobalBarometer Corruption Barometer 50% (2019) and Corruption (2019) andWatch’s Corruption Youth Watch’s Youth Perceptions Perceptions survey (2020), survey is the(2020), most corrupt is the most corrupt 40% institution ininstitution South Africa. in South Its apartheid-era Africa. Its apartheid-era culture of impunity, culture brutality of impunity, andbrutality abuse ofand power abuse of power 30% has found itshas wayfound into democratic its way intoSouth democratic Africa,South Africa, reducing public reducing confidence publicin confidence the police in service the police service and tarnishing and the tarnishing courageous the efforts courageous of those efforts of those 20% dedicated police dedicated officers police who officers risk their who lives risk their lives daily to makedaily our to country make aour safer country place.a safer place. 10%

50%

29%

10%

DERELECTION OF DUTY

9% 27

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

ABUSE DERELECTION OF POWER ABUSE OF POWER BRIBERY OF DUTY

GAUTENG

6% LIMPOPO

LIMPOPO

NORTH-WEST

FREE STATE

NORTHERN CAPE NORTHERN CAPE

WESTERN CAPE 9%

BRIBERY

50% 50% NORTH-WEST

27%

20%

REPORTSREPORTS RECEIVED RECEIVED IN 2020IN 2020

28% 27%

30%

As a country,As wea continue country, we to experience continue to experience increasing levels increasing of crime levels andof corruption, crime and corruption, which is aided which and is abetted aided and by the abetted very by the very institutions that institutions were setthat up to were mitigate set upand to mitigate and combat these combat issues.these A corrupt issues. and A brutal corruptpolice and brutal police service hinders service our access hinderstoour adequate access to justice, adequate justice, and obstructs and ourobstructs constitutional our constitutional right to safety, right to safety, dignity and in dignity some and extreme in some cases, extreme the right cases, to the right to life – think oflife Nathaniel – think of Julies, Nathaniel CollinsJulies, Khoza Collins Khoza and many others! and many others!

442 442

29% 28%

40%

EASTERN CAPE

MPUMALANGA

14%

KWAZULU-NATAL KWAZULU-NATAL EASTERN CAPE

WESTERN CAPE

4% 3%

UNKNOWN

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS The impactThe of impact the Covid-19 of thelockdown Covid-19 lockdown affected our affected abilityour toability executetoface-to-face execute face-to-face activitiesactivities with our constituents with our constituents and communities. and communities. But despite Butthese despite limitations, these limitations, Corruption Corruption Watch undertook Watch undertook the following the following in 2020: in 2020: •

• mass Conducted Conducted training mass interventions training interventions on the public’s on rights the public’s in relation rights toin policing. relation to policing.Increased public Increased discussion public and discussion debate and debate These training These sessions training were sessions conducted were conducted is currently is taking currently placetaking on theplace stateon of the state of on prominent oncommunity prominentradio community stations radio stations policing in South policing Africa. in South This was Africa. brought This was brought in Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, in Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, MpumalangaMpumalanga on by the flagrant on by brutality, the flagrant abuse brutality, of power abuse of power and the Eastern and Cape; the Eastern Cape; and bribery that and was bribery experienced that was experienced during during

•

the various levels the various of the levels national of the Covid-19 national Covid-19 • Made a submission Made a submission on the Sapson the Saps lockdown, aslockdown, well as the asglobal well as the global AmendmentAmendment Bill that focused Bill that on focused on spotlight placed spotlight on policing placedby onthe policing by the individuals who individuals have been whoappointed have been appointed #BlackLivesMatter #BlackLivesMatter movement. movement. to the policeto service the police and who service have and often who have often lacked the necessary lacked theexperience, necessary expertise experience, expertise and integrityand – which integrity has –resulted which has in resulted in rampant corruption rampantwithin corruption the Saps within andthe Saps and fuelled growing fuelled public growing distrust public towards distrust towards the institution; the institution;

•

• an Developed Developed open data antool, open which data was tool, which was launched inlaunched 2021, thatin will 2021, enhance that will enhance transparencytransparency and accountability and accountability in in South Africa’s South police Africa’s service. police Thisservice. tool willThis tool will allow the public allow tothe access public information to access on information all on all 1 100 police stations 1 100 police in the stations country, in the report country, report police corruption policeincorruption real time, and in real rate time, the and rate the services thatservices they receive that they fromreceive variousfrom various police stations. police stations.

In 2020, Corruption In 2020, Watch Corruption recorded Watch the recorded the highest number highest of police number corruption of police corruption reports in its reports history, inreceiving its history, 442 receiving 442 whistle-blower whistle-blower reports. Of these reports. Of these whistle-blower whistle-blower reports, 10%reports, are linked 10% toare linked to the Covid-19the national Covid-19 lockdown national and lockdown the and the state’s response state’s to the response pandemic. to the pandemic.

Public trust Public in the police trust inservice the police service continues tocontinues diminish to with diminish 76% of with 76% of respondentsrespondents in CorruptioninWatch’s Corruption Youth Watch’s Youth Perceptions Perceptions survey identifying surveythe identifying Saps the Saps to be the most to be corrupt the most institution corrupt ininstitution in the country. the country.

CAMPAIGNS CAMPAIGNS

C A M PA CA IMPA GNSI GNS

H E HA ELTA HLTHCORRUPTI CORRUPTO NIO N TYPES OFTYPES CORRUPTION OF CORRUPTION

WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS Corruption inCorruption the provision in the of health provision care ofishealth care is 25% a global problem a global andproblem its magnitude, and its already magnitude, already significant insignificant both rich and in both poorrich countries, and poor countries, has been exacerbated has been exacerbated by the globalby Covid-19 the global Covid-19 20% pandemic. For pandemic. a number For of ayears, number the of South years, the South African health African sectorhealth has been sector a particularly has been a particularly 15% lucrative locale lucrative for corruption locale fortocorruption take place.to take place. From politician From to patient, politician corruption to patient,has corruption has become a standard becomepractice a standard in our practice healthcare in our healthcare 10% system, and system, along with andbudget along with austerity, budget it has austerity, it has posed a serious posed threat a serious to the threat majority to the of the majority of the 5% population that population rely on public that rely healthcare. on publicWhilst healthcare. Whilst many were aware many of were theaware weaknesses of the weaknesses of both the of both the public and private publichealth and private facilities, health Covid-19 facilities, laidCovid-19 laid bare just how bare vulnerable just howthe vulnerable sector truly theis. sector truly is. Decades of misappropriation Decades of misappropriation and theft of and theft of resources, procurement resources, procurement corruption, and corruption, bribery and bribery were exposed were when exposed our health whenfacilities our health could facilities could not contend not withcontend the vastwith numbers the vast of people numbers of people needing treatment needing fortreatment Covid-19.for It isCovid-19. in this light It is in this light that we can clearly that wemake can clearly the case make thatthe case that corruption iscorruption not a silentiseconomic not a silent crime; economic it has crime; it has a real impactaon real the impact delivery on of theservices deliveryand of services the and the realisation ofrealisation our basic human of our basic right human to right to adequate healthcare. adequate healthcare.

149 149

REPORTSREPORTS RECEIVEDRECEIVED 8% IN 2020IN 2020 29

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

21%

25%

15%

15% 11%

11%

PROCUREMENT EMPLOYMENT CORRUPTION CORRUPTION

EMPLOYMENT FRAUD CORRUPTION

FRAUD

20% 15% 10% 5%

PROCUREMENT CORRUPTION

36% 36% GAUTENG

NORTH-WEST

GAUTENG

6% LIMPOPO

LIMPOPO

NORTH-WEST

FREE STATE

EASTERN CAPE

WESTERN CAPE

MPUMALAN

12%

KWAZULU-NATAL KWAZULU-N EASTERN CAPE

WESTERN CAPE

12%

MPUMALANGA

FREE STATE

NORTHERN CAPE NORTHERN CAPE

13% 12%

13%

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS

INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL LOCATIONLOCATION 46%

46%

50% 40%

29%

29% 16%

30% 20%

16% 5%

4%5%

10%

PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT

NATIONAL PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT

PRIVATE NATIONAL LOCAL PRIVATE GOVERNMENT SECTOR GOVERNMENT SECTOR

NGO LOCAL GOVERNMENT

Corruption Watch Corruption continues Watchtocontinues be an to be an active member active of the member Health ofSector the Health Sector Anti-Corruption Anti-Corruption Forum (HSACF) Forum – (HSACF) – a multi-stakeholder a multi-stakeholder body comprised bodyofcomprised of government government departments,departments, civil society, civil law society, law enforcementenforcement agencies andagencies the private andsector. the private sector. Through thisThrough forum, Corruption this forum,Watch Corruption has Watch has been referring been whistle-blower referring whistle-blower complaints complaints for investigation for investigation / intervention / intervention by by various bodies. various bodies.

4% As a memberAsofa the member HSACF, of the Corruption HSACF, Corruption

Watch hosted Watch four hosted webinars four onwebinars issues on issues relating to corruption relating toin corruption the publicinand the public and private health private sector. health Topics sector. included Topics an included an overview of the overview HSACF of and the the HSACF work and it has the work it has NGO completed tocompleted date, the National to date, the Health National Health Insurance’s vulnerability Insurance’s vulnerability to corruption,tofraud corruption, fraud and collusionand in the collusion privateinhealth the private sector, health sector, and lastly, updates and lastly, fromupdates heads of from South heads of South Africa’s top law Africa’s enforcement top law enforcement agencies on agencies on their investigations their investigations into Covid-19into Covid-19 related corruption. related corruption. In July 2020,InCorruption July 2020, Watch Corruption released Watch a released a report on corruption report onin corruption the healthinsector the health sector based on the based whistle-blower on the whistle-blower reports thatreports that the organisation the organisation received from received the public. from the public. The report, titled The report, X-ray: The titledcritical X-ray: state The critical of state of the health sector the health in SA,sector revealed in SA, trends, revealed trends, patterns andpatterns hotspotsand of corruption hotspots ofincorruption the in the health sector.health sector. We conducted We mass conducted training mass interventions training interventions on corruption onin corruption the healthcare in the sector, healthcare via sector, via prominent community prominentradio community stations radio in stations in four provinces. four provinces.

Given the state’s Givenfailure the state’s concerning failure concerning procurement procurement during the pandemic, during the pandemic, Corruption Watch Corruption continues Watchtocontinues demand to demand transparency transparency and reform of and the reform tender of the tender processes to processes avoid future to avoid misuse future and misuse and abuse of public abuse funds. of public Through funds. ourThrough our Open Contracting Open Contracting for Health project, for Health project, we are working we are towards working andtowards and advocating advocating for greater public for greater access public access to contracting to contracting informationinformation so that thirdso that third parties can parties effectively canmonitor effectively themonitor the implementation implementation of tenders. of tenders.

