Jubilee history of the city of south melbourne

II~

JUBILEE HISTORY OF THE

AND

ILLUSTRATED HANDBOOK.

..

il II

I

1905.

PERIODICALS

PUBLISHING

PRINTERS

AND

COllfPANY,

PUBLISHERS.

路====~

I~

JUBILEE HISTORY OF THE

AND

-

ILLUSTRATED HANDBOOK.

1905 .

L

PERIODICALS

PUHLI SHI NG

PRINTERS

COJI!!PrlN1',

••o PUBLISHERS.

- = = =- == = = = = = = = = ! 1

Preface.

Thi s li tt le work makes one of a seri es iss uf' d hy the publishers, and .vas in its ini tia.! stages before the coun cil disc ussed tlw question o f issuing a Jub ilee Illustrated Hi story.

The publi shers have to thank the bu sin ess people of the city who have so liber all y supported their effo rts to rlep irt the growing importa nce and sti ll greater ca pab ili ties of the city, as both the B inningham and Manchester of Vi ctoria.. All that is required is e ne rgy, ro ncentmtion anrl good management to serure these. Some fir ms, l\' h'1 received a serious check whe n th e lan d boom b urst, h ave sca rcely yet recovered their balance in these matters, nor the courage necessa ry to again work up their connection by ass idu ous and un t iring effort. The bu siness, which is rondurted on the princjp]e of catchas-catr h-can, is not likely to be a very progtessive and sta ble one, nor fit to compete with sound b usiness management.

T o the courteous and obligi ng council d erk, Mr. F . G. !vliles, hi s Worship the Mayor, Messrs. Meehan (the prn wietor and editor of "The R ecord "), You] , Murray .and o the r s ~ 11·e tender our thanks for ihe ass i sta nc•·~ they ha.ve given us in the produrti on of th is littl e honk.

P E R1 0 DT CAT .S PU BT.l S H I .\TG COMPAN Y.

Index. _\bnttoirs ... ... ... . ...... ... ..... ...... 136 ... nr; .\. Cl issold's Sto rP-s . . .

Albe rt and Kerford Road s and PiN .. . 56 and 57 \ lb<'rt Park Steam La.undry ... ... ... ... ... 1~7 .\ lcxand_ra, :henue and Prin ce's Bridge ...

26 .\l cxnnder's Pa.wnbroking Establishment ... 13:-l .\l k<' lll W -e Bros. ' Lime 'Vorks ..... . ...... 113 .\11 stralian Di stillerY Co.'s. ...

112 .\u st ral Otis Engine·ering Co. tl7 llak<' l' and Son's L'IHirmam· .. .

118 Hnph;;t Ohurch .. . · 7 :) l:hr:lg\\·a.na.t h and Carter's Offi ces .. .

122 ll (• aconsfjeld Parad e .. . .. . ..

59 !l o ~to~ k lBros.' Butche n · ... .. . .. . .. .

133 Botan ical Garden s ... .. . ... .. . ... .. . .. .

54 Bo>~· ling Gree n , Albe rt Park Ground ...

35 H1 ulp ort and D orea<; t;trects flU B1 ofl k<; , R obinson and CD.'s .. . .. . .. . .. . lOf-l Caft• dhantant ... ... ... .. . ... .. . ... ...

45 C'a ltln-e ll' s Ink " Torks ... ... ... ... ... .. .

112 (1:•. ntprbur_,·-rd. & Middle Pk. Bowling Green 53 C'n J'l)('nt.er 's Ma-c hin erv Stores 98 C'n >II more's Outfitting ·ware house 125 l':l>tlt- mnine Br-e11·-e n · ...

104 71 c:1lln·h of England : .. .. . ( 'ia.n•lldon-street .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .

61 C'!:1 rt• ndon-st reet Pre.<;byt.e rian Church. ()fj 0 Jn>tin!Z V essels in t h-e Yann ... ... .. .2S C'ong1·egational Church .. . .. . ... ... ...

74.

C'on1·e nt of the Good Shephet·d ... ...

76 C' mn• n' s Hote l .. . ... .. . .. . ... .. . ... .. .

124 '-' r:lin <J 's Carriage ·works ... ...

11-1 C' r:lll'fonl' s Drap ery Stor-e.<; .. . ... .. .

123 Dolwl l Bros.' Dair_,- Store ... ... ... .. .

125 DondPy and Testro's Work ... ... ...

101 Dorf'ns-st reet Pres b~· tenan Church ... 69 and 70 121 D c-11·ni-e 's Brea d Facto ry .. .

I•:d mnnds' Produ ce Stm:e 131 E.S. & A Bank

...

134

F:>nl()nd's Cvcle Works... .. l OS l ~1· :1ns Bros..' Works .. . ... .. . .. . ...

109 l •;x-~!fayor Coun cillol" Crai ne· .. . .. .

84 F. Cott.ere ll s and Co.'s W ork s 103 F. G. Mil es, Council Clerk 86 Fi (•ld's Tobacco Warehou se ... ... ...

130 Flannagan's Bicycl-e Rt(•r·e 103 Foot ha II -o n South Mel-b ourne Ground .. .

34 Frotn Town Hall . Looking South ... .. .

30 Fro1n Town Hall. L oo)\ing Toward s Beach 28 l•'rom Town Hall, Looking Towards St .

Ki ld a Road ... .. . ... .. . ... .. . ...

29 li' . Watkin s' Butcher.\' .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . 124 G(• lling's Boat ...... . : .. ....... .. . .. .... 124 U. H:'.l'll C\' s' Rign W ork;; .. . ............ ... 108 Goi'P rnn1ent House a nd Grounds, Opposite South Melbourne . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ...

55 Gl'<•nt Flood , 1891 ... .. . ......... 64 and 65 (iJ-n,,·eno"t· Paint ·w orks ... ...

108 Ha g ues' Plumbing Work5 ... ... ...

132 Hi ~- , fs D ental Room s .. .

115 H. Morgan's .. . . .. .. . .. .

121 £lom mopa thi c Hos{l ital.

52 Hon r ,·bone Hall ... ... ...

128 Hml'('\s Cr-ec<;cent .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .

46 rn nnd N-e ar Alex-andra. Avenue... ...

27 ln tf'rior of Town Hall ... .. . .. . ...

22 .r .. \llison's FncJ.e rtakin g E stablishment 132 .J .. \ nde rso n 's ... .. . .. .

130 .Tn s. Forbes' Works... .. .. ... .. . ... .. .

109 .Tns. H e r sche ll's Groce n · .. . .. . .. . .. .

12G J. G. R ookes' Grocery .'.. ... ... ... ......

129 .T. ~1. H oneybone and Son's Works ... ...

128 .Tno. Danks and Son's ... ... ... ... ...

102 .Tmws' News Age ncy and Book Shop 130 .T ubi lee History .. . .. . .. . .. . ... .. .

4 King'R Boot Shop .. . .. . .. .

131 Lang,dll Bros. and D avies' Works 100 L indsay and West's News Agency 135 Lit<' l'nt-y a.nd Deba-t in g Society .. .

87 and 88

138

Maples Furniture Warehouse

March Past, Scottish Rifles ...

63

McCauley's Furniture VJ'arehouse

139

McGibbon's Cycle Works ..

122 1\IIcKellam's Carpet Works ... .. . ... ...

108 Metropolitan Gas Co.'s .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. .. . ... 117 Mi·d dle Park Baths . .. .. . .. . . .. . .. .. .

124 Military Barr:Leli.S .. . . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. .

53 Mi lletJs Confectionery Works ... .. . .. . ...

125 Mintaro S late Works .. . ... ... ... ... ...

95 Mitche ll and McCabe's ... .. . ... ... ...

123 Mitchell's Tailoring Works .. . ... . ..

131 Morga.n' s Cele brated D airy ... ...

120 Moreton's Federal Cycle Works ... ...

123 Mr. Dawe's Monumental ·works... ...

96 Mr. O'Hara's School ... ... .. . ... ...

77 Murray's Wood Turnery ............ 122 and 134 " Neli ," Mr. Brine' Residence ... ... ... ...

90 Nettleton's Cycle S.tore .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . 125 Nixon and Son's Works .. . ... .. . . ..... ...

99 Old Views of S.outh Me lbourne ...... 40 and 41 Ope ning the Speedway ............... 62 and 63 P a uli n's Fruit Store ..................... 130 P e te r son and Larsen's 'Vorks ..... . 110 and 111 P. J. King's Works ... ... ... ... .. . ...

116 Pr-esenta.t ion of Colours Albert Park .. .

36 Princes Bridge (2 Views) .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .

89 Purvi s Bros. .. . . .. .. . .. . . .. .. . . .. .. . .. . \ 129 Qu-een's Bridg-e and Railway Bridge .. .

23 H-eco ll ections of the Council Clerk . . . . . .

14 H.eoollections of the Fifties .. . .. . .. .

12 He-eve and Marshall's .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .

98 R.eside nce (Councillor Mountain) .. .

47 Residence (Mr. Buxt<Jn) .. . .. . .. .

48 Hmnau Gath.olio Church .. . .. . ... .. .

71 Sa.vings B.ank ... .. . .. . .. . .. . ... ...

79 School Board of Advice .. . . .. .. . .. . .. .

91 Bennitt's Cold Storage and Ice Works 92 and 93 Si!bereisen's Carriage W orks ... ... ... ... . .. 122 S ix State SchooLs ... ... ..... . ......... 50 and Gl Skinner's Coa.ch Fa ctory .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. 134 S .M. Bowling Green and Oricket Grounds 49 Sne&sby's Works .. . ... ... ... ... ... .. . ... ...

99 . South Melbourne from Prince's Bridge .. .

24 .. St. Kild a Ro ad, South Melbourne, from Go. i!; J ve rnment House and Grounds ... ...

55 -.. S.t. Kilda Road (2 views) .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .

25 Taylor' · Grocery... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

1311 'L'he Chute and 'foboggan ... .. . ... . ..

44 The Lake ... ... ... ... ... ...

4_. ~ T11e Ma-rkets .. . .. .. .. ....... ... ... .

Th e Mayor and Councillors . . . . . . . . . ...

21 The Mayor a.nd Mayoress ............ 82 and 83 'L'he Old Orphanage .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .

2'0 T11e Town Hall .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. .. . . ..

19 T. H. P ayne ... ..... . ..... . ........ . 80 and 81 T. H. Whitworth's Grocery, etc., Stores ... 132 T . J. Connell:v and Son's' .. . .. . . .. .. . .. . 101 Tye and Oo.'s 'Varehouses and F.a ctory ... 119

78

Tyson's Furniture Warehouse

.. .

'(Tnited States 'l'ailoring Works ...

Fnveiling Jubilee Fountain ...

Vi ctoria Av-e nue .. . .. . .. . .. . . ..

Victoria. Varnish Co.'s .. . ... ...

Vie w on the La.ke .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .

View on the L a-ke .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .

Vie w on th e L ake .and Boat-sheds Views in St. Vincent's <Gardens Watts & Haig , EDtate Agents .. .

Wells & Son, Auctioneers

·...

140

... ... ... 135 .. . 42 and ·13 59 105 .. .

31 .. .

32 .. .

33 37 , 38, 39 137 138

Wesleya n Church .. . .. . ... ... ... .. . .. .

73 W. H . Brewer's W orks ... .. . .. . . .. ... ... ... 107 Whitw01:th Co.'s Grocery .. . ... . .. ... ... ... 1~2 W. Lew~s' Cycle Works ... ... ... ... ... ... 123 Wm . Tra.i n and Co.'s Mm-ble and Slate Wks. 94 W. Stephen's It·on Foundry ... .. . .. . ...

98 W. Swindley and Co.'s .. . .. . . .. . .. .. . . .. 113 Yachting Reminiscences .. . . .. .. . .. . . .. . ..

16 Yon! and G>.'s Hosiery Ma.mtfactory ... ... 133

4

City of South Melbourne.

JUBILEE OF THE :'vlUNICIP ALITY. The foundation of the Municipality of South Melbourne dates back to May z6th, r855, when, afte r an agitation for seYerance from the city o.f Melbourne, the Eme rald Hill district avail ed itself of the privilege of local self-governm ent, under Captain Clark's Municipal Act, and was proclaime d " Th e Municipal District of Emerald Hill. " Th e district was enlarged in r857 by th e in clusi on of a piece of land which formed the north ern part of Macarthur Ward in the city of Melbourne. On F ebru ary z6th, r8p, th e tow n of E merald Hill was proclaimed. The progress of th e to wn was so ra pid that in r88z it was declared the city of Emerald Hill, th e nam t· being subsequentl y changed to the city of So uth Melbourn e, on September 24th in th e following year.

The city of Melbourne was originally of much larger area than at present, extending from Br unsw:ck on the north side to St. Kilda on the south side, and from Punt-road, Richmond, to F'ootscray. The city was divided into four wards, the portion now known as South Melbourne being in the Lonsdal e Warr.l. When land was sold and the township formed in 1853, ho uses sprang up with great rapidity, and improvements in sanita tion and ro:r d construction were demanded.

The requests of the peopl e were ignored by the city fath ers, who wer e concentrating their efforts in impro vin <Y the central portions of th e city. After repeated appea ls and meetings, the " Hillites," as they . were th en called, resolved upon :J n expedient, which proved succe ssful. A council of war was ca ll ed in the iron store, and scouts were placed at diffe rent points on th e Sandridge-road to 1ratch for the city rate collector. When his arri val wils hera lded, a messenger was immediately despatched to th e F ire Briga de Station, where the fire-b ell was rung as. a warning to th e people not to pay rates.

The first election fo-r th e new muni cipality was conducted by the late Sir J ohn O'Shannassy, th·e foll ow ing gentl emen b eing returned:Mess rs. J ames Servi ce (who wil s elec te d chairman), Robert Stirling Anderson, Albert H ancock, H enry ~ out h Gardner, Charles Chessell, P e-ter McLean Ro·ss, and J ame s O'Bri en.

The Gove rnment assisted the new municipaliti es in those days by large votes, and by this benefaction of the Gov ernm ent and the rates levi ed, the municipality progressed rapidly. The ratable value of property a.t that titne was small, but only rs. in the pound was imposed, while to-day the assessment value of rateable property is £3o8,9rr, and the rate zs. The growth of the city necessitated the expenditure of moneys far beyond its rating power, and in r87 3 a loan of £zs ,ooo wa.s negotiated ~ to en:1 bl e th e council to- carry out certain publi c works.. Shortly afterwards a great public agitatio-n for the removal of the Melbourne Orphan Asylum, which occupied the grounds contained in the area ho-unde d by Clarendon, Dorcas, Cecil and Park streets. After some years this was carried out, the result

5 being the throwi ng open of the land for building purposes, aud th e acqui sition by the council of the land upon which the Town H a ll stands. T o compensate the Orphan Asylum Board, provide for th e erection of suitable buildings, and carrying out gen eral works, ano th er loan was flo ated of .£9o,ooo, a portion of which was u.sed to pay off the fi rst loan. In r88s the low-lyi ng land surro unding the Hill, ha ving been so·ld, hea.vy e xpenditure was inc urred by the counci l being required to fill up the land, so as to raise it to a levd which would a ll ow of the prop erties being properly dra ined. Th is necessitated the flotation of a new loan o.f .£8o,ooo, whi ch was ra ised in England at 5 per cent. Some fear 1vas expressed at the time that the E ngli sh market wou ld not rt:.spond to thi s, as it was a new experim ent for a municipality to go direct to the E nglish money market. H owever, this course was strongly recommenclecl at the time by the T own C lerk , and the loan p roved a great success, o\'er .£sooo beyond expenses being paid as premiums on the debentures. Shortly after the council , to keep pace with the general infl atio n of the boom p eri od, floated in 1889 a loan oi .£r28,7oo, at 4~- per cent. The loan was to some extent forced upon the council by th e abso lutely necessary precat;tion to keep level with the requ ests and offers of the Government, which, h aving large surplu ses, we re li bera l in grants to the municipalities, but required an equal expenditure o.f .£r for .£1. Under thi~ new loan, St. Kilda-road was entirely reconstructed, Bea consfieldparade wa.s made, the Hanna-stree t sewer and pumping station were provided, and la.rge wo rks entered upon. The value of land on the south side of the river rose ye~<y high, and, being so close to the city, the parent corporation sough t to ann ex a large portion to the ir city.

Every effort was made to bring about a severance, but extraordinary vigilance was exercised, with the resul t that the bound~ri e s remaineo intact.

ST. KILDA RAILWAY. ln Jul y or Augu st of r8s6 th e first co ntract was let for the constr uction of the Melbourne to St. Kild a railwav, the successful tenderer being a Mr. Crawford. Vari ous difficulties beset the path of the contractor, however, owing to the stringent conditions of the contract, which the company in an arbitrary manner subsequentl y cancelled. The fortnight ly pa.y of th e men working on the line was two days over-du e, and th ey claimed to be paid for the time they 1rere kept waiting. A test case was tri ed, and a ve rdict given against the contractor, who had 200 summonses issued against him tha t afternoon. The company brought a railway contractor from Sydney to complete the line.

An incident worthy of note in connection with the railway was the successful endeavo ur made in r863 to enforce the right of the council to a roadway acro.ss the line at Clarendon-street. On September q th Mr. Wm. Thistlethwaite, who was chairman of the· council (and who, by the way, had the honour of receiving the Duke 6£ Edinburgh when he visited Melbourne), instructed Mr. James Minty to procure timber and construct a footway across th e railway line b etween the time of running of the last train at night and the first tra in on . the fo-llowing morning. The work was successfully accomplished, the men remaining being Messrs . Minty, T. Graham, Thos. J enkins, and Wm. War:den.

An engine containing police, the engineer-in,chief, and the secretary

6

of the company, arri ved frum .\1el buurne, ami the alleged trespassers were ordered off the lin~ . Acting under instructions, they refused to leave, and were marched to the police station, 1rhere they were de· tained until they obtai ned bail for themselves. The day following they were charged with trespass, and the cases dismissed . They then proceeded against the company for damages for false impriso nment.

The action was tried in the Supreme Court, before a judge and jury of 12, who awarded £ro damages to J enkins, whose case was made a test one. It was two years, however, before th e matter ended, the result being that th e company agreed to improve th e approach to Queen's ·Bridge, and to erect a bridge, at a cost of £sooo, over Clarendon-street.

V AR:IOUS INCIDENTS. In 1852 a great influx of people fo llowed the reports of the gold finds, and no accommoda.tion co ul d be obtained. The people pitch ed tents on the rising ground near St. Kilda-road, and this particular place was named "Canvastow n." Sandridge (or Port Melbourne) was then unknown, the foreshore being known as. Liardet's Beach. tn the early history of the municipality, Mr. J ames Service (afterwards Premier of the colony) took an active part, and was chairm an in r8ss-6-7 . H e resided in a two-story house in Dorcas-st reet, nea r the railway station. Judge Higginbotham and his brother (who was Engineer-in-Chief of the Railway D epartment) resided in Montaguestreet, near Bank-street, where the house still stands. Mr. Robert Stirling Anderson was also an active man in politics, and was a councillor for many years. The well-known names of Andrew L yell , W. G. Sprigg and John Whiteman appear as councillors in the early days .

Up to 1859 water was an expensive item, th e rate being ros. 6d. a barrel. The supply was obtained from a tank at the corner of Montague-street and Sandridge-road, which was filled from a pumping station at J olimont. Wh en water was laid on, the first house to be conneoted with the service was a butC'her's .shop which stood on the site now occupied by the Railway Hotel.

In r8sg-6 o a strong movement was made for the establishment of a volunteer corps. The ma.tter was taken up warmly by the chairm an of the council (Dr. Palk), and a large body of volunteers enrolled .

In 1863 a disastrous flood occurred, which devastate d all the lowlying portions of the city on the river side. Rain fe ll for two days, and, with a strong south-west wind, the flood waters we re banked in the river, which overflowe d at S.t. Kilda-road, the depth of wate r running across the road being estimated at I I ft. The water also rushed across Albert-road into · the lake, and along a deep drain Tradespeople situa.ted where Beacons.field-parade is now formed . landed goods from boats, and funerals were taken round Alber.t-road and T oorak-road, th'rough Richmond, to the Melbourne Cemetery.

The water cut through the Sandridge-road at the Floodgate H otel, leaving a trench 16 ft. deep, over which a temporary bridge was erected to carry thEj traffic.

A strong agitation occurred in 1877-78 against the proposal of: the council at the time to have the Orphanage removed. Indignation meetings were held, and strong rep resentations ma de to the council to erect a Town Hall on the site now occupied by the E. , S. and A. Bank, and other buildings, which was then known as the National

7 School site. However, an Act of Parliament, enabling the council to carry out the proposa.l, wa.s passed, and the present palatial pile of buildings erected. The foundation-stone was laid by Mr. John Boyd (M.iayor), on Ma.rch 27th, r879, and the ball opened by Dr. Iffia in the following year. In r879 the designs for the new Princes Bridge and embankment were pre pared, and spec ial attention was given to the protection of South Melbourne from fl ood waters.

In r88r ano ther .serious flood occurre d, in which a young man was unfortunately drowned in F'e rrars-street while atte mpting to cross the floode d road.

This accident cost the South Melbourne Council .£2000.

In r886, the city was divided into five wards, and the number of councillors increased from nine to fifteen, Mr. Robt. Wright being e lected Mayor.

Up to r87 5 the land on th e southern side of Park-.stred, west of the railway line, wa.s occupied by various friendl y societies and rifle butts, mostly the low-lying land being a swamp. The Ministe r of Lands at the time was asked by the council to resume possession of the land temporari ly granted to the friendly societies, which was at once done, and the land subsequently cut up into building allotments, and sold at about £8o a quarter a.c re. The first hou se of any pre· centions built on that .side of Park-street is now known as "Kalgoorli e." Mr. W. P. Buckhurst built largely in the loca lity. The Albert Park Raihray Station was then known as the " Butts' Station," and the first train which stopped there landed one passenger only.

The road from F'errars-street to St. Kilda was constructed in r876, and extensive works were carried out by the Government in r878 in providing work for the unemployed. Beaconsfield-parade, then known as the Military-road, was formed from Sandridge to St. Kilda, all the batteries were levelled, and the swamps in Albert Park and Middle Park filled . The embankment which formed a connection b etween the railway stations of Windsor and St. Kilda was also levelled, and altogether about £3o,ooo spent in improving the locality.

A movement was made in r876 to get rid of th e Agricultural Society's Show Ground which then o cupied a site on the St. Kildaroad. The agitation was success ful , and th e Society removed to their present commodious grounds at Flemington.

In r87o a proposal to erect public baths wa.s made, but the idea was ridi culed at the time. A more .su ccessful proposition was the establishment of a gas com.pany. After several meetings the Government was approa.c hed, and a site secured. Everything went well with the company until they came into conflict with the company lighting the Ci ty of Melbourne. A long war resulted in th e latter company absorbing the South Melbourne Company on a share distribution basis.

The Mechanics' Institute was an early institution in the city, and occupied a piece of land granted by the Government a.t the comer o.f Cecil and Dorcas streets. The land was sold after the Institute W'as transferred to the Town H ail, where it is now open as a splendid free reading and lending library, under the supervision of the council.

Towards the end of r868, the first step towards the foundation of a Friendly Societies' Dispensary was taken. A numbe'r of lodge members, belonging to the Court of Fore,stry, met, and, although they

8 onl y numbered 873 members, they de termined to establish a united dispensary. Subsequen t meetings were held, and the J'trst United Friendly Societies' Dispensary of Australia wa.s opened- en · February rst, r86g. A good deal of diffi culty wa.s experienced at the· beginning, as many of the wholesal e chem ists refus ed to supply the new institution with drugs, owing to the opposition o£ local ch emists and doctors.

However, the dispensary outlived the prejudice, and is now a flourishing institution.

Amongst those who took an active pa rt in the foundation of the Dispensary were Messrs. J ohn Boyd, H. Fowler and J ohn Maxwell (who acted as secretary at the initi al meetings). Rule s were adopted, and the following permanent committee appointed: - Messrs. Walter Ray.son, J. McCarron, Geo. Stephens, A. Sproul, J oh n Boyd, F. M. Garson, Jas . Bra.cken, H. Fowl er, T. Ruddock, J ohn Sto-rey and M. Findla.yson. A piece of land was purchased, and the pre sent buil ding erected, at a cost of £r25o. Th e committee own a piece of land centrally situated near the Park-street railway bridge, which they propose to utilise in the future.

MIELBOURNE HARBOUR TRUST. The Melbourne H <trbour Trust, which was brought into existence for the control and management of ports and harb ours in 1877 , were instrumental in improvi ng South ·Me lbourne lrade, and consequentl y the city, by the vigorous manner in whi ch they proceeded with wharf ~.onst ru c tion, dredgi ng, and .shed building. Some idea may be gained of the magnitude of the work carried out by the fo.Uowing figures.

The Trust have provided shed accommodation r 1,420 feet in length, with an area of 53 7,330 square feet. There are 44 sheds altogether, reaching two miles in length. They own eleven dredges, five steam tugs, three steam launches, barges, cranes, and other necessary plant worth £536,ooo. The Trust has spent since its inception in maintenance, constructive works, working expenses, and property the enormous sum of £5,813,639 rgs. 8d.

CONTINUED IMPROVEMENT. The city continu ed to progress by leaps and bounds until the boom years, when the sudden failure of land-inflators to ma.inta.in values led to the smash which so many have cause to remember to their sorrow. But the district of Albert and Middle Park commenced to recover early, and is advancing at a great rate, and is fast becoming the popular resid ential area of the city. Added to that a good substantial class of building is being maintai ned. which will always keep it in the fore.

To give an idea of the city's expansion during the so years since its proclamation it has only to be stated that the following were the receipts for the first half-yea r: - Town rate, £533; Clarendon-street, £26; police fines, £3o ; dog licenses, £3· The revenue for 1903-4 was £48,152 , and the ratable value of prope·rty £3!4 1 450.

THE JUBILEE. Jubilee day was celebrated by the unveiling of a memorial fountain erected in honour of the soldiers from South Melbourne, who lost their lives in South Africa. The ceremony was performed by hi s Excellency the Governor, Sir Reginald Talbot, who we presented

with a scroll as <l souvenir o f the occasion. There was a very ,large attend at1ce of inte rested people. A pi cture of the fountain is given elsewhere. Subsequently the Mayo r also e ntertained the school children of the district a.t a series of bioscope exhibitions.

