KUAN HE Work Sample 2016 - 2017
Academic
2012.1 - 2017. 9 Modeling the Light | Public Library Design GSAPP Columbia University | Studio Stella Betts | 2017.2 - 2017.5
8 Worlds | Housing Design Housing Project | GSAPP, Columbia University| 2017.10 - 2017.12
Hinge of Skyline | Conceptual Architecture Design GSAPP, Columbia University| Studio Project | 2016.10
Mountain Graph | Public Architecture Design Tsinghua University| Zhangjiakoou, Hebei Province, China | 2015.3 - 2015.6
Practice 2012.1 - 2017. 9 Mega Structure | Hanging Theater Columbia University | Green Point, Brooklin, NYC, US | 2017. 9 - 2017.11 Team Work | Kuan He, Conor Barry, Jamie Waxter, Yidi Yang
Pavalion Planted | Pavalion & Material Deisgn Tsinghua University | Beijing, China | 2012.2 Team Work | Kuan He, Xuechen Kang, Yuchong Liu, Mingwei Yu
Gallery in Valley | Cultural Architecture Design dEEP Architect | Chengde, Hebei, China | 2017.5 - 2017.9 Team Work | Daode Li ( project leader), Ding Kuai, Yuan Zhou, Yiying Wu, Wenmo Liu, Kuan He
Machincal Design | Chemical Apparatus | Won International Award Tsinghua University| Zhangjiakoou, Hebei Province, China | 2015.3 - 2015.6
Modeling the Light | P
GSAPP Columbia University | Stu
The strategy for this project of p is to rethink the relationship form. In this program, light is building, so the design process fo
Pairs of physical model is presented one hand, the light study makes mo the other hand, the reason why I do
Public Library Design
udio Stella Betts | 2017.2 - 2017.5
public library in Brooklyn, NYC, between light and architecture s a dynamic factor to shape the s is modeling the light to get the orm.
d to push the design, because, on the ore sence in models of real world. On o NOT choose the first, is as important
Light penetration phenomenone
Light penetration position
Physical ight casting model
Presedent Study: Light Ray Ray Casting Casting Strategy " I sense Light as the giver of all presences, and material as spent light. What is made by Light casts a shadow, and the shadow belongs to Light." Louis Kahn
Light in Space When looking in the lobby space of Isozzaki Library, Japan, the study is inspired by the expression of light filtering through the penetrable ceiling (II). As an untouchable physical element, light is always essential to characterize the space in different shade and direction. Since design always intends to shape the light by solid space component like windows, walls, columnes or beams, it's full of potential to opperate inverse, taking light of the main factor to shape the space.
Ray Casting
Light casting diagram according to time piriod
Casting 1 Day more operable for further steps. One light filtering in Isozzaki library's ceiling is chosen as the light casting prototype ( I ). Inverse to shadow casting process, in the physical model ( II ), directed sunlight is casted into solid, throught the whole space, blocked and chopped by physical elments in the space, which in the model is transparent to go with the " inverse" idea. The outcome is interesting, not for its unexpected, random-like form, but the knowledge that, the light design can be read as an attamept of shaping the light. Once the light is shaped in specific form, no matter how or why, the space can be define as a negative part of the light form, just like the concrete which is being cast into the place. This inverse operation gives a lots of oppertunities for further exploration of light desigan practice.
Practically, light casting is also a matter of time. In architecture, it always means the time when the functions happens. Back to the Isozzaki Library, the diagram ( IV ) draws a picture of the light period and its realted day time, and the volume ( Range ) change according to each specific time ( Intensity ). According to unified opening time in NYC district, the library project in Brooklyn should open at 10am each day, leading the light casting focusing on daytime after 10 am, the balance of Range & Intensity, varifying the light shape according to the functions to create variouse experiences, and how it interacts with people using the library.
Site Location & Concept
Design Strategy: the Third Vanishing point Model Pairs Light testing New Vanishing point The site sits in one of several triangle blocks in downtown, Brooklyn, with 3 main traffic routes going across, where in the main view we get two vanishing point . So to create a new vanishing point, I create a new perspective, and break the boundary both visual and physical, to attract people in, forming a filed of public reading.