READ MORE READ > MORE >

CAMPAIGNS CAMPAIGNS

H E A LTH EAH CORRU LT H COPTR RIOU PNT IO N

OPEN OP E CONTRACTIN N CONTRACTIN GG FORFORH E HALTH EALTH(OC4 (OC4H) H) PR PROJEC OJEC T T We are engaging We are with engaging the National with the Health National Health Insurance (NHI) Insurance process, (NHI) andprocess, have been and have been involved in joint involved strategy in joint meetings strategy meetings Through ourThrough engagements our engagements with various with civil various civil (spearheaded (spearheaded by SECTION27) by SECTION27) regarding regarding society organisations, society organisations, we realised that we realised efforts that effortsadvocacy around advocacy NHI. around NHI. to monitor the to implementation monitor the implementation of tenders is of tenders is We attendedWe a TI-convened attended a TI-convened workshop inworkshop in undermined undermined by the lack ofbyaccess the lack to of information. access to information. Kenya in February Kenya in 2020 February which 2020 focused which on focused on Requests under Requests PAIA are under routinely PAIA are metroutinely with themet with the the implementation the implementation of open contracting of open in contracting in lawful ground lawful of refusal ground that of the refusal information that the information developing countries. developing countries. is commercially is commercially and legally sensitive. and legally sensitive. Our supplier, Our Open supplier, CitiesOpen Lab, is Cities due to Lab, is due to complete the complete task of mapping the task of allmapping the all the We thereforeWe undertook thereforelegal undertook research legal research available information available information currently published currently published to determinetoexactly determine which exactly information which has information has on governmental on governmental procurement procurement portals. portals. to be published, to beways published, to access ways it, to and access what it, and what This will enable Thisus will to enable make us to make is actually considered is actuallyto considered be legally to and be legally and recommendations recommendations on how this publication on how this publication commerciallycommercially sensitive. sensitive. can be improved can be and improved will be an and important will be an important advocacy tool advocacy for CW. tool for CW.

WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS

The OC4H project The OC4H continues projecttocontinues be actively to be actively involved in Imali involved Yethu, in Imali a coalition Yethu,of a coalition civil of civil society organisations society organisations working with working the with the We worked We withworked TI to develop with TIato develop a National Treasury National to Treasury make budget to make budget comprehensive comprehensive activity planactivity for 2020/2021 plan for 2020/2021 information more information accessible, moreuser-friendly accessible, user-friendly which takes which account takes of the account legislative of the legislative and empowering and empowering through the Vulekamali through the Vulekamali opportunitiesopportunities in South Africa, in South as well Africa, as the as well as the data portal. data portal. uncertaintiesuncertainties presented bypresented Covid-19 and by Covid-19 and the lockdown. the lockdown.

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

The initial Vulekamali The initialproject Vulekamali has come project to has come to The Open Contracting PartnershipPartnership hosted The Open Contracting hosted an end, but Imali an end, Yethu butisImali engaging Yethu with is engaging the with thetraining sessions onsessions our behalfon forour journalists training behalf for journalists treasury on setting treasury upon a second setting up phase a second of thephase of the and civil society December. and in civil society in December. project to ensure project that to the ensure momentum that the is momentum is not lost. not lost. CW authored a joint article with article FTI Consulting, CW authored a joint with FTI Consulting, titled South titled Africa’s governance structures need South Africa’s governance structures need The project The commissioned project commissioned an opinion on an opinion onan overhaul an to address overhaulcorruption to addresschallenge. corruption challenge. the Public Procurement the Public Procurement Bill which was Bill which was The piece discussed the need for the a more The piece discussed need for a more completed by completed Adv Johan byDe Adv Waal Johan of the De Waal Cape of the Cape transparent procurement system, and system, set out and set out transparent procurement Bar, and used Bar, to and inform used some to inform parts some parts the benefits the of open contracting. benefits of open contracting. of CW’s submission of CW’s in submission mid-year on in mid-year the bill on the bill to Parliament. to CW Parliament. and the CW Public and Affairs the Public Affairs Through theThrough OC4H project the OC4H and the project Procurement and the Procurement Research Institute Research alsoInstitute sent an also opensent letter an open letterWatch project, Watch we have project, triedwe tohave develop triedan toapproach develop an approach to the president to the and president the minister and the of finance, minister of finance, to monitoring toprocurement monitoring procurement and engaging and with engaging the with the calling for them calling to exercise for themgreater to exercise leadership greater leadership issue of procurement issue of procurement reform. This will reform. formThis a major will form a major in the Procurement in the Procurement Bill process. Bill process. focus in 2021.focus This in engagement 2021. This engagement has wide interface has wide interface with monitoring withgovernment’s monitoring government’s response to the response to the We commissioned Professor Geo Quinot Geo fromQuinot We commissioned Professor Covid-19 from pandemic. Covid-19We pandemic. wrote detailed We wrote letters detailed to letters to National Treasury, National which Treasury, went unanswered, which went unanswered, relating relating the University Stellenbosch to develop ato develop a theof University of Stellenbosch to howprocurement emergency procurement was taking place. was taking place. note on emergency note on procurement emergency procurement (with a (with ato how emergency focus on procurement focus on procurement under the current understate the current state However, CW However, was ableCW to develop was ablea to profile develop as aa profile as a of disaster). of disaster). thought leader thought on issues leader relating on issues to procurement relating to procurement fraud and corruption fraud andincorruption the periodinunder the period reviewunder in review in no small partno tosmall the focused part to attention the focused given attention to the given to the issue through issue the focus through onthe health focus and ontransparency. health and transparency.

CAMPAIGNS CAMPAIGNS

CA MPAIGNS CAMPAIGNS

LEADERSHIP LEADERSHIPAPPOINTMENTS APPOINTMENTS The objectives The objectives of our of work ourinvolve work involve advocating advocating for for candidates candidates to be appointed to be appointed in a transparent in a transparent manner. manner. WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS

Since 2016, Corruption Since 2016,Watch Corruption has actively Watch focused has actively focused Whilst the process Whilst to theappoint processthe to Ipid appoint executive the Ipid executiv on campaigning on campaigning around appointment around appointment processes processes director wasdirector flawed and waslacked flawedmerit, and lacked and merit, and of leaders toof institutions leaders toin institutions our criminal in our justice criminal justiceselection of the selection NLC chairperson of the NLC chairperson is still underway is still under system, state-owned system, state-owned enterprises, and enterprises, institutions and institutions (at the time of (atwriting the time this ofreport), writing our this involvement report), our involvem established under established Chapter under 9 ofChapter the Constitution 9 of the Constitution in the process in to theappoint processthe to AG appoint resulted the AG in resulted in of South Africa. of South Africa. a highly skilled a highly and qualified skilled and candidate qualified assuming candidate assum office as the office first female as theAG firstinfemale South AG Africa. in South Africa. The objectives Theofobjectives our work involve of our work advocating involvefor advocating for candidates to candidates be appointed to beinappointed a transparent in a transparent Aside from the Aside fivefrom submissions the five submissions made on themade on the manner, ensuring manner, thatensuring individuals thatare individuals assessedare assessedabove-mentioned above-mentioned appointments appointments to various to various against clear,against merit-based clear, merit-based criteria, and criteria, creatingand creating parliamentary parliamentary committees, committees, Corruption Watch Corruption Watch avenues for public avenues participation for public participation in the process. in the process.made a submission made a to submission the Judicial toCommission the Judicial Commissio of Inquiry into of State Inquiry Capture, into State which Capture, highlighted which highlighte IndependentIndependent and robust institutions and robustthat institutions act that act the National the Assembly’s National role Assembly’s in the appointment role in the appointme in the publicin interest, the public andinterest, who operate and who without operate withoutof leadershipofpositions leadership to key positions oversight to key institutions. oversight institu fear, favour or fear, prejudice, favour or are prejudice, imperative aretoimperative to safeguardingsafeguarding South Africa’s South constitutional Africa’s constitutional democracy. The democracy. collapseThe of these collapse institutions of thesegives institutions gives rise to a state rise where to a there state where are no there adequate are no checks adequate checks and balances, and where balances, impunity where prevails, impunity andprevails, where and where the public is the made public vulnerable is madetovulnerable the abuseto ofthe ourabuse of our constitutional constitutional rights. rights.

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS In 2020, we In focused 2020, we on three focused keyon appointments: three key appointments:

The executive The director executive of the director of the IndependentIndependent Policing Investigative Policing Investigative Directorate (Ipid); Directorate (Ipid);

2. 3.

The auditor-general The auditor-general (AG) (AG) of South Africa; of South Africa;

Our submission Our made submission five recommendations made five recommendations that range from arange review from of the a review necessary of thelegislation necessary legislatio and establishing and establishing multi-stakeholder multi-stakeholder appointmentappointme The chairperson The chairperson of the of the structures, tostructures, integrity testing, to integrity transparency testing, transparency and a National Lotteries National Commission Lotteries Commission (NLC). (NLC). public participation. public participation.

2. 3.

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

SNAPSHOT SNAPSHOT

n July 2020, In the parliamentary Ad Hoc Committee July 2020, the parliamentary Ad Hoc Committee Following a rigorous Following vetting, a rigorous interviewing vetting, interviewing and and n the Appointment of the Auditor-General on the Appointment of the Auditor-General deliberationsdeliberations process, Parliament process,recommended Parliament recommended onsidered the proposals submitted bysubmitted Corruption considered the proposals by Corruption that Tsakanethat Maluleke Tsakane be Maluleke appointedbeasappointed the as the Watch and sought legal opinion. The opinion. legal The legal auditor-general, Watch aand sought a legal auditor-general, stepping intostepping the esteemed into the shoes esteemed shoes pinion confirmed Corruption opinionthat confirmed thatWatch’s Corruption Watch’s of the late Kimi of the Makwethu. late KimiIn Makwethu. NovemberIn2020, November 2020, ubmission was in line with constitutional submission wasthe in line with the constitutional President Ramaphosa President Ramaphosa confirmed this confirmed this bligation forobligation fair and transparent for fair and appointment transparent appointment appointment.appointment. This processThis undertaken process by undertaken the by the rocesses, and as a result, Hoc Committee processes, andthe as Ad a result, the Ad Hoc Committee Ad Hoc Committee Ad Hocsets Committee a positive sets precedent a positivefor precedent for mended itsamended schedule its forschedule the selection process. for the selection process. future parliamentary future parliamentary appointments. appointments.