T\HE COUNCIL. Th e foll owing is the constitution of the co uncil :- Mr. J ohn Baragwanath (Mayor) . Counci llors: Bea consfie:d Ward- Messrs. E. A. Wells, F. G. F arr, J ohn Baragwanat h. C m te rb ury Ward- Crs. A. Parker, J. S. White (J.P. ), and W. 0. StrangwaJd. Fawkner Ward-Crs. J. Slos.s, J. P. Sennitt, and Thos. Craine. Normanby Ward- Crs. F. G. Knight, H. E . L aslett, and J. L. Murphy. Queen's W ard-Crs. D. McArthur (J.P.), J . Coc kbiiJ, W. J. Mountain (J.P.).

Th e foll ow ing are the offi cers: - T own C1erk, MJ·. Fredk. Geo. Mikos ; City Surveyor, Mr. A. E. Aughti e, C.E.; Treasurer, Mr. \V. H. DO' n; Ra te Collector, Mr. A. P. F orbes; Assistant R ate Collecto r, · Mr. Chas. Andrews ; Va luers, Messrs. J. 0. Lean and Chas.

Foster ; Fore man of Works, Mr. P. K err; Inspector, Mr. P. Dalton ; H all Keeper, Mr. W. S. Day; H ead Gardener, Mr. D. Forbes; H ealth Officer, Dr. T. J. W. K enny; Librarian, Mr. E. D. H eather.

SPORTING CLUBS. The male po-rtion of the community ente red ea rly into the field of sport, and there is no t a branch in whj ch they have not produced champions . Cricket, footb all, rowing, tennis, boxing, foot racing, horse racing even, have all come in for a. share of attention.

OR.ICKET. The cricket club was comm enced in a very humble way, the original pitch being situated at the river side of Sandridge-road near the Castle maine Brewery, but as time progressed a pitch was. applied fu r and granted in Albert Park, and the club have now, through a generous donor, a ground second only to one in the colony. They have a fine pavilion, from which a ma,.gnificent view may be obtained o.f the splendid park, the ocean, and the numerous fine residences 11·hi ch come within range. A progressive committee are p ushing the dub ahead, and improving the grounds on every side. They provide amusements besides cricket , and, during the summer months, moonli ght concerts are a great source of attraction. The club has pro~iu ced many a good playe r, whose name s are t.oo well-known to need recording here. Several of them are still living, and enjoy the comfort of a ground which is in strong contr;:tst to their old pitch along· · side the old plank road.

FOOTBALL. The football club also emerged from hu.mble surroundings, and their members have achieved greateness in the field. The club was originally the Albert Park Football Club, which amalgamated with the Hotham. _They played their matches on Albert-road in r869 and r87q. The members paid 3s. 6d. membership subscription, the receipts of the club for the season being £u ns. The expenditun~ amo_ unted to £6 9s: 3d., the principal items o.f expenditure being two footballs and a · bladder, £s 7s. 6d. The new club was established in r88o, and such was the rate of progress in those days that in 1890 the .ex;penses amounted to ' .£2,462 12s. 3d., the sum of £923

10 being spent on excursions for the players, and £325 ros. on trophies.

Th e club have been several times premiers, and have turned out som e very fine players. The team h ave probably the most complete gymnasium and train.ing rooms in Vi ctoria, generously provide d by a ,·igorous president and committee.

THE BOWLING CLUB. The Albert Park Bowling Clu b, co nnected with the cri cket cl ub, is also well looke d after, ha1·ing two good gree ns to play upon, and comfortable dressing-rooms. The playing members have always been in the forward ra.nks, and have provided playe rs equal to the best.

There is also a lad ies' club play ing on the ground, and a special green is being laid down for the ir convenience. The committee are energeti c, and the lad ie show an aptitude in grasping th e points of the game. For the first time probably in the world the cri cket club committee inaugurated a ser ies of matches, which were played by electric light. They proved to be a great success, and the committee were complimented on all sid es by visitors from other clubs on the satisfac tory result of the experiment.

AQUATICS. Aquatics on the la.ke have always been a source of attraction to the young men of the district, who have mainta ined two rowing clubs and a sailing club. The Alb ert Park Rowing Club holds some br-illiant rec ords in races, ana nave a club room second to none in tb.e State, the room, which is well-furnished, contains a full-sized billiard table, and hung round the walls are photos. of old members who ha1·e performed doughty dee:ds for their club. It may be mentioned here that one of their popular members, :.1r. Alec. Chamley, has won no fewer than ros ra ces, included in which are severa.l Inter-State contests. Unfortunately, through an accident, he h as been compelled to retire from rowing.

The South Melbourne lZowing Club are well housed, and havt· some good boats, but the memb ers do not take the vigorous interest in the sport which characterises the sister cl ub.

The Albert Park Yacht Club have a good members' roll, and some interesting matches are contested between the members.

BOWLING AND TE NNIS CLUBS. The South Melbourne Bowling Club an<i the Albert P ark T ennis Club occupy grounds in the pi cturesque St. Vincent Gardens, situated on the western side of the railwa y. Th e bowling club have a capital green, and a comfortable pavilion. The players are always able to give a good acco unt of th emselves, and they have also a ladies' club whi ch has b een very successful.

The T ennis Club have a good court, and th eir players have frequently attained premiership honours.

OTHER CLUBS. The othe r clubs include th e Melbourne Speedway Club, the newlyformed Middle Park Bowling Club, the popular rifle club, swimming, and last, but by no means least, the South Melbourne Cycling Club': Added to these of eourse are the numerous junior cri cket and football clubs.

THE MARKET. The market is one o.f the leading business places of the city, and

•

11 is worthy of such an important suburb as South J\'lelbourne. It had a modest beginning, but is now a valuab le asset to the City Council, who derive a large revenu e from the tolls and dues collected. Thi~ year the experiment is being m ade of having the dues collected under tl1e supen ision of the council s· officers. in stead of leasing the ma.r ket as had always been done previously. One. need only visit the market on Wednesdays, Fridays, and Satu rdays,.. to see what a. boon it is to the peop le of the city. A constant stream of humanity is to be seen going to and fro, carrying baskets, bags, etc., laden with household suppli es, which are nea rl y always obta inable at moderate prices.

One can· obtain al mo,st anyt hing " from a needle to an anchor, " as the saying is, so diverse are the. articles offered. Th ere is always a very large at tendance on ma rket days, and sta ll-holders are kept busy supplying the wants of customers.

THE PARK. During the past s o years the surrou ndi ngs of the park have been made deli ghtful and picturesqu e-looking, and the place is universally used as a pleasure resort. Th e 6oo acres contained in the park certainly are the lungs of the city. The reserves ha ve been planted with handsom e trees, and the vi ew on a fine day from the cricket dub pavili on of the wide expanse of green sward, dotted with sports men engaged in thei r va rious games is wo rth going a long way to see.

The large area on the western side lends itself to displays of military evolutions, and is largely utilised for that purpose. The park is managed by a committee elected by the South Melbourne and St. Kilda Councils, and representatives from the Lands Departmen t. Each of the councils contribute £zso per annum, which is supplemented £r for £r by the Government. A revenue is also derived from the le asing of grazing areas, and from the various clubs occupying sporting grounds . The roads are well kept, and a large staff are kept going in keeping the place in order.

TH'E LAKE .

The lake compri ses II3 acres of the park, and is a fine sheet of water. Until recently grea t difficulty. was experienced in keeping the large expanse of water free from weeds and undergrowth, but the committee of management succeeded in obtaining a weed cutter from E ngland, and the sports of yac hting and rowing are freely indulged in without any drawbacks. Plenty of boats are available at the sheds fo r patrons.

BEACONSFIELD PARADE. One of the vastly improved parts of the city is ·BeaconsfielJ-parade, whi ch, from a succession of sand h'ills, has become a resort which attracts thousands of people from all _parts of Melbourne during the summer season. The walk along the parade on a fine da y has a most exhilarating effect upon the nerves, and on holiday occasions. the place is literally alive . with picnickers, who enjoy themselves in the IVater to their hearts' content. Excellent bathing accommodation is provided, and on two nights in the week,· and frequently on Sundays, band performances are given in the rotundas. The parade is being fast built upon, and the time is not fq.r distant when not a vacant allotment will be available on the sea front between Port Melbourne and St. Kilda.

12

Recollections of the Fifties.

BY J. B. YOUL. Travelling in the neighbourhood of Emerald Hill in the fifties was often very dang.erous and unpleasa nt. For some years I had to l'fO.Ss the Yarra night and morning, and in order to get to it, more especially fro m the south side, had to trave l along one of severaJ ramshackle gangways, about 2 ft. wide, raised from 2 to 6 ft. above the quagmire, or swamp, which lay between the C~ ty- ro ad, then called S.andridge-road - if it might be dignified by the name of road-and the river. There were three or four ferries, and each licensee had to provide their own approaches, or gangways. On dark nights and mornings one had to be exceedingly care ful how he or she walked along these flim sy structures. It was a common occurrence for people to miss the ir footing and fall over, more especia lly if they happened to be unsteady in their gait; and he re it may be mentioned that artizans and labourers, and even young women and girls, had to commence work at 6 o'clock in the morning, and continue at it in many cases till 11 o'clock at night.

Very often I had to go and escort my sister home from her pla.ce of business in Collins-street at a late hour, and one night, when Elizabeth-street was flooded from side to side and from end to end with a rushing torrent of storm water, I missed my footing at a crossing, and was all but carried away underneath a culvert, but happily managed to clutch hold of the edge of the culvert, and, with the aid of my sister, scrambled out. Indeed, travelling became so dangerous, owing to the cutting up of the roads by bullock drays, etc., that pedestrians had to carry lamps to light them on their way. One of the ferries at the foot of Spencer-street was le ased by Patrick Hanna (Peter he used to be called), who made a pile of money at it, and in course of tim e became quite a nabob, with a seat in the Legislative Council.

By-and-bye a pile bridge was built over the river at the then falls, but it seriously interfered with the ferryman 's traffic near by, so one morning it was discovered that several of the piles had been sawn through in a slanting direction, so that if the river became flooded, or a hea.vily weighted dray crossed over, it had a chance of being wrecked; indeed, if the dastardly act had not been noticed when it was, there migh't have been a serious catastrophe. However, it led to the abolition of that ferry, and the punishment of the rascal who perpetrated the deed.

Along the south bank of ' the river, 路commencing near the old Prince's Bridge, there were two rows of wooden shanties, built on piles, something after the style of the lake dwe路llers we see in pictures. Running down between them was a ricketty wooden gangway, about 3 ft. wide, and from 4 to 10 ft. high, which served as a street, and a means of allowing the residents to get in and out of their dwellings or workshops.

On the opposite, or north, side of the river, the bank gradually sloped down, allowing the drivers of water carts to fill their barrels.

Sometimes they ventured in too far, and got bogged.

13 Just below, or to the west of the ferry, at the foot of Clarendonstreet-or Clarendon-street then in imagination-was the commencement of an almost impassable quagmire of swamp, ti-tree and tangJed vegetation, extending to the mouth of the river, reminding one somewhat of those horrible America n dismal swamps we read about.

I t was often a source of pleasure to the writer to lie down on the green sward on Batnan'.s HJII and watch the droves of wild bullocks be ing driven to the slaughter-yards-which were located where the gas works now stand- by the alm ost equ a lly wild stockmen careering on their horses, over the muddy plains stretching away to the Saltwate r Rive r, and cracking their great whips over the cattle.

About bullocks, one morning, on my way to my place of business in the city, I noticed a very large bullock lyi ng dead in Queen-street.

It had broken away from the herd, and came tearing. and bellowing along the street, making all and sundry fl y to places of refuge, when a medium-sized white bulldog rushed at the monster, caught him by the nose, and hung on till he brought him down, which allowed a poli ceman to come out of his hiding-place and shoot him.

The principal shipping traffi c on the Yarra was confined to tugboats, towing lighters to and from the ships in the bay, and the small paddle stea mers plying to Geelong. It was sometimes a risky underta king for passengers in going aboard or coming ashore to walk along a 2 ft. wide plank for several yards, as there was no wharf accommodation . It was just the vi rgin ea rth bank on which the shore end of the plank re sted. One day I stood watching the passeng~rs as they footed the plank, and I well remember being struck with the beauty of a young lady, a brunette, being carefully shepherded along the plank by the captain. It is strange how the appearance and the fa.ces of some people leave such a lasting impre ssion on the mind.

The Ya.rra has been the sce ne of many a tragedy during the last fifty yea rs. Some have been cleared up, but many, many others neve r will be. Marvellous and wonderful have been the changes wrought along its banks, and no doubt, as time goes on, further progress and development will mark the surroundings of its everfl ow ing waters. " Epochs in times triumphal onward march, Events predestined leave their imprints deep, Enduring as the firmame ntal arch, In seen and unseen. matter, spirit, mind, Onward and upward in evolving sweep, Re'<'路orr1s of Nature.'s storY and mankind."

14

Recollections of Mr. C. H. Miles, Council Clerk.

SOUTH MELBOURNE IN FLOOD TIME. This city's experience of floods has been accompanied by some amusing and, at least, one tragic incident. Mr. Miles, the Council Clerk, has a record of a friend of his who sai led over what is now a, thickly-populated part of the city in the time of a great flood in 1845. Again, in 1849, the waters covered all the low-lying part of South Me lbourne, leavi ng only the · hill itself uncovered. Not much inconvenience was occasioned by these, as the re was no population except the scattered bri ck-makers ·and two or three settlers on the banks of the rive r, but in 1863, during the great flood, the· first time the he ight of the waters was marked, the communication with the hill w'as only accomplished with boats.

THE FLOOD OF 188o.

In Septembe r, 188o, a very heavy continuous rainfall had the effect of causing the river to rise very high, and the strong south-west gales that accompanied the downpour had the effect of backing up the ,,·aters of the river, and , on a Sunday afternoon, noting the conjunction of these two forces, Mr. Miles went down on to the then Falls Bridge, and there meeting Mr. W. F. Walker, M.P., and Mlr. John Boyd, they went to Prin ces Bridge and saw that the waters of the river were then just passing over the low road on the south side ; .seeing that the low land at the ba.ck of the barracks was likely to be inundate d, he hastened back, saw the Mayor and obtained the services of a bellman who went by Hanna and Moray stree-ts, and, by Thistlewaite-street and Gladstone-place, rung his be ll, uttering a solemn warning of the inroads of the water. All was of no avail, The residents who were having the ir Sunday afternoon nap, like the antediluvians, regarded the warnings of the modern Noah as idle tales, and refused to believe in the possibility of a flood . Only a few hours elapsed before they found, to their cost, that the warnings should have been attended to. In the darkness of the night might have b een seen strange figures lightly attired splashing about in the waters, and entreating to be taken off in the boats which had to be hurriedly got to work, and which were plyi ng among the panicstricken women and chi ldren, and taking them to places of shelter.

A F'A T ALITY. On the following morning a most unfortunate occurrence took place. The water in F errars-street was up to a point near City-road, and a number of pe·qple were assembled when a yo ung man drove up in a butcher's cart and turned into Ferrars-street; the crowd called to him, strongly advising ., him to refrain, but he, with a laugh at their fears, dashed on, saying that he knew the way to Gladstone-place. As he reached Buckhurst-street, where the water was running with a strong current, his horse swerved, got on to the footpath, and was carried into a deep hole at the corne r. The crowd which had watched his reckless drive, now looked with horror on

15 ~is fate, ~or, seen for a moment clinging to the horse, he sunk from sight. His body was recovered as the waters subsided , and, beyond the regret felt at the result of his foo lhardy conduct.

THE COUNCIL MULCT. A:Il was thought to be over, but a sharp lawyer got wind of the matter.

An acti on was commenced against the council, and Judge Higinbotham decided that, although the man was warned by the crowd, that did not relieve the council, who should have ha d a gang of men at every point where danger existed, to officially warn people from attempting suicide.

The upshot of the matter was that the 1rirlow obtained £rooo, while a child a. few months old received £3oo.

A RED-LETTER DAY. The opening of the Town Hall was celebrated with most unheardof festivities- a ball and concert and a luncheon. The latter · was conducted under most disadvantageous conditions ; the day was bitterly cold, the large hall (only part iall y fille d) " as. rlraughty, and wall s were damp. His Excellency shivered, and sent for his overcoat.

The toast list was lengthy, and everybody was wishful for the end, when the volunteers, drawn up in front, who could not stand the cold any longe-r, mistook a sign given by an official, and tramped into the hall, just as the architect was about to respond to the toast of his health, and took their seats at the denuded tables. This cause d a diversion, the a.rchitect stormed, and was indig,nant with the official ; the latter was quite equal to the oc·casion, and everyone rejoiced th at an opportunity was afforded to quit the feast.

A:N AMUSING INCIDENT. The arrival of Lord Hlopetoun gave rise to a most amusing mcident. The procession was to be led through Port Melbourne by the Port Me lbourne Council. South Melbourne Council determined to meet the procession at the houndary and head it through the city, and engaged a drag. They waited at th e pla.c e patiently, and then the drag led the way. This was no part of the programme as laid down by the Military Chie f, who had the command, and the sight · of the drag disturbed his equanimity. He hastily summoned his orderly, and sent him ahe ad at full gallop to order the offending rlra.g out of the proce ssion, but, dreadful to relate, the orderly, a most military and handsome-l ooking young fellow, was actually an officer of th e South Me lbourne corporati on, and his efforts to. carry out ~he commands of his superior officer, and at the same time not to offend ills employers, were s o ludicrous as to cause roars of laughter all along the route, and to be a ~ource of merriment among the councillors for months after.

16

Yachting Reminiscences.

BY "VAN. " It is now some what ove r a decade since the present writer was prone to take the wheel in a weekly revi ew of yac hting and yacht raci n~ matters, in the long-repeated endeavo urs to pilot the pas time into a more progress ive and practically useful one from a nationa l point of view, thus ma.king it something more than a Sat urday afte rnoon's recreation.

H e has always been of opini on that ya chting was not only one of the most generouo. and man ly of sports, but certai nly the· most usdul that man has yet invente d for the occupation of le isu re hours. I t is al so one that should count largely in directing its youthful votaries . to wilrd s marit ime pursu its, these giving force to Captai n Marrya.tt's axiom, that__:_

· ." This differen ce of our natio n is increased, By e very man being more or less a sai lor. " Not only have its vo ta ries the ex hilaration of wa.ve-climbing, and its bra cing effect on the ne rves after the week's menta l and physi cal strain, but the consciousness that they are he lping along one of the idea ls which has . conduced large ly to make the Britain of to-day what she is, and the Britis h race a world-spre ading powe r, and the envy of the nations. It is, howeve r, the security of our own hea rths and homes that Australia ns are most interested in, and, at a time when Australia is called on to witne ss the uprising of a maritimf' rolosseus in dose proximity to our northe rn boundar ies. Security will depend more on the yo uth of our seaboard, than the Socialistic fads of the " political journeyman, " and the Den >ishes who dance to the tune of a White Australia.

It \vas thought by many yachting men th at on the advent of a. late Governor who · wa.s prone to pose as one of the foremost yachtsman of Erigland , " that yac hti ng and. yacht-racing in Vi ctoria was about to assume a more progress ive and tru ly national character. It was anticipated that there woul d be club matche-s more worthy of the name, where fishermen . and other vota ri es sailing outside the clubs wo ul d be permitted to take part, but sailing rrien were soon dismusioned by the offer of £rei, publicl y, by the Vice~regal com modo-re of the R oyal Ya.c ht Club of Vi ctoria, for the design of hi s yacht, the only particulars vouched being a load line limit of' from 24 · to 28 feet. Out of some I 5 de signs and models sent in, the only one which found favour in his L ordship's eyes, notwithstanding the recommendation of the judges of two deeper and more seaworthy craft-one a race• and the other a cruiseT, fit to .sail round our coasts, was a shallow half-decked racing m,?t:hine, the designs of which ap, peared in the "Yachtsman " the previous year. Readers will therefore not be surprised to lea rn that when asked b y his Lordship to favour him with a prograrn'me of an intercolonial regatta, the writer informed the new and not ve ry magnificent patron of the pastime he

17 professed to be desirous of helping-" That an intercolonial regatta was out of the question, while such a little shallow· racing machine as the ' He len ' would be put forward to race with legitimately-built and equipped yachts which would have to sa.il from here to other colonies."

Under Lo·rd Brassey's regime the professional yachtsman became as extinct as the Dodo. He was becoming some what of ·a negligible quantity before, but the laying up of the " Sunbeam " sent him to " Davy Jones' locker, " · nor has he been seen in these parts since, except o0casionally aboard the " M:~y Queen" schooner yacht, owned

by R. White.

Although South Melbourne possesses the finest foreshore in Port Phillip for yachting, it has never figured prominently in sailing, unless the matches that have taken place of late years on the Albert Park Lake can be· said to claim any legitimate affinity to the more breezy pastim e on the bay as Lindsay Gordon says in one of his coastal rhapsodies:" Oh, brave white horses, ye gather and gallop, When the storm -cloud loosens your lusty reins."

About three decades ago some very interesting sailing matches took place on the Albert Park L<~ ke, whe n the "Foam," "Emerald," "Reporter," and other sma.r t craft made their debut, and hoisted thei·r racing fl ags under th:e bargee of the A.P.Y.C. every Saturday afternoon. Shortly afteT their launcn, the two former took part in a Brighton Yacht Club regatta, and easily distanced the ancient-looking centre-boarders of the IocaJ club. The ir designer, then a resident of · Ballarat, · has kept a large sheaf of telegrams, " re-counting their weekly victories," often· when conceding as mu ch as eight and ten minutes to their rivals. Bay-s-ailing, however, soon attracted · their owners to more exhilarating 'c;ontests, and match -sailing on th e Albert Park Lake soon went bae k to its old hired boat practice, when crafo become yaohts in name, a.lthough not in appe-arance, during the time they are hired by the club member. The ir doings have occasionally been enlivened by visitors from the Cona.warra. and Ballarat Lake craft in regatta and private matches. That match-sailing under the bargee of the A.P.Y.C. has become almost a thing of the past, and has apparently in intere st given pla ce to what is termed model yacht racing; it certainly is not because the latter is in the least conducive to improvement in form for bay sailing, as some of its votaries profess. Surely it is not because the dockya rd of the club is at the northern comer of the lake, that the matches should not take place in the southern portion, ~here the open space is of larger area, and where the large island is not so much in the way. How long this monument of Lacustrine engineering will re main an obstruction to lake sailing and rowing will doubtless remain to be descanted on in the next centenary hand-book of South MelbournP., judging by the pace of improvements of the last three decades.

Some twenty yea.r:s back the· present writer, on visiting the Albert Park Lake, in the company of the late engineer of the Ballarat City Council, was asked what srheme of improvement he had chalked out. H e replied that his idea was to divide the lake into three· sections by dams intersecting the large northern island, also the small

lR or.~e

left right in the entrance of the St. Kilda reach, taking the bottom out to a depth of two or t hree feet, and the islands and stuff removed to be pl:1ced on t he banks- ra ising the same in Serpentine contours- one section to be done yearl y, :1nd its water to b e syphoned into the next. This sche me was so much approved of that his friend asked him to introd uce him to the town clerk a nd the engineer, as he de sired to exprt>ss his ;tpproYa l of th e proposal. Some short time aftE'r this e pisode a mnl'ement took p lace among the lake clu bs to urge th is sc hem e on th e 2.ttention of the C ity Cou11cil.

A meeting, largely attended, com ened by the then Mayor, Cou nci ll or F . Mackey, in whi ch S E' I 'e r~ I cou ncill ors took part, urged imp ron~ m e n t in the di rectio n suggested.

This was the last of t he propos~!; some time after, thE' pre·,.e nt flimsy low-lving wooden bre asting wa.s put up, so low, in fact, in som e p laces tha t a sli ght ripple fann ed by a smart breeze will 01·e·rlop a nd swamp the s ide-walk.

The write r wou ld not conside r this somewhat hasty no tice of the Albe rt Park I .a. ke, ~nd its sa il ing clubs complete without mentio ning one spe cial and original ch a1·actt>ristic of its votaries, which savors l'ery much of the p edestr ian a nd oth er are nas. In all British, Ame ric~ n and Conti ne nt:1l yac ht or sa iling dubs, it is the na rne a nd prestige of the boat or Yacht that is the importa nt factor in all match sa.iling , thE' skippe r and crew be ing of se·conda rv mome nt, and onl y auxiliaries to her performances. Need I say our loca l skippe rs, and subordinate Corinthian s wear their trophies on their watch-chains.

Although Melboume South has not figured mu ch in bay sailing fr om a club point of view, it has a fair claim to the produ ction of t he most notable yachts that ha ve bee n built in Victoria. Even the schoone r yacht "May Queen," although built in Fitzroy, w'a.s <iesigned and draughted at the bottom of Cl a rendon-street. · Also from here came the " J anel" "Assegai," "Little Easte rn," a nrl m~ n v othe r vachts and launches including the " W anderer of Portl a r~d," the firs t of her type, and most seaworthy of the fi shi ng fleet of t: h a~ port.

The

Town

Hall ,

l-:l

0

The Old Orphanage which stood on site of the present Town Ha ll_

The

Mayor

and

Councillors ,

City

of

South

Melbourne .

Interior

of Town

Hall.

QueEn ' s

Bridge

Coasting

and

Vessels

Rai I way

on

the

Bridge.

Yarra .

' ,•

The

River

and

South

Melbo'urne

f,:om · Princes · Bridge.

r------------------ ------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------- ~

'~

~

.

"' .'r .

Residences

View

of

St .

K i lda

on

St.

Road ,

Kilda

South

Road ,

South

Melbourne ,

Melbourne .

and

Burns '

Statue .

Alexc.ndra

..

I

Avenue .

In

and

Near

Alexandra

Avenue.

I

Looking

~-

towards

Beach

from

Town

1-tall

Tower.

Looking

towards

St .

Kilda

Road

from

Town

Hall

Tower.

Looking

South

from

Town

Hall

Tower.

A

View

on

the

Lake .

General

View

of the

Lc.ke.

Boat

Sheds

on

Lake.

+-

A

Premiership

Match

at

South

Melbourne

Football

Ground .