Model Paris The strategy is to overlap perspective concept and light casting in the design, to do which I introduce Model Pairs. In each Pair, one factor is being tested and others remain the same. One of the modle in each pair is chosen for further development, and the next Pair is based on it. In Pair I, I chose the one with eries of slopes, the angle of which is defined by the sunlight at winter and summer solstice, to guarantee sun light the balance between light access and brightness in all seasons. The building is an open system to light and view. In Pair II, instead of create lyaers of flat floor slabs, I introduces same slopes into floors, to ensure the light goes deeper in the building. In Pair III, to break the solid mass overwhelming to the street, I cut a path through the building connecting the street at each side of the building
Pair I : Open to Light
Pair II : Introducing Light
Pair III : Open to Urban System
Pair IV: Structure
Light Test Besides pairs, extra model is created to test how the concept going. Model A tests prove the penetration of light which even go through the building get the back street. Model B is a section model revew the main component of the building. Sloping floor introduce light in and the path cuting through the buiding conncected streets from each side. The flat areas at each floor are set to be programs such as auditorium, reading room and reception. The central part of the building is open to skylight, where there is a narrow courtyard to enter. The Left part of the Section shows in each level, the direct sunlight goes different depth of space, providing varias light quality and brightness. Overall, from top to bottom, the sun light retreats, but even in the basement, direct sunlight is also imported in, providing profound light experience.
Model B: Section Model
Model A
Compromise: Explosure in Light
Light penetration is more about concept and experience. However, when facing the practical need of library use, such as reading and film watching in auditorium, explosure of direct sunlight has to be under control to make sure the brightness of the space is approprate for people using it.
Balcony
Auditorium
In this case, I cast obviouse to see ho part of the buildin layout.
the light again. The materialization makes it ow the ligh define the building form, and which ng is occupied when overlap with the program
The Casting Diagram shows the light condition in 5 parts of the building. Among them, the balcony get rich sunlight for people to enjoy the warm and view. The courtyard get sunlight in but not on the ground level, means people can stand in the shadow and read the sun location. Basement area are also lightened by natural light. However, for reading area and auditorium, the sunlight exlosure is far too much. According to Casting Perspective I & II, to improve people experience, a blocking system is in need, which can be achieved by structural elements and envelope design.
Courtyard
Basement
Reading area
Blocking System : Structure and Envelope
Interior Experience : Detail
After study I go back to first, to enclose my building and keep the balance between the faรงade area and light access. The faรงade also helps filter the light to create an acceptable brightness, so people read in the reading room with porperate brightness and see direct light reaching the slopes.
The detail model includes part of 3 different light conditions in depth and b relationship beween reading program an which people get reading space in appro the direct light coming in without interu
Physical Model Part I: Facade Blocking Light
Exterior Rendering: Facade System
Physical Model
Physical Model
Model Evidence
floors in the building , with brightness. This is to discuss the nd interaction with sunlight, in oprate brightness and can sense upted from reading.
Part I: Highest Level of Reading Area
Part II: Medium Level of Reading Area
Physical Model Part III: Low Level of Reading Area
8 Worlds | Ho
Housing Project | GSAPP, Colum Team Work | Poh
The project began with the inte it be that of people or of societ Looking into the Metabolists o influence, we are interested p housing in this flux of aging, n and subtraction, or ups
ousing Design
mbia University| 2017.10 - 2017.12 han Lin, Kuan He
erpretation that aging, whether ty, is a process, and not a state. of the 1950s as an understated primarily in the flexibility of namely the capacity of addition sizing and downsizing.
Site Anylize Diagram
Population aging is now a worldwide problem with nearly all developed countries. Although the aging degree in different group of people, area (such as urban and rural) varies, the same trend can be seen as the shrunkage of young people and continuous expansion of old population.
The site sits in south Bronx, which due to the left map (Persent of Residents 65+), is relatively less serious in aging degree. However, when we look into percentage change in right map, the site area is one of the places with dramatic aging processing. So the project has to work with this coming challenge, by providing solutions for people getting old
Operation : Subdivision
City Context
Subdivision
Courtyards
Fit to Footprint
According to the block and traffic network in the site, we divide the exsisting block into 9, to set a freedom of space and community organization. 8 type of living space is being tested in each block, except the middle one, the courtyard. So we study different living prototypes that have already existed.