CAMPAIGNS CAMPAIGNS

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

Y IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS

always As theiscase, always corruption the case,iscorruption not just is not just lic sector a public issue sector – the private issue –sector the private and business sector and elite business elite eeply implicated are deeplytoo. implicated Better transparency too. Better transparency through through rate reporting corporate is an reporting important is an step important in the fight stepagainst in the fight against The five top-ranked The fivecompanies top-rankedare: companies are: ption incorruption and by business. in and by business.

TOP 5 COMPANIES TOP 5 COMPANIES

parency Transparency on activities on andactivities performance and performance through through rate reporting corporate is areporting crucial element is a crucial of corporate element of corporate nance,governance, and contributes and towards contributes better towards performance better performance – – improves it also market improves competition market competition and creates peer and creates peer ure, driving pressure, performance driving performance improvement. improvement.

1. RMB1. RMB

R INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS

3. Exxaro 3. Exxaro Resources Resources

conducting After an conducting extensivean study, extensive in December study, in2020 December 2020 ption Watch, Corruption in partnership Watch, in with partnership the Oversees with the Oversees opmentDevelopment Institute andInstitute the National and the Business National Initiative, Business Initiative, sed thereleased Transparency the Transparency in CorporateinReporting: Corporate Reporting: h AfricaSouth report. Africa report.

4. FirstRand 4. FirstRand

methodology The methodology involved accessing involved public accessing information public –information – nual reports in annual and on reports websites and on – ofwebsites 100 corporations – of 100 corporations ting in operating South Africa, in South to score Africa, theirtoreporting score their across reporting across themes: three themes:

2. City2.Lodge City Lodge

5. STANDARD 5. STANDARD BANK BANK all of which averaged all of which 85.3% averaged across85.3% all across all themes, withthemes, an average withof an88.6% average for of 88.6% for their anti-corruption their anti-corruption programmes.programmes.

THEIR ANTI-CORRUPTION THEIR ANTI-CORRUPTION PROGRAMMES PROGRAMMES policy, management policy, management and activities; and activities;

THEIR ORGANISATIONAL THEIR ORGANISATIONAL TRANSPARENCY TRANSPARENCY information on information subsidiaryonand subsidiary and associated companies; associated companies;

THEIR COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY THEIR COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY REPORTINGREPORTING OF KEY FINANCIAL OF KEY FINANCIAL DATA DATA for operations foroutside operations of South outside Africa. of South Africa.

ample The covers sample all industries covers alland industries includes: and includes:

11 11 61 STATE-OWNED 07 STATE-OWNED 21 FOREIGN 21 FOREIGN ENTERPRISES ENTERPRISES MULTINATIONALS MULTINATIONALS

LARGELY PRIVATELY JSE-LISTEDJSE-LISTED LARGELY PRIVATELY OWNED COMPANIES COMPANIES COMPANIESOWNED COMPANIES

eight of which have eight of which have JSE listings JSE listings

00 companies The 100incompanies the sample inscored the sample an average scored an average 5% across of 59.5% the three across themes. the three themes.

esults The of our results studyof found our study that companies found that companies d an average scored of: an average of:

7% 58.7% 89.9% 89.9% 36.2% 36.2%

corruption Anti-corruption Organisational Organisational Country-by-country Country-by-country ammes programmes transparency transparency reporting reporting

Five lowest Five lowest ranking ranking companies companies The five lowest-ranking The five lowest-ranking companies ARE: companies ARE:

1. Concor 1. Concor Construction Construction 2. Premier 2. Premier Foods Foods 3. Virgin 3. Mobile Virgin Mobile 4. Primedia 4. Primedia 5. Arena 5. (Times Arena (Times Media)Media) all of which scored all of which below scored 5%. below 5%.

CAMPAIGNS CAMPAIGNS

THETHEIMPACT IMPACTOF OF CORRUPTION CORRUPTIONON ONWOMEN WOMEN WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS

that proposed sextortion that besextortion defined by be defined by Corruption inCorruption South Africa in South is a system Africaof is power, a system of power,We proposedWe both anti-corruption both anti-corruption and anti-GBV and legislation, anti-GBV legislation playing on forces playing of demand on forcesand of demand supply, and and the supply, and the and be as established a specificas offence. a specific offence. influence that influence comes from that comes being infrom a position being in of a position ofand be established Corruption, defined inas the defined Prevention in theand Prevention and authority. However, authority. corruption However,iscorruption not the only is not the only Corruption, as Combating of Combating Corrupt Activities of Corrupt Act, Activities does Act, does power structure power that structure exists inthat South exists African in South African provide for the provide scopefor ofthe sexual scope favours of sexual to befavours to be society – racism, society class, – racism, and political class, and connections political connections considered corruption. consideredHowever, corruption. byHowever, allowing by allowing are obvious ones are obvious linked to ones corruption. linked to corruption. for prosecution for prosecution of both parties of both to theparties offence, to the offence it does nottake necessarily into consideration take into consideration However, another However, extremely another pervasive extremely power pervasive power it does not necessarily unequal power unequal dynamics power that dynamics might result that might in result in system in oursystem country in is our patriarchy, country isfor patriarchy, our for our the forced of exchange sexual favours of sexual for favours for purposes defined purposes verydefined simply as very a hierarchy simply asof a hierarchy of the forced exchange access needs to basic and services. needs and services. sexes withinsexes society, within where society, men are where at the men topare at the top access to basic lack of awareness lack ofofawareness sextortionof sextortion and women and are at women the bottom. are at The the bottom. persistence The persistence Furthermore,Furthermore, as a form of corruption as a form ofmay corruption contribute maytocontribute to of patriarchyof inpatriarchy South Africa in South is a dominant Africa is a dominant under-reporting. under-reporting. In addition toInthis addition proposal, to this proposal, contributing contributing factor to its high factor rates to its ofhigh rates of Corruption emphasised Watch emphasised the necessitythe necessity gender-based gender-based violence (GBV), violence with some (GBV),ofwith the some of theCorruption Watch of tackling attitudes police andattitudes police and police highest rateshighest of raperates and femicide of rape and in the femicide world. in the world.of tackling police address GBV, to address considering GBV, that considering that In many instances, In many the instances, cultures the of corruption cultures of corruption corruption tocorruption thean police integral playrole an integral in the access role in the access and patriarchy andintersect patriarchy – the intersect impact–ofthe which impact of which the police play to justice forto survivors. justice for Drawing survivors. on anecdotal Drawing on anecdotal we at Corruption we atWatch Corruption are committed Watch aretocommitted to reports of patriarchal reports ofattitudes patriarchal within attitudes policing within policing investigatinginvestigating and resolving. and resolving. services, as well services, as reports as wellthat as reports we received, that we received,

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS

we argued wethat argued police that must police must Before Parliament Beforeare Parliament three bills are amending three bills amending have improved, have improved, feminist-oriented feminist-oriente various laws,various in orderlaws, to combat in orderthe to GBV combat the GBV scourge in South scourge Africa. in South In October, Africa.Corruption In October, Corruption training training in anti-GBV in anti-GBV as well as as well as Watch madeWatch a submission made a to submission Parliament, to Parliament, which focused which on the focused intersection on the intersection of corruptionof corruption anti-corruption, anti-corruption, in order in toorder deliver to de with gender-based with gender-based violence. violence. better services better services to survivorS. to survivorS. 37

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

CAMPAIGNS CAMPAIGNS

CA MPAIGNS CAMPAIGNS

YOUTH YOUTHANDANDCORRUPTION CORRUPTION WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS Throughout history, Throughout young history, people young have people been have been at the forefront at the of the forefront fight for of justice, the fight for justice, accountability accountability and a better and world. a better In every world. In every generation, its generation, youth have itsbeen youthvocal haveand been vocal and radical in challenging radical in power challenging and demanding power and demanding change. The change. current generation The currentisgeneration no different. is no different. But today’s youth But today’s have ayouth lot to have contend a lotwith to contend – with – the existential the threat existential of climate threat change, of climate change, capitalism incapitalism all its manifestations, in all its manifestations, growing growing inequality, unemployment, inequality, unemployment, addiction, addiction, gender-based gender-based violence, andviolence, economic and collapse, economic collapse, while rampant while corruption rampanthas corruption undoubtedly has undoubtedly placed a price placed tag on a price our futures. tag on our futures. Corruption Watch Corruption understands Watch understands that in orderthat to in order to tip the corruption tip thescales corruption in South scales Africa in South towardAfrica toward a corrupt-free a corrupt-free society, young society, people young have people to be have to be active in the active fight against in the fight corruption. againstThe corruption. mass The mass looting of public looting funds of public and impunity funds and within impunity both within both the public and theprivate publicsectors and private will result sectors in will the result in the next generation nextinheriting generation a society inheriting that a is society more that is more unequal andunequal unjust than and itunjust currently thanis.it currently is.

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS In mid-2020 In Corruption mid-2020Watch Corruption commissioned Watch commissioned a study to understand a study to youth understand perceptions youth perceptions and and attitudes towards attitudes corruption towardsincorruption South Africa. in South Africa. The purposeThe of the purpose surveyofwas theto survey shed was lightto onshed light on the past andthe present past and behaviours presentand behaviours attitudesand attitudes of young people, of young and to people, gain insight and to on gain what insight on what the future holds the future for thisholds group, forwhen this group, when confronted by confronted corruptionbyascorruption a motivating as a motivating factor for survival factoror forself-enrichment. survival or self-enrichment.

In our effortsIntoour raise efforts awareness to raiseabout awareness corruption, about corruption, To mark International To mark International Anti-Corruption Anti-Corruption Day, Day, Corruption Watch Corruption targeted Watch young targeted people young through people our through o Corruption Watch Corruption released Watch a series released of short a series of short mass interventions training interventions on community onradio community stations radio sta stories in e-book stories format, in e-book for young format, people for young peoplemass training and called on and the called youth on of the South youth Africa of South to get Africa involved to get invol and produced and byproduced young authors, by young on various authors, on various in the fight against in the fight corruption. against corruption. anti-corruption anti-corruption themes. themes.

ording According to SouthtoAfrica’s South Africa’s youth, the youth, top five the top mostfive corrupt most corrupt institutions institutions he country in the country are: are:

1. 2. 2. 3. 3.

4. 4. 5. 5.

South African South AfricanLocal Local Traffic & Licensing Traffic & Licensing Parliament Parliament Business Police Service Police ServiceGovernment Government DepartmentsDepartments (68%) (68%) Sector (76%) (76%) (75%) (75%) (75%) (75%) (49%)

Business Sector (49%)

UR FINDINGS OUR FINDINGS

1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3.

4. 5. 6. 7.

South African South youthAfrican understand youthwhat understand what corruption iscorruption and the effect is and that the it effect is that it is having on our having society. on our society.

There is evidence Thereof ispeople evidence being of people asked being for asked for sexual favours sexual in exchange favours in forexchange employment. for employment.