.._..

.>f.!::"!!!!.l

--,.. ""'

-...

Bowling

Green,

Albert

Park.

I

Presentation

of

Colours

from

H.M.

the

King

at

Albert

Park.

A

View

in

St .

Vincent ' s

Gardens.

In

St.

Vincent's

Gardens.

In

St.

VIncent ' s

Gardens .

In

St.

Vincent's

Gardens .

....(_.

• i"J-~>~-. ~-·

~;. ~

Bowling

Green

.!

' Y'&a.,

Pavilion ,

St.

Vincent's

Gardens.

·.,.~:'!·

-;()~:.;::•

Vi e w

of

South

Melbourn e

in

the

Sev e n ties .

Distant

View

of

View

Batman's

of

Hill

Emerald

&

City

Hill

from

in

the

South

Early

Fifties.

Melbourne

in

1839 .

unveiling

the

Jubilee

Fountain.

Old

Identities.

Unveiling

of the

Jubilee

Memorial

Fountain .

â&#x20AC;˘

'

Shooting

Toboggan

the

&

Chute .

Chute ,

Cafe

Chantant

Cafe

by

Chantant

at

Electric

the

Light .

Chut e .

-1

Residence

built

by

Councillor

Mountain .

" 1-tughenden ,"

The residence of

J. R.

Bux ton, Esq. , principal of the firm o f

Beaconsfield

J. R.

Parade ,

Middle

Park ,

Buxton & Co., Estate Age nts, and a lso of the firm of Rudd & Co., Tea I mporter s & Distributors.

49

The

South

Melbourne

Bowling

Lake.

Green

St.

Vincent's

Gardr3ns.

...

Cricket

Ground .

50

The State Dorcas

St re e t ,

.r

Eastern

R ichardson

Street ,

Middle _; Park ,

Road.

51

City's

Schools) City

Road.

@.

0

Montague.

Albert

Park,

Homoeopathic

Hosp i tal.

The

Military

Barracks,

St.

Kllda

Road .

A

Garden

Scene .

St.

Kilda

Rd. ,

Government

South

Melbourne ,

House

&

from

Grounds,

Gov e rnment

opposite

South

House

Gates .

Melbourne.

Albert

and

Kerford

Roads

Kerford

Road

Pier ,

58

Canterbury

Road

from

K e rford

Road.

y

Opening

Middle

Park

Bowling

Green.

Beaconsfiel d

Parade.

Beaconsfield

Parade.

VIctoria

Avenue.

60

Bridport

Dorcas

Street.

Street"

61

r

Cl a rendon

Clarendon

Street .

Street .

The

Speedway ,

Albert

Park .

63

Opening

of the

Speedway,

Albert

Park .

..

March

Pa&t

of the

Scottish

Regiment .

64

T he

The

Great

Great

Flood

Flood

of

cf

1891.

1891 .

65

The

River

Great

F'lood

of

lrnprovernents

since

the

1691.

Great

F'lood .

66

Presbyterian

Church,

Clarendon

Street .

Clarendon Street Presbyterian Church.

Clarendon-street Presbyteria n Church had its ori gi n in a conflict with the Free Church Presbytery of Me lbourne abo ut a mini sterial settlement on Emeral d Hill. That trouble., now g r01m shadowy, is strikingly reminiscent of the Erskine's and G8 irney Bridge. The originators were sturdy Non-Intrusionists and Voluntaries. " The y had splendid purpose in their eyes, but were de1路out men 1rithal.

They-ha,vingi constituted themselves into a co ngregation, and having rece ive d recognition from the U ni ted Presbyteria n Presbytery- met first for 1\"0rship in the "Great Iron StO're ." in Cec il-st reet in r855路 This buil ding st ill stands on the same spot. Its ricissitucle s invest it with an almost human inteTest. At first it was a soft goods store .

Then Geneva (i n the fom1 of the above congregation) ll路o rshi pped there.

Afte rwards. Canterbury (in the sha ne of St. Luke's Church of England) found a temporary home within its wa ll s.

Anon po liticians waxed eloquent as they informed the free and indepemlent electo rs how theY had kept the earth in its orbit, and how thev pur posed to make th e Solar Syste m the home of a happy and prosperous people. Cou ncillors met in solemn r oncl ave there. D ances anrl concerts were held there. Sugar and soap, hay and corn have been sold there, and no1r th e old building is a breakfast hO'use for marketers. N o路r is thy last

G'i

end, Old Iron Store, an ignoble one. F or behind th e steaming tea and coffee, the butte red toast and eggs路, and aU the varied excellence of a good brea kfast, lie a. wo rl d of poetry, philosophy and pla stic art.

The congrega tion grew rap idly. I t, however, found the tradi ng environmen t uncongen ia l. It also fo un d the buildi ng hot in summer and cold in winter. An allotment was bought in H owe Crescent, and a wooden chu rch erected upon it. Thi ther the peop le moved about 1857路 T bi s structure- long since swept a way by the vill a. buil der- soon beca me too small fo r the congregation.

By this ti me, r86o, tbe union of the various. Presbyterian Chu rches in the colony had ta ken p lace, an d unde r its influence the stem , unbending volunta ryism of these old blue bonnets had weakened . A noble site. in Clarendon-street, was obtai ne d fro m the Governme nt of the day, and on it the presen t building, diml y suggt!stive of an unfini shed P arthenon, was e rected, and opened free of debt in r 864.

The first minister of the Church was John Ball anty ne. H e was inducted in r 8ss, and died in Edinburgh in r8 6o. H e seems to have been a grave, lea rn ed an d saintly man. His p resence was a benedictio n, hi s li fe an argument f or the faith without an Achi lles' heel in it. " H e was a good man, full of the H oly Ghost an d' of f aith, and much people was added unto the Liard."

Hugh Da rling succeeded him in r861. He wa s an Apollos, " an eloquent man and mighty in the Scriptures." H e ministered with much a.cceptance, until fa iling heal th compelled him to resign in 187 4路 H e died at K ew in r877.

Alexander Fraser Knox followed. Hi s mini stry was short but potent. H e drew the people, especi ally the young, as by a mighty spell. The Church was crowded. The communica nts alone almost filled' it. H e preached the Gospel p owe rfully and persuasively. A genius, a mystic and a child of eternity, he was the Sir Ga1ah ad of the band, H e accep ted a call to Se ymour in 1876, and d1ed in Melbourne in r88g.

Charles Bell appeared from Scotland towards the end of r876, and was dul y called and inducted into the charge of Clarendon-street.

H is la rge, benevolent p resen ce lies abroa.d over the con gregation and communi ty still. T he present ministe r, as he toil s along mean an d crowded streets. is known as the man f rom BelJ!s Church. H e was an ea rnest and e va ngelical preacher. H e was also the friend of all t he failures and dea.dbea ts of th e neighbourhood. Human wreckage, f ro m a II the seven seas, drifted towar ds the ki ndly shores of the Manse.

R axely has such a me nage been seen since Samuel J ohnson's day.

H e was an a rdent F reetrader. H e could not understand h ow an y man of sense could be a P rotectionist. H e vis ited the market-plac<> on Sat urday ni ghts, an d proclai med the evangel of Adam Smith.

T he crowds 'inte rm pted him, contrad icted him, decli ned enti rely to l1e convinced by him, but cheered and loved him through it alL Bell left for Ne w South W ales in r8g5. H e still "allures to brighter wo rl ds and leads the way" in Wa.gga.

Sim pson followed him. Hi s ministry was brief. H e early reali sed that his best work could not be done in South Melbourne, that hi s genius roul d not fl ower in Clarendon-street, and so" H e folded hi s, tent like an Arab, And as silently stole away."

GS This worthy nnd 'ch ola rly ma n 1s now 111 t he se rv ir e of t he Estnh -

1is hed C hurr b o f S cotland.

J- B . RonalJ cnme next. The- congregat io n 1r as in a sickl y st.1te wh Pn he took c ha rge. I t rn lli ecl som e1rhat unde r his min ist ry. A pe rf e n·id Srot, he stood o n Burns a nrl the Bihle. Hi s ;11·e rs i-o ns 1rere C hina me n nnrl Freetr::Hle rs. Of th t' sc hool of Dal e a nd Hu g h l'ri re Hu g h s, h e stood midway Lt> t1r ee n lht> pulpit a nd po.Jitics.

He so co mm en .lerj him self to th e rommun ity that in less thnn three yea rs be 11·as rnllt>ci hy the Yoire of the peopl e fr om th e house with the p ill a rs in C lnren clo n-st reet to the hou se 1rith the pil lars in SpringstrPet. The re he h as b€>1pe rl to pas;; the ln11·s 1rhir h are to make Aust rnli n. as "th snow of Lt·han o n ., nm o ng th e n :-~tio n s. r\ft pr fifty yenrs Clare nd o n-st rfet C hurrl1 is hol d ing its o11·n. " Ancie nt fo un ts of inspiratio n.

W e ll through al l its fa ncies 1et. " Th c> old C hurc h stil1 stan ds fo ur Sfju:u e up o n t he hi ll.

It stil l 1rith g re y :-~ nd ki nrl h - e ye, the p:-~ssag p- of the ho urs on t lw Trm n H a ll r lork. It still gazes. upon the busy romm e rre of thestreet. I t sti ll notes t he r ive r of life ft01rin g to11·arcls th e he ar h, a nrl t01ra.rds d imme r nncl re mote r sh o res. Cou lrl it sp eak. met hinks it II'OUlrl say, " Wi sdom hath buil.ded he r house, she ha th he wn out he r pi ll a rs. She hath kill ed· he r beasts; sh e hath ming led h e r win e ; s he bnth a lso f urnish ed he r tnble. She bath sent forth lw r mini stPrs; she rr ieth upon the hi g hest p lart' o f the r ity, ,,- :-~trh e s,

" ' Come in ! Come in !

Etern al glory t ho u mnyst win.'''

The present ocr upant of the p ulpi t is t he R e v.· J- :\. Markay. hltt> of B enrligo and Ball arat. As a hi ghly cu lturerl ma n, :1 11 ea rn est work Pr a nd a finf> pren r hf'-r, lw i~ m ur h b:> lovPrl by a g ro 11·i ng ro ligrr'gat ion.

The Rev. Dr. Macdonald.

(May, 1854, t o Jan., 188!).)

Th e

Dorca s

The

S tre e t

Church ,

School

House ,

(Opened o n tb e 21st April, 18!;7. )

Bank

Street .

Tbe middle portion of the Building forms part of the original Church, opened May 21st, 1854.

路1 he l\ e1路 . JJr. Meiklejohn, (D ec. 18, 1888 .)

7()

Dorcas Street Presbyterian Church.

The Presbyterian cause at Emerald Hill and Sandridge began on J anu ary sth, I854' when the Free Church Presbytery of Melbourne set apart the Rev. Archibald Simson, afterwards of the Lei gh, to take the oversight of those districts.

The congregation met for some four months in a tent, and there are still a few survivors of those early days. Those were the days of the gold fever-wild excitement and unrest; and it was no easy task to found a permanent ca use when people we·re always on the move, when new arrivals poured into Melbourne by the hundred, only to rush to the diggings, and return if disappointed.

The cause under Mr. Simson must have prospered greatly, for within five months of his appointment a new brick building- now pa.r t of the Sunday school -was erected and opened for public worship by the late Rev. Dr. Adam Cairns, of Chalmers' Church, May 21st.

On May 3rd, 1859, it was resolved at a meeting of the congregation to take immediate steps to build a new church. The resolution set forth that " it was of the utmost necessity that steps should immediately be ta.ken for the purpose of building a new church. " It was further agreed to elect a building fund committee, of which M:r.

J ohn Finlay was chosen treasurer, and Mr. A. E. Aitken secre tary.

In order to more definitely bring this important proposal before the whole congregation, it was agreed to hold a tea meeting, at which the proposed canvas of the congregation for subscriptions would be intimated. Dr. Cairns and the Revs. John and J as. Ballantyne, Messrs. R. S. Anderson, J ohn Finlay, Wm . Ireland, and R. S. Mills w'e re to be the speakers at that important meeting. In order to successfully carry out the object in view, it was agreed to divide Emerald Hill into blocks, and the building committee undertook to collect subscriptions.

The new church in tim,e became too small, and \v'as enlarged to its present size, in 1867, at a cost of £567 4s. 6d. The opening services were conducted by the famous Dr. J. Oswald Dykes, of Cambridge. The Rev. D. Miac'donald was happy in the choice of such prominent men, who thus associated their names with the histo ry of the congregation- the Re v. Jas. Clow, Drs. Cairns, Campbell and Dykes.

Since then the main work of the ministe r, elders, Sunday school teachers, and other workers was not so much expansion as consolidation. The new church was large and com fortable. The improvements added since I 86 7 are the session house, vestry, organ · loft, and organ. The cost was £.2969 16s.

The Sunday and day sch'ool buildings were on a larger scale still, aqd .fl ourished grea.tly from that year till 1873-. In that year the da;y~.:~thqol building was leased by the Education Department, and so the old committee days (denominational) were ended, and the school staff Was taken over by the department. Both schools had reached a high state of efficiency, and c·o mpared favourably with the very best of similar institutions in the colony.

71

St.

Luke's

Chul"ch

St .

of England ,

Petel"'s

and

St .

Paul's

Catholic

Chul"ch ,

72

Wesleyan

Sunday

Schoolr-oorns.

Wesleyan

Chur-ch ,

Cecil

Str-eet ;

Wesley an Church, Cecil Street, S. Melbourne .

The .\l ethodists lirst h. 1<1 nH.Ttings in So uth :\lelbourne in ;\ Le nt, about 1853• and suiJsl·que11tl: neckd ;1 tempora ry wood e n building, and 11·hil e th e present chu1cb 11as b e ing L' tTL'tcd (comp leted in 1865) se n ·ices we re sometimL.; llll<l in the old M ec hanics· Jn stitutt'. TheY celeb rated its jubilte in 1903. One or the fir st to take cha rg e of th~· flock 1ras th e ReY. \\ '. S . Worth. Th e l~e\'. Dr. Watkin 1ras fur somt· years its pas to r. The present minister is the R ev . J. P. 1\lcCann.

A Yiew o.f t h e ch.lll ch is g in"n 011 the opposite page; it is ca pable of aecommodating abuut 10oo pe opl e. Th e other 1·iew is of t lw Sunday school, which wa: fuu ntl l'<l b1 the late Mr. John Be-e, and which had a very large attLntl:.tnn·, un ti l t lw bran c hes at Albert l'ark a nd l\liddle Park ~~··er e started. Tlw gentleme n at present h o lding offi ce are : .\1:iniste r, R eY. J. l' . l\l1·Ca nn ; t ru st{·es., M e ss rs. \\'. J. M ountain, Captain Thompso n, L l\[ursto\1". lZ. J. :\lu stow, C. Hammond , W. Slrindley, S. Tru e man, J. K <· 11ne d y, lZ . Carey, K H a rco ur t, 'l'. Southam, and D. Cook; treasurer, J. K e nn ed 1· ; secretan, Da1·id C'onk; leaders, .\1essrs. K e n t, Mustow. Harcou rt. a n d .\I esdan;es Earl, :\llard ice and Sister Agnes.

Salvation Army.

Twe nty- five years ago t lw Sah·ati(l n :\rm1 started in South Mel bourne, to resc ue the fa lle n, lllHl e r gn·al t ria ls anrl oppositio n, unde r Captain Sheph erd, J\laj or llark{· r b e ing in cha rgL·. Th e co rps at present numb ers about 200 (!'o nsiderab ly less tb ;m a fe'\\' years a.gu, be fore the o ffi ces we·t e 11111\'t'd to the c ity of 1\IL:lbourne) . Th e barracks is situa ted in t''o,·:: ttlry-slrl'el, and Ensign l-J iaywoocl is in charge.

Chinese Joss ·House.

This f antastic- luu king IJUilding, far ing lZaglan-st rel:l, 1ras e rec ted about 45 ~·ea rs ago, wh en t lw Chint·se r-esidents in Vi cto ria numbere d about 4o,ooo. ( Present munb ers, about 6ooo.)

7•1

So uth Melbourne Congregational Church.

The Congtegational Church of South Melbourne (formerly Ern.erald Hill ) was originally formed by abo ut twelve Christian people meeting in one of their homes in Emerald-street, on May 29th, '1859 · Theoo m eetings, being continued, resulted in the comm.:ncemeut of the tegular Church se rvices being held in the Great Iron Store, in Cecil-street, on July roth, 1859, under the pastora.te of t he Rev. J .

E. Vetch. The Church se rvic~ were after11·ards he ld in the hall of the old Mechan ics' Institute, in Cec il-street, under the pastorate of Lhe Re v. C. S. Y. Price, until the first chur h. (wooden structure) was built on the pre sent sit-e in Ho11 e-c re cent, abo ut the end of r865. The congregation lu1·ing in creased, a ne w brick building was added to the former in the beg inning of r868.

The lZe v. C. S. Y. Price, havi ng resigned the pastorate of the Clw rc h, on account of i 11-hea lth, the lZe1·. E. Gree nwood accepted the ca ll to tile pastorate in the beginning of r869 . .~fte r putting a ga lle ry in the ne11· cl1urch, it 11·as again found nece sary to inc rease the accommodatio n, and it 1ras t hen dec ided to build the present church, whi c h was erected about the end of 1874, and 11·as opened in ~l arch, 187 j, 11ith itting accommodation for 6so pe rsons .

The Church property no11· comprises t he church, a large Sunday schoo l, and also an infant sehou l, which has bee n built since.

Th e Church at t he prese nt time is without a settled pastor, but a ca ll to the pa.s torate has bee n gi 1·e n to, and accepted by, the Rev. -~· P. Do ran, who is e xpected to take charge in July ne xt.

The organisations in connecti on with the Ch urch are: The choir, the Sunday school, t he Senior Society of Christian Endeavom, the Junior Society of Chr-istian Endeavo ur, the Young ::vi en 's Mutual Improvement Society, the Girls' Guild, and the Boys Club.

The re is also in com1ection 11·ith the Church a mission hall in R aglan-street, in which regular se rvices are held on Sunday evenings at 7·Jo, and a Sunday school at 3 o'clock in the afternoon .

Co ngreg a ti onal

Church ,

Howe

Crescent,

路!

Baptist

Church ,

Dorcas

Street.

Some Information about the S.M. Baptist Church.

The J:lapti:;t Church 1ras formed by t he late Mr. Wm . .Fergu son and a fell' ad he re nts of the de nom inat ion about the ye ar 1856. A meeting house was buil t by the late Mr. Wm . Bilsborrow, in Yorkstreet, wh.ere se rvices were he ld for many years, when it was sold, a nd the pre sent building e rected in Dorcas-street, under the pastorate of the Re v. Wm. Poole, now of Qu ee n land. The land and building <'u,; t 拢4ooo. :Mr. J. B. You!, of Clarendon-street, was treasurer.

The Church has passed th rough many trials and vicissitudes, joys and blessings. Since Mr. P oole was pastor it has had the services of five mini sters- the Re vs. Bu ckingham, L ambert, Blackie, Malyon, and th e present pastor, the Rev. J. Farquharson J ones. The tru stees Cjf the Church property are Mr. John Sha.w, Mr. T'. H. Drakin, and Mr. J. B. You!. The associations conne cte d with the Church are the Sunday school and Boys' Nava l Briga de, Senior and Jun ior En t1t-a vour Societies, Young Men's Mutual Improvement Guild, and th e choir, under the conductors hip of Mr. David You! and Mr. J ohn Edmonds, organist. Secretary of the Church, Mr. H erbert.

...

Convent

of

the

Good

Shepherd .

Beaconsfield

Parade.

77

COLLEGE~

See page 148

PRIZE WINNERS- HONOUR CLASSES. Mr. O'HARA'S STH. MELBOURNE COLLEGE.

See page 148.

PRlZE WINNERS- MATRICULATION CLASS. Mr. O'HARA'S STH. MELB.

78

Markets

Markets

from

from

Cecil

Street.

Coventry

Street.

Savings

Bank ,

Clarendon

Street .

0

Hon .

T.

H.

Payne , M.L.C .

81

Mr. T. H . Payne, M.L.C. The Melbourne South Province electorate of the Victorian Legislative Council includes South Melb ourne, therefore it will not be uninteresting to give a brief sketch of the gentleman who was elected a member by the greatest majori ty on the last two occasions that voters were as ked to make their selection. Thomas H enry P ayne is the second son of th e late Thomas Budds Payne, remembered as amongst th e most desirable of Melbournes' old identities, and was horn in South Yarra in r86z. H e st ill resid es in that vicinity, in hi s p icture sque mansion, " L eura," in T oorak-roa<), Toorak .

T he well-known fondness of the owner for bota ny in its highest form :is ple asa ntly noticeable in the magnificent ga rdens and gro unds, surrounding the beau tiful res idence. F o r hi s earl y education, Mr. Payne was t•ntru ste d to the authorities of the GE>elong Grammar School. and fin ished his scholastic train ing at Melbourne Tr ini ty College. Afterwards went to Great Britain, and made a to ur that added materi all v to the fund of coll ege ed ucat ion. The cha racteri stic superiority the Au strali an in outdoor sp orts was e xemplifi ed hy the- subjec t of our sketch enj oying the d istinction of being selectee! to make one of the famous Geelong Gramm ar School fo ur in the ann.u<J l boa t race.

Tt ·was in r gor that the p resent L egislative Council lor took his seat in the H ouse, it having been previously occupier! by the late Sir Fn;deiick Sa rgood, until th at gentleman va catecl it for the F ederal Pa rli ament, and though electe d aga inst hi s opponent, Mr. Thos.

Luxton,- by so mething over a thousand votes, it is signifi cant of hi s populari ty in the fact that no sp ecial, or even th e ordinary, e fforts were ."pu t forth by him or his supporters to catch votes. On the expirati on of his first term, opponents for the suffrages of the electors came forward in Mr. Geo. Godfrey, the H on. N athl. L evy a nd Mr. T hos. Luxton. Mr. P ayne again headed the p oll. Tn the H ouse he is exceedingly well liked, and th ough ro mparative ly a man of few wo rds, he carries, considerabl e weight. The recluction of the membershi p of Sta te P arlia ment has in Mr. P ayne an ardent, stro ng and uns werving supporter. As already indicated, Mr. P ayne, b esides b eing p assi onately fond of h is rare flo wers, is also addi cte d to the more exhilarating p astim e of hunting. H e is president of the Melbourne P olo Club, and associated mn re or lPss with other athletic and sporti ng institutions, hu t it mu st not be imagined th at he is negli gent of the obligations b elonging to men in h igh positions to rlevote some though t to th e sadder sid e of life. Amon gst the man v insti tuti on remembered constantl y by him may just he mentio ned h ere Dn e of the mos t hum an e, ancl of which hE' was for a time presiden t.

We refer to the Consumptive San ato rium . Tn the com mercia l world Mr. P ayne is perha.p.s best kn own as one of the local directors of th at most important of Insurance Societies, the A.M.P. (Australian Mutual P roviden.t). F or so young a man, it is indeed a distinction to b e P.ntrusted with . an executive vote, in wh at mav b e justlv tP.rmed one 1)f the most impo-rta nt insti tutions in the world .

of

HIS WORSHIP the MAYOR. J BARAGWANA TH.

His Worship the Mayol', John Baragwanath, was born in Bendigo in 1856, and started to earn his own living at thirteen years of age, so that practically he is a self-made man, of ~trong character and much ability. He took an interest in politics at an early age, and an active part in municipal matters sinc.:e 1891. In 1888 he made an unsuccessful attempt, but in 1891 was elected unopposed for Beaconsfield Ward, and in 1893 was elected )fayor, and held the office for two years. He was again elected M:ayqr in 1903, and has held the office through 1904 and 1905 also. He is a Commissioner on the Melbourne and Metropolitan 1 oarJ of Works. H e was instrumental in securing the Library and Mechanics' Institute for the free use of the people, and its popularity is shown from the fact that 2000 people are on the lending list for books. Th e recent Jubilee celebrations have taken

THE MAYORESS, MRS.

J. BARAGWANATH.

place during his mayoralty, and fittingly mark his occupancy of the highest office in the city. He is pr·esident of the South Melbourne Cricket Club, playing t he game himself, and is a patron of all manly sport.

Mrs. Baragwanath was born in Melbourne; her father was senior partner of Reynolds and English, the pioneers of the carrying trade• which subsequently became the far-famed Cobb and Co., of AustraliaShe is president of the Ladies' :::lwimming Club, of South Melbourne• is of a very sociable disposition, a genial hostess, and has rendered her husband splendid assistance at all public fun ctions, and especially during the recent Jubilee celebrations, and she is of a most charitable disposition, and is president of the Ladies' Benevolent Society.

83

Mrs.

T .

--

Craine ,

Ex - Mayoress .

84

Councillor

T.

Craine ,

Ex-Mayor.

Councillor Thos. Craine, Ex=Mayor. 'l'ht.: subj ect of the accompanying portrait was last Mayor of the l'ity, and immediate predecessor of the present holder of that importaut office. Council lor Craine is a native of Vi ctoria, having been born at Carlton in r863, and has so well appreciated his opportuni ties that he has carried on the business es tablished by his fath er in 185-1- to a most su ccessful position, one of the most important in th e l'ity. Councillor Craine's fathe r landed in the forti es, and started uu siness as a coachbui lde r and timbe r bender, being, indeed, the pi onee r at this bu siness, his premise s standing where K err's timb er yanl now is in Latrobe-street. The great expansion of this business compe lled the erection of more extensive works, and an extensive block of land was purchased from the Gove rnment in South Melbourne, where the factory now .stands. At an early date in his career the present proprie tor took an active part in his father 's business, who has now been dead upwards of 20 years. Mr. Craine became a councillor in r898, as representative of Fawkner Ward, and was l'iecteJ I\Iayor in the years r9o2 and 1903. During this year the speedway, shown in two of our illustrations, was open ed in Albert l' ark, and is proving a boon to the inhabitants. Councillor Craine was president for many years of the Football Club, and is sti ll vicepresident, and \\'a.s al o of the Bowling Club. H e is a vi c e-pr<~ si 足 uent of the South Melbourne Cricket Club ; of th e Cycling C lub he a Iso held the position of president, and is now a vi ce-president, and is also vice-pre sident of the Albert Park Rowing Club. Thus he has k nt his aid to all kinds of man ly sport, including the Trotting Club, o [ which he is treasurer and vice-president.