Central Cou
8House, Singapore
Courtyard Housing
urtyard View
Units Considering these factors as the essence of the design, we move to the “part”—the unit. Inspired by the typical row house unit, a typology capable of variation through one direction, its length, our units operate on a structural grid of 5meters by 5 meters, or 16’ 5” by 16’ - 5”, where one dimension is always fixed to an axis as the other expands or contracts. Thus, each unit—the micro (5x5), the studio (5x10), the one bed-room (5x15), and the two bed room (5x20).
The Core unit, with a kitchen and bathroom. According to water and gas supply, Core unit should lineup vertically for pipes and ducks, which alos makes them the origine point of each apartment, or the Core; The Clock unit, with a pivoting flexible wall, producing flexibility for different program layout in the space; The Zero unit, with programmable open space.
Different Worlds : Typology
Then, as we turn to the whole, the grid of the unit—the structure—extends from the unit scale to the whole site. Within this system, we divided the site, a mega block of lost scale, with a nine square grid, forming, at the scale of a larger “part”, eight blocks, with one block void in the center, each connecting the site to its context, each at a unique location and orientation. On the other hand, at the whole scale, the nine square grid is a microcosmic view of the site, consisting of nine blocks, with our site in the center. The morphology here naturally led to the idea of a courtyard, containing eight different worlds, eight parts, with the central courtyard uniting the eight to create the ninth world—the whole.
In furtherance, to concretize and justify the presence of eight worlds, we investigated eight typologies in reference to their suitability to the site’s various factors; demographics, light and air exposure, orientation, context. Starting from the south-east corner going clockwise, the terrace, as the propylaea to the complex, the dormitory, for students, the duplex, for families in business in the neighborhood, the balcony, for single families, the micro-apartment, for day to night workers, the elderly housing, for elders, the single-mother housing, for single mothers in need of daycare and playground for their children, and, finally, to the courtyard that is the prototype. As the typical house unit adapts to these different typologies, changes begin to form in and out of the units, through the capabilities and necessities of the aging body.
8 Blocks : 8 Worlds Programmatically, within each world, the ground level hosts different spaces that diversify the world and its residents from the others. The third level, a continuous strip of open space, acts as the threshold that connects the residents of different worlds. Perhaps, for us, the housing project is not to design as simply as eight different worlds but to design eight “parts” that
together become the “whole”, each impacting another in symbiosis, each becoming a part of the other. It is, ultimately, eight worlds, at the same time, one—a micro urban, an archipelago of houses.
8 Worlds: 1 WORLD _Buffer Areas In sections it's obvious that area between each two housing typology plays a role not only diversify them but also connect them for the formation of a whole society, whcih means, besides traffic functions, the Buffer Area as a gap between houses also provide public spaces for indoor sports, relax and communications. The bottom part of the building is relatively tranparent to exterior space, introduce light, green and ventilation into the community.
Growing System Since metabolizing is one of our key concept, the building is set to be a growing system, which keeps being nurtured by people moving in when they use different type of unit to form their houses. The growing move is finally limited by the loading capacity of the structural framework by concrete beams and columns, but constructions by light material still happen on the roof.
hinge of skyline
2016.10 studio William Arbizu gsapp, columbia university The project sits at the Southwestern corner of the Union Square, Manhattan , NYC. The design is to break the rigid boundary of buildings and public space, with the meaning of bringing people from ground level to mutipul layers of urban activities. Movements happen within the building, they serve individually or together, in different order, responding to change of weather condition and people density, requiring calculate of every different situation.
Site Location & Skyline The building stands on the South East corner of the cross by 14th ST and University Palace ST, facing the Union Square, Manhattan, NYC. This city is in a great lack of open public space, so the strategy starts from the BOUNDARY between FLAT, OPEN square and ELEVATED, CLOSED buildings, which is a CLIFF visually and physically. So siting in the hinge of Skyline in different directions, the building is set to break the boundary to introduce interactions between building and open space, vertical urban exsisting and people.