Unemployment, Unemployment, abuse of power, abuse greed of power, greed and low-to-no and income low-to-no are perceived income are to perceived to be major drivers be major of corruption. drivers of corruption.

Young people Young generally people do generally not trust do not trust politicians and politicians big business. and big business.

Although most Although young people most young claimpeople to claim to have not committed have notcorruption committedincorruption the in the past, a significant past, aincrease significant in youth increase in youth would be willing would to be paywilling a bribe toinpay future a bribe in future in order to secure in order a job. to secure a job.

Youth view the Youth South view African the South Police African Police Service and local Service government and local government to be the to be the most corruptmost institutions corruptin institutions South Africa. in South Africa. Young peopleYoung think people that corruption think thatiscorruption is at a far higher atlevel a far now higher than level it now than it was previously. was previously.

CAMPAIGNS

CORRUPTION IN THE MINING SECTOR TYPES OF CORRUPTION

The Accountable Mining Programme

(formerly Mining for Sustainable Development)

47%

WHY IT MATTERS

50%

South Africa has an abundance of mineral resources, which translates into a substantial mining industry and a direct source of foreign investment. However, pervasive corruption in the industry means that communities who live close to mines often find that not only have they been swindled out of benefits due to them, but their health and livelihoods have suffered too. Much of that corruption happens at the start of the application process, where communities are excluded from negotiations and shady deals are set up on their behalf, often without their knowledge.

40% 30% 20%

COMPLIANCE

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

ABUSE OF POWER

IRREGULARITIES IN PROCURMENT

GAUTENG

16%

LIMPOPO

11%

19%

10%

Our research into this important topic is helping to identify numerous vulnerabilities in the mining application process, so we can make various recommendations to communities, civil society, mining companies and government, who are all key players in the process.

REPORTS RECEIVED IN 2020

12%

MPUMALANGA

NORTH-WEST

FREE STATE NORTHERN CAPE

KWAZULU-NATAL

EASTERN CAPE

42%

WESTERN CAPE

OUR INTERVENTIONS We hosted two side events at the Alternative Mining Indaba in Cape Town. CW established a strategic partnership with World Economic Forum’s Mines and Metals Group and Partnering Against Corruption Initiative to promote business integrity and anti-corruption in mining sector permitting, and is working together to convene industry players, catalyse dialogue and generate new knowledge and insights to strengthen performance in this critical area. We worked closely with the EITI Secretariat on their outreach activities in South Africa. We continued to work with the Bench Marks Foundation, the Mining and Environmental Justice Community Network of South Africa and the North West-based Mining Affected Communities United in Action in identifying mine-affected communities that are relevant to the programme and in areas where we do not already have a footprint. We made submissions on the Minerals Petroleum and Resources Development Regulations calls for comment, and the Draft Upstream Petroleum Resources Bill calls for comment. We engaged with the Department of Public Service and Administration (DPSA) and Open Government Partnership (OGP) on beneficial ownership transparency and opportunities for advocacy, and followed up by facilitating a beneficial ownership policy setting webinar with the DPSA, OGP, Financial Intelligence Centre (FIC), Department of Trade and Industry, and various CSOs in the revenue transparency space. Alongside the FIC as the project’s government lead as per the OGP’s requirements, we became the civil society lead on beneficial ownership transparency. We also drafted the OGP milestones for the next three-year cycle of the OGP national action plan, and this was submitted to the minister of public service and administration for signature and approval into the final draft.

We analysed the reports and evidence provided in our target communities of Limpopo, North West, Mpumalanga, and Northern Cape, to design participation surveys specific to the respective community’s context. We started dissemination of the survey for community participation together with the translated license maps as public education material. We reviewed the Inter-Governmental Forum on Mining, Minerals Metals and Sustainable Development guidance for government document on community engagements. We finalised the implementation of a business integrity tool with two multinational mining companies with business units in South Africa. We envisage that the public launch of the tool will happen in 2021. The two partners in the project are also scheduled to be revealed upon launch.

Our research is helping to identify numerous vulnerabilities in the mining application process. mining application

CAMPAIGNS CAMPAIGNS

CR O R RCORRU U P TI ONP T IOIN NT HINE TMINING H E MINING S E C TOR SECTOR

MINING MININGROYALTIES ROYALTIES P RPORJEO JEC T CT WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS The plunder The of mining plunder royalties of mining involves royalties huge involves huge sums of money sums stolen of money from some stolenoffrom the most some of the most poverty-stricken poverty-stricken communitiescommunities in the country in –the country – largely happening largelyunder happening the radar under precisely the radar precisely because the because affected the communities affected communities have no have no voice. Our project voice. examines Our project theexamines history and the history and evolution of South evolution Africa’s of South mining Africa’s royalties mining royalties system, withsystem, the aimwith of facilitating the aim ofand facilitating and improving transparency improving transparency and accountability and accountability in in the distribution the of distribution these funds of to these communities. funds to communities. By researching By researching how and whyhow theand problems why the problems occur in revenue occurmanagement, in revenue management, focusing focusing particularly on particularly corruption onvulnerabilities corruption vulnerabilities and and key risk areas, key we risk can areas, understand we can the understand impact the impact of the maladministration of the maladministration of mining royalties of mining royalties on communities on communities in the region,inand theidentify region, and the identify the gaps in the legislative gaps in the and legislative policy frameworks and policy frameworks that adversely that affect adversely the processes. affect theWe processes. have We have identified lack identified of adequate lack of community adequate community engagement,engagement, the involvement the involvement of traditionalof traditional leadership, mining leadership, companies miningentering companies intoentering into revenue-sharing revenue-sharing agreements agreements with select with select members of members the community, of the and community, the role and of the role of provincial government, provincial government, as key risk areas. as key risk areas.

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS Our researchOur hasresearch involvedhas interviews involvedand interviews and We engagedWe with engaged Parliament’s with Parliament’s Standing Standing engagements engagements with community withmembers, community members, Committee on Committee Public Accounts, on Public requesting Accounts, requesting and the examination and the examination of specific case of specific studies.case studies. urgent intervention urgent intervention on the management on the management We continueWe to formulate continue to strategic formulate strategic of royalties inofthe royalties North in West. the North West. interventionsinterventions that addressthat the mismanagement address the mismanagement research procured consultants research to consultants to and maladministration and maladministration of community of community We procuredWe conduct desk-based conduct research, desk-based theresearch, outcomethe outcome royalties, through royalties, engagements, through engagements, meetings meetings of which willof enhance which will ourenhance advocacy our aims advocacy aims and side events. and side events. in this unique inarea this unique of the sector. area of the sector. We used theWe Baloyi used Commission the Baloyi Commission of Enquiry of Enquiry One of our key One interventions of our key interventions was the Bapo was the Bapo Report into the Report Bakgatla into the ba Bakgatla Kgafela ba Kgafela ba Mogale community ba Mogalereport community regarding report the regarding the community in community the North in West the as North an West as an release reportof ofthe thereport Mafereka of the Mafereka opportunity to opportunity create awareness to createand awareness and release of the commission commission of Enquiry. We of Enquiry. took a dual We took a dual sustained advocacy. sustained advocacy. approach of approach correspondence of correspondence with provincial with provincial government government and a mediaand campaign, a media campaign, We engagedWe with engaged the North with West the premier’s North West premier’s including anincluding op-ed in City an op-ed Press,inwhich City Press, which office regarding office traditional regarding governance traditional governance issues issues received great received media great attention media on attention the abuseon the abuse that have thethat potential have the to potential to of commissions of enquiry, specifically of enquiry,in specifically in negatively affect negatively the management affect the management of of of commissions traditional communities. traditional communities. community royalties. community royalties. We continue We to engage continue with to engage the premier with the premier We continueWe to profile continue communities, to profile communities, based on based on regarding the regarding release of the the release of the reports of corruption reports ofand corruption abuse ofand power abuse in of power in Mafereka report. the management the management and administration and administration of of Mafereka report. community royalties. community This royalties. is ongoing Thisresearch is ongoing research which we will which use to we advocate will use for to advocate the for the establishment establishment of a commission of a commission of enquiry toof enquiry to look into thelook role into played theby role theplayed provincial by the provincial government government in the alleged incases the alleged of cases of mismanagement mismanagement of development of development accounts accounts of traditionalofcommunities. traditional communities. We engagedWe with engaged the premier’s with the office premier’s and the office and the Department Department of Corporative of Governance Corporative Governance and and Traditional Affairs Traditional regarding Affairs the regarding recent the recent appointmentappointment of an administrator of an administrator to manage to manage the community the monies community of the monies Bakwena of the baBakwena ba Mogopa community Mogopa in community the North in West. the North West.

LEGAL AND INVESTIGATIONS LEGAL AND INVESTIGATIONS

LITIGATION LITIGATION

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS been case referred has been to case referred to case We choose our Webattles chooseby our considering battles by considering our our The case hasThe due to failures due from to failures the from the resources and resources the impact andour theparticipation impact our participation managementmanagement to adhere to to filing adhere deadlines. to filing deadlines. would make.would If our participation make. If our participation in the case in the case respondentsrespondents Following release of the the release Special of the Special would be in the would public be in interest the public as far interest as the as far as the Following the InvestigatingInvestigating Unit’s (SIU) summons Unit’s (SIU) against summons against fight againstfight corruption againstiscorruption concerned,iswe concerned, will we will the delinquent thedirectors, delinquent wedirectors, held discussions we held discussions contribute tocontribute it. to it. with SIU around with information SIU around sharing information around sharing around the and twothe cases possibility and the that possibility that that that Some of our Some significant of ourinterventions significant interventions in the area in the the areatwo cases the SIU will join the SIU our matter. will joinThe ourdiscussions matter. The discussions of strategic litigation of strategic involve litigation recouping involve public recouping public money – such money as the– ruling such as requiring the ruling Cash requiring Cash are on-going.are on-going. Paymaster Services Paymaster (CPS) Services to pay(CPS) back the to pay back the R316 million R316 whichmillion it hadwhich unlawfully it had acquired unlawfully acquired Party Political Party Funding Political ActFunding promulgation Act promulgation from the South from African the South Social African Security Social Agency Security Agency CW was approached CW was approached to consider being to consider the being the (Sassa). We (Sassa). also focused We also on ensuring focused on ethical ensuring ethical applicant in an applicant application in anto application compel the to compel the leadership – leadership our delinquency – our delinquency case againstcase five against five president to president commence tothe commence Political Party the Political Party former Eskom former directors Eskom is an directors example. is an example. Funding Act.Funding The process Act. The would process start with would start with a letter of demand a lettertoofthe demand Presidency, to the and Presidency, and Our strategicOur litigation strategic helps litigation to holdhelps entrusted to hold entrusted depending on depending the response, on the could response, lead tocould lead to leaders accountable, leaders accountable, prevent abuse prevent of theabuse publicof the public an application anto application the High Court. to the The Highletter Court. The letter purse, and sets purse, important and sets legal important precedent, legalsuch precedent, such was drafted and was sent drafted in late and2020. sent in Onlate 2020. On as our successful as ourreview successful in 2019 review of theinSeriti 2019 of the Seriti Christmas Eve, Christmas December Eve,2020, December the 2020, the commission’s commission’s report whichreport established which that established it that it Presidency informed Presidency us informed – just before us –making just before making is legally possible is legally to set possible aside the to set final aside report the final report an official announcement an official announcement – that the Act – that the Act of a commission of a commission of inquiry. of inquiry. would commence wouldon commence 1 April 2021. on 1 April 2021.