H e is one of the Council of the Chambe r of Manufactu res, and also of the Empl oyers' Union .

During his Mayoralty, he distributed funds amongst the deserving poor, of whom there were then, owing to comm ercial de p ression, a large number of dese rving cases. Mrs. Craine held a number or monthly rece ptions at the Town H all during her l:iusband's Mayoralty.

H e is a deserve dly popular man, kindly natured,pnd genja], and his C'lections have been popular, and well-earned recognitions of hi.; enterprise.

86

Mr.

F".

G.

Miles,

Town

Clerk .

87

Mr. F. G. Miles.

Mr. Frederick George Miles, the Town Clerk of South Melbourne, has had a lengthened experience of colonial life. When but a child he arrived in Melbourne from England, almost coincident with the incorporation of the town, and for some time was resident in the country be tween Kilmore and Lancefield, where his fa.ther had purchased a station. H ere he saw much. of the habits of the natives, and the many incidents of settle ment in a new co un try. His education was first by private tuition, and afterwards at a public school in ifelbourne. In 185o, he was articled to Mr. George \Vharton, the leading architect of his day, and in 186r entered the civil service.

During this time he was for six ye ars the chi ef draftsman in the Survey D epartment at Ballarat. In 187o he was appointed Town Clerk at Brunswick, the borough of which some yea rs previously he had been elected a ccxmci ll or. After a servi ce of ten years there, during which time he aJso held the position of Clerk of Petty Sessions, he wa.s se lected out of 8o applicants for the post he now holds, and whe re, for nearly 26 years, he has been prominent in all matters pe rtaining to municipal interests. In 1901 he was appointed Town Cle rk of Perth, W.A., a position, however, he declined to accept. From his long connection with Melbourne and with municipal a ffairs he is regarded as an authority, and is frequ entl y consulte d on matte rs of municipal law and procedure. Mr. Miles has succeeded in obtaining the g,oodwill and appreciation of those with whom he has been associated, as :shown by the testimonial.s he has received for his varied services, and by the consideration shown him by his Cou ncil in granting him six months' leave of absence to visit England, from whence he returned with a fund of information on municipa.l and pub lic subjects., which has proved of grea t value to l}im in his duties ~in ce. W are much indeuted to Mr. Miles for his courteous ass istance whene,·er required in the compilation of this work.

South Melbourne Lite'rary S&ciety.

Musica l and Elocuti onary Competition a.re quite an interesting development of recent yea rs. Speaking from m.emo•ry, we think th ey 11·ere first introduced at Ballarat, while South Melbourne was e ither the first or the second metropolitan district in which th ey were held.

The credit of introducing them to this suburb is due to the lite rary and debating societies connected with the vario us Prote stant Churches.

E:1ch of thE·se societi es annually elect three delega te s which, with a President and Vice-President, constitutes the above-named Council, unde r whose direction the Compe titions are carried out. One of the objects of the Literary Society's Council is to foster and encourage literature and art in all their branches throughout , the district, and there can be little doubt that they have done some excellent work in this direction. The Secretary in his annual report referred to last

88 year's Competitions as fo llows: - " 1L cau, 1 think, be fairly claimeu that tht: l904 session was the most successful yet held. ln the fHst place, the entry was a record, the number of competitors was in excess ut' ru1y previous year, while the cash Laken al Lhe door anu the net prof1t uoth show a consiueral>k improvement, Then, again, if we take the eridenn: o f the ~~ dj~1di ca tur, the standard of the Competitions bas also shuwu w me develupme lll. H the pui.Jl ic interest in the Cumpetitions increa:;.e, :1s a. nat ural result the takings at the Joor are i.Jetter, but if there is no noticeal>le improvement in the standard of the Competitions, then thL~ result is somewhat di~appointing. We fail Jn our object if we 路Ju nothing more than provide amusement and entertainment fur the publi c, Without in any way developing the Arts and the Literature we profess tu enco urage. lt Joes not, however, ueed the traineJ eye of an adjuJicator to see a uistinct improvement even in this, um highest object, for whik the improvemeut as between two consecutive years' Comp etitions may only i.Je est imated by the trained mind, the development from the inception of the Competitions must l>e not icea ble eren to the t: y e of th e most unobservant. Tl1l' increase iH publi c interest may also ue tak en as evide nce of this development.''

Mi:. S. lZuw has occupieJ the position of President ever si nce the inception uf the Competitions, and it would be a difficult matter to lind a more worthy occupant of the position.

Mr. .A. E. McMi ckan rendere J va.luable services as Hon . Secretary Juring the first five years, at the end of which he resi gned, owing to his {emoval from the district. H e was succeeded by Mr. R. l\1.

Cuthbertson, who still occupies the position.

The following are the office-bearers and members of the Council for the current year: --President, Mr. S. RO\v; Vice-President, Cr. \V. 0. Strangward; Treasurer, Mr. C. R. N ewbury; Hon. Secretary, Mr. R. M. Cuthbertson ; H on. Assi stant Sec retary, Mr. J ohn Lillie; Members of Council, Messrs. J. King, A. Moss, Claude Hiddlestone, R. Howie, J. Lillie, P . S. Cox, W. Plowman, R. B. Plowman G. William:s, W. H. Andrews, R. H. Cogan, T. Roberts, A. E. H.' Sargent, and 路w. Egar.

Liter-ar-y

and

Debating

Society ,

89

Pr"inces

Pr"lnces

Br"idg e ,

Bridge ,

fr"om

looking

South

toWar"ds

Melbour"ne

South

S i de .

MelbOU r"ne .

tO

0

South

Me l bourne

School

On this page we reproduce the photographs of th e prc);ent members of the local Board of Advice, to whom is delegate d by the Government the supervision of the several State schools in the district. There are at present enrolled upon the b ooks of the six schools some 5300 scholars, with a daily average attendance of 4200.

Periodical visits are paid by the Board, and school requirements uoted, and, where possible, effected, the department placing a certain sum annually at their disposal for each school for absolutely necessary repairs; and in matters relating to complaints, transfer of scholars, and truancy, certain powers are vested in the members.

Representations have been made to the Government regarding the ueed for extension of school premises where the increase d attendance demands it, but the mOiit that the Board have been able to secure llu been the hiring by the department of near-at-hand church buildings, to tl垄mporarily relieve the difficulty, though the utter unsuitability of such buildings is well known to members.

Between the teaching staff and Board the relationship existing is most corilial, ad the annual schools' excursion is a much-looked-for event among

Bo a rd

of

Advice .

the children and pa rents, the picnic, which this ye ar was held at Heidelberg, being patronised by over 2300路 adults and scholars.

At the Montague school a very successful cookery class is d aily condu cted by M~ss Ada Wilkins, each school in the district sending their senior girls to be instructed in this most useful art and accomplishment. Sloyd clas.ses for the boys are also held daily, in another large hall , fitted \Yith all necessary tools and appliances, and the success of b oth these 路 centres ha.s surpassed all expectations.

The elections of members upon the Board are held every three years, and, through the advocacy of the South Melbourne Board, will this year be held on the same date as the municipal elections, it being considered that at that time more interest is likely to be aroused Altogether, despite the restricted powers allowed by the depa.rtment, the Boa rd of Advice is an active working committee, performing VRluable service, without fee or reward, and certainly deserve the best thanks of the community, in whose interests their duties are performed, supervising the education of our young folks being one of the most important du ties pertaining to a. citizen.

Sennitt ' s

Cold

Storage

&

Ice

Works ,

Yarra

Bank .

93

In

the

Cool

Machinery

Storage

Room .

Chamber.

J .

J.

P.

P .

Sennitt

Sennitt

&

&

S on .

Son .

!l4-

â&#x20AC;˘i

Interior

Wrn.

Train

VIew

of

&

Wrn,

Co.'s

Marble ,

Train

&

Co .' s

Slate

&

Marble ,

Stone

Slate

Works.

&

Stone

Works .

View

of

Mintar-o

Slate

Quar-r-y .

.路-

VIew

of

Mlntar-o

Slate

Yar-d .

!.J ()

Th e

Jubil ee

Foun t a in - Successful and

The

Monum e n tal

Work s

Executed

of

G .

by

Dawe ,

Co mpetition - Designed G .

Da we .

Lygo n

&

Pr i nces

Sts ., Carlton.

97

F'ront

View

A

of Offices Co., corner

Sa~ple

of

the

and Wcrks of the Austral Otis Engineering of Kavanagh and Hanna Streets.

Austral

Otis

Engineering

Co.'s

Wo rk,

The largest Spur Wheel (Double Helical Tooth) ever manufactured in Australia,]

j

,,

Reeve & Marshall, 35 Haigh St.

Interior View.

H. Carpenter's Machinery Yards , Whitman St.

W. Stephens' Offices, Excelsior Foundry .

One of the Moulding Floors, Excelsior Foundry .

99

Nixon

J.

J.

&

Son&'

Snr3esby's

Iron

Works,

Engineering

Interior

Works,

View,

Interior

Norrnanby

VIew,

35

Rd.

Clarke

St.

..

View

of

porti on

of

Sturt

Machinery Street,

Showrooms

South

of

Melbourne,

Lang will opposite

Bros .

&

Davies

Water

Chute ,

Propty.

Ltd.

101

View

of Kitchen of New Savoy Cafe, Little up by Dondr.!ly & Testro, of City Rd. ,

Collins St. , lately 路 'fitted South Melbourne .

UCKET S TUBS DUST BIN S SOIL PAN S

SHEET

,T'..,...,.~ J.

~-

PreMises

and

Staff of T .

J.

Connelly

&

Son ,

City

Rd . , Sout h Melb,

John

John

Danks

Danks

Son

&

&

Propty .

Son

Ltd.

Propty .

Ltd .

Melbourne

Sydney

Offices

Offices

&

&

Works .

Works ,

View

of

F' .

Cotter-ell & Co. ' s Glass Bevelling & Mir-r-or- Manufactor-y , 306 - 10 Taken during~the m arch:;past of 2nd Contingent of Vi ctorian 路M ounte d Rifles leav ing for South Afri ca, 1900 .

City

Rd.

104

View

of Offices

and

Main

Buildings

Cast l e rn a i ne Brewery Stores .

of the

Castlernaine

Brewery,

Castlernaine Brewery Malt House.

105

Victoria

Varnish

Victor i a

Co. ' s

Varnish

Offices,

Co .' s

Vernlah

Stores

Yards

&

Factory,

&

Yards ,

F'actory ,

Sturt

St,

Queen ' s

Queen ' s

Bridge.

Bridge .

......

0 0'>

Stained

Glass

Works

&

Mantelpiece

Factory

of

Brooks ,

Robinson

&

Co.

Ltd . ,

City

Rd .

107

View

Interior

of W.

of

H,

W.

H.

Brewer's

Brewer's

Works

Asbestos

& _ Yard,

Silex

Paint

Maffra

Works,

St .

Maffra

St.

McKellc.m's Patent Carpet Cleaning Machine,

Th e

Grosvenor Paint Co . 's Works , Sturt St. >--'

City Rd., South ~- eJ?ourne.

0 00

. '.

G. Harne5s' Premises , Ci t y

Rd .

F. Es mond's Bi cycl e

Shop , C:ity Rd ., op. Danks .

109

View

--

V ~ ew

of

of

Forbes

Stores

&

&

Co.'s

Offices

of

Asphalte

Evans

Factory .

Bros .,

City

Rd ,

llO

Petersen

&

Petersen

L.c.rsen ' s

&

Larsen ' s

Premises ,

Bo x

Normanby Rd .

Factory ,

Normanby

Timber Yards &

Rd'.

Engine

Stores.

House .i!

111

Petersen :_ &

In

Larsen's

Petersen

&

Offices

Larsen's

&

Box

Box

Factory ,

Factory,

'l

Normanby

Normanby

Rd .

Rd.

112

·: ;.

J r:~ ·

··~ -· ~-

... -

·· ~

View of Offices &

Works of the Australian Distillery Co .· from Mille.r St .

If)

:1.

c

If)

Q)

LLI

' 0

Q)

u.

J

Q)

ct

c If) Q) :.. >

-..

~ "C

l1l L.

10 0 (.) ....

0

If)

Q) L.

....0

(/)

oil Q)

0

iE 0

> Ill Ol

113

View of Messrs. W. Swindle)' &}~Co.'s Produce Stores, Moray "treet.

View of Lime Works of Mr. P. V. L. Alkemade of 59 Mills Street, Albert Park.

Mr. T. Craine's Carriage Works, so and 52 City Road.

Show Rooms, 322 =4 Elizabeth St., next Little Lonsdale St. , same side as G.P.O.

115

Mr. H. D. Hirst's Dental R.ooms, 268 Park Street.

Mr. H. D. Hirst's Dental Surgery, 268 Park Street.

M1路. P. J. King, Eng raver of Memorial Tablets on Jubilee Fountain.

Mr. P. J. King's Engraving Works, 273 Little Collins Street.

Mr. A. Cl issold 's P rem jses,

206

Park Street.

II i

c:

.c ....

~

·~

........"' . ....0 "' ~

<I)

~ ~ t"l

....

Q:'O

on~

c "' ·-I'd

~0 ~

.CQ)

uc.... c -o£!

:I ·- 0 <I)

<I)

;:::,"'~

>.£ .... :I 0

<I)

.5 Cll

-n_.

·u~I'd c.

I'd

u

r.:.-

<1)

'0

ou.

.cII

"'

I'd

0

<I)

....c:

:I 0

I'd I'd ~0

.c

......

0

~

~

.c ....

>

Cll

u

<I)

View of Retort House and Coke Yards, South Melbourne.

The City of Melbourne Gas and Coke Coy. ; . the Co1lingwood, Fitzroi and District Gas and Co~e Coy., and the South. Melbour.ne Gas CQy.

<I) <I)

4)

:I 0

11 8

Baker & Son's Pharmacy, Fe1路rars Street.

H. T. H. Grounds, Proprietor.

Jnterior View of Baker & Son's Pharmacy, Ferrars Street.

li. T. li. Grounds, Proprietor,

Tye & Co.'s Furniture Factory and Their Various Branches.

120

Path View in the Garden of Mr. Morgan' s Thistlewaite Street, Thomas Tow n Farm. ~~

Mr. F. J. E. Morgan ' s Thistlewaite Street Dairy- Carts Ready for the Rounds.

1~ 1

M1·. H. Morgan's Dairy Premises, 36 Palme•·s ton C•·escent.

Downie's Bread Factory, 375 Clarendon

Street.~

122

Mr. G. C. Macgibbon's Bicycle Shop, 239 Clarendon Street.

Messrs. Baragwanath & Ca1路ter's Land and JO Agency Offices, 21 Bank Street. ~j

....:Q)

Ill

>.

....... tFl

::

..:.:

Q)

......

::

~

1'1

co

ci

'0

~....:

""

.....Qj ... ~cii >.::

...>. ....u0 Ill u.

Q)

.&l 0

.,:.:"0 ...

0

!;;;

~

~.搂 >.u ...

II')

N 5

Q)

b.tJ

.~

......

Ill

u

Q)

::

f-

.<ll

::

Q)

<ll

路~

0

...

Q)

.&l

Q.

E

Ill

tFl

Q)

tFl

w

<

123

Mt路. W . Lewis' Bicyclt! Shop, Park Street.

The Hall of Commet路ce Drapery Wat路ehouse, Corner Clarendon and Dorcas Streets.

Messrs. Mitchell & McCabe's Tailoring and Outfitting Warehouse, 304 Clarendon St.

Mr. J. Moreton's Bicycle Show Rooms, 282 Park Street.

Cowen ' s liGtd, Nnmanby Road.

Tait's Middle Park Baths. ...... l~

>f>. 路

M r . W. Ge ll in~r's Yacht, "Ben McCree," Waiti ng for Boating- Party.

Mr. F. Watkin's Butchery Establishment, Moray Str eet.

Mr. F. Cashmore's Drapery and Outfitting Warehouse, 146 Bridport Street.

Do bell Brothers' Offices, &c., 359 Clarendon Street.

Mr. G. E. Nettle t on 's Bicycle Show Rooms , 78 Bridport Street.

126

Head Store and Offices of Messrs. Jas. Her路schell & Co., Park and Ferrars Streets .

....

Interior of Messrs. Herschell & Co.'s Premises, Park Street.

Corner of Washing Room, Albert Park Steam Laundry.

Corner of Starch Room , Albert Park Steam Laundry.

Corner of Ironing Room, Albert Park Steam Laundry.

Finishing and Packing Room, Albert Park Steam Laundry.

J. M. Honeybone & Son's Hat Factory, Neville Street, Middle Park.

Honeybone's Hall, Neville Street , Middle Park.

l

"D

.,c

< Ill

m ., 0 Ill

.,G) 0 0

.,C1l Ill

w w

1:-

(')

.,

QJ

C1l

:J

a.

0

:J (J)

J . G. Rooke, Grocer , Wine & Spirit Merchant , cr~

r+

St. Vincent St . & Nelson Rd. , Albert Park .

Interior View of J. G . Rool<e' s

Establishment .

Interior o 路f Purvis B r o s. ' Shop , 334 Clar e ndon St.

1.30

Anderson's Dairy Produce Store, 356 Clarendon St .

E. A. Field, Hairdresser & Tobacconist, 235 Clarendon St .

Paulin Bros.' Fruit Shop,

H. L. Jones' News Agency,

Clarendon St .

270 Clarendon St.

F. Mitchell , Tailor. 96 Bridport St.

J. & T. Edmonds ' Produce Stores, 131 Cecil St.

A . K i ng ' s

B c ot Shop , 267 Clarendon St.

G . H. Taylor ' s Groc e ry Stores, 221 Clarendon St .

T . H . Whitworth , Grocer , Victoria Avenue.

Whitworth & Co., Grocers , 386 Clarendon St .

Ha g u e & Sons , Plumb e r s, 174 Cecil St.

John Allison , Undertaker . 94 Victoria Avenue .

Youl & Co., Hosiers, 114 Clarendon St.

Bostock Bros., Butchers, 212 Clarendon St .

J> l""':"',,...._ __ J>

~

TJ

Ill

)(

J

Ill

c.

J

,CP

Ill

_oq

(/)

(I) Ill

Ul J

r

0

(j)

Ill

,

UJ

J

()

Ill

0

0

~ I(

J ()

c.

0

~

J

Ul

C/1 j ,.. 0 ~ 0

t

~

()

CP (I)

w 0

,

c

0

a.

3

(j)

J

Ill

(j)

1)

F. Skinner's Carriage Works, 93 Park St .

R. McMath ' s

Hosiery Works, 219 Clarendon St .

0

,

Q)

<D

J

a.

0 J

Cll

t+

W . R. Murray's Wood & Clarendon

Ston e Turnery , 125 St .

Lindsay & West ' s Newsagency , 317 Clarendon St.

United States Tailoring Depot , 315 Clarendon St.

I :Hi

The

Abattoir-s ,

Mutton

House.

- 路-- ---- - - - - - -----, !

i

!

The

Abattoir-s,

Cattle

Yar-ds.

The

Abattoir-s ,

Sheep

Pens .

137

Cr. VICTORIA Av. & MERTON St., MIDDLE PARK.

CLARENDON STREET.

ARMSTRONG STRtF.T, MIDDLE PARK. Watts

&

Halg,

Cr. BRIDPORT & MONTAGUE Sts., ALBERT PARK.

Auctioneer-s

&

Estate

Agents .

VV. E. WEll~ (ENT~ l.. 路 aot

Maples Furniture Warehouse , Clarendon St .

~ 路 SON 15

A..ucT ION

~OOMS

Clav-e7do?

Sl-teeJ.

W . E. Wells & Son , Auctioneers , 301 Clarendon St.

-

McCauley's

II

Furniture

Stores,

Dorcas

Street,

Tyson's

Furniture

Warehouse ,

Clarendon

Street.

141

Industrial Progress of South 1\'lelbourne.

The industrial progre ss of the city is intimately associated with its genera.! prosperity, inc;reased population, and architectural advancement. · Many of the leading firms are represented in these pages, ~tnd, unde r their individual nam es, will be found instructive articles un their undertakings, the progress of their trade, and consecjue:lt increase of their prencises. The boom period gave ~L sudden, rapid and not to-o he althy impetus to most of the great manufaetories, but the losses consequent upon the inflation of that epoch have been surl·ivt·d, and trade has adjusted itself on ~L healthy and satisfactory basis ; ;1nd , judging by a steady increase in orders and continued and assurcJ increastJ of pwsperity in the country, it is evident that a pe riod of greater prosperity awaits the manufacturing interests of South Melbourne. The timber trade is. substantially represented by the huge ya.r ds of J as . Moore, Wrigh t and Sons, R omcke, Jno. Sharp and Sons, and othe.1·s, but the ir e nterprise ha s not b-een equal to the expenditure of a fe w shil lings by 1rhich to pictorially repre se nt the jubilee period uf the city 's inte rests. Th e Ho~tdl eys ~1nd th e P aper M1lls are in like position, and the latte r enterprise ceTta inly needs a more forward policy to fill the needs of the greatly increased paper trade of Victoria and other States. It is little wonder that importe rs thrive, whilst suc h great industrit·s still a11·ait possible a nd profitable development.

There is a great opening in this city, also-, for well-managed woo.Jlen The brewing, inte re sts are represented by the C'a.s tlemaine mills.

Brewery (page 104), of which three illustrations are given. It is a firm which for nearly half a century has sustained a re putation for an excell ent product. The painting trade and its inte.rests are handsomely re presented by Messrs. Brooks, Robinson and Co·. (page 1o6), Victoria Varnish Co. (page 105), W. H. Bre wer's asbesto~'>, Sile x paints and bo~ler cove rings (page 107 ), and by the Grosvenor Paint Co. (page 1o8), all of whom furnish illustrations of their premises and businesses. The great business of J ohn Danks and Son is. repres ~o·nted on page 102.

Hlere almost eve rything which can be produced in brass, aluminium, steel, iron, copper or gun metal is put out in enormous quantities, for the firm may justly b e said to represent the trade of the e ntire Commomve alth and New Zealand, so great is its outp ut, and so extensive its connection through branch houses and age ncie s. In marble, sla.te and stone, Me ssrs. Wm. Train and Co. \Jl<~ge 94) a re to the f ore, and now that mantelpieces of marb le are in less demand, 1he firm has included the ma.k ing of wood mantels as a specialty. The Mintaro Slate Co. 's business (page 9S), fully described elsewhere, is by no mea ns of a negative importance,· for it is evident tha.t it is the centre of a great and growing inter-State trade, the qua lity of its ston:; being unsurpassed. Cold storage and ice making ~.re repr-esented by Me ssrs. · Se nnii:t and Son's m.a:st interesting pre" mises (pages 92 and 93), of which \l'e gi've e xte iior· and interim views.

Tt i.s not in the least improbable that this. important busine ss . ma: be come the centre of o-ther great undertakings, which may emanate from it Its summer trade is gigantic; the de ms.nd for ice and cool storage still taxing its largely increased capacity ve ry closely. But the Sennitts, fat her and son , are keeri business men, alive to the possibilities of the trade they repre sent in South Melbourne, and men of high commercial repute and integrity. The Austral Otis Engineering Co. (l'lage· 97) possesses enormous premises, built in the boom their pe riod. Iri s.notber column an inde p endent article appearst trade. The·y - secure year afte r year · the b€·st contra cts offering to public competition, arid have e arned a good re port. Messrs. Reeve and Marshall, · W. Stephen 's Excelsior Works (page · 98), and J. J.

on

112 Sneesby 's and Nixon and Son~ (page 99), and J:.angll·ill Bros. and

Uau:·~ \page roo), further \\'ell represent the u on t oumlry tratle of th~.;

city. 'l"hey are firms of reputation and stability, and e njoy a large public support. Carpenter's well-known machinery yards (page 98) ;1ssort 1rell with those 1re haYe just mentioned. Messrs. Don Jey and l'·l:3tro (page ror) haYe enabled us to spe cially allude to the ir trade in later pages, and Messrs. T. J. Connelly and Son (page ror) have an e xttnsive factory, as sheet iron worke rs, galvanisers and manubclt~ re rs of a:t classes of goods produced from these. Glass bevelllng is 11 eil represe nted by Me: rs. F. Cotterell and Co., of the City-wad (page ro3). Mirror making is an important specialty of this business.

Carpe~ cleaning is shown in operati on. in McKe llam·s premises (page ro8), a nd signwriting and papt·r poster designing (page ro8) , is perfected by Mr. G. Harness. Asphalte making is carried on by F orbes ,, ncl C,..:o. (page ro9 ), who have: trade relati ons a II over the State.

Lvans Bros. (page ro9) deal large ly in slatt:s, fire bricks, and cements, a nd th eir premjses are in City-ruad . Messrs. Peterse n and Larsen carry on one orf the most important industri es in box and case making np ~· rati ons, stores and offices being e xcellently represente d on p;ages r rc• and r r r. The Australian Distille ry Co., as at page II 2, i.s c~nry­ ing on a first-class trade only in their special occupation, referre d to n: ort e xte nsively elsewhere. Mr. Cald1re ll has stablished an import;i nt b us iness in ink making in Victoria-ave nue (page ro7), and e njoys a h r J sbre of public patronage. :\Jr. P. V. L. Alkemacle is 11·ell kn o11·n as proprieto·r of the Coimadai Hydraulic-grou nd Lime and Ce,m .nt v\orks (page r 13), and is an active and progre ssive resident of Sou th Melbourne. Me ssrs. W. S1rindlel" and Co. earn· on an important produce business, represented at page IIJ , and described a.s progre ssive and prosperous. T. Craine's carriage factory, shown at page IJ4, i.s one of the oJdest in the State, and its enterprising proprietor was the last Mayor of the city; in that capacity his portrait is a.lso shown at page 84. In dentistry, Mr. H. D. Hirst has splendid rooms, and an unenviable re putation for his ability and e xcelle nt work, which we illustrate at page us, and describe more fully hereafte r. Mr. P. J. Kin g, a resident of the city, carries on. an important engraving business at 27 3 Little Collins-street, and illustrated at page I r6. Mr. A. Cli.ssold's pre mi ses 3.re shown at page Ir6, a ncl , a.s a builder and hous e de co rator, he d o~·s a very large busines s. The Me tropolitan Gas Co. i:s dealt with in a specia l article hereafter, and its great premi ses illustrate d at page I 17. Mr. H. T. GroL•.nds' (Bake r and Sons) pharmacy is a lso s eparate ly dealt with and illustrated on page Ir8. Mir. Morgan's dairy premises are shown a.t rage 120, <tnd interesti ng,lY described in a special article later on.