Moving Parts While keeping the main mass of the exsisting building, the design is focused on the facade towards north to Union Sqare, where all the movement happen. The hinge of skyline is the conjunction of UNREACHABLE boundary against people. So to deconstruct the hinge, new layers for people's access and public activities, are introduced close to ground level.
Site Location
Moveable Facade
System Locomotion
Time Strategy All the movements with their amplitude and time are based on weather condition and need for people. The combination of these two factors constrains the strategy but also, creates a variety of the situations, enriching the system into an urban term.
Top Section
Time Strategy A single day is set for the specify the moving system. The sequences and lasting time of movements are results of combination of different factor withint this day.
Movement A
Movement B
ATTACHMENT TO ROOF
ATTACHMENT TO ROOF
Fist, to explore exsisting possible public space, the starting point comes to this reachable short building, so I turn the edge of my building vertically down to it, as a bridge across the street to connect.
Second, to provide a shelter for MOVEMENTA when it is rainy. The initial goal is to react the change of weather according to rain and sun. However, when the shelter moves away for good weather, I see a potential connection to somewhere else and new spaces.
ATTACHEMENT TO PLATFORM
THE RAIL AND ENTRANCE
THE RAIL AND ENTRANCE
Movement C
Movement D
ATTACHMENT TO ROOF
STAIRCASE SLIDING DOWN
Third, the MOVEMENT C to hold the connection and provide more space for pubilic activities when there is need. It contains party and other late night activities during rush hour. Also, when it rains, MOVEMENT C happens to serve as the canopy for the street below, with no link to the top of the canopy.
THE RAIL AND ENTRANCE
The MOVEMENT D happens when good weather and large amount of people during rush hour at night, providing a dynamic platform for all possible gatering.
THE MOVEMENT RECORDED BY RAIL
Mountain Graph | Public Architecture Design Tsinghua University| Zhangjiakoou, Hebei Province, China | 2015.3 - 2015.6 In this program in Wanlong Ski Resort, a new reception center is needed. Based on the research to isohypse lines of the mountain , a new methodology comes out to achieve the best location and geometry form of the new building, which are logically reasonable, function abundant and environmental coherent.
Hebei Province, China
City of Zhang Jiakou
Chong Li District
Site Master Plan
The location of the reception center brings a conflict bewteen building and skiing routes
Solid boundary block the scenery outside, which is a serious waste of the viewing value of the site.
The huge volume of hotels nearby is spoiling in the overall environment .
Site Master Plan Zoom In
Solid Box The initial reception building sits at the end of the skiing routes, the location brings a conflict bewteen building and skiing activities The exsisting building talks nothing with the circumstance. Column-grid produce no flexibilty for people with different need in the space, while solid boundary block the scenery outside, which is a serious waste of the viewing value of the site.
Casting Space in Valley The strategy is set to make building form coordinate to the mountian site, creating a field of free form space instead of a solid mass with explicit boundary
Talk to Nature The overall building geometry merged into the topography, especially in winter season when most activities happen. All traffic system outside the building is also within this geometry system in which the enter ramps are carved on the mountain surface.
Chong Li District
The location of the
Solid boundary
The huge volume
ELEVATE
reception center
block the scenery
of hotels nearby
mountain to
brings a conflict
outside, which is
is spoiling in the
construction
bewteen building
a serious waste of
overall environment
and skiing routes
the viewing value
.
of the site.
sample isohypse line
curvature extraction
expand curvature into vertical dimension
Ruler is set t
functional sca dimension in
turning points,
2
Sample isohypse line
Curvature extraction
Flip curvature into vertical dimension
process is com
ARE CONSID
olume
ELEVATE the architecture to the
While cutting in the mountain body
PENETRABLE boundary reduces the
In order to obtain more functional
earby
mountain to reduce the conflict bewteen
requires more efforts and higher costs,
magnitude of the architecture volume,
spaces to meet the need of tourist, the
n the
constructions and skiing routes
new architecture should ADHERE to the
allowing landscape outside penetrate
adherence happens in an opposite
moutain.
into interior spaces
direction. The architecture volume
nment
reaches the maximum in the CANYOIN.