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS

Public Protector Public //Protector Speaker of // Parliament Speaker of Parliament

While Parliament Whilecontinues Parliament with continues its with its processes, public protector the public hasprotector has Cash Paymaster CashServices Paymaster v Corruption Services v Corruption processes, the the courts tothe contest courts the to contest the Watch and 2Watch othersand (Case 2 others No. 1029/18) (Case No. 1029/18) approached approached process being process used to being assess used the to fitness assess the fitness In February 2020, In February the Constitutional 2020, the Constitutional Court Court hold possible office and removal. possible Along removal. Along declined to hear declined the appeal to hearbrought the appeal by CPS brought by CPSto hold officetoand with CASAC, with CW CASAC, entered CW this entered case as this case as against the judgment against the of judgment the Supreme of the Court Supreme Court amicus curiae amicus to provide curiae the to court provide with the court with of Appeal (SCA) of Appeal on the(SCA) grounds on the thatgrounds there that there comparative comparative international international law research law on research on were no reasonable were noprospects reasonable ofprospects success of success theremoving process of anremoving ombudsperson. an ombudsperson. and it did notand concern it did not a matter concern within a matter the within the the process of Heads of argument Heads of as argument amicus were as amicus heard were heard Constitutional Constitutional Court’s jurisdiction. Court’s The jurisdiction. SCA The SCA in the matter in in the January matter 2021. in January 2021. had ruled that had anruled alleged thatcontract an alleged entered contract entered into betweeninto CPS between and Sassa CPSwas andinvalid, Sassa was invalid, and ordered and CPSordered to repayCPS the to R316 repay million the R316 million (plus interest) (plus paidinterest) to CPS paid from to Sassa CPSas from a Sassa as a result of thatresult contract. of that Following contract. this Following an this an announcement announcement was made that wasCPS made would thatgo CPS would go into businessinto rescue. business CW has rescue. been CW tracking has been tracking this process this to understand process to whether understand there whether is there is a basis to intervene a basis to further intervene if necessary. further if necessary.

IM NI

Corruption Watch Corruption (RF) Watch NPC v Eskom (RF) NPC v Eskom Holdings SOC Holdings LimitedSOC andLimited 6 othersand 6 others In NovemberIn2018 November CW lodged 2018 an CW application lodged an application against five former againstEskom five former boardEskom members, board members, asking the court asking to declare the court them to declare delinquent. them delinquent.

LEGAL AND INVESTIGATIONS LEGAL AND INVESTIGATIONS

LEGAL LEGALINTERVENTIONS INTERVENTIONS

This has informed This has various informed correspondence various correspondence with with the minister the of trade minister and of industry trade and andindustry engagements and engageme around investigations around investigations into alleged gross into alleged gross Litigation is often Litigation a lastisstep, oftenand a last is not step, necessary and is not necessary maladministration, maladministration, corruption and corruption misconduct and at misconduct a in every case. inLetters every case. of inquiry, Letters orof media inquiry, queries or media queries the NLC. Using the information NLC. Using gathered information through gathered through if we are working if we are on aworking story, can on yield a story, results can yield – results – investigations, investigations, CW was ableCW to brief was able law enforcement to brief law enforcem depending on depending what results on what are desired. results If, arefordesired. If, for agencies around agencies various around alleged various corrupt alleged activities corrupt as activitie instance, weinstance, are seeking we clarity are seeking on a matter, clarity on anda matter,reported and directly reported to usdirectly and elsewhere. to us and elsewhere. such clarity will such help clarity to move will help our to work move in that our work in that matter forward matter or even forward bringoriteven to a close, bring it to a close, Global Magnitsky Global Magnitsky a detailed letter a detailed settingletter out specific setting questions out specific questions CW teamed CW up with teamed Human up with Rights Human First and Rights theFirst and the and asking for and a response asking forisa likely response to give is likely us that to give us that Allard SchoolAllard of Law School in British of Law Columbia, in British Canada, Columbia, to Canad clarity without clarity having without to approach having to a court. approach a court. assist in drafting assistbriefs in drafting for thebriefs submission for the to submission the US to the Department Department of Treasury, on of Treasury, South African on South individuals African individ Filing requests Filing for requests information for under information the Promotion under the Promotion linked to corruption. linked toIfcorruption. the briefs are If the accepted, briefs are it accepted, it of Access to of Information Access to Act Information is another Act important is another important could lead tocould such lead individuals to suchbeing individuals sanctioned being sanctioned legal route oflegal intervention route of intervention that we use to that trywe to use to try to under the USunder Magnitsky the USAct, Magnitsky limiting Act, theirlimiting ability to their ability obtain information. obtain information. travel and conduct travel and commercial conduct activities commercial in the activities US. in the U ‘This legislation, ‘Thiswhile legislation, foreignwhile and with foreign and with extra-territorial extra-territorial reach, provides reach, some provides basis upon some basis upon which accountability which accountability can be extracted can be and extracted remedialand reme DepartmentDepartment of Trade andofIndustry Trade and Industry legal consequence legal consequence for significant forunlawful significant corrupt unlawful corru take place. can ’ take place.’ CW sent a letter CW sent to thea minister letter to the of trade minister and of trade andactivities canactivities

WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS

industry detailing industry concerns detailing about concerns department about department Appointment Appointment of new CEOof ofnew the Independent CEO of the Independent officials allegedly officials receiving allegedly kickbacks receiving and kickbacks other and other Regulatory Board Regulatory for Auditors Board for Auditors forms of bribery forms within of bribery department within programmes. department programmes. We requested We that requested the minister that the provide minister us with provide us with CW has been CW investigating has been investigating the role auditing the role andauditing and information on information how allegations on howofallegations corruptionofare corruption are consulting firms consulting allegedly firms play allegedly in facilitating play in facilitating investigated investigated and the mechanisms and the mechanisms that have been that havecorruption. been One corruption. of the important One of the entities important in ensuring entities in ensu implementedimplemented to prevent bribery. to prevent We received bribery. We a received a accountability accountability within this sector withinisthis the sector Independent is the Independ response from response a representative from a representative of the Companies of the Companies Regulatory Board Regulatory for Auditors, Board for which Auditors, appointed which appointed and Intellectual andProperty Intellectual Commission Property Commission and are and are a new CEO earlier a new in CEO 2020. earlier Afterinbeing 2020.made After being awaremade awa engaging with engaging them inwith respect them ofin the respect reports of the reports of possible irregularities of possible irregularities in the appointment in the appointment process proc of corruptionofrelated corruption to that related entity.to that entity. and the role and the new the role CEOthe allegedly new CEO played allegedly as played as a board member a board at Tongaat memberHulett at Tongaat duringHulett a period during a perio of financial mismanagement, of financial mismanagement, CW wrote toCW the wrote to the National Lotteries National Commission Lotteries Commission minister of finance minister in of May finance 2020 in requesting May 2020that requesting he that h CW engagedCW in independent engaged in independent research andresearch and review the appointment review the appointment process. Theprocess. appointed The appointed monitoring ofmonitoring various corruption of variousallegations corruption allegations person has subsequently person has subsequently resigned. resigned. taking place taking within place the National within the Lotteries National Lotteries CommissionCommission (NLC). (NLC).

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

INVESTIGATIONS INVESTIGATIONS WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS

Eastern Cape Eastern Department Cape Department of Educationof Education

The case involved The case the involved alleged corruption the alleged corruption in procurement in procurement perpetuated perpetuated by a service by a service Investigations Investigations are an effective are way an effective of exposing way of exposing provider at the provider Eastern at Cape the Eastern Department Cape Department corruption, calling corruption, on government calling on government departmentsdepartments of Education.ofFollowing Education. the Following investigations, the investigations, and law enforcement and law enforcement agencies for agencies action against for action against the department the was department approached was approached and and wrong-doing,wrong-doing, and supporting andwhistle-blowers. supporting whistle-blowers. confirmed inconfirmed writing that in they writing willthat conduct they will conduct Our investigations Our investigations may result inmay greater result awareness in greater awareness an internal investigation an internal investigation and provide and us with provide us with of certain matters of certain of corruption, matters ofwhich corruption, leads which to a leads to a feedback once feedback the investigation once the investigation is complete. is complete. wider investigation wider investigation by authorities byand authorities possibleand possible An e-mail from An the e-mail chief from director the chief for supply director for supply action against action perpetrators. against perpetrators. chain management chain management at the department at the department confirmed that confirmed an internal thatinvestigation an internal investigation This work is This oftenwork linked is to often particular linked to campaigns particular campaigns had started. had started. or focus areas, or focus such as areas, a campaign such as to a campaign expose to expose corruption incorruption schools orinlocal schools municipalities, or local municipalities, or or Northern Cape Northern Cape a focus on improving a focus on the improving criminal the justice criminal system. justice system. Following the Following proposedthe collaboration proposed collaboration For instance,For investigations instance, investigations played a prominent played a prominent between ourselves between and ourselves the Northern and the Cape Northern Cape role in assisting role Lawyers in assisting for Human LawyersRights for Human Rights premier’s office, premier’s we conducted office, we a conducted preliminary a preliminary complete and complete launch aand newlaunch reportaon new corruption report on corruption investigation investigation on all Northern on all Cape Northern cases Cape cases within the asylum-seeking within the asylum-seeking process. Theprocess. document The document reported 2018 between and 2020, 2018 and and 2020, and relied on a previous relied onCW a previous report and CWupdated report and those updatedreported those between selected a few selected more relevant a few more cases relevant for an cases for an findings andfindings recommendations. and recommendations. This culminated This culminated in-depth. We in-depth. remain in We regular remain contact in regular withcontact with in a report launch in a report in early launch September in earlyand September a and a the anti-corruption the anti-corruption unit within the unit premier’s within the premier’s presentationpresentation by CW at theby launch. CW at the launch. office, to whom office, weto have whom submitted we have a submitted draft a draft memorandum memorandum of understanding. of understanding.