Mr. H. Morgan a lso carries on a dairy busine ss at 36 Palmerstonere scent. Mr. J. A. D ownie , whose business is known as Downie's bread factory, is illustrated at page r 2 r. H e does a very large and profitable trade. In bi cycle trade and accessories, Messrs. F. E.smond'fl (at page I 1o&), G. C. Macgibbon's (at page 122), W. L ewis and J. More ton's (at page 123), and A. Flannagan 's ( at page q\). ha.ve b een thriving businesses. W'o od turning a.nd carv' ng is exemplified by Mr. W . R. Murray, at page s 122 and I.\4· Mr. S.ilb e r·~·'s e n carries on coach and buggy building at 176 B?nk-street. rep·r-cs.~ nted on page 122. The Hall of Commerce drapery ll'a.re house is sho11·n a.t page 123. Cowen's Hote l. Normanbv-road . is on ~ of the olde st and best known businesses in the city. In thing-s p ertain:ng to saltwater there a.re two illustrations of inte.rest. one showing- Mr. W .

Ge lling's yachu lying off the pier, 3 nd the other M.r. Tait's Middl e Park Baths (soo page 124). · In butche ring business, Mr. F. Watkins ma.kes a most important show at page 124. Mr. Cashmore's drapery and outfitting warehouse is shown at page 12 5 ; and in dairying mat-

rs Dobell Bros. do an excellent trade at 359 Clarendo n-street (page 12 5). A peep in the co nfecti onery works at 3 7.4 Cla rendon-street is al so shown on the sa me page. In groceries, Me ssrs. H erschel! and C'o. sho11· an exte ri or and inte ri or vi ew of their pn:m ises, (page: Iz6), elsewhertJ mo rt: fully desc ribed. The Alb ert Park L aun dry of Mr. Grey is well ill ust rated on p age 127, and full y describe:d here after. i\Jessrs. H one) l.one and Son's grea t ha t fa ctory is shown at page 128, and all uded to in a spt'cial article. :\l r. J. Anderson's b usine ss premi ses at e illu~trattel at page I3 o, as are: al.so Messrs. P aulin Bros. and i\l r. J ont s·s well-kn01rn news agency and stati one ry wareho us~ , a nd \lr. E. A. l' i:: ld·s, to bacco nist and haird resser. Mr. F . Mitche ll 's ta ilor's shop is shown at page I 3I, so· a.lso is Mr. Edmond's produ ct: !'l r.!'l' . a nrl G. H . T ayl or's g:roce ry and wine and spirit stores and Mr. K ing's boot shop are a:>: o h·t·re dep ic ted. Mr. T . H. Whitwo rth 's grocery e·stab lishment, Messrs. Whi tworth 'and Co.'s interi or view of Mr. a si milar busi ness wi ll bt· fo un d in ill ustrations on page I 32.

H ag ue, plumb . r, wh o•se bus: nt:ss is of a fir st-ch ss charac te r, shows hi s pn::·mi ses a t pas.· 132 ; :\Jr. Jo hn Allison, underta ker, on the sa me fo!io. 1L L.;.;rs. \' o tl and Co. desc ribe th eir business h ereafter, and ,; how th,· p emi;;,·s on page 133· Bostoc k Bros.' butcheri ng e-stablis:1:1:e nt is sh01m on pag-c- 133, and is a very up•to"date concern.

In ln:: ns, \lis. Alexander prm ides for urgent 11.,111ts in the premis':!s ;d1 o1m on page 133. Mr. Ballantyne, cu tle r, ca rries on a large cutle ry busine>s, but has just moY·ed into Inger pre mises, where he is preparMr. Skinner's coach - buildin g ing a.n interesti ng sho1n oom . work s, in P ark-street, are sho1m a.t page I34 ; and the U nited State s Tailori ng Co. , and Lindsay <'.nd West, news agents, illu strate the ir shops at page 135. The City Abattoirs are o.f special intere st, an d are shown in three ill ustrations at pa.ge I 36. Messrs . Purvis Bros.' groce ry store is well shown at p age 12:}, as also the a.ttractive grocery premises of Mr. J . G. R ooke, Nelson-road, and eYery one of these businesses incl'ica tes a hea.lthy sta te of trade and the genera l prosperity of the city of South Melbou rne .

L

HO S IE RY ~I ANU FACTORY. Mr. J. B. You! in trod uced and co mme nced the manufacture of ho ·ie ry goods amout 30 years ago; · now the ind ust n · h3S spre:ad ove r Austra lia am] New Zea lan d. ,·-- F o r sev-e ral 1·ea rs Mr. You] carried on th e bu siness 1ri thout pmtec tion, but co~:ld not get the wholesale H e the n inte rviewed the wa re hou semen to introduce the goo ds. late H on. P ete r L alor, then Min :ste·r of C•.·sto 11s. 11·ho in troduced him to Sir G raha m Be rry and the mt mbcrs of th e Gove rnme nt, at Parli ame nt H ouse, whe n thn agrc·ed to proter t th e in dustry to the extent of an ad valore m du ty of 20 pr cent. , whirh wa.s a ften va rds increased to 33 73 p:: r ce nt., and r;:. d ueed some years sub seque ntly to 25 pe r cent. G radua lly the whole sa le wa r-e houses introd uced the goods to the ir retai l cu tomer , and now it mav be recko ned as an established industry. P rior to th e in trod •Jc ti on ·of lora ! man'Jfa ctured hosiery, the price s charged fo r woolJ.en goo ds were ve ry hi gh, bu t now, since local-made goods have- com~ on the market, ·the prices have been o:re atly re duced. For insta nce, men's footba ll jerseys could not be bought under 7s. 6d. each ; now they can be purch ased for 3s. 6d. ; <' ncl stockings, which could not be sold under 2s . 6d . per p air, ca n now be bought for Is . per pai r, and th e sa me rates of prices obtain in oth'e r c1asses of hosiery. The Commonwealth Legislature, when the tariff was revised, reduced the duty to I 5 per cent., and put a duty of 5 per cent. on yarn s, thus bringing dow n the protection afforded under the Victorian of 25 per cent. to I o per cent., which has injure d the industry very materially.

144 MESSRS. TYE AND CO. The story of the rise and progress of the firm of Tye and Co. rea d~ almost like a romance. Sixteen years ago Tye and Co. ca rried on a moderately large manufacturing establishment in the city of .\i elbourn e, bu t land 1·a lues kept ra.pidly advancing, the business kept growi ng, an d a.bo ut that time it became necessary to have more room .

On looking around for a su itab le phtce to locate, it was decided that South Melbourne possessed the necessa ry advantages for a large manufac turing estab lishment- viz., central ly located, being about the ctntre of the many suburbs of greater Melbounw, co nvenient to wh arfs, anu railroad, all ve ry rwcessH ry fo r a mJ nufa ctory making for the trade-a nd at that time Tye a nd Co. ma nufactu red exclusi 1··d y for the trade, and it was nec tssHy that the fa ctory should be C·e nt rally lncntecl. A ~ ite 1ras ,;ecured fronting Sturt ·st reet, :md lnnd 66 ft. x 300 ft. 1ras sec ured fronting to Sturt-stred , and ~c·xt ending, ba ck to Moore-street. Th e first building was e rected facing Sturt-stred. Thus it beca me necessary to e rect mo re buildings, and th e s ~c ond budding 1ras recte d facing Moore-street, pract icaJly, th en, th factory con reel t he whole· of the lan d. Adjoining was a 1·aca nt piece> of land 66 ft. x 300 ft . ; this 11·a.s .secured, making a frontage of 120 ft. to• both Sturt and Moore-streds, b1· a depth of 300 ft. on th~ second piece of land. More buildings we re erected, making the tota l fa cto ry one of t he largest in Aus tralia, evt·rything in the furniture line be ing manufactured by the fi rm ; rhu s residen ts of South Melbourne, 11·hos,· busin ess took them in the loca lity of the hugh concern, marvelled at the rapid growth of the business. About nine years ago, it was dec ide d that, in addition to manufacturing exclusively for the trade, the company wou ld supply the p ublic direct. Pre mises were secured in Bourh~-street, opposite the Eastern Market, giving a. frontage to Bourke-street of about 130 ft., embracing the fo ll owing, numbers-So to 10·8 --making one of the la.rgest retail house-furnishing esta blishments in Melbourne. It was found that the public appreciated buying direct, and the business grew rapidly, and, to better cater for the trade, as so manv of the residents lived in the suburbs, it was decided to open esta bli~hments in the larger suburbs, whe re p e·ople could buy goods of all classes direct from. th e firm. The second store 11·as established in Prahra n, the address being 320-22-24-26, Chapelstreet. The third was Brunswi ck, the address b;:- in!l; 413 and 41S Sydn ey-road. The fourth South M·e lbourne, the address being 226 , zz8, 230 and 232, Clarendon-street, South NJelboum e·. The fifth was Ri chmond, the add ress being 83, 85, 87 and 89 Swan-street.

Tl1e si xt!1 and last of the retail stores is located in FitzroY, the ad · dress being 237 and 239 Smith-street. The firm ar~· thoroughh· up to datt', 2nd, in addition tol being co mpl ete hou se furnishers, stock all kinds of Ye hicles, harness, bicrcles, etc., a nd th e <:: nterprise of the frrm has assisted South Melbourne to nttain th e prem ier posinon as a manufa cturing centre.

MESSRS. LANG WILL BROS. AND DAVIES PROP. LTD. There i.s .sma.ll need to introduce (to the farmer) the firm of ~VI ess rs.

Langwill Bros. and Davies Prop. Ltd., who carry on· the ·busine ss of machinery merchants at uo Sturt-street, South Melbourne (opposite the Water Chute). This firm 's present wo·rks are 1rithin thre e or ·fo ·n minutes' ,;,alk of Prince's Bridge, where their sho·.noorris, as depicted in illu~tration ori page roo , ~.re O'Jeli {o inspection to 8!1 i'ntereste-:l in · . . modern labour and money .saving machinery. .

Am ong the man y agen cies of this firm are the Fode n steani 11·aggon ann compo.unrl tract ion e ngines- two dr.a ught machines. whirh are de stined he re, as elsewhere, to largely supplant h orse trac tiot1 In th r

transport of he a.vy loads. The Faden steam 1raggon is purposed mainl y for use within muni cipal areas, as good roads are n eces~arY to its usefulness. Where these t>·xist this waggon can. ca ny a load o'f seven tons-four tons on itself and three on a trai ler- at an average speed of six miles an hour, travelling twenty hours at this rate before a re fi II of its boile'rs is required . Municipaliti es and firm s whose business requires the carrying to a nd, . fro of heavy loads will find, iu I a stud y of the" F oden steam waggon ample proof that both economy and better efficiency ple ad its ca.use . .

The Poclen compound tract ion engine is a mac hine o.f profitab.J~ in terest to the farmer, sine it solves for him the problem how best to tra n!>port heavy loads over rough country. Th ere is nothing the ordinary portable engine does, but the " Foden compound " does it better and cheaper, whilst a Fode n can be used in many ways. that no porta ble even claims to emula te. Its advantages. over other tracti on engin es are so many and ma.rked, that one cannot, in. the sho-rt space all otted he re , even enumerate them all- lark of vibration, through both axles having steel spring.s ; economy of fuel, sin ce very Jj ttle heat. is requ ired to keep up steam, and do uble high-pressure gear are onl y a fe"' of its good points•. Me·ssrs. Lang"·ill Bros. and Davies will b e happy to refer anyo ne in tei"e:sted clirect to users of Fode n compounds in this Sta,te; from them will be' learnt fir st-hand that everything rl aimed for the Foden is merited by the engine itself. " The Eclipse" is also a traction engine of American manuf:1ct ure, for whi ch this firm a.re also a.gents.

The Doncaster spray pump is a device no fruit-grower can affo·rd to do without. It is Messrs. Langwill Bros. and D a.vies' own. inventio n, and has protected features in its fa.vour possessed by no other spray. Con str'ucte d of rust-proof gun metal , and mounted on a soga llon va t, it has., amongst othe r advantages, an air chamber, which ensures a constant stream of spray till a.ll the air is exhausted. A chil d ra n work it, and the vat stands firm , without r~q uirin g the use of one's hand to keep it steady. Then th e Williams' ]<erosene atta.c hment . .sold with it, does awa y with the trouble of hand mixing. You just fix yo ur kerosene 6n to the vat, i111sert a tub e .into the liquj d thro ugh the lid, adjust a valve to regulate the proper proportion of kerosene to mixture, and the Williams' patent will do all the mixing its.elf. In addition to this, th e " Dnvie.s'" agitator---:a patented feature of this spray pump-keeps the va.t liquid thoroughly stirred, so that all the vi rtue of the spray reac hes the leaves. Fruit-growers will be further interested in the Rider Ericson hot air pumping engine, since irrigation has now come to be recognised as vital to tQ.e welfare of the fruit growing industry. Thi s engine, on the smaJlest consumption of fuel, will pump at the rate of 3ooo gallons of wate r an hour. Ach1al demonstrations of its pumping power will be given to• a 11 who wish it at the St urt-s.treet 1mrks of Messrs. La ng~\~ II B.ros·.

8.nd Davies.

And this brings one to a matter this firm are particularly anxi ous to lay stress upon. Adjoining thei r sh owrooms t-hey ha.ve a large yard, e speciallv set apart for the purpose, where all their various agricultural m'ac hines c'an be seen in act ual working;. F armers on .a visit to the city are promise d a hea rty welcome he re, whether inten9ing purchasers or not. Skill ed mech anics are kept on the premises purposely to ans,,ter- all enquiries from agriculturists. and to instruct them in the mechanism and prope r handling of all these mac hines, for w·hich Miessrs. Langwill Bros. and Davies are agents. Th e range of ·implements stocked b)r' this firm cover the farm er's every requirement, and a visit of inspection ca nnot but re sult in profitable intere~t to all primary produce rs.

l4li

JOHN DANKS & SON l'ROPY. LTD.

•

J \

This firm is one of th~ oldest of South Melbourne concerns, and a record such as this would scarcely be complete without some reference to them. The late Mr. John Danks, with his two brothers-Samuel and Thomas- first started business in Patterson-pla ce, off Montague-street, in r859, where they traded as Danks Bros., brass founders, enginee·rs and wrought-iron· fitting makers and importer:;.

After some two years the younger brother retired, and the twu brothers, John and Samuel, continued in business. The business soon increased, and it was found ne cessary to take pre mises at 82 Bourke-street, and from thence, as trade increased, moves were made to 34 and 42 Bourke-street, at which place business was carried on until Mr. Danks purchased a block of four properties in Bourkestreet, and built the premises which the firm at present occupy. It was very early in the history of the business that the younger brother, Thomas Danks, decided to sever his. connection with the firm, and, after 14 years of partnership, the other brother, Samuel, decided to do likewise, re tiring with an ample competency.

The prem.i:ses in Bomke-street were soon found too restricted fur the- requirements of the business, and land was purchase d at Moraystreet, South Melbourne, where the present factory was built. Land was · also purchased a.t Bank-stree t, South Melbourne, for the purposes of an ironfoundry and bulk stores, and subsequently the land adjoining the Moray-street works was purchased, so that these works now cover an area of about two acres.

Business was soon started at Sydney, and the premises first taken in Liverpool-street proving too small, moves we re made to 363, and, finally, to 324 Pitt-street, where the present spa cious premises were erected. It was also deemed advisable to start a manufactory in that city, and land wa.s bought at Blackfriars, in the city of Sydney, being a whole block completely surrounded by streets. This has proved a very satisfactory venture, and there to-day, as in Melbourne, the; manufacture of sheet lead, lead pipe and all classes of brass fow1dry and copper-smithing work are carried on.

Sometime after his Brother Samuel's retirement, Mr. Danks took into a profit-sharing arrangement, his son, Mr. Aaron Danks, and several of his leading employees, and, later on, when his son was taken into partnership, an arrangement wa s made by which these le ading employees were allowed to acquire an interest in the business, and to fa.cilitate this, the concern was conve rted into a limited, and These gentlemen, Mr. J. H. finally into a proprietary company.

Guy, Mr. R. Ferguson, Mr. W. Booth, and Mr. W. A: F. Waitt, are still connected with the business. Mr. Guy and Mr. Booth having management of the Sydney business, while, with Mr. Aaron Danks, the other gentlemen take the leading positions at Me lbourne. Many of the employees have been over 30 years in the service of the firm..

Mr. Samue l Danks, on his retirement from the Melbourne concern, started a business at Brandon-street, Wellington, New Zealand, whi ch with his son, he carried on until his dea th, when his son took charge, and has since conducted a satisfactory and increasing business. Mr. Samuel Danks was highly respected in Wellington, where, for many years, he was a city councillor, and he took a leading interest in all the charitable institutions of the city.

Mr. Thoma.s Danks some time after he resigned his partnership in the Melbourne firm, also started business in New Zealand, choosing for his home the city of Christchurch, where he started works and business premises in Lichfield-street,. stocking- and manufa.c turing similar linea to those manufactured by the Melbourne and Sydney firm.

147 The late Mr. John Danks W'as honoured in serving in the municipal council of South Melbourne for several years as a councillor, anu as Mayor for two years in succession. In 1876 he was elected preside nt of the Manufa.c turers' Associa.tion, and he was a commissioner anu representative to the Paris Exhibition of 1878. Besides the business carried on at Melbourne and Sydney, Messrs. John Danks and Son Prop. L td., h ave their buying offi ce at 32 Union-street, Weclnesbury, Staffordshire, England.

Mr. Aaron Danks, J.P., the present managing director is a native of' South Melbourne, and has always shown the greatest interest in all matters affecting the inte rests of the city. A reference to the illustrations of Messrs. Danks' business premise s and works in Melbourne and Sydney on page 102 will, we are sure, prove interesting to our readers.

PETERSEN AND LARSEN The p acking case manufactory a.t 237 to 247 Normanby-road (near Montague railway station), South Melbourne, of whi ch Messrs. P etersen and L arsen are propriet o•rs, is an impo rtant feature of th e city.

The fi rm started business fourteen years ago, employing one man, and hav1:1 now worked it into one of the la1·gest of its kind in the Sta te, employ ing in the busy season about so men. The business is purely box making of V<Lrious kinds, for the manufacturing and export trade . The p remises, c01·ering a bout 200 ft. by 140 ft., are well situated, fa cing three s treets, N ormanby-road, Montague and Woo dgate s treets, and is opposite railway station, and cl ose to the river and timber wharves, and within a. very short distance of the centre of the city of Me lbourne. These are important advantages, sa.ving considerable ha.ulage. The firm has in use machinery and plant to the value of £13oo, and pa y out in wages about £2500 yearl y. The y started in very small premises off Clarendon-street, and ha d then a 3-hor:sepower engine, and removed eight years ago into the present p remises, now taking into use a 1o-horsepower engine. The ground they then had in use 1ra s about one-third of what they at ]Jresent occupy. Fi1·e yea rs a,go the rapiu expansion of business made a furth er increase of spa.ce and steam p01rer necessary, and on a number of cottages adjoining the shop being pulled down , the firm auded the thereby v::tcated la.nd to their premises, and erected on it the present engine-house, and further increased the room for box-making. Th1; capacity of tn e new eng ine is 3o-horsepower.

MR. H .. D .. HIRST Mr. H. D. Hirst, dental surgeo n, of 268 P ark-street, South Melbourne, was born in Albe rt P ark, and ·in· 1896 was apprenticed to Mr. F. A. Kernot (Heath and Kernot), dentists, fo-r four years, and afte rwards serve d two years as ass.istant; he also served two years in the same capacity with Mr. A. Pincott, of Collins-street. H e graduated at the Me lbourne Dental Hospital, passing in the following subjec ts : - Chemistry ·(pra ctical · and theory), metallurgy, materia medica, and therapeutics, anatomy and physiology, pathology and surgery, histology and bacterology, orthodontia , mechanical dentistry, and dental surgery, etc., ~eing the youngest student e ve r gradu a t~d at the Dental Hospital. Leaving Me lbourne for New Zealand, he' acted as locum tenens to one of t·he le ading dentist& in that State, and remained there until starting .in prac.tice for himself in South Melbourne. Mr. Hirst is particularly. devoted to his profession, and makes a. specia: st.udy in all the latest ·improvements for the conservative treatmen1 of the .teeth .. His sutgery and laboratory being thoroughly equippec with ·a n the latelit appliances. The ·painless 'extraction of teeth! ha!

148 ;1 lso been instrumental in the rapirl progrt>ss he has made·. Mr. Hirst attributes his success to the fa ct that there is no branch that is distasteful to him. H e is a memb er of th e ?viasonic frate rnity, and of the Indep endent Ord er of Hechabites.. '·

M:R. J OHN B. O 'HARA'S SOUTH MELBOURNE COLLEGE. T\w interH ting illustrations <tt page 77 show the prize-\Yinners , "Honour" and "Matriculation " dasse s, at this celebrated scholasti c establishment, which is situated in Bank-street West.

Mr. J . B. O'Ha.ra is a M.A .; ll':lS lat e LPcturer in lVbthematics and Natural Philosophy, Ormond College , Melbourne University ; was fir.st-class honourman, Sta.well Exhibitioner, and Mathematical Exhibitioner , Me lbourne Unive rsity. The staff working under Mr. O'Hara is remarkable for its educationa I ability.

The South Melbour-ne College may justly be said to be the leading Secondary School in Victoria, .if pre-eminence in the scholastic world be judged by University di~tinctions. Eight times durin? the last ten years tl1e South Melbourne College gained premier positiOn in the Matricu Jation lists. It also -won a Mathematical Exhibition seven times, the Physics and Chemistt·y Exhibition four times, the :French and German three times, and the English and History once. In Physics and Chemistry it has gained nearly half of all the honors secured by Victorian schools. So rapid has been the progress of this institution that it has outgrown the capacity of its present building.

The Principal has, therefore decided to erect neiV premises in Kerferd Road, adjoining the Albert Park railway station. These :buildings, when completed, will form the most modern and up-to-date .college in Australia. The total cost of land and buildings will amount to nearly £7000. The College will open in its new buildings next February. fhe photographs appearing on page 77 are those of prize winners.

The top plate represents winners in the Matriculation Class as follows (reading from left to right) :- B<tek Row : L. Crivelli · (French), A. Crooks (Geography), A. Gibson (Essay), L. Maloney (History), F. ·wilcox (Essay).

Front Row : Miss Alice Cook (Physi,cs), Miss Edith R.aven (Arithmetic and Physiology), R. Hewitt (Latin), Miss C. :.\'forrissey (Essay), Miss Agnes Zumpe (German). The bottom plate represents prize winners in Honour Classes :- Back Row : Alan Galbraith (Dux, Science), Miss Bessie Wilson (Equal Dux, Modern Languages), David Tyler (Euclid), Miss Elsie Thomas (Physics and Chemistry), Alfred Burston (Dux, Mathematics).

Front Row: Miss Rae Mendoza (English), Miss Olive Morrissey (Dux, Classics), Samuel Morris (Science), Miss Mary Glowrey (Dux, English and History; Equal Dux, Modern Languages), Miss Dora Newham (Algebra).

T. CRAINE. For over fifty years the flourishing coachbuilding firm of T. Craine has been carried on in this State, and now fairly ranks as one of the largest and leading industries in the Southern Hemisphere. 'l'he factory is situated in City-road, just over Prince's Bridge, and is most complete in e·v-ery way, being fitted with the latest and most improved machinery, and cbvers a large area of ground .

On paying a visit recently it was a complete edification to us to see the completeness in which the work was turned out. We were first shown the large quantity of timber-kauri, ash, hickory, poplar, etc.--and wheels, shafts stored in large building, used specially for seasoning purposes. The shop was then visited, where a large number of hands were busily employed building bodies, wheels, undercarriages, etc., and as the m!l-cbinet·y, which is one of the most up-to-

149 dat'e plant~ in the Au~tmlian :::ltates, is continually going the whole year round, the number of vehicles turned out annually must be enormous. All the timber is carefully examined by 1\'lr. Craine's foreman befor·e being used, and any t hing not pass ing his in specLion is at once rejected. l'h e smith shop is situn.ted at the rear of the factory, the whole being worked on the most appmved principle, a powerful gas engine being used to work the machinery.

The trimming, paint shop and store t'ooms are on the first floor. ~ ' 1'. Craine has recen tly opened la rge and sp::teious show rooms at 322 and 3:.!4 Elizabeth - st re ~ t, next Little Lonsdn.le-street, on t he sn.me side of the stt·eet as the G. P.O., where he is displaying a magn ificent asso rt ment of vehicles for town and country use, and to suit all requirements; also a la rge stock of carriage requisites, such as buggy rugs, mats, whips, horse and co w rugs, etc., etc.

THE A USTRALIAN DISTILLERY CO. An entirely new enterprise is t hat eng,tged in by t he Austmlian Distillery Co., whose purpose is the distillation in :Australia of only the highest g rade spirits. The site occupied by this co mpany is a n eminently suitable one, being just over Queen's Bridge on t ho south side of t he River Yana, a nd t·ight in t he heart of a la1·go distributing centre. A s their distillery is within easy access of the Customs H ouse, clearances can be made from theit· celhrs direct, thps obviating congestion of dealers' :md m:mufacturers' own stores. ~ Th e objective of this company is the making and maintaining of only the fin•·st spirits ; they are determiaed that theit• name shall stand as a synonym for quality fit·st and foremost. Their principal efforts will be directed towards the making- fot· home use and ex.port-of a first grade Brandy, and have now stored in theit· extensive cellars vast quantities of Auscmlian Wine for that purpose. They also intend making a Run1 that will compete with the finest West India pi·oduct. There is no valid reason why such shuuld not be made from Australian sugar cane, equal to the very best produced a ny whet·e. Then, the distillery of a Pure .:vt.alt Whisky is another avenue in which t his company inte nds to excel.