Ruler is set to control the size of geometry into
Series of isohypse lines are under culculation and
Controllable shape is produced based on the basic
functional scale. The shape is scaled in one vertical
series of control lines are produced. Specific control
logic to reach the maximum functional volume in the
dimension in which there is no change of trend or
lines are selected manually to loft into controllable
biggest canyon region of the mountain body. This
turning points, ensuring the properties of the shaping
shape.
process is an experimental one, which means series
process is is complete. THE NEW PRODUCED Ruler set to control theLINES scale geometry ARE CONSIDERED AS CONTROL LINES
for further programs. The shape is scaled in one vertical dimension with no change of trend or turning points, ensuring the properties of the shaping process is complete. The new curves produced are Control Curves.
Series of isohypse lines are under culculation and series of control curves are produced. Specfic control curves are selected manually to loft into controllable shape
of choices of lines andshape shapes tested. based on Controllable isare produced
the basic logic to reach teh maximum functional volume in the biggest canyon. This process is an experimental one, meaning series of choices of curves and shapes are tested
After culculation on the isohypse lines, control lines are produced, indicating the overall trend of the mountain body and the best possible location of the geometry of new architecture.
Parts of the control lines are beyond the mountain surface, showing the relatively suitable locations for the new architecture.
Based on the part of the mountain selected, part of control line are selected according to the selected region of the mountain body
The overall conditions of construction site and traffci system
Traffic route towards the mountain for skiing people and tourists.
The relationship between the selected location
Acroding to the methdology, different selections of control lines result in different geometry. Final geometry is selected out of group of tested shapes. The final one is better in location, size of functional spaces and coherence to the environment .
SECTION a-A
Nature Indoor Unlike formal building, the new visitor center is not constructed by layered floor slabs. Instead, the building form along with inside space is inclined on the mountain body, create a sense that the building itself is growing out of the mountain. Majority of the mountain surface remain intact on which natural plantation is kept., the building is loosely defined without solid boundary. So within the shell, people can still feel and even touch the nature.
SECTION B-B
SECTION A-A
Euonymus Japonicus
Clove
Chinese Pagoda
Mulberry
Albizzia
Metasequoia
Cedar
Tree
SECTION A-A
Interior Rendering I
Mega Frame The huge open space inside is defined by the flowing surface, inside which people feel walking inside a montain. Structures are also in organic geometry to mimic the trees
Interior Rendering II
Transparency The shell is constructed in truss - frame structure to reduce the magnitude of architecture and to save the use of material. Plantation indoors is allowed in every season.
Mega Structure |
Columbia University | Green Point, B
Team Work | Kuan He, Conor B
The Greenpoint Theater locates on the entire Block 2590, B Based on the zoning code, all services are require
The primary program is an open, large, versatile theatre space with presentations, music events, concerts year-round. In addition to the the facility is colosed, and a multi-use Studio used by local
Hanging Theater
Brooklin, NYC, US | 2017. 9 - 2017.11
Barry, Jamie Waxter, Yidi Yang
Brooklyn with an approximate square footage of 24,000 SF. ed to be above 4 feet high which is the flood line.
a capacity for 300-700 people. The facility will be used for dramatic main space, an open-air space which opens to the public even when l artists and community groups are included in the project.
Concept: Public & visually transparency Footprint Transparency is a key concept in the design of Greenpoint Theater. From this need the form of the building is set to be pulicly open and giving the main parts flexibility to act as space-efficient places. We proposed a building where beneath the main part of the theater (auditorium and restaurant), there was a free open space flexible according to the needs of the outdoor shows or market. To maximise space and concept, services on gournd level ( entrance, foyer. loading area) are banished to two sides of the perimeter. As the architectural form of the building evolved, particular attention was paid to its structure system, by which a hunging movement could happen steady. Also visualy, the envelope system of the Main Mass is senced in both exterior and interior spaces, enriching the experience for people when enter or stay. So the Main Mass, which is also the hanging mass, should be visually separate from other part of the building, leaving each side visible for people. In this case, the gap between each parts is maintained as an outdoor buffer zone with small enclosed bridges linking the building for funcional integrity. The parcel is arrow shape due to the exsisting storage building adjacent to the site. So we leave the main mass out of the corner to purify the concept and fit the other (Servise Zone) to the footprint.