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS

Airports Company ofCompany South Africa Airports of South Africa

TERS

We receivedWe numerous receivedcomplaints numerousmostly complaints mostly This case alleged acts alleged of irregular This case acts of irregular from disgruntled from employees disgruntledaround employees the around the procurementprocurement and corruption the Airports andincorruption in the Airportsadministration administration of the Temporary of theEmployment Temporary Employment Company of Company South Africa (Acsa).Africa (Acsa). of South Relief Scheme Relief administered Scheme administered by the by the We conducted and sent Weinvestigations conducted investigations and sent Department Department of Labour. Allegations of Labour.of Allegations of a letter to Acsa. We to received a response a letter Acsa. We received a response non-payment, non-payment, maladministration maladministration and and confirming that the company willcompany conduct will conduct corruption have confirming that the corruption been followed have been up and followed beenup and been their investigation into the allegations their investigation into theand allegations and the subject of the analysis subjecttoofdetermine analysis totrends determine trends will send us will a report investigation sendonce us a the report once the investigationand patterns.and Matters patterns. involving Matters alleged involving alleged is completed.is completed. criminality have criminality been referred have been to referred to law enforcement. law enforcement.

PROCUREMENT PROCUREMENT WATCH WATCH

PROC PROC UREMENT URE MENTWATWATCH CH WHY IT MATTERS WHY IT MATTERS By procurement putting this procurement data into data into The final quarter The final of 2020 quarter saw of the2020 launch sawofthe launch of By putting this a readilyand searchable understandable and understandable ProcurementProcurement Watch, a newWatch, project a new which project has which hasa readily searchable format, Procurement format, Procurement Watch will Watch will been developing beenconceptually developing conceptually throughout throughout contribute to contribute curtailing to irregular curtailing andirregular and the year, andthe is linked year, and to monitoring is linked topublic monitoring public unlawful procurement. Ultimately the Ultimately the procurementprocurement – the single largest – the single corruption largest corruption unlawful procurement. aim is to improve aim isspend to improve of public spend of public risk6, particularly risk6,in particularly developing incountries, developing countries, finances through finances proactively throughmonitoring proactively monitoring according toaccording the OECD.to the OECD. procurementprocurement and contracting. and contracting. In South Africa, In South billions Africa, in taxpayers’ billions inmoney taxpayers’ money The initial stage The of initial the stage projectofassessed the project assessed have been lost have through been lost deviations throughfrom deviations from all of National allTreasury’s of Nationalinstruction Treasury’s instruction accepted supply accepted chainsupply management chain management rules rules notes forprocurement emergency procurement and expansions and of expansions contacts. The of contacts. state capture The state capturenotes for emergency relating and to Covid-19, resultedand in aresulted in a commission commission has repeatedly hasheard repeatedly how these heard how these relating to Covid-19, letter to the treasury letter to the which treasury focused which on focused on procurementprocurement practices in particular practices in have particular have our concernsour regarding concerns the regarding lack of legal the lack of legal been abused.been abused. certainty andcertainty the lack and of transparency the lack of transparency regarding emergency regardingprocurement emergency procurement regulations and regulations notices. and notices.

OUR INTERVENTIONS OUR INTERVENTIONS

The Procurement The Procurement Watch website, Watch website, which is under which construction, is under construction, will bear will bear a section containing a sectiontools, containing analysis, tools, andanalysis, and resources that resources activiststhat andactivists CW’s legal and CW’s legal and investigative and investigative team can make team use can make use of for procurement of for procurement monitoring. monitoring. Under resources, Underthe resources, civil society the sector civil society sector will find information will find that information helps with that helps with understanding understanding public procurement. public procurement. The tools section The tools will make section deviations, will make deviations, expansions of expansions contracts,of and contracts, the and the restricted suppliers restricted listsuppliers searchable. list searchable.

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

Development Development of Procurement of Procurement Watch Watch is on track. is on track.

6. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/governance/oecd-foreign-bribery-report_9789264226616-en 6. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/governance/oecd-foreign-bribery-report_9789264226

ZONDO COMMISSION ZONDO COMMISSION

ZONDOZONDO COMMICOMMISSION: SSION:

AT I

(PIC) ON

AT I

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

(PIC)

P U B LIC

Y IR

N OF E ION OSFSEIO S N NQ S QU MI MI U M M

Y IR

W HAT W H ATDOEDOES S TOMO TO MO RROW RROWHOLD HOLD

R OR ME PO P N T C O RN T C O R

This year Deputy This year ChiefDeputy JusticeChief Raymond Justice Zondo Raymond Zondo Equally, the improper Equally, the useimproper of the ANC’s use of cadre the ANC’s cadre wraps up thewraps work up of his thecommission work of his commission looking looking deployment deployment programme –programme run by a committee – run by a committee into allegations intoofallegations state capture. of state It’s been capture. a It’s been awithin the party within – has thebeen partyhighlighted – has been on highlighted a on a monumentalmonumental assignment that assignment has hadthat support has had support number of occasions. number of occasions. from civil society from and civil some society elements and some within elements within government.government. But it has also Butbeen it has fraught also been with fraught with The same goes Thefor same the goes party’s forrole thein party’s Parliament role in Parliament loud criticismloud for what criticism is deemed for whatanisaided deemed an aidedand whetherand or not whether it abuses or not its it majority abuses its majority political purge political of former purge president of former Jacob president Zuma Jacob Zuma position to influence position big to influence policy orbig regulatory policy or regulatory and his allies. and his allies. decisions in decisions the running in of thegovernment. running of government. Zondo heardZondo evidence heard from evidence academic from scholars academic scholars Zondo has been Zondo accused has been of allowing accusedZuma’s of allowing Zuma’s and civil society and representatives civil society representatives including ourincluding our political opponents politicalthe opponents platform the to lynch platform himto lynch him executive director executive David director Lewis,David who spoke Lewis,on who spoke on for crimes hefor continues crimes he tocontinues deny happened to deny happenedthe need to streamline the need tothe streamline protocolsthe that protocols that under his watch under or his with watch his blessing. or with his With blessing. the With govern the the appointment govern the appointment of leaders ofof leaders of Constitutional Constitutional Court coming Court into coming the fray, into along the fray, along government government institutions, particularly institutions,those particularly in those in with a Northwith Gauteng a North High Gauteng Court application High Court application the regulatory thespace. regulatory space. seeking Zondo’s seeking recusal, Zondo’s it will recusal, no doubt it will be no a doubt be a while beforewhile Southbefore AfricaSouth puts the Africa Zondo putsvsthe Zondo vs To take the conversation To take the conversation further, we launched further, we launched Zuma battle Zuma behindbattle it. behind it. Zondo Unpacked: ZondoAUnpacked: CorruptionAWatch Corruption Podcast Watch Podcast in January 2021, in January after months 2021, after of planning monthsand of planning and Former deputy Former minister deputy of finance minister Mcebisi of finance Jonas Mcebisicoaching Jonas throughout coaching2020. throughout To date2020. it hasTo date it has appealed to appealed the commission to the commission during an during an expanded onexpanded discussions on relating discussions to evidence relating to evidence appearance appearance in 2019 to beware in 2019 not toto beware “Zumarise” not to “Zumarise” heard by theheard commission, by the commission, but future episodes but future episodes state capturestate and capture think it was and only thinkand it was always only and always will also venture will also into venture the implications into the implications of such of such about the former aboutpresident. the former Whether president. or not Whether the or notevidence, the what evidence, Zondo’swhat powers Zondo’s havepowers meant, have meant, evidence willevidence point to him will point beingto itshim mastermind being its mastermind and how theand commission how the commission is likely to change is likely the to change the or not remains or not to be remains seen intothe bereport seen in expected the report expected general governance general governance landscape going landscape forward. going forward. from Zondo in from or around Zondo in June, or around thanksJune, to thethanks high to the With high the podcast, With the we podcast, hope to reach we hope an audience to reach an audience court granting court a three-month granting a three-month extension of extension the of that the is looking that forisinsightful looking for conversation insightful conversation on the on the commission’s commission’s life span. life span. topics that interest topics that Corruption interestWatch Corruption and its Watch and its followers, such followers, as the quest such as forthe good quest for good open and transparent open and transparent Our work around Our work the commission around the commission has also has alsogovernance,governance, appointments, and solutions and forsolutions strengthening for strengthening continued without continued fail. As without in 2018 fail.and As 2019, in 2018 weand 2019,appointments, we continued tocontinued provide a to regular provide news a regular updatenews on update public on procurement. public procurement. the proceedings the proceedings in 2020. In fact, in 2020. the only In fact, break the only break we took waswe when took the was commission when the commission itself went onitself went We remain on committed We remaintocommitted following the to following work the work a three-month a three-month break in March break in response in March to in the response of tothe thecommission, of the commission, even beyondeven the end beyond of itsthe end of its announcement announcement of a hard lockdown. of a hard When lockdown. it When public it hearings public andhearings the formulation and the of formulation its of its resumed in June, resumed it was in mostly June, itto was hear mostly the to hear the findings in due findings course. in due course. responding evidence responding of many evidence of the of many high-profile of the high-profile implicated people implicated against people whom against allegations whomhave allegations With have regardWith to how regard President to howCyril President Cyril been made. been made. RamaphosaRamaphosa manages the manages release of thethe release of the report, we would report, support we would an open support process an open process The destruction The of destruction state-owned of state-owned entities (SOEs) entities – (SOEs) that takes – the that principle takes the of principle public confidence of public confidence including Eskom, including Denel, Eskom, SouthDenel, African South Airways African Airways and participation, and participation, into consideration. into consideration. (SAA) and the (SAA) Passenger and theRail Passenger Agency Rail of Agency of South AfricaSouth – tookAfrica up most – took of the up most of the This ties in fittingly This tieswith in fittingly the work with wethe work we commission’s commission’s attention. attention. did during 2020 did during – and continue 2020 – and to continue do – to do – in advocating in advocating for transparency for transparency and and Interference Interference in the running in of theSOEs running by both of SOEs theirby both public their participation public participation in vital government in vital government boards and sector boardspolitical and sector heads political has emerged heads has emerged processes such processes as procurement such as procurement and and as a pattern as that a may pattern lead that to Zondo may lead making to Zondo making high-level recruitment. high-level recruitment. recommendations recommendations for a review of forappointment a review of appointment procedures for procedures board members. for board members.

PUBLIC FUNDRAISING PUBLIC FUNDRAISING

PUBLIC PUBLICFUNDRAISING FUNDRAISING HOW TO GET HOWSTARTED? TO GET STARTED?