Pure wine spirit for fo1·tifying wines, liqueurs of va rious kinds, and methylated spirit will also be manufactured . There is no doubt that the facilities the Australian Distillery Co. are able to offer distributors will appeal strongly to the trade. The fact is undoubted that Au ~ ­ tralia is the most favored count ry in the wodd for ·t he production of raw material for this industry- wine, grain, and sug~r-cane of excellent quality a re at our do01·-and it only remains for the manufacturer to employ the very best processes to produce an article that can not be surpassed. No country has the advantages that we have, of being able to produce cheaply all the r equisite matet·ial for ' the manufacture of all spirits, but an unjust and absurd prejudice exis_ts in some minds against Australian manufactures. '£he Australian Distillery Co. have erected an up-to-dat~ plant, which has all the advat;J.tages of modern research and economy, being a combination of Pot, P atent, and French systems_ It is believed thet·e is not another distillerY in the wodd of quite equal capabilities, and the product from it shou'Id be unsurpassed.

E . A. FIELD. Mr. E. A . Field carries on business at an old established shop £or hairdressing and tobacconist's business at 231 Clarendon-street.

It was first kept by .:Vlr. Jones, then by three successive proprietors until purchased by Mr. Field nine years ago ; so that £or upwards of forty yeat·s the same trade has been carried on until the increase of his business encouraged ~h. Field to t·emuve into much larger premises

150 two doors higher up, and opposite to ~ess rs. Tye & Co.'s warehouse, in June la~t. Mr. Field now keeps a much larger stock of goods, in tohacco, pipes, cigars, cigarettes and fancy goods, which should encourage an increase of trade. The hairdressing saloon has been beautifully fitted up, and .\I r. Field has now two extra chairs and employs a numbe1· of tradesmen and an improver and also works in the saloon himself. ~Ir. Field does a good wholesale trade :1mongst the shopkeepers of both eouth and Port Melbourne, and will, we think, be well rewarded for his enterprise.

WM. STEPHEN'S EXCELSIOR FOUNDRY. Visitors to Melboume will do well to spare a little time in paying a visit to these cOm jJact works, situated at the corner of Sturt and Grant streets, South Melbourne (close to Messrs. Johns and Waygood's).

When once there the vi~itor will be shown numerous varieties of ornamental il'on work, for which this firm is specially known both for the excellent qunlity of 'its- wo1·k and the reasonable co~t of the vat'ious item<;; produ ced. 'J'h~ al'tistic designs are firEt sketched by architects artists, &c., t hen the carvers spend some considerable time in producing a WOI'kable design in WOOd, from which braSS patternS are then made, which, when thoroughly chased and cleaned up in the finishing shop, are put into the moulder's ha nds, who forms a mould by placing between two iron boxes in which sand, &c. , is pressed, which form s around the brass pattern ; this pattem in turn is carefully removed, leaving an impression which is filled with the molten iron, and when cool, is lifted and cleaned up with files and wire brushes, which leaves them the perfect castings fol' which this fi1·m is noted. The iron used , it is perhaps interesting to note, is eithel' pig or scrap, or both rnixl'd, and is taken up on to a platform some twelve or fourteen feet high in truck by water power. . It is then placed in the cupola or fumace and is subjected to intense heat, caused by a powerful blast from aJan ·driven by electricity. Here it is re-melted, and drawn off into ladles convenient for carrying round the foundry by the - employees, or lifted by overhea(l crane for heavy work, each in turn being emptied into its propel' place, and so casting the many shaped designs, which are such a material impl'Ovement to the appearance and value of the villa .or cottage. A thoroughly good line, too, is their 12 foot rotunda or summer house, octagon in shape and containing 8 c. i. columns, 1.6 -brackets, and necessary frieze (about 32ft.), together with 32ft. balcony panels, 9 finials, &c., the whole cast-iron required being- placed · f.o .b. for the sum of 17 guineas. It is just such a line ·as-would .make a splendid addition to a private residence, or, if a little heavier column and friezework were substituted, would make an ideal place for band stands, &c., for corporation, clubs and other publiC: bodies to erect on their grounds. Othe1· lines, such as garden rollers, seats, restaurant tables, gate posts, post caps, cast -iron pickets for fence work, and hundreds of smaller lines a1·e made.

J . H. T.\ YLOR. Mr. J. H. Taylor opened up business m South Melbourne as a Grocer and Wine and Spirit-.\lerchant fifteen ·years ago. Since then success has attended his efforts, and 221 Clarendon Street is now a very busy centre. A specialty of i\1 r. Taylor's trade is t.he distribution of wines and spirits, the famous Rutberglen wines from the vine. y~rds_ of that district, fully matured, meeting with such an extensive demand that :\'lr. Ta~lor's connection bas extended to the supply of the trade, hotels, country buyers and the shipping. The secret of Al r. Taylor's success has been attention to his customers' best interests, integrity and energy.

THE MINTARO FLAGSTONE & SLA!I'E CO. P erha.ps the most interesting of South Melbourne manufactories is that of the Minta ro Flags tone and Slate Company, of Sturt-street. vVe give a t page 95 two views, one showing the Mintaro Quarries, 85 miles north from Ad elaide, South Australia, and the other showing the in terior of the works, with a large stock of slate flagging, heartstones, kerlJings, steps, landings, shelving, slabs for monumental work, billiard table tops, lavatories, urinals, ba th s, and the many works for which the best quaJities of slate are adaptable.

Ari overhead traveller goes the entire length of the yard, facilitating the moving of the heavy slabs. The nort.hern end of the yard is occupied by the va rious machinery used, such as saws, moulding, plane and poli shin g machines. All these are driven by a powerful gas

--~--~-

M i ntaro

Slate

Works ,

Sturt - Street.

engine, made by Mr. E. Coulson. The quarry vi:~w 'shows the splendid bed of sla te which the company obtains its suppliesHfrom. Slabs can be taken out of this quarry varying in size from 60ft. 路x 4-0ft. to 90ft: x -30ft., and absolutely accurate in evenness and straightness of the , surface. In the yard can be found various slabs 14ft. 路 6in. x 7ft.

6in., which is as large as can be trucked over the South Australian H.ail ways, the low overhead bridges preve_nting the slabs being stood on edge. The company carrying on its business at- South Melbourne controls all the business outside South Australia, and is represented in Brisbane by the well-known house of Jas. Campbell and Sons, in Sydney by that of Creak and Ford, and in Hobart by Mr. D . . W. Watson. They have also an agency- in Launceston, Mr. J. Dunn.

152 An inspection of the stock shows the superexcellence in colour and grain of this celebrated slate, and as compared with Victol'ia11 output, it is vastly better, ranking in contracts with any known slate or stone for flagging purposes, being free from ineq ualitie.s and equally hard throughout. The slate is very largely used for billiard table tops on account of its great accuracy. It is clean, well laminated, close ·grained, uniformly hard and of excellent colour, and not subj ect to scaling and other defPcts common to some slates.

Thi<> company_:_ Messrs. Chas. D. Aston and Horace J. Jacobs being the proprietors-supplies orders for all kinds of building work (except roofing), and it is but fair· to say that it is well supported by the profes~ion for the superior quality of its output. They are contractors to the .\1 elbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works for the supply of slates for urinals and other sanitary purposes.

J. G. ROOKE. The well-known business of Mr. J. G. Rooke, Grocer and Wine and Spirit Merchant, corner of Nelson Road and St. Vincent Street, South Melbourne, has been established over eighteen years, and during that p:eriod the premises have been considerably extended in keeping with the growth of the city ; the business in the initial stage was a small one. Mr. Rooke at once began to develop his ideas, first by intr·oducing a good system of management, having had a sound business training with one of the largest wholesale and retail establishments in the metropolis, and soon found that attention to business, civility to customers, coupled with a fixed determination to sell only the best goods at a small margin of profit, brought his establishment into pro· ulinence. Mr. Rooke has th3 benefit of having a capacious cellar, in ~hich he stores and matures his carefully selected wines from the lejading viney~rds of Victoria, and having a thorough knowledge of tiis department patrons can rely on getting the very best value. Another feature of the business is the special attention paid to the dairy produce ; the leading brands of butter, hams and bacon from the be~t factories are always kept in stock. The tea and coffee is under the direct supervision cf himself, who with his long experience is able to please the highest expert conn0iseur. The grocery and spirit departments are also worked on the latest modern and up-to-date principle, and 1\Ir. Rooke hope.s with constant attention to be as successful in the future as in the past.

W. E. WELLS & SON, AUCTIONEERS. The above firm conducts one of the largest suburban auctioneering businesses in their Central Auction Rooms, 301 Clarendon Street, South Melbourne. Established some 26 years ago, they have succeeded in building up an extensive Estate and Insurance Agency, and the practica-l ability of the Partners, both of whom are members of the Architectural and Engineering Association, has been of valued assistance in their dealings with Real Estate. 1viany of the principal buildings in South Melbourne have been erected under the supervision of the senior member of the fir·m, ;\!r. W. E . Wells, a sworn valuer, ~nd special attention is given this particular· branch of their work.

Mr. E. A. Wells, auctioneer, who is a representative of Beaconsfield Ward in the local Council, conducts bi-weekly sales of household furniture and merchandise at their rooms every Tuesday and Friday afternoon, while outdoor auction sales of properties, furniture and shop stocks are carried through by them at lowest current rates. All d~tails of their business, such as rent collecting, insurance and finance work, receive their closest personal attention, and the large circle of their clients are an unspoken te11timony as to their ability and probity,

153 P. McCAULEY McCauley's Fumiture Stores were founded by the proprietor, P. McCauley, ::n years ago, in a small way in Clarendon Street, South Melboume. H e afterwards built the corner shop in Dorcas SLrcetpart of the great orphanage block, right in the centre of the city, adjoining the Town H all, Police Comt and Public Buildings-on a 50 years' lease, and, as the years rolled on, additional premises were built to the old place. During t he last few years fom路 shops adjoining have been purchased, which, when altered a nd extended, will make this furniture store one of the largest in the city. The business has been built up purely on connection, and in the different departments you can furnish from kitchen to drawingroom. The stores are famous for theit路 up-to-date style in design s. The depa rtments include pianos, organs, carpets, crockery, ironmongery, gramaphones, bicycles, plated ware and fan cy goods. The storerooms are in Marshall and Daly stt路eets, and there is a branch of the business at 468 Bridge .Road, Richmond.

MAPLES FURNITU RE WAREHOUSE. This business wa.s established about :W years ago in comparatively small premises in the Town Ha.ll Block, Ularendon-st. With the increa8e of business other shops were taken in and extensions built at the rear until there was no further room for expansion. To meet the ever growing trade, the prop rietors purchased the ft路eehold of five shops in the adjoining block, where they erected the handsome building shown in our illustration. The new building consists of three floors, and extends through to Charles-street.

On the opposite side of Clarendon-street is another warehouse of similar dimensions, which is connected with the main building by means of enclosecJ bridges from the two upper floors. The show rooms, which cover a space of 22,000 square feet, are filled with every description of Furniture and Furnishings, one of the features being an improved gallery for th e display of pianos and organs; upwards of one hundred instruments are always on view. The show windows are the fin est in l\1 elbot1rne, each plate being 1 :ift. square ahd de,:;cending to the level of the footpath. With the success of ::Waples, a number of other firmR sprung up around them and combined to cre:Lte a mark et for their particular trade, so that South Melboume is now one of the recognised centres of the furniture trade in Victoria, attl'acting customers from adjoining suburbs and all parts of the country. Maples have . of recent years erected similar warehnuses i11 all the principal suburbs of Melbourne.

DOWNIE'S BAKING FACTORY, Thomas Downie, the founde r of the firm, was born at Ba.nn_9ckburn, Scotland, and arrived in the colony in 1858. He shortly afterwards went into business as a. baker, at 191 Clarendon-street, and continued there until 1871, when he re moved to his own property, at 179 Clarendon-street (now 375 and 377). In 1887 he erected the present commodious premises, removin.g the old structure, about the last relic o.f the early days, built at Live rpool, England, and shipped to Mlelbourne, where all that had to be done was to bo.Jt it together.

Thomas Downie died in 1896, and his. son, J. A. D ownie, has since carr ied on the business. It is the olde st baki ng factory in the city.

The firm has earned a repu tation throughout the district for keeping a first-class article, both, in bread and small goods, and now, after being established for 45 years, they still think that quality is the only real and permanent factor in carrying on a successful business.

J. P. SENNITT AND SON. . In Miller:street, South Melbourne, f acin g the 1iver, :md midway : between Prince's and Queen's Bridges, stands the handsome building -dep icted on p age 92 ~ lessrs. J. P. Sennitt a.ncl Son's I ce ancl R e·.friger.atin g Compan y. :\Jr. J. P . Sennitt, wh o is a coun cillor of th~ -c:ity .a,nd a justice of the peace, :1 nd wh o is bes,poken as the coming -maym of the city at nn ea rl y date, was :1ssociated with the l a t<~ · Victori an Cold Accumulator Compa ny, which carried on business i1~ L atrobe- street , Melbourne, in 1892 and 1893. In 1894 Mr. S enni t:~ - tr:lllsferred the business to the present centrally -situated, prominent · :1 nd commod1ous premises . :1nrl in 1900 his son , Mr. W. J. Sennitt,

J.

P . SENNITT, J.P .

W.

J. SENNITT.

- ~~=hose p.o rtrait is also given , was a dm itted as a partn er in the bu ~ i ­ ness. -Owing to a very rapid increase in business, the firm ha s found -it necessa.ry ·to aod d to it!> plant an d machinery every year, in order to -keep abreast of th e times, a nd sup ply th e demand for both ice . a1~ d refrige ra tion orders; and this enterp rising firm may now fa irly take credit to have brought the establishment up to a sta te of complett'ness equa l to a nythin g in the Commonwealth. There are two Atlas Company refri ge ratin g duplicate machines insta lied, capabl e of turn-!ng __o_u t 120 t<?n ~ of ice, and controlling power to operate 16 large free?ing _rooms, containing 7o;ooo cubic f eet of space . The increa sed f acilities_ for producing ice has brought about a radical ch ange in the .charge to the consumer, whereas in 189 2-4 a hundredweight of ice c:oui<l .riot. be purcha sed a t less than ss ., in 1904-5 the same quantity j8:delivered f or rs. 6d. With the progn:ess of this State, so must this .husiriess increase, and J. P . S ennitt and Son , havin g overcorne what looked like insurmountabl e difficulties in · the past, b ut which ~yield'ed befor e energy and perseverance~ may now look ah~ad with complacency, and have eve ry confidence m the future of ~he mdustry, w~1ich , without doubt, is a credit to the State and to the CJ t y of South ·Melbourne, is one of the f eatures of its growin g industri a l influence. ·'fhe ·commo.d.ious_ cool chambers are specially fitted up for any class of perish abie product , mutton , - b~ef, fish , eggs, fruit, cheese, milk ,

155 _

etc., being stored on the premises . As an ev idence- of' the .firtn!s enterprise, a. ~:l i t bu siness has lately been added , which birls f ai r- to become a p rnfit,thl t adjunct to its tr:trle. Th e firm -gives--employment to ;\ large nu ml1e r of hand s. lVIr. J . P . Sennitt was elected unop]JOsed on tiYO occas ions for F ;l\Ykner \Y a rd to th e· South Melbourne Council , and is pnpul a r- ~o mu ch SO, in d'eed , that his fellow coun cillors inrli<\1le him a.s likely to he th P next mayor of the city. Fo r straightfonYarrlness ;tnrl. integ rity thP ftrm has ea rned <1 good rep utati on.

BROOKS, R OB I NSON AND CO. LTD. Our illustration shows wo rk s for the manufacture of mantelpieces, wbi r h is act iveh· .carried on. The chimneY .stack is in -connection with the .stained ·gla ss kilns. At the rea r is farge storage accom.modation for reserve .stocks of glass anrl ot lw r goods, constantl y requisitioned to 'fill ordecs from th.e other States. There is ·also extens ive stabling on th e p remi ses. The reviva l of the use of wooden mantelpieces has necess itated the empl oyment of skille d wo rkmen to -produ ce the trarl<> requir<> ments for a pprow·rl des igns suitable for the nt~ wer .styles of arc hitecture for Australi an homes.

At the showrooms, Elizabeth-street, th ere is e xhibiterl a complete assortment of hi gh-rl a.ss·_ examples .of the company's man ufartures, toget her with a large va riety of the latest sty les of grates a nrl tiles, specia lly imported .

The com pam's a.rtistir prorluctions in slit inPd glass are well known throughout the Commonwea lth . A visit to the .studios, also in E lizabeth-street, wi ll be fo unrl int€'re sting. Tlw late Mr. H enry Brooks estab:Jished th e g.lass, oil and colour busines-s in Melbourne in th e year r854, and until th e time of hi s rleath gave the closest atten tion to ea·ch de partm ent. Tn r867 Mr. Brooks removed to London, from whic h cen tre he opened up ro mme rcia l re latio ns throughout Austra lia anrl Ne w Zea land, anrl bv hi s foresi ght and enterprise establi sher] the inrlenc busine ss of H e nry Brooks and Co., whi rh has continue d to prosper ever si nre. Subsequ f'> nt to the- death of Mr. H enry Brooks, the Melbourne bus ine ss wns fo-rmerl into . a company, with Mes~rs. Hl. W. a.nd E. J. P. Brooks a.s managing rlirectors, who now gui de its poli cy. Th e resi dent direrto rs, Mr. R obert Cochrane anrl Mr. L ouis Cooper, who ha ve been for mam· yea rs associated in the manage ment of the business, continue to give it their c:losest atte ntion, :b eing assisterl in the ir wo rk hv man,· of the old employees.

BOOKSELLERS AND STATTONERY. The business of H . L. J ones, news agents, b ooksell ers and statio ners, is one of the oldest estahl ished in the citv, anrl the present o11•ners of the business, Mess rs. H. L. J ones and Sons, have · conducted it. for the past qu arte r of a centurv. Th e new premises occupied by the firm, eroctPd b y them ab out five yea rs ago, are splen(iidly iitterl for a large suburban trade. Mr. H. L. Jones, the senior partne r of the firm , is a lora! justice of th e peace, a position he h as held for forty years.

W. McKELLA\f.

McKelhm and Co. 's steam carpet cleaning works are at 28o· Cityroad, South Melbourne, and weTe established in r899 by the late J. J . McKellam. The establishme nt ha.s always been no ted for. excellent workm anship and prompt delivery, and, owing to liberal support, the1· have b een ab le to keep several hand s going. The business is nm~ manage d b y . Mr. F . Burn s, whose experience in the different rolonies has en abled him to keep up the goorl name of the finp. The ca rpet-beating machine is the latest model of its kind, and attains

156 the speed of 2 so revolutions a. minute, and is capable of turning out yards ca.r pet daily. The carpet plannmg and laying is unde r the direction of Mr. W. McKellam and staff, and the sewi ng and altering department is under the sole direction of Mrs. McKell ant , whose work has always been recommended in this State and Ne1r Zealand.

soo

P. J. KING. Percy J ohn King, whose business pre mises are illustrated, carri es on an extensive business as an engraver, de., at 273 Little Collinsstreet, Melbourne (telephone 2550), 1rhere he has been established since 11893· H ie finds consta nt e mployment for 12 hands, 1rith an up-to-date plant. The chief products of this fa ctory are brass plates, rubber stamps, dies, etc., but he executes every description of e·n graving. Locally, he has done .several phtks, notably the bra ss memorial tablet to the me mory of the late J ohn Danks, J.P., which is erected at the Cecil-s treet Methodist Church, and the two bandsome bronze tablets erecte d on the fou ntain.

Hie is a. native o f " Emerald Hill, " having been born in the heart of Clare ndon-street in April, r87o, a .stone's throw from the T own H all, and be has re sided in the city almost continuously eYer since. H e takes a live interest in all local affairs, elections, etc. H e is a playing member of one of the S.Mi.C.C. eleve ns, but is better known in that connection as an old secreta ry and playe r of the Unity C.C. since 1886, which is one of the oldest junior clubs on " the Hill. " Mr. King was e ducated principa lly at the loca l State school, and received his finishing touches from the capable Mr. David Cook. H e served an apprenticeship of seven years with Mr. C. G. Rooszler, and afte rwards held a responsible position with that gentleman. In r893 he decided to strike out for himself, and he now posse sses one of the best businesses in his line in the city.

WM. TRAIN AND CO. T his fi rm is the oldest-estab lish ed one in th eir particular line in South Me lbourne, in fa ct, in Victori a, being estab li sh ed some 35 ye ar_-; ago. Mr. T rain arrived in Adela ide from Scot land, and soon made his way over to Victoria, where he started in a small way, and steadily pushed on, until he was one of the largest e mpl oyers of labour in South Melbourne. Being the first to introduce the manufa cture of enamelled wood mante lpiece, bes ides hav ing a large local trade in these goods, he was exporting lar ge quan ti ties to the va.riou.s States.

The firm at the prese nt time are doing a fai rl y large trade with South Africa in this line, besides sending them to New Zealand, where most of the timber comes from. Afte•r being some I'4 years in Moray-street, they remove d to Sturt and Dod ds streets, and erected extensive workshops and .stea m stone-sawin g plant, and various machinery for marble and slate working, also \rood-wo rking machinery. Being a progressive firm, the y have di scarded the stea m for electric power, and have a number of electric motors for driving their marble-working and wood-working machines. H aving extensive showrooms at the works, whe re they have a. splenaid variety of all styles and designs in wood (of all classes.) mantelpieces and overmantels, of which they make a specialty, ca n be seen in the various sta.ges of manufacture. They also keep a large variety of grates, tiles, baths, etc., suitable for all classes of houses, from the cottage to the mansion. A cordial invitati on is given to anyone to pay a visit to the works. Since Mr. Train's de ath, the firm has been carried on by Mlr. C. M. Kerr, his son-in-law, and Mr. Harry R obinson, foreman to

Mr. Train.

157.

MR. W. H . BREWER The " S il ex ., preparations sold by W. H . Brewer are all manu fact ured at his " Sile x " Works, nea r <lueen's Bridge, South Melbourne. These preparations inclu de th l' celebrate d " Silex " asbestos non-condu cting compos ition for cove ring boil ers, cylinders, steam p ip es, etc . Th.i.s ma terial is well know n throughout the States as. the most d urab le a ncl e-conomic artir lt" of its kind in the market. " Si·lex ,. asbestos non-conducting fireproof blocks for locomotive and other bo ile rs.. These are made in a ny size. to suit req uirements, and Mr. Brewe r has in hand at present a la rge ro ntrart to suppl y them to the Victori a n Raihrays, for cove-r ing the bo il ers of the new DD engines. fn a separate bui lding, next to the boi ler coYe ring factory,is the paint mak ing de partnw nt. H ere are manufa ctured a ll kinds of paints, ship paints, house paints, quick-drying pa ints, enamels, dryers, etc. The paints are a ll mi xe r! re ady for use, and a re p ut up in handy air-tight tins, with hand les. Th e " Sil ex ., :1she:stos li q uid paints, for house pain ting. are macle from the fi nest p-igments and purest materials only, a nd a rt· guaranteed to be in C"ven · n:·spt'•rt: st ri ctly re liable and firstcl ass pa ints, a nd seroncl to nont· in ric hness a nd permanency of colou r, bea.uty of finish, d urab ili t1·, unifo rmity, and all characteristics which are re quisite to form a p e·rfect ornamental prote ctive coveri ng.

They are equally va lu ab le for inside work or for general purposes, and conta in no usele ss adulte rations and d ilutions, and will be found to withstand sa.!t wate r, atmosphere, and other trying exposures whe re t he b est white lead has fail ed. " Si lex ., liqui d dryocs may be used 1rith perfect safety i111 a ny paints, and, o wing to its purity, less tha n one half the usua l quantity is require d. I t is sui table fo-r a ll li~d oil pa ints. anrl will not discolou r whi te lead, zinc, nor the most de lirate tints. In another part o.f the establishment is manufactured the " Si le'x" no-x ious weed destroye-r, a pre paration which is proving of ine!'timable bene fit to farmers, graziers, etc., in completely eradicating 8.11 kinds of noxio-us and useless vegetatio n. I t is also largely us t·d by muni cipa.l cou nc il s. arou nd Melb ourne fo r keeping footpaths, street c ha nnels, etr., free from grass a nrl wee ds, ~ nd it ha s proved to be more t"ffe~tiv e a nd much cheap E-r than ha nd wee ding.

F'or destroying we eds in carriagt- driv-e s, grave·! paths, e tc., the use of " Silex " is prefe r~b l e to hand weedi ng, as t he solution is simply sprayed on the fo li age of th-e w·e eds. which quickly disappe ar, leaving the surface o f' the paths or dri v-e ~ undisturbed a nd solid. Pamphlets, pri ces, a nd a ll part icul ars mal" bt- had fro m the sole manufaJCtu rer.

JAMES H ERSCH ELL AND CO. Am ong the many business estab li shme nts of wha.t is one of Me-lbourne's most important co mm ercial sub urbs, few a re better known than the firm of J ames H~schell a nd Co. Throughout the district the name of H e rschel! is as we ll know n as the city clock. Unlike the c lock, howe ve r, t hey do not keep the ir hands. before their face.

Mode;sty isn't a profita ble commodity in prese nt-day commercial life, a nd H rsche ll a nd Co:. do n't de a l in unprofitable commodities. They stock "go ,. in large quantities, an d retail it to any requiring it. The old firm has been station ed at th e wel l kn own " Comer " (Park and F erra rs street), for thi rt1·-three years . so that, while not so old as the city, it has seen most of its vicissitudes, its joys a nd its sorrows. The business was la.unched by Mr. Robert Grieve and Mr._ J a mes Herschel! , under the title of R. Gri eve and Co. A few years aft erwards Mr. Grie ve re tire d from active se rv ice, and the nam e of the firm was altered to J ame s H erschel! and CQ., at which it has ever since rem~i n ed .

Mr. J ames H e rschel! died in the yea r 1902. The present proprietors ani we ll known. Th ey e arly adopted a policy of pro-

158 gressive business. R ecognising that the lirst con.siueration of an up-to-date firm should be the con.Yenience of its customers in the dttfe rent parts of the distri ct, th e }.Jessrs. He rschel! have opened li w branches in South Melbourn e and J:'ort Melbourn e, 11·here competent managers cater for the requirements of th e buying public. The firm is characterised by fair dealing and straight recogn itjon of strict current prices. The brothers have for long taken an interest in a ll trade matters, both in the ir 0\\"11 rustrict and in wider spheres, having for their object the be tterment of trade cond itions, without any resultant il! e ffects to the public. Tlw ir success in this di rection is a byeword. They themselves are th oro-ugh ly re presentative of a modern suburban business firm ; they employ a number of hands, and ha ve not once hesitated, through bad seasons as well as good, to stake their unquestioning faith in the p lace and the pe ople wherein they have electe'l'l to cast their lot.

F. WATKINS. The foundation of the butcher-ing business of F. Watkins 11·as lai d in an unpretentious manne r• in Clarendon-street, Emerald Hill, ove r forty years since, and has made such successful progress th•tt it is to-day one of the leading establishme nts in the trade. I ts operations extend largely into Melbourne and subu rb s, and, in add ition. to tlie manage me nt holding important Gol'ernment contracts, the service demanded by the recent visit of R oya lty elici ted from H.R .H. the Duke of York and Lord Hopetoun th e highest encomiums. The present Governor-Gene ral extends his patronage to the firm, and innumerable influential citizens have been for 1·ears catered for to their entire satisfaction. At 'the head place of b~siness, Moray-street, the appoi ntments are of an up-to-date description, including iron " hanging" rail s measuring no less than 450 feet, and the stables shelte r 25 horses, necessary adjuncts to prompt delivery, while the numerous employees work harmoniously and assiduously to maintain the reputation of the firm. A branch business at Middle Park is {)l!le of the leading features in that rapidly-rising district. The founder, Mr. F. Watkins, retired from active service with a compe tency 25 years ago, and resides at Kew, where, conside ring his advanced age of 82 years, he is in excell ent health.

F. SKINNER. The above bu.sine ., of coachbuilder and general blacksmith, at P ark-stree-t, South Melbourne, was comme nced in r877, by T. Chapman, when Park-street at that end was much higher than the building sites on e ither side , and what is now Law-street could be navigated in a boat during most of the winter time . and the shop reached in tha.t wa.y, the present proprietor working for the same Chapman ti ll J anuary, r886, when he took on the business, and from tha t time it ' has steadily increased. The shop at th at time was a flat-roofed shed; so low that the roof could be touched on one side by the hand .

Now a new one stands at the back of the old site, and a front building in place of the old rusty iron one. The. work embraces all classes, from the many ti mber jinkers., 7 in. tires, to the light buggy with r in. rubber tires, but specialties are tradesmen's vehicles, in which Mr. Skinner has a very large connection, drawing trade very . largely from other suburbs, and a very large majority of ve hicles, especially bakers' waggons, running in South Mielbourne, have been built at above address. Severa 1 contracts for South Melbourne Citv Council have been secured, inclu di ng 13 sanitary carts, which are nmv out of date. At pre sent there are six men employed in the coachbuilding, and two in the engineering. The work done in the engineer-

159 ing shop is of various kinds. A few years back, whet?· the pa~ts of hicycles were not so e asi ly obtainable, all parts, sprocket and gear 1rhe els, wm e cut, pe dals pms and cones 1re re forged and finished for the trade, and rubber tires 1rere made on the pre mise . Specialties are knitting machines, fla t and c n cular, a nd al l kinds of cyl inders, etc., made a nd cut on th e prc•mises to fit any make mac hine, li•ithout having to s end home for dupli cate parts.

THE CITY OF MELBOURNE GAS A:\D COKE COMPANY, THE COLLlNGWOOD, FITZRO Y A~D DISTRICT GAS AND COKE CO., A~D THE SO UTH ~1ELBOUR E GAS

co.

Perhaps no private co ncern is more intima tely connected with the public interest than the Met rop olit ~m Gas Company. Formed in 1878 by the am.algamation of ea ch of which was, prior to that date, carrying on as a s eparate unde rtaking. The advantages secured by this amalg<lm- with its att·endant heigh te ning of service and lowe ring of cost to the consum er--a rc· shown in t he case of the South Melbourne Gas Works, whi ch, since t he amalga mati on, have required to be largely extende d to cop e 1ri th the inc reased demand. The e South Mel bourne works, th leading o l' the· company's three stati ons, now cover an are a of about 17 ac res in Graham and P ic kle streets, gi ving re gular employment to 250 p e ~so ns, a la rge proportion of the 850 persons in the company's e mploy. Supple me nting the works for the manufacture of gas, the comp a ny has of recent ye a.rs erecte d spa cious workrooms for Lhe m.a king and repairing of · me ters and stores, a very considerable und ertaking 1rhen it is re membe re d that over 6o, ooo meters are fixe d in co nsum ers ' pre mises, with 8oo miles of reticulation mains to distribute the gas over the radius of e ight miles from the Melbourne G.P.O., covered by the company 's op erations.. The yea rly gas supply amounts to the enorm ous figur e of 1,3oo, ooo,ooo cubi c feet, to the making of which go no less than 13o•,ooo tons of coal. The purp06es fo r which gas is applie d are many and va rious, and, while municipal and private lighting and h eating a ccount fo r the majod' consumption, no inconsiderab le quantity is utilise d fo r industria l needs, such as supplying the motive po11·er for ga.s engines, be ating irons in the tailoring, laundry <U1d shirt-making trades, mel ting lead for linotype machines and s,o on. Indeed, alm ost e very week opens some new ave nue where gas is f0und most convenie nt a nd ec onomical of usage . The methods of gas ma nufacture-, since the in ception of the company's ca reer, have been improve d b eyo nd measure, and the newest t)rpe of machinery introdu ce d to supersede, wh e rever' possible, the old labourious hand me thods pra.c tised by the separate works prior tp the amalgam. This, too, not, as captious criti cs would have it belie ve d, from merely mercenary motives, but in a gre ate r degree to be tter conside r t he health and we lfare of those in the company's e mploy. The process of gas maki ng is of mu ch inte rest, and a description of the method, as practised a t the So~tth Melbourne works, will be typical of that a.t the various stations. The coal is first broken up by special co1l-breakers to conve ni ent size, then raise d by mechanical e le vators to hoppers above the re torts, from which i.t falls, by gravity into th e charging machines. These in tum fill the retorts with coa~ everY six hours, the nece.ssary stoking being done by machine ry drive n by hydra ulic power. Thre e large gasholde rs, with a total capacity of over three and a-half million cubic feet of gas, are provide d at these works, to ensure a full pre ssure suppl y of gas ove r th e company's area . The disposal of bye-products- coke, tar and sulphate of. ammoni a- form e d in the making of gas, play a . large part in the life of a gas company. Coke, so cleanly and econo-

16G mica! a fuel- and exce ll ent withal- finds a ready sa le for both factory and domestic purposes; the sma ll homes of the people in the neighbourhood of the South Melbourne works alone accounting, for a large and regular demand. '" Once used, a lw ays used," ' is a truism as regards coke.

The Gas Company comes in close conta ct with municipal li fe in many ways, and always with the happiest results. How marked is the splendid improvement that has taken place of recent years in the matter of street lighting. We car:l all remember the' poo·rly luminous wasteful flat-flam e burners of the past. What an advance to the \Velsbach inca nd escent btinH'•rs of. to-day, which save in cost in equal ratio to their gain in 'exc<;·llence o.f resu lt. A stroll along St. Kilda Esplanade, wber·e a group ' of' inc4_ndescen t lamps. has late ly been insta lled by the Gas Company, unqe r municipal agreement, will strikingly evidence to what height of efficiency this form of li ghti ng has been brought. And he re a f to11· wmds on the rival claims of gas and electricity as luminants will not b e out of place . Exhaustive trials have served to throw into bolder relief not only th e relative, but the absolute supe riority of gas. Tha.t it is cheaper will be conceded by all, but it is more than this- it is better and actually more effective, even ta ken cost for cost. No mere state ment th is, uns upported by proof. He·re the prqof is positive and unchallengeable. The London Cou rt of Common Qounci l recentl y de cided, on the recommendation of the chairm an of 'the .stre·ets com mittee, to disca.rd electric lamps up till then in use in threei of the most important thowughfares in London-Queen Victoria, Fleet and Lower Thames streets- and substitute incande scent gas lamps in their stea d. The rea.son affo-rded for this step was the actual superiority in diffusi on of light of gas over electricity, quite apa.rt from any matter of economy, which, however, was rea.Jised to a considerable e xtent. Aga.in, Liverpool, with its own electric powe r-house , has fou nd it advisable to enter into a contract with th e loca.l Gas Company to unde rtake the lighting of its streets. In P'aris and Be rlin lighting is alm ost wholly done with inrandesce nt gas lamps. These instance s should dispose o.f any doubt as to where the advli!ntages o.f municipal li ghting, lie .

At the H ead Office of th e Metropolitan Gas Company, in F lindersstreet, are the largest and best e quipped showrooms of an y gas company in ·the world- so visiti ng expe rts asse rt. All the most modem and artistic gas fittings are d isplayed here- pendants, brackets, inside and outsi de lamps, globes, cooking stoves, gas fires. and trade ap" pliances and utensil s. Not onl y does the compa.ny sell burners, mantles and fitt ing;;, but fixes the rri in consu mers' premises, and sees to their proper maintenance and , repa ir. The sma ll charge made for this latter service, by a s.taff of skilled employees, well pays for itself in the saving of what: \Vould otherrwise be expense. D omesti'r cook ing offers anothe r wide field for th e company's operations . . No fewer than Is,ooo gas stoves are at present in use in as many homes, without considering the nume rous bre akfast cooke rs, grillers, b oiling bumer~, and the like so widely p:Uroniserl. Nothing· is. comparable with the gas stove for cooking purposes~ready for immediate use, economical (for one uses only what gas one requires, and pays only for wha.t one uses) and effi cient in the highest deg.ree. These advantages are fully recognised by the Victorian Government, who use gas stoves entirely in all their cooke ry classes in connection with the various . State schools ; also at the re ce ntlY-opened Continuation School, ~I elhourne . arra ngements have been made to tutor th e teachers themselves in the a.r t of gas-stove cookery. The company is fullv alive to the poli cy of encouraging by all means in its power the use of gas c ooking stoves, and, with this _end in view, lets them on hire at a nominal ch arge to h ouseholde rs, at the same time re-

I CI tammg a highly certificated demonstrator at their H ead Office tu educate the people to their proper use: These demonstrations are also held- from time to time in the va rious suburbs. The slot meter system is an innovation recently introduced in the muni cipal districts of Prahran and SL Kilda, and it has md with most generous patronage, the de mand at presen t being well ahead of the supply. Slot meters a re supplied onl y to non-users of gas in connection with a breakfast cooker and Welsbach ligh t. T o hark ba ck to the controversial claims of electricity and gas, menti oned previously in their municipal rega rd, attention is directed to the English Board of Trade returns. These show that the numbers of consumers, capital invested, total consumption of gas, and the purposes for which gas is used, ha.ve been, and are, still rapi dly increasing. The era does not seem far off when no home wi ll be co nsidered complete without its Welsbach bumer and gas stove; comfort, convenience, and economy are all at one in pointing that wa.y.

A NEW ENTERPRISE. What has been for many years <L long-felt want at the South Me lbou rne beach is short ly to be sup plied by that 1rell-kn01rn townsman, Mr. Willi am Gelling. For a long time South Me lbourne and Alb ert P ark yachtsmen and fishing parties have been compelled to go to St. Kilda ·and Port Melbourne to obtai n craft for their bay outings, and onl y one or two yachts occasionally plie d for passenge rs for short bay trips from the Ke rford-road pier, wh ile thousands of persons who would enjoy a sail on the briny, were boats available, have just walked up and down the Be aconsfield promenade. The idea struck :Mr. Gelling tha t if suitable boats were provided for the people, they would gladl y avai l themselves of the opportunity of enjoying a sa il in pleasant weather, and he has launched out, as it were, with a view of providing the public with the facilities for bay sailing, and adding another attraction to the already popular beach at South Melbourne.

Mr. _Gelling has provided three new strong and powe rful sailing boats, .and three rowing boats, which will be manned b y himself and capable watermen. The boats are name d " Ben-ma-chree," "Mona.'s I sle," " The Manxman, " " King Orrey," " Mona 's Queen," and "Empress Queen. " Every possible provision will be made for the comfort, convenience, and safety of the patrons of Mr. Gelling's fleet, and we trust that the spi ri ted ente rprise whi ch prompted him will meet with the due recognition it deserves. ·

J. AND T. EDMONDS. The business of J. and T. Edmonds, produce merchants, founded by the late J oseph Edmonds, was e tabli shed io 188r (twenty-four years ago). At tha.t time ample room was found in a little shop in York-street; but in process of time, as ·th.is bus iness increased, the place became too small, so that larger premises had to be· obtained, and a move was made to Coventry-street. On two other occasions moves were made for the same reason, U.t:Jtil finally to the large arid coii1modious building now occupied in Cecil-street, opposite the rnar]{et; tbey carry on ?n extensive trade in ·a·ll Classes of produce, ma·kir;g specialities of pota.toos and onions.

They are recognised in the metropolis as the largest buyers. Their sales show an average o.f over 2200 bags per week, 1290 being potatoes alone, whereas at one time it did not exceed so. They emplc•y six Yehicles in despatch. Their success is attributed to the f act that at a ll times they endeavour to keep f~th with their numerous customers.

162 B. H. BAKER AND SON. This business, conducted by Mr. H. J\. H. Grounds, the proprietor, was establ ished in 1852 by Mr. E. H. Baker, trading as E. H'.

Baker and Son. Th.e business has steadily and largely increased during the last six years, since it was purchased by the present· pro- . prietor. It is one of the oldest established businesses in Victoria, and the oldest in South Melbourne. The d ispensing dt: partment is up to date, aJld replete in all particulars. Eve rything appertaining to a first-class pha rmacy is noticeable, water fi lters, stills, etc. The supply of Parke, Da.vis and Co. 's standard preparations is a leading feature, by means of whi ch tinctures are gua ran teed of the strength ordered in the British Pharm acopcea. .Parke, Davis and Co. set themselves exclusively to the standardising of potent drugs, an alli~portant matter, ensuring the physiologica l acti on intended by the medical man, which in cases of life and death ~s a ll-important. The fihn has three assortments, and has la rge contracts for the supply of medicines, and they are large importers of druggists' sundries and toilet requisites.

F. J. E. MORGAN 'S DAIRY. A section of F. J . E. Morgan's attractive-looking dairy and cartyard is shown in our illustrations, also a path view of the old garden at the Thom astown F arm. The town premises are situated in Thistlethwaite-street, at rear of City-road, where the arrangements for convenience and sanitation are at once noti ceable. , The name of the firm runs like a coloured thread through the fabrics of the history of Melbourne's milk supply. A beginning was made in 1856, when John S. Morgan, after quitting a. rat-bored tworoomed tenement in Lonsdale-street, nea r Elizabeth-street, for which he paid £r per week, commenced with a cow or two on the fiat at Northcote. A yoke and two pails, in the old English style, was the system of carriage. Milk sold at rs. per quart, and the price of a newly-calved cow was £2o. In r86o the present head of the famil y carried two hand cans across the Yarra to the borough of Emerald Hill, his first customer being the Catholic Orphanage. By. this time the few cows yielded eighty quarts a day, but the price had fallen from rs. to rod. and 8d. per quart. This gentle man has now 250 cows in milk, and his daily output is 2400 quarts. · · ·' The retail milk trade, although. tightly harnessed to the varying troubles of changing seasons, lends itself as a delightful hobby-horse on which to mount the generous notions of would-be public benefa.ctors. Not a decade passes but some new and enlightened process is launched for the better treatment and delivery of this naturally wholesome article of food. In 1878 the ~mall retailers were startled by the gigantic strides of a new company, which threatened to speedily Unde r the happy auspices of press trample do wn ~Jl opposition. and medical commendation, it was welcomed as a public benefactor.

Householders waited in the streets to secure se,rvice. It rose amazingly. In two years 25 carts, groaning under heavy loads, took out a daily average of 4ooo quarts. Where now is this great Melbourne Milk S1upply Co.? It has closed its shop, and· gone out of business.

Even the place of its abode is lost to view.

Not s'o entirely forgotten are the wily schemes of two gentlemen of pious memory and . novel . procedure.

This enterprising pair threw new light on milk establishments and methods of delivery.

They created milk palaces in all directions. Horses and carts. ·were

I (i:)

discarded,- ai1d dandys (large cans hung bet11·een two wheels,--and puslied by· an .employee) were brought into use . At the moment -of writing dandy.s can onl y be found among the odd ments of a -marine sto re collect ion. The1· are not required in the trade, and their removal will shortly be fo ll owed by the retirement of the small ponies 1rhich superseded them.

These ·niilk 1·endors gave way in time to ave rt a disaster mono seiio(ls ·than ordinary conflicts of trade competition. In ~he yea r foi low ing 't'he ir departure, the feedi ng grounds of cattle we re bared to · the groun d by devastati ng bush tires. Forests and pastures in G ippsland were ab laze for weeks. At l\iorgan 's Epping paddock zoci o acre s of grass we re s1rept away in two days.

Dai rymen will " vC> r reme mber troub le s of '77 and '78. The milk supply fell by thousands of q uarts daily. Fa rme rs were drive n from. their holdings ; retai le rs we re compelled to retire from busi ness, yet the only incon,·e ni ence the comfortabl e householder ca n remember 11·as an additional pt'ilny in t he pri ce, and curt;I ilm.ent of Sun day's extra supply.

R eferring to milk quest ions of the future, our worthy fe.llow-citizen's ripened expe rience leads him to the belief that the rai lway supply, of which he is at prese nt independent, but on which the cih must ult ima.tely rely, 1rill remain in its present bad condi tion until milk is ca rrie d fro m the country in cars fitted with cold accumulators, and de,posited in a central fre<:>zi ng de pot, built by the Government for -its nccom-n:wda tion.

F'. ']. --E.' Morgan 's connection in South and Port follow through succeeding stages of family development, and will probably continue till -the dhil.dre.n of the fourth generation have grown up to take their places_·as <;turdy ci tizens of the South.

THE HALL OF COMMERCE. This leading drapery and clothing establishment was opened by the late Mr. Thomas Crawford, son of the late Robt. Crawford, who was one of the first contractors in the b).lilding of the St. Kilda pier, twenty-one years ago, who eight yea rs previously bought a small business from the late Mr. Crowl, in Clarendon-street, and, ably assisted by Mrs. Crawford, ca rried it on with such a deg ree of success that he _was e nable to launch th e " Hall of Commerce " on a. good sa:l;id basis, so that at the time of his decease, about four yea rs ago, the business was, and continues to be, a decidedly up-to-date, prosperous concern. Mrs·. Crawford still remains in the business, and is assisted by her brother, her two .sons, and a staff of assistants numbering in all about fifty-five.

ALBERT PARK BEE/HIVE. -Mr. J. M. Cashmore, the proprietor, is one of the oldest Victorian . natives, having been born in Collins-street in the year 1843, at Cashmore 's Corner, opposite the Equitable Buil:tlings, and has resided at Albert Park for the last twenty yea rs. H is fathe r 1ra.s one of the ea rly pioneets, and always took great interest in the welfare of the colon)':· Mr. Cashmore was for many years well and favourably kriowi:r at· the ·Beehive Clothing Establishment, in Me lbourne. His style of doirig business at Albert P ark is well known, as it · is run principai!y on tlie connec tion trade. His endeavour is to induce the public- to b'uy locally, thereby" saving mo·ney, ·as he has ncit the heavy

164

rents and other expenses incidental to a city business. Nothing but up-to-date goods are kept in stock, and customers may rely upon every attention.

G. C. MACGIBBON, For many years G. C. Macgibbon, of 239 Clarendon-str~et,- South Melbourne has been associated with the cycle trade, and has now one of the most important businesses in South Melbourne. The display of bicycles manufactured on the premises is convincing that work is e'lual to anything yet imported, and the name " Samson" on the leading line is known throughout this country as being beyond reproach. These machines are fashioned in many styles, with all Iatest ideas in free-wheels, twocspeed gears, shapes and finish . 'the workshops are fitted up with the most modem appliances, and controlled 1mder the personal supervision of Mr. Macgibbon . In no other suburb is kept a fmer stock of sundries and cycle req uisites. In the cycle racing world Mr. Macgibbon is amongst the foremost flight of riders; he has won many important events, including Castlemaine wheel race, Yea Whool Race, A.N.A. M~le, and filled places m Austral, Druid, Ballarat and Eight Hours.

KING'S BOOT WAREHOUSE. This establishment, at 207 Clarendon-street, was opened about twenty years ago, by Mr. J. L. Green. It passed into the hands of its present proprietor in 1897. It has alwa.ys been noted for the quality and style of its footwear, and that reputation has b~ more than sustained by Mr. A. King, in whose hands the business has largely increa'sed. Every desc ription of up-to-da.t e boots and shoes are largely stocked, and anyone visiting this establishment may confidently rely on being se·rved in a satisfactory manner.

ALBERT PARK MONTE DE P:IETE. .Attention is drawn to the plate of the Albert P ark Mont de Piete ---ppposite Albe rt Park Coffee Palace- which was established by the late S. G. Alexande r in the year r868, and is now being carried on b.y M:rs. S. G. Alexander, where a pretty window display of jewellery and plated ware may always be seen, and it is a well-known fact that it can hold its own with the leading city houses.

PURVIS BROS. The finn of Purvis Bros., wine and spmt merchants, situated in Clarendon-streat, is undoubtedly one of the leading business places of the city of South Melbourne. E·sta.blished about twenty years . ago on a smaller scale, it ha.s steadily increased year by year owing, in a great measure, to the energy and enterprise of the head of the firm, Mr. George Purvis, who not ·only mana.ges the business in South ~ ­ bourne, but manages also one of the largest and most successful farms in the Woodend district. This farm has gained _great repute on account of its many achievements in the way of impmvements in methods of lamb-raising and also on account of the prizes obtained for Clydesdale horses, bred on the farm, while the demand for Purvis Bros.' potatoes and wool are yearly increasing. We also understat'ld tha.t it was this, farm -introduced the seed d·rill to ·t he

1 Q.j

Woodend district. The South Melbourne establishment is particularly well adapted for a. good family and cash trade, and has extensive cellars, where wines are matured after coming direct from tlYe !Jrincipal vineyards of Victoria. At the branch of Hie firin, new impr6verileqts are constantly being made, and every advancement ·m ade with the times, th.e latest being that of working a coffee mill by motor-powe r, driven by electricity, and of making a good windo,w show of coffee in all its stages from the plant itself to when it is ground ready for use. A firm like this reflects gre-at credit on the city, as they supply only the very best of goods.

J. J. SNEJESBY. Commenced business in June, r887, near the river docks, South MJelbo.u rne, as a pattern maker and millwright, removing to Queenstreet, 'Me lbourne, where the business was successfully carried on till November rst, r88·8, when he purchased the " Standard " Engineering Works from the late A. C. Wannan. Many Government and private conttacts were there carried out ; 'n ot ably, the manufacture and erection of the machinery for the Van Schmidt Patent Dredg~ a.t Albert Park Lake, renewing and re-erection of engines and b oilers of Government steamer "Mystery," at Gippsland Lakes, overhauling and renewing engines and boilers of s.s. " Ethel J ackson," and the manufacture of the brick-making machinery used by the Blackburn Brick Company at Bla,ckbum.

The works adjoin the large sa.w-mill and joinery works of Mr. Janws Moore, which we re de stroyed by fire in May, 1893· Mr. Snoosby's premise s were also c onsumed, a s also a large quantity of useful stock patterns of ma chinery and drawings, the aC:. cumulation of six years ; this loss represented a large sum of mone y, the bu1ldings being Mr. Sneesby's own property, erected on le asehold, and, unfortunately, uninsured. T emporary premises dose by having been secured, business was the re resume d, and carried on for a period of tliree years, when it was. removed to the present premises at Clarke and H'ai.g streets, whe re it has been located nine ye ars. Mr. Snoosby has carried out many large contracts, including several large pumps for one of the Broken Hill mines, also one for the Lloyd Copper Co., Ltd., of Burraga, N .S..W., capable of raising: water· and siimes to a total head of sixty-five feet at the rate Of 501,000• gallons per hour; special ma.c hinery used for caulking the joints of the 30 feet mains for the Coolgardie (W.A.) wate-r supply; this contract had to be completed qui ckly, and necessitated continuous work by three shifts of me chanics, principally machinists, as also the installation of the electric light in the works, the current b eing derived from ~­ dynam.o driven by the shop engine . One important contra.ct was the manufa.cture and e recti on of iron; .staircases, lifts, and the whole of the drying gear for the laundry a.t the H ome of the Little! Sisters of the P'oor at Northcote, as also the cooling fans and driving gear of same for reducing the temperature at the maltings of Me ssrs. Barret t Bros., of Richmond. Specialities a.r e made of machinery fm glass bevelling (one plant having recently been shipped to Hong K ong'), and another to Sydney, also fruit-pulping and tin canister-ma.ki.ng machinery, such as stamping and lock seam pre sses, dies, and re• quisites of all descriptions. The number of hands employed rang:es from 1 0 to 2 0 , a.c cording, to the state of trade . At p'!'e sent Mlr. Sneesby is engaged making and equipping the Berry Patent Can Company's new premises, in South Melbourne, with the whole of their plant, which c·o mprises many pa.t ented m'a.c hines, capable of c1oin.g wonderful things in their respective lines.

IGG G. DAWE. George Dawe carries on business of · monumenta l mason, · at · 10 Lygon and Princes streets, Ca rl to n (telephone 2_4 66), at 1rhich pla ce he shows a large stock of all the la test designs in European granites and Italian marble. These des igns are d1rectly importe d by hi m from abroad, and can be s upp lied at fir st cost. . The re are always a good number of stone-c utter. at wo rk to execute all orde rs with promptne ss and despatc h. 1\lonuments, statuary, fo untains, church fo nts, tablets are manufacture d an d erected in any part of the 'State.