The socio-economic The socio-economic turmoil caused turmoil by the caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, Covid-19coupled pandemic, withcoupled increased with increased levels of uncertainty, levels of uncertainty, effectively meant effectively deferring meant deferring Our supporters Ourcan supporters dedicatecan their dedicate birthdays their birthdays our public fundraising our publiccampaigns fundraisingplanned campaigns for planned for to Corruption to Watch Corruption by setting Watch up by a setting up a the year. We the tookyear. a step Weback took to a step resetback and to reset and to fundraising page fundraising on GivenGain page on to GivenGain support to support rethink whatrethink fundraising whatduring fundraising the pandemic during the pandemic our #Gift4Impact our #Gift4Impact campaign. They campaign. can also They can also would entail would and how entail ourand work how hadour been work had been decide on the decide fundraising on thegoal fundraising that they goal that they impacted as impacted a result. The as areality result.on The thereality ground on the ground would like to would reach. like to reach. was that while was the that coronavirus while the brought coronavirus the brought the whole world whole to a standstill, world to nothing a standstill, seemed nothing seemed Alternatively,Alternatively, we can assist we with cangenerating assist with generating to stop the corrupt to stopfrom the corrupt looting from and plundering looting and plundering fundraising links fundraising that supporters links thatcan supporters circulatecan circulate the much-needed the much-needed resources. resources. within their circles within to their solicit circles donations: to solicit donations: patiencem@corruptionwatch.org.za. While our public While fundraising our publicinitiatives fundraising were initiatives were patiencem@corruptionwatch.org.za. largely put on largely hold in put 2020, on hold we are in 2020, now we are now The #Gift4Impact The #Gift4Impact campaign also campaign offers also offers intensifying our intensifying efforts toour mobilise effortscommunities, to mobilise communities, corporations corporations or entities an or opportunity entities an to opportunity to and seeking and interventions seeking interventions to ensure that to the ensure that the pledge their pledge support their for our support anti-corruption for our anti-corruption perpetratorsperpetrators of corruptionofare corruption brought to arebook. brought to book. efforts by donating efforts by a ‘birthday donatingfund’ a ‘birthday to fund’ to celebrate their celebrate anniversary. their anniversary.

#GIFT4IMPACT #GIFT4IMPACT

Therefore, we Therefore, are calling weon arethe calling public on the public to join our peer2peer to join ourfundraising peer2peer fundraising campaign, #gift4impact. campaign, #gift4impact.

BANK DETAILS BANK DETAILS

Account Account Accountholder: holder: Accountholder: holder: Corruption Corruption (RF) NPC CorruptionWatch Watch Corruption (RF)Watch Watch NPC (RF) (RF)NPC NPC Bank: Standard Bank: Bank Standard Bank Bank: Bank Standard Bank This is an initiative This is that an initiative allows supporters that allowstosupporters to Bank: Standard Type: Savings Type: account Savings account Type: Savings Type: account Savings account celebrate their celebrate birthdays their bybirthdays activatingby their activating their Account number: Account 00 number: 483 4747 00 Account number: Account 00 number: 483 4747 00483 4834747 4747 networks to networks donate to to Corruption donate toWatch Corruption on Watch on Branch: 004305 Branch: 004305 Branch: 004305 Branch: 004305 their special their day. The special ideaday. is toThe askidea friends is to ask friends Branch Rosebank name: Branchname: name: Branch Rosebank name:Rosebank Rosebank and family members and family to members forgo birthday to forgo giftsbirthday gifts Branch SWIFT address: SWIFT SBZA address: ZA JJ SBZA SWIFT address: SWIFT SBZA address: ZA JJ SBZAZA ZAJJJJ and instead make and instead contributions make contributions towards our towards our work. By doing work. so they By doing will be so “gifting they willfor be “gifting for impact”, meaning impact” their , meaning gifts willtheir enable giftsus will enable us to make significant to makestrides significant in thestrides fight against in the fight against corruption, including corruption, tackling including the complaints tackling the complaints of over 30 000 of over whistle-blowers, 30 000 whistle-blowers, thus makingthus making an even greater an even impact. greater impact.

GIVEGIVE US US A #GIFT4IMPACT A #GIFT4IMPACT 53

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

We are looking We are forward looking to forward the upcoming to the upcoming launch of our launch major of donor our major programme donor programme which is aimed which atissustaining aimed at sustaining and and strengthening strengthening our flagship our campaigns. flagship campaigns. The programme The programme will consistwill of aconsist of a unique community unique community of individuals of individuals willing to get willing involved to get and involved invest and in invest in our anti-corruption our anti-corruption efforts. efforts. At Corruption At Corruption Watch we believe Watch we in believe in empowering empowering communities communities to achieve to achieve long-lasting long-lasting impact in the impact fightin against the fight against corruption.corruption. Our major donor Our major campaign donor campaign will support will our support new online our new policing online tool, policing tool, Veza, which Veza, promotes whichtransparency, promotes transparency, public participation public participation and accountability and accountability in the South in African the South Police African Service. Police Service. This programme This programme will also benefit will also other benefit other areas of focus areas including of focuscorruption including corruption in in the health the sector. health sector. Lastly, our Lastly, heartfelt ourgratitude heartfeltgoes gratitude to ourgoes to our most loyal most donors loyal who donors continually who continually made made contributions contributions to further our to further work inour thework in the midst of enormous midst of enormous challenges.challenges. We also pay We homage also pay tohomage all our to all our supporterssupporters who are going whothrough are going through socio-economic socio-economic difficultiesdifficulties at the at the moment but moment have made but have contributions made contributions towards our towards work inour thework past.in the past.

From all Fromofall us here of us here at Corruption at Corruption Watch,Watch,

thank thank you!you! 54

INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL ANTI-CORRUPTION ANTI-CORRUPTION DAY DAY

INTE INTERN R N ATIATION ONAL A L ANTI-C ANTI-CORRUPTION ORRUPTIO N D AYDAY2020 2020 Our parentOur organisation, parent organisation, Transparency Transparency International, International, made a good made point a good whenpoint it asked: when it asked:

“After“After a year aofyear great of tumult, great tumult, there appears there appears to be to be light atlight the at endthe of end the of tunnel, the tunnel, but how butcan how wecan ensure we ensure a just and a just fair and recovery fair recovery from the from [Covid-19] the [Covid-19] crisis?”crisis?” This was theThis question was the asked question of us –asked and by of us us –– and The by us report – isThe discussed report is elsewhere discussedinelsewhere in on International on International Anti-Corruption Anti-Corruption Day (IACD), Day (IACD), this document. this document. marked around marked the world around onthe 9 December world on 9each December each year, held in year, 2020 held under in the 2020 theme underRecover the theme Recover The organisation The organisation also took to the alsostreets took toagain the streets again with Integrity. with It refers Integrity. to the It refers fact that to the inclusive fact that inclusive as part of itsas activism part ofwork its activism on thatwork day, on that day, Covid-19 recovery Covid-19 canrecovery only be achieved can only be with achieved commissioning with commissioning graffiti artist graffiti Mars toartist paintMars to paint integrity, where integrity, nobody where is leftnobody out and is everyone left out and everyone a vibrant, colourful a vibrant, anti-corruption colourful anti-corruption mural on themural on the benefits equally. benefits To achieve equally.that, To achieve we must that, tackle we must corner tackleof Jancorner SmutsofAvenue Jan Smuts and Avenue Empire Road and Empire – Road – corruption with corruption even greater with even effort. greater effort. on one of theon city’s one busiest of the city’s intersections, busiest intersections, and and a prime spotafor prime painting spot messages for painting onmessages a on a On 9 December On 9inDecember South Africa, in South Corruption Africa, Corruption large scale. large scale. Watch released Watch Ourreleased Future is Our notFuture for Sale, is not for Sale, a report focused a report on the focused country’s on the youth, country’s youth, IACD was set IACD up by was theset UNuptoby raise the awareness UN to raise awareness highlighting highlighting their vulnerability their vulnerability to corruption, to corruption, of the devastating of the impact devastating of corruption, impact ofand corruption, to and to their exclusion their from exclusion economic from opportunities, economic opportunities, look back onlook the year backand on the assess yearprogress and assess in progress in and their dwindling and their chances dwindling of rising chances above of rising the above the fight the to eradicate the fight to theeradicate scourge.the scourge. devastation that devastation Covid-19that hasCovid-19 wrought.has wrought.

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

Graffiti Artist: Mars Graffiti Graffiti Artist: Mars Graffiti Photo: Saint Nic Photo: Media Saint Nic Media 9 Dec 2020 9 Dec 2020

ECOVER RECOVER WITH WITH INTEGRITY INTEGRITY

T 2020 PORT 2020 BOARD MEMBERS BOARD MEMBERS

BOARD BOARDMEMBERS MEMBERS Corruption Watch Corruption had eight Watch sitting hadboard eightmembers sitting board at the members start of at 2020, the but startseven of 2020, upon butthe seven departure upon the of Adila departure of Adila Hassim in March Hassim 2020.inThey March help 2020. to steer Theythe help course to steer of our the course work and of our provide workvaluable and provide insight valuable and experience insight and experience across a rangeacross of sectors a range in which of sectors they in operate. which they Theyoperate. help to ensure They help thatto allensure legal requirements that all legal requirements are met, that are met, that workplace policies workplace and governance policies andissues governance are observed, issues are thatobserved, the financial thathealth the financial of the organisation health of theisorganisation intact, is intact, and that the strategic and thatdirection the strategic of the direction organisation of theaddresses organisation theaddresses needs of our thesociety. needs of our society.

MAVUSO MSIMANG MAVUSO MSIMANG

DAVID LEWISDAVID LEWIS

CHAIRPERSON CHAIRPERSON

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

Msimang is the Msimang former CEO is theofformer the Oliver CEO of the Oliver and Adelaide and Tambo Adelaide Foundation, Tamboand Foundation, also and also previously served previously as the served director-general as the director-general of of the national Home the national Affairs department Home Affairsand department and CEO of SANParks. CEO of HeSANParks. sits on theHe board sits of on the board of WWF South Africa. WWF South Africa. His non-executive His non-executive board directorships board directorships include Harmony include Gold, Harmony the African Gold, Parks the African Parks Network and the Network Peaceand Parks theFoundation, Peace Parks Foundation, and he is a former and he chairperson is a formerofchairperson the of the iSimangaliso Wetland iSimangaliso Park,Wetland a world Park, a world heritage site. heritage site.

Lewis is the founder Lewis isand theexecutive founder and director executive director of Corruption of Watch. Corruption He previously Watch. He chaired previously chaired the Competition theTribunal Competition for a decade Tribunaland for a decade and was involved in was theinvolved trade union in the movement, trade union movement, serving as theserving generalas secretary the general of the secretary of the General Workers General Union Workers and national Union and national organiser of the organiser Transport of the andTransport General and General Workers Union. Workers Union.

ADILA HASSIM ADILA HASSIM

ALICE BROWN ALICE BROWN

ADVOCATE AND ADVOCATE AND JUNIOR COUNSEL JUNIOR ATCOUNSEL AT THULAMELA THULAMELA CHAMBERS CHAMBERS

INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCATE ADVOCATE

Adila Hassim Adila is an advocate Hassim isand an advocate a founding and a founding Brown is an international Brown is anhuman international rights human rights member of Corruption member of Watch. Corruption She is Watch. currently She is currently advocate and advocate an expertand on the an expert use of the on the lawuse of the law junior counseljunior at Thulamela counsel Chambers. at Thulamela Hassim Chambers. Hassim for the public for good. theHer public distinguished good. Her distinguished career career earned a BA and earned LLBafrom BA and the University LLB from the of Natal. University of Natal. has focused on has civil focused rights on litigation civil rights and social litigation and social After completing After her completing degrees, she her later degrees, earned shean later earned an justice philanthropy, justice with philanthropy, an emphasis with on an emphasis on LLM from the LLM Saintfrom Louis the University Saint Louis School University of LawSchool of Law institution building institution for NGOs. building for NGOs. in the US, andina the JSD,US, or doctorate and a JSD,inorlaw, doctorate cum laude in law, cum laude from the University from the of Notre University DameofLaw Notre School. DameShe Law School. She Brown is a member Brownof is the a member Councilof onthe Foreign Council on Foreign is a member of is the a member Johannesburg of the Johannesburg Bar and was Bar and was Relations, a board Relations, member a board of Section27 memberand of Section27 and admitted as an admitted advocate asofanthe advocate High Court of the of High SouthCourt of South also a member also of the a member advisoryofcommittees the advisoryofcommittees of Africa in 2003.Africa A prolific in 2003. author, A prolific Hassim author, has been Hassim has been the Wits Justice theProject Wits Justice and ofProject Lawyers and Against of Lawyers Against published in law published journals, inhealth law journals, journals health and journals and Abuse. She is Abuse. a former She board is a member former board of member of newspapers, and newspapers, has co-authored and hasbooks co-authored on human books on human Human RightsHuman Watch,Rights the Lawyers’ Watch, Committee the Lawyers’ Committee rights and health rights law. and She health is a member law. Sheof is the a member of the for Human Rights for Human and theRights Southand Africa the–South Africa – National Association NationalofAssociation DemocraticofLawyers Democratic and Lawyers andUnited States United Fulbright States Commission, Fulbright and Commission, an and an an honorary member an honorary of themember Treatment of the Action Treatment Action alumna of Common alumnaPurpose of Common South Purpose Africa. South Africa. Campaign (TAC). Campaign Note: Adila (TAC). Hassim’s Note: Adila resignation Hassim’s resignation from the board from wasthe effective board from was effective 27 Marchfrom 2020. 27 March 2020.

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

MZUKIZI QOBO MZUKIZI QOBO

THABI LEOKATHABI LEOKA

AUTHOR, THOUGHT AUTHOR, LEADER, THOUGHT LEADER, POLITICAL RISK POLITICAL ANALYST RISK ANALYST AND PUBLIC AND SPEAKER PUBLIC SPEAKER

ECONOMIC STRATEGIST ECONOMIC STRATEGIST

Dr Mzukisi Qobo Dr Mzukisi advisesQobo organisations advises organisations on on mitigating political mitigating risks and political helprisks themand to help them to capture opportunities capture opportunities from regulation. from Heregulation. He previously worked previously at theworked Department at theofDepartment Trade of Trade and Industry as and chief Industry director as chief for trade director policy, for trade policy, and drafted the and current drafted South the current African South trade African trade policy and strategy policyframework. and strategy Until framework. recently Until recently he taught international he taughtpolitical international economy political at economy at the Universitythe of Pretoria, University where of Pretoria, he waswhere he was deputy director deputy at thedirector Centre for at the theCentre Study for the Study of GovernanceofInnovation. Governance HeInnovation. is a senior He is a senior associate at Tutwa associate Consulting at Tutwa and Consulting a research and a research associate affiliated associate with affiliated the Department with theofDepartment of Political Sciences, Political University Sciences, of Pretoria. University HeofisPretoria. He is a regular columnist a regular for Business columnistDay for Business and Day and appears regularly appears on domestic regularlyand on domestic and international media. international He obtained media.his HePhD obtained from his PhD from the Universitythe of Warwick, UniversityUK of MA Warwick, from the UK MA from the University of Stellenbosch; University of Stellenbosch; and Bachelor and of Bachelor of Arts from the Arts University from the of Cape University Town.ofQobo Cape Town. Qobo is author of The is author Fall of the of The ANC: FallWhat of the Next? ANC: What Next? published by Pan published Macmillan by Pan (Picador Macmillan Africa). (Picador Africa).

DrisThabi Leoka is strategist, an economic strategist, Dr Thabi Leoka an economic currently working at Argon Asset currently working at Argon Asset Shepositions has held at top positions at Management.Management. She has held top Renaissance Capital, Standard Bank Renaissance Capital, Standard Bank Investing, Barclays Wealth, Corporate andCorporate Investing,and Barclays Wealth, and Investec Asset Management – she was and Investec Asset Management – she was based for the latter post. She based in London for in theLondon latter post. She obtained her PhD and MSc in Economics obtained her PhD and MSc in Economics fromSchool the London School ofand Economics, and from the London of Economics, holds an MADevelopment in Economic Development also holds an also MA in Economic and Trade International Trade from Wits University, and International from Wits University, and aScience BA in Social Science from Wits and a BA in Social from Wits University. Leoka is a regular University. Leoka is a regular columnist for columnist for Business Times in the Sunday Business Times in the Sunday Times, and Times, and for Money Management. In is addition, she is for Money Management. In addition, she an accomplished speaker an accomplished speaker and was an and was an economic to the Fees Commission economic advisor to theadvisor Fees Commission as well as finance minister Nhlanhla Nene. as well as finance minister Nhlanhla Nene.

FIROZ CACHALIA FIROZ CACHALIA

GUGU MCLAREN-USHEWOKUNZE GUGU MCLAREN-USHEWOKUNZE

ADJUNCT PROFESSOR ADJUNCT PROFESSOR

SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION STRATEGIST STRATEGIST

Gugu McLaren-Ushewokunze Gugu McLaren-Ushewokunze has over has over Firoz CachaliaFiroz currently Cachalia works currently as an adjunct works as an adjunct 12 years’ experience 12 years’ in experience social and sustainable in social and sustainable professor at his professor alma mater, at hisWits alma University’s mater, WitsSchool University’s School development. development. She holds a MSocSc She holds in Gender a MSocSc in Gender of Law. His extensive of Law. His career extensive in government career inand government civil and civil Studiesinand Psychology BSocSc inand Psychology Gender and Gender society included society his service included as his a member service of as the a member of the Studies and BSocSc Studies from the Studies University from the of Cape University Town,ofand Cape Town, and executive council executive of the council provincial of the Gauteng provincial Gauteng has worked across has worked sectors, across including sectors, civilincluding civil government from government 2004 to 2011, from first 2004into the 2011, safety firstand in the safety and society, consulting society, and consulting corporate,and andcorporate, in and in security portfolio security and later portfolio in the and economic later in the economic varying industries. varying Most industries. of her career Most has of her been career has been development portfolio. development He would portfolio. laterHe head would up later the head up the spent in the sector, corporate where sector, she where she provincial government’s provincial government’s planning commission planning commission spent in the corporate spearheaded development the and development the and the between 2011 between and 2012,2011 the and board 2012, of which the board he of which he spearheaded the implementation implementation of sustainableof development sustainable development continues to sit continues on to date. to sit Other on to boards date. Other on which boards on which strategies. Shestrategies. spent six She yearsspent at Discovery, six years at Discovery, Cachalia sits include Cachalia the sits South include African the South Reserve African Bank,Reserve Bank, where she thesupported company’sthe shared company’s shared where he alsowhere chairshe thealso board chairs riskthe committee; board risk committee; where she supported model. business McLaren-Ushewokunze model. McLaren-Ushewokunze Hlanganisa Institute Hlanganisa of Development Institute of Development of Southern of Southernvalue businessvalue National leadsBusiness the National Initiative’s Business Initiative’s Africa; and theAfrica; Helenand Joseph the Helen Hospital. Joseph He isHospital. also a He is alsonow a leads thenow Social Transformation Social Transformation programme, where programme, her where her member of themember Councilof forthe theCouncil Advancement for the Advancement of The of The responsibilities responsibilities include developing include and developing and South AfricanSouth Constitution. African Cachalia Constitution. was Cachalia admitted was as admitted as the NBI’s programme the NBI’stoprogramme engage to engage an attorney inan 1993, attorney and continued in 1993, and with continued his legal with his legal implementingimplementing business social in driving transformation, social transformation, with with studies through studies Wits (LLM) through and Wits the(LLM) University and the of University ofbusiness in driving the aim of addressing the aim of inequality addressing andinequality inequity. and inequity. Michigan in the Michigan United States. in the United His first States. occupation His first occupation was as researcher was as forresearcher the Centrefor forthe Applied Centre Legal for Applied Legal Studies in theStudies early 1990s, in thefollowing early 1990s, the completion following the completion of his legal articles. of his legal articles.

FUNDERS

F UNFUNDERS DE RS

ANNUAL REPORT ANNUAL 2020REPORT 2020

R E PROERPTO RCTO RCRO URPRTUIPOTNI O N 0 7 20 7021 30 1535 65 95 6 9 TAKE ACTION TAKE ACTION AND MAKE AND MAKE A DONATION A DONATION corruptionwatch.org.za/donate corruptionwatch.org.za/donate

Design by Agent Orange Design

FROM CRISIS TO ACTION REPORT CORRUPTION ONLINE

REPORT CORRUPTION VIA WHATSAPP

THE CORRUPTION WATCH OFFICE

Report an incident online on our website now. The communication is secured and your information will be treated with the outmost care and security.

072 013 5569

CORRUPTION WATCH (RF) NPC

www.corruptionwatch.org.za

WWW.CORRUPTIONWATCH.ORG.ZA

8th Floor, South Point Corner 87 De Korte Street Braamfontein, 2001, Johannesburg P.O. Box 30630, Braamfontein, 2017 info@corruptionwatch.org.za T. 011 242 3900 | F. 011 403 2392

Corruption Watch | 2020 Annual Report: From Crisis to Action

Articles inside

Research

Collaboration During 2020

Lockdown Life

2020 Analysis of Corruption Trends