All kinds of monumental work can be done at th e l01rest possibl e rates, consistent wi th good 1rork. A great variety of designs can be submitte d and sent free on ap plication. T he Jubilee Memori a l Fo untain, erected for the City of So uth .Melbou rne, ~~-~l . des igned by the ma nager, G. H. H enderso n, nephe1r of t he propri etor, . and wa.s executed by them in the 1·e ry short time of 9 ~ 1re<:•ks, during whi ch time they ha.d to cable home to their home mam~ fa c t.ur er s fo r the four beautiful colttmns, bases an d caps of re d gra nite, ·which make s-uch a noble and artistic ad dition to the memoria l. The steps are all of blue stone, and axed, an d the remain·de r of grey H arcour t granite, axe d and poli shed ; tiLe fo nt is all of solid b ronze ; the total height is 23 ft. x 12 ft. 6 in. s quar e. Bronze ta ble ts 'have tne foll(ni,ing inscriptions on tht' m : - T he memorial 1ra.s unveil ed by his E xcellency Sir R . T albot, on the 24th Ma,·, amidst great en thusiasm, a.nd b }~ a representa ti.ve gath-e ring of the citizens, also• cou nci llors; the Mayo-r, Lord Mayor of the City of Melbourn e, members of P arliame.nt, and other public bodies. Th e memori al stands in fron t of the T own Hlall, and is a. nea t, as wel l as a useful df:'s ign of memorial.

On· the tablets are inscribed the fol lowing : - No. 1 tablet:' Thi s memorial is erected by the Mayo·r, councill ors and citizens of South Melbourne to comme mora tE" the jubil e of the city, and the departure of the several Victorian contingents who fough t the battler_ of the Queen and E mpire in South Afri ca. No . 2 ta ble t : Of ' tlle qo resi. d ents . of th.is city who left b y the sever a 1 contingerifs, the following lost their li ve. :- Major G. A. Eddy, Sergeant T . P. Mohan, LanceCorporal J. A. Smith, L ance-Corpora l R. T opha.m, Private C. Glinn, Pri vate C. .Moore, Private J. B. McCa nn. Pri vate J. E . White .

VI CTORIA VAR N ISH CO. The above company was. founde d by the late M.r. Alex. Bo·r thwick, in 1853, who had for ha lf a cenlury considerable experience and knowle dge of the manufacture of va rni shes, paints, etc·., and early identified himself with the pain ting and decorat ing trade of the· States.

The varnish works a.re sit uated i.n Sturt-st reet, South Melbourne, anrl the paint and dry colour 1ro rk s art" cond ucted at · their premise , opposite the Queen's Bridge. At both of these premi ses the latest improvements in all kinds of ma.c hint<ry have been added, and' the company is therefore in the i'rery best position to mafiufacture ·and supply ·every de scription of va rnishes, japans, poli shes, woo·d stain s. lacquers, dry colours (for painters anrl lith ograph<" rs), enamel paints, mix ed and · ground paints, antifouling compos itions, etc. They ha:ve been· for over .se ve nteen years the princ ipa l contracto·rs for va rnishes', etc.; for · the Vict orian Railways, whi ch contract they now hold ; they also supply, tmder contract, the Coommoni\'ealth and Vic tori an ·Governments, and do a large trade with the States · and· New· Zealand. · At the Melbourne Centennial Exhibiti on, 1888-9, thi.s company )'teld the · enviable position of beihg awarded th e onl y go.Jd med al for varnishes, in competition against the · known makers of the world ; ·aJso rec-eived numerous medals, including those of Phil adel ph ia:, Sydney, -Ji:obart, el:c·

167

MITCHELL AND McCAHE " To be well dressed is to be la rgely armed against unhq.ppiness," is the very telling motto of this firm of practi cal tai lors., who carry on an up-to-date business at 304 Clarendon-street. The members of the ~rm are both pra.c tical tailors, and have given so much satisfaction ,that No. 304 Clarendon-street has come to indicate the special advantage of buying there when in wa nt of Sac, Beaufort, Frpck, or Dress suits.

G. MITCHELL

Mt. G. Mitchell carries on a ladies' and gentlemen's tailoring business at 96 Bridport-street, Albert Park. H e was fnr many years employed as a cutter in Melbou rne, and has had twenty years' experience in the trade. By carefu l fitting and attention, he has built up one of the largest businesses in South Melbourne, and is, of course, a large employer of labour.

GIEO. E. NE.T'DLETON

Mr.

Geo. E. Nettleton, bicycle builder and repairer, carries ori busi ness at 78 Bridport-street. H e has been in business in Bridportstreet, Albert P ark, for about six yea rs . H e has an up-to-date plant, lathe s, drilling mac hines, and all the necessaries fo r building a. highlyfinished and well-made machine, at a reasonable price. The firm has the telephone (No·. 993), and the rooms are lit up with electric light.

The firm is now· givi ng its a.ttention to motor cycles and cars, and keeps petrol and oils, and everything connected with the motor trade.

Tt has two employees, one of them a hi ghl y-finish ed mechanic· in all branches. Repairs left in his hands are executed quickly and well.

DOBELL BROTHBRS The dairy business of Me ssrs. Dobell Brothers has been established for the past twenty-seven yea rs at 359 Clarendon-street, and the one object the finn has kept in view has been the supply of the pUrest articles of dairy prod uce. To sh ow how successful they ha've been, we may mention that they have had as customers ~o less than five State and three Commonwea lth Governors, J anet Lady Clarke, and many other notabilities. They obtain their supplies from some o.f the Lest dairying country ar ound Melbourne; D onnybrook , Gippsland and . e lsewhere, and have well ea rne d the ir success.

T. H. WHITWORTH

Th~. wholesale and re tai l grocery and wini and spirit stores .of ·Mr. T . H!. Whitworth are to be found at 11'7 and 119 Vi·c toria"avenuei Albert Park. The business wa.s established by Mr. Whitworth's late fa.ther th.irty-eight years ago, and i:s nnw the oldest grocery, wine and spirit business in South Melbourne. · Mr:- Whitworth,Tsenr., die d in 188_4, since which time his son has carried on the business up to the present period. He does wholesale and retail cash and family trade, and is sole agent fo.r the celebrate d brands of K angaroo wines and spirits, also the well-known brand of Scotch whisky, " GovernorGeneral." H e imports on ,1 large sca.l e, and buys local goods direct from the manufa.c turers, sa.ving middleman's pro:fits, nf which his customers get the benefit. He has six hands employed, and !flakes a special study of Australian (bulk) wines. Cq,ff~ an.d tea is a leading feature of the bus,iness. ·

J(j ')

LINDSAY AND WEST The well-known news agency and stationery bu siness ca rried on by .\1essrs. Lindsay and West, at 317 C la rendon-street, was established in r859, and is a smartly-conducted, up"to-date establishment. AdYertisements are taken for all Melbourne papers till 7.30 p.m. Stamps are .sold there, and it is a first:cJass house for sta ti onery of all kinds.

The agency provides all the weekly illu stra ted and sporting papers, English and co lonial comi cs, " Family H er:1 ld," "Family R eade r,'路 and English magazines. T l'i e " Age " an d " Argus " are delivered before 6 a.m., a very import:1nt feature for business men to consider.

11HIE STANHOPE CYCLE WORKS..

Situated near the Queen 's Bridge, these work s are recognised all over Victoria as the great centre for the s upply of che ap cycle stock.

This firm makes a specialty o.f buying largely at d earing ra tes, and retailing the various lines at amazingl y low pri ces. They purchased largely from the wreck of the ill-fated R.M.S. " Australia, " so largely that even at the p resent time the manage r, Mr. F rank Esmond, informs us they have som e hundre ds of pounds' worth of " wreck stock. " The goods, we are informed, we re in zinc-lined cases, and were not in the slightest degree d<tmaged. Cyc le stock . is always well packed by English ship pers, on account of the delicacy of the parts. They act as direct agents fo r manufacture rs. The B.S.A. Stanhope cycle, which is built to orde r at 拢13 Ios., is well known.

The tyres, free wheel, and enamel of this da.inty machine are guaranteed 12 months, and the brazing and workmanship three years. The Stanhope cycle is built in Australi a, by Australian workmen. The parts, which are made by the world-famous Birmingham Small Arms Company, are, of course, " imp orted," bu t it is hoped the day is not far distant when an Australi an firm will manufacture cycle fittings.

A fa.ctory would, if established in South Melbourne, be a great addition to its wealth. The B.S.A. Company employ about 4ooo workpeople; something like 7o,ooo square ya rds of s hopping are occupied j the m路achinery, comprising between 4ooo and sooo separate machines, is driven by stea m and gas engines to the number of 22 , and totalling upwards of 1200 horse-power ; an electric power plant, in addition, is driven by a 2oo horse-power gas engine, and three special engines and dynam os provide d ectric li ght for the establishment, and there is a complete installa tion of gas-making plant for power and lighting. The Stanhope Cycl e Fa ctory is well worth a visit, and visitors are always welcome, as the manage r employs no boy labour, and has nothing to con ceal. A glance inside the door of the shop, which is elsewhere depicted, will convince the reader that in South Melbourne is one of the most heavily stocked cycle depots of Australia.

T H. WRITWOR'fH & CO .

T. - H. Whitworth and Co., \Vhole sale and retail family grocers. brushware, tinware, dairy produce, etc., and wine and sp1rit merchants, are established in 386 Clarendon-street. The .business was started in 1867, and the firm do a ca.sh and family tra.de. The business increased to such an extent that, although nume rous additions were made to the premises, it soon outgrew the accommodation pro. vided, necessitating a removal to the present large and up-to,da te building. Besides being large buyers of goods in Australian markets, the firm make heavy importations from other countries. The heavy

169 stoc.ks carried often tax the capacity of the old premises, which are now, used as store-rooms. The firm rna ke a speci.a lty of dairy prD>duce. Besides bottling wines a nd spirits very la):gely under th.eir own ~ brands, they act as agents fo.r t he celebrate d 'Gove rnor-Gene ral brana of Scotch whisky.

PETER HAGUE This gentleman, of D orcas aml Cec il stre-ets, South Melbourn€', arrivecl he re in the )·ear r863, and .startect a business as plumher and gasfitte r, a nd also contractm-, in what was t hen caJied Eme rald Bill.

Mr. Hague has done extensive contracts un der Government, a nd in t he city of Me lbourne a nd suburbs, ancl has at times employed zo to 30 ha nds. M,r. Hlague has now tlw assist8 nce of hi s two sons in conti nuin g the business, whirh is a t hriving industry.

A. CUSSOLD Mr. A. Cl i.ssold, builder and de co.ra.tor, of 206 Park-street, whost> pre m1.s es a re illustra.tecl e lsewhe re, g ive s estimates for all kinds of altera tions and re pairs. H e has bet>n estab li shed fo.r ten ,·e ars. a nd his business has ste adi ly incre ase d. H e ha.s e recte d se~era l new villas in various s uburbs, and has a large connectidn in the suburbs .111cl c ity in renm·ati on work. and in decorating has 8arned a good rel'ut:ltion. A large staff of good 1rorkmen is :'mployed. a.nd a steady 111 crease of business speaks well for Ylr. C li ssold's management.

UNITED STATES TAILORING DEPOT. T he illustration of the U nited States Tailoring Depot, of 315 C larendon-st ree t (Mr. H. J. Solomon), South Melbourne, shows an up-to-da te establish ment. Their moclels of ta iloring are worthy of me ntion, for, notwi t hsta nd ing the ir e xceptiona ll y low pri ces, their 1rorkm il nsh ip portrays the late st features of fash ion, a nd the quality of material, comprising E ngli sh, Scotch, Irish, and Australian woollens. O n the ba les of material _ being received, it is all thoroughl y exam ined, a nd all shoddr stuff at once discarded, and sold to manufacturers of re ady-made· garme nts. The lacties' tailoring; departme nt is mJking a spe cia lity of costumes with some ex<:eptionally pretty styles, designed by thei r ow n cutters. Although onl y a. young finn the U nite d States Tailoring De pot is alread)- well known, a nd shows . signs (lf becoming one of South .\l e lbourne city's lead ing stores.

W. LEWIS Mr. W. Lewis carries on a bicycle fa ctory a nd sales-room business at 23~ Park-street. H e carries a large stock of la<;lies' and gentleme n's machines for h.ire, and has various second-hand bicycles, from £3 upwards, and stocks all accessories and sun dries. Mr. Lewis has had IS )·e ars' e xperie nce in the largest shops in t he Commonwealt h. a nd ca n therefore b e safely e ntrust" d with the re pairs necessary, eve n in t he best of bicycles.

COIMADAI HYDRAULIC GROUND Ll)'[E. Co:;mada i hyr. rauli c lime wils first used about f orty years ago on the Cast lemilj ne ril ilway line in the erection of the bridges and' culverts.

•' 1-70 For yea rs .the works we re ca rried on in a very p rimi tive way., an d ultim ately a bandoned on accoun t of the trouble in slackin g the lime after being burn t, it being a hyd ra ulic lim estone. Me ssrs. Al~ema·d e Bws. s e~ure d the prope,rt,y twenty y ~"n rs ago, a nd to m·ercome the · difficulty in sln ckin g t he lime they e rected extensive modern kilns and g rinding pla nt, a nd prepa red the- lim e fo r the ma rke t as a g round hyd ra.ulic lime, theirs being the fi" rst grindi ng plant on any lime works in Vi ctori a. After ten years of very ha rd perseverin g work, the lime is no w firml y establi shed on t he. ma r:ket, a nd unive rsa ll y admi tted a s being the onl y lime to approac h cemen t for setting.

The lead ing architects a nd e ng ineers specify it fo r work both abo Ye belo w the surface, in concrete a nd mo rta r, fo-r stone a nd bri ckwo-rk irriga ti on chann els and conc!'ete dwellings. It gives the g reatest satisfaction on accoun t of its hard :w d tenacious setti ng f] uali ties in any situ ation, wet or dry. ~ nd

HO NEYBONE A1 D SON Th is fi rm are rna·nuJa cturers of fan cy hats for lad ies an d childre n, and a re also ma nufacturers of b loc ks a nd appliances in wood, plaster and me tal fo r the trade . The business was estab lished in L ondon in r87 r , by Mr. Lud wi g H oneybone, a nd a bra nch was ope ned in Sout h Yl elbo u1ne in r88 4, and t he buil ding now shown as a public hall was ope ned as a facto ry in r887 , an d used as su ch till 19oo, 1rhen the ne 1r present fac tory was opened . T he old fac tory was ne wly fl oored a nd pre pared as a. p ubl ic hall, as. in use at t he present time. E mployme nt is found for from 6o tp _po han ds, a n.d the n.ew fa ctorY covers r 32 ft. 6 in. x 66 · ft. T he" ciq:iacity of t he ba ll is conside ra ble; it covers 8z ft. 6 in. x so ft. , an d has conveniences and, ante-rooms.

ALBE RT PARK ST EA M LAUNDRY · · Mr. H . B. Grey, th e propri etor of th e AlbeTt Park Stea m L aund ry, is a na ti ve of Victoria, an d • com me nced business in r889 in Albert Par k. Th e laund ry is sit uated in Mills-st reet, and our four illus tra tions depi ct the wo rk in progress in va ri ous dep a.rtments.

Steady advancemeq t has been m ade in the business d uring the la.st s ixteen yea rs, un til the present. wh en the best labou r-saving app liances ha ve been installe d throughout, ·making the l'a uild ry an absolutely up, to-da.te conce rn in e very resp ~~t _ capable of turning out the la rg.est o rders on short notice. The estab-li shmen t fa irly sh ows what energy and abili ty may do in t he good man age ment of a busi ness of t hi s chara.cte r, for it has come to the front by le aps an d b ound s. and t he re is nothing to · p revent the still greate r e xte nsio n of its trade in the city a nd SlJ burb s. Onl y t he hi ghest grade of wo rk is sent out, hotels, steamers, :t)ld . sh ill s be' n!.i 11' ~ i t e rl on , and veh: cl es goin g thf' roun d co n s t a nt]~· in city ·and - ~ub i:irb s . Mr. Grey e mploys twentv-five hands, a nd three or fo ur ve hi cles. W.o rk is a.l so ·c oll ected from the ra ilwa ys, and by telephon e mes sages the managemen t is appri sed qf customers' neecl.s at all hr;urs . P o11·er is prm·i-tle&-l:>y---a 7-h .p. stea m engine and large boiler and ironing mac h.ines. ste am mangle (the largest in Victoria, hf' ing 90 in. in le ngth), starching mac hines, dryi ng chest, and all the , most recent- additions in la undry faci li ties are to be found in the Albert ·P a rk Laundry;

l71 PAULIN BROS. One of the oldest businesses in South Melbourn e is that · ca rried <ill under the name of .P aul in Hros ., fruit ere rs and greengroctrs, L.lar'-n don -st red. Origi11ally louml ed by the late Mr. G. H . P aulin, in r8 59, and managed by him un til his death in r8gr, t he venture is no11· conducted by his so ns, Mess.rs. Charl es and Thomas Paulin, who, notwithstanding that compt'tito rs come and go, have comm anded the respect and custo m of a stead ily increasing connection. Owing to arr angt·me nts 11·ith gro1rers of many ye;ns' standing, they are e nabled to bu1· direct from th e produceTs. not onl y arou nd Mdboume, but in the f;Lmous Goulburn Valley, thus ensuring to the ir customers goods of th e best qu;1lity at re asomb le ratt->s. A cas ual glance at the shop windows gives t he immediate impre ssion that there is no ·attempt at ostentatious display, but that arra ngements are made so that one can see from the street the e xact goods they will be se rved with from within.

MR. GEO. HARNESS. Our interv ie 11· with Mr. Geo. Harness, t he loca l poster artist, portrait painter, at his studi o and work-room , z6o Citiroad, South Mel bourne, 1ras of a mo t interesti ng character. The wo rkroom, being 1·ery spacious, gives a mple room fo r some of the ve ry large and up-todate posters a nd signs whic h we se e to-cla1·. Mr. Harness showed us some of the latest styles o.f posters 1rhich 1rill be very shortly on the s-=1·era l hoardings and railway stations, a nd also some showmen's rosters, one of 1rhich Mr. Harn e s 1ras just completing. The ease with which he ha nd les the bru she s shows that he is an adept irt this class of work. as well as being at home in all styles of advertising work a nd poster painting. Afte-r brie fly showing us th_e various pro, cesses of poste-r \YOrk, from canvas to the complete d a.rticl~, we arljournecl to his private s.tudio, the re to look over some studies in o ils, and designs of b:1nners, and a lso a portrait of a local resident, J1t'ar comp letion, whi ch we hope to. see again.

AUSTRAL OTIS ENGINEERING CO . LTD. The works of th.e Austral Otis Enginee ring Co. Ltd. occupy an area • I - 8 a:-res, in the city of South 'd e! bourne. and emb racE' a very manifold e ngineering and manufact uring esta blishmen t. The company has a n authorised capital o.f .£zso,ooo. The managing director, Mr. F.· J. Eigby, ha s been :1ssociated 11·ith the business since its inception, and has watched over its growth fro-m Yery small beginnings. He has IL:cl ;1ssoci at ecl 1rith him fnr m~ny years as m'l)lager, :lvlr. H arry WiLson, togtt her with an efficie nt staff. During the past hjstory of th<J company, manr extensive a nd important undertakings have been successfu lh· acco mplished throughout Australasia. The e fforts of the company have been large lY de~' Otl:'"cl to the designing and bt~ilding. of high-class s.te am e ngines a nd pump1ng plants, amongst \l'hlch some of tht· most importa nt ma y be c ite d, such as t he Me lbourn e Metropoiitan Board of Works .s e·w8t,e engines, the Me lbourne tram~ay powe r plants, Mildura pumping schem~s, R ockharnpton, Sydney, Wm~­ rr e ra . and Menzies wate n vorks' p;,nnpmg plants, etc., etc. There ts .scarce ly an important industry or waterwo rks plant througb~ut the se ve ral States in which some ev idence of the company's sk11l and workmanship ca nnot be seen. The manufa ctures of the company are ve ry varied, and, in addition to their principal business just

17:.l

briefly mentione d, the y ar t as sole age nts tluough out Australia for some o.f the principa l Europ t'an and America n specialti es, notably :VIe ssrs. Ganz and Co., of Bud a. P esth, manufacture rs of ;til classes of electrical and fl our and oa tm ea l milling machine ry. The Wilftey ore concentra ting ta.ble s, whi ch ha H:: mark ed such a n advance in the art of tre ating mine ra ls; the Wilft e1· sfim e table, the Sh aw rock drill, etc.

The company are likewi.s.e agents in Virto ri a for the Chel msford motor o mnibuses, and ha.ve just effe<rtecl a la rge order with the Victorian Governm ent Ha ilways for the! supply of these vehicles. ln 1898 the Otis Co. absorbed the olcl ..establi sht'd busin ess of Langlancls' F oundry. which had been identifi ed with t he c ity of South Melbourne from its earliest days. This plant is specially adapted for the manufacture of wate r and gas rna in s, and has 'l: capac ity of 3001 tons of pipes per week. The 1ro·r ks of the comp any a re capable of employing 1ooo skilled wo rkme.n, and pri or to the adve nt of the Fe rle r:1l tariff th e Upwards of ave rage of the employees wa.s li ttle le ss thaJl tllis. £r,ooo,ooo has been distribu ted by the r ompany in wages since its i~1ception, and its de mands have assis te d many coll ate ral industri es .

J.

AND R. M cMIATIH .

Thtl hosiery 1rorks of Me ssrs. ]. an d R . MC'iYLath a re one of South .\tl elbourne's ne11·er, but up-to-elate, establishm ents. They have in use the latest mac hinery for m.anufa c turing knitte d goods, driven hy <tn e lec tric motor.

Since F ederati on t he trade has gone ahead by leaps and bounds, by th e op ening up of inter-State trade. The Jar kquare! knitting machfne, the onl y on e in use in the State, is a marvel of inge nuity for making up goods in fan c1· patte rns, and can be seen at work by t hos·e inteTested in ma chinery. The fashi onabl e knitted ve-sts, now so much 1rorn, a re made on this machine.

DONDEY A1\TD TESTRO This well-known fi rm of coppe rsmiths and still makers have carr ied out some of the largest coppe r contrac ts in Victoria- viz. , the Spottiswoode pomping station for the M. and M. Board of Works, and for the Alfred Graving Dock a.t the time of compounding the engines.

Last year they comple ted a larg~ contract in fitting up copper fee d pipe s-, e tc., for the new Stirling boilers at the City Councjl electri c li ght station. This firm have made a large number o.f wine stills for various firms, both in this a nd other Sta tes. They a short time ago comple ted one for the N.Z. Governme nt, and have also supplied one to the Dookie College, also the Ruthergle n Vitic ultural Co.Jlege.

They also supplied six testing s tills to the order of the South Australian Exci8e Department, also 12 to the Victorian Excise :Oepartme nt. The firm has originated se veral new ide as to assist those engaged in the wine- mak ing industry--to wit, wine cask fumigators, spirit safes and locks, with which no one ca n tamper without fear of de tecti on. Under contra ct the y have exe cuted a thousand pound job in both Houses of Parli ament in the· S.tate in cooki ng range, hot water servi ce, copper steam boilers, hot presse s, cooking ve ssels, and vege table steame rs. In Lucas' new P a ris Cafe, in Collins-street , Pare r Bros.' Crysta l Cafe, Bourke-street, the y have lately put in some ve ry important work. As the illustration will show, they ha.ve just finis-hed the fitting up of the new Savoy Cafe, Little Collins-street, with range s, grill, copper cooking utensils and hot wate r servic~. A.n important feature in their work is the manufacture of every descrip-

tion of copper and stee l utensils and steaming apparatus for cooking.

The partners in this e nterprising lirm, which was establislwd fifteen years ago, and which ca rries on its busines.s at 274 City-road, are .'\IIJE' rt D ondE>y and J ames C. Testro.

TYSON'S FURNITURE WAREHOUSE AND DRAPERY EMPORIUM. Visitors to South elbourne and tile public generally cannot have fail ed to notice the handsom e shops situaterl at the corner of Clarendon and ~1ark et Strel'ts, and occupied by Tyson's Complete Furniture Warehouse and lJmpery and Boot departments. In 1897 Tyson's opened business at 16:: Clarendon Street only, wir.h a somewhat limited stock, a nd then commenced the l.Hlilding up of the fiomishing business now carr·icd on by t hat well-k nrl\v n firm. After the first twelve month s the business W >LS exte nded to 164 and 166 Clarendon Street (which had been vacant for a considerable time), and still the business grew and iiourished under capable management.

When another year had expired tt furth er ex tension was made to 168 and 170 Clarendon Street, the premises then having a frontage to Clarendon Street of 76 feet and 40 feet to \larket Street. Tyson's then purchased the property extending from 162 to 17 2 Clarendon Street together with the five adjoining cottages in \I at·ket Street. The whole, ma king an extensive and valuable property, was then reconstructed and improved, and the frontage, which was somewhat dilapidated and an eye-sore, was tran~fonnecl into its present magnificent corner, replete with every necessary for household use and external bodily comfort and convenience, comprisin~ a valuable and wellassortecl stock to the value of £10,000, consisting of furniture, furnishings, se)ving machines, mangles, ca1·pets, linolemns, bedsteads, perambulators, go-carts, fioorcloths, copper boilers and frames; blinds, cm·tains, blankets, quilt ' , crockery and glassware, drapery, mantles, clothing, boots and shoes, and in fact everything fot· creature comfort and convenience.

Tyson 's are large importers direct from the manufacturers, thus saving the middl eman's profit and enabling them to place theit· numerou~ lines before the public at very low price~ fot· cash or on a liberal scale of easy terms to suit all classes. It is worthy of note that Tyson's started their enterprise with absolutely no connection, and by strict attention and sound business principles now boast. a connection of over 12,000 customers. Their numerous and efficie~t staff, noted for civility and attention to the wants of their clients, are fully able to cope with the ever-increasing business. Tyson's treat their clients most liberally, requiring no deposit ft·om old customers, who consequently return to them again and again and always recommend their friends to do the same, thus helping to carry on a most succe~sful business.

Tyson's have no connection with any other firm.

174

Wrn .

Ballantyne, Clar-endon

Cutler-,

255

Str-eet.

DAVIES, SHEPHARD & CO. , TELEPHONE 84-8 .

)1/aqufacfurtlrs of

WATER METERS, ELECTRICAL FITTINGS , &c.

Gear-Cutting of all kiu ds

Exewted.

Pressure Gauges R epaired aud Tested.

268- 27 0 CITY

ROAD , SOUTH

~l E LBO U R NE-