Mega Structure: Hanging system For the Main Mass, we proposed a hanging system composed by 8 Supuer columns and 3 type of trusses (Top to bottom: T3, T2 and T1), which are at different levels to hold floor slabs. T3 and T2 are both top truss but we shift the primeter truss (T2) downwards below the roof to hide them. Therefore, people on the ground level can't see T3 or T2, which reduced the height of the hanging box visually. T2 and T3 are connceted to Super columns and connected vertically by posts. T1 holding the bottom of the mass is connected by hangers from T2 Servise Zone is in formal steel framework by columns and beams, which also helps the hanging structure resisting shear force. As a result, Greenpoint Theater became a clean grouping of boxes, almost floating in feeling – an effect enhanced by the stepback of Service Zone and teh height of the open space beneath the Main Mass
Programs Layout : Sections Plans Section
Plan (Next Page)
In the Main Mass, the hanging system creates several levels of spaces, which are (From bottom to top) outdoor open space, column - free space, free and atrium space.
Main Mass in plan is senced as a pure square shape geometry giving space to flexibility such as moveable furnitures in restaurant and seats in auditorium. The central area of each program is in special consideration, because the T1 are connected by hangers which penetrate the floors to the T2. So we on the one hand put main program out of that area ( Dinning zone in restaurant, Stage in Auditorium), on the other hand we take the central area as axis to achieve symmetry in each program layout.
Therefore on level 1 we sink the ground to produce a undefined place for public activities such as market or outdoor shows, and it remains occupiable 24 hours each day. The level 2 is set to be restaurant, in which the central part with hangers is the main stage for band performance. The Level 3 to the roof is a nearly triple height space for auditorium and stage. In Service Zone, the program is planned to face the practical need in Main Mass, scuh as HVAC system, Loading dock and other transportation are specificly planted to maximum the efficiency and save space.
Service Zone is stepback to the adjacent exsiting building, halfway surrounding the Main Mass, providing reception, transportation, electracity, gas and water for kitchen, backstage and control room in every program. The completeness of the program is maintained by bridges, one of which is for staff and loading and the other is for visitors.
1st Floor
2nd Floor
3rd Floor
4th Floor
MEP: Zones Due to specified demand in HVAC in each program, we divided the building into 8 zones with individual AHU unit. All units are planned in Service Zone, along with intake rooms, boiller, chiller and generator. All the air duct and water pipe goes to Main Mass through the roof of the bridges, keep buffer zone clear.
Envelope System (Next Page) : Adaptable Louvers Auditorium space needs to be enclosed without direct natrual light in, while restaurant, studio and lobby asking for full view and brightness. Since different space requires different light conditions, it is crucial for our facade system to be adaptable for different exlosure of sunlight. The adaptability is by twisting aluminum louvers. Where there requires light (Restaurant, studio, lobby, office, catwalk level and mechanical rooms asking for air exhaust )the louver twists to perpendicular to the facade, leaving gaps to introduce light in. when there is no requirement of light (auditorum, mechanical rooms), louvers twist back becoming pannels on the facade to block the sun. From the elevation, the twisting move can be read. Twisting louver facade is contiunous across Main Mass and Service Area, making the whole building visually integrity.
Double Layer (Next Page) : Louver connection Behind the louver system, we also introduced one second layer of facade to enclose each space. For restaurant and studio, the second layer is glazing wall with mullions which connect the louver pannel with knife plate. As for auditorium and mechincal rooms, the second layer is wall board with insulation foam fixed on metal studs, and louvers are conncected on metal studs also by knife plate.
Air Riser Diagram
Water Riser Diagram
Elevation I
Elevation II
Louvers Phase 1 : Louvers & Glazing Mullions
Louvers Phase 2 : Louvers & Metal Studs
Joint : Structure details Connetions is designed to serve overall structural system. While there are hundries of ways to do, we tend to simplify each connection according to purify the form and indicate the fact that structure follows the architectural need.
Pavalion Planted | Pavalion & Material Deisgn Tsinghua University | Beijing, China | 2012.2 Team Work | Kuan He, Xuechen Kang, Yuchong Liu, Mingwei Yu This project is to give people the sense of its original material. Architecture is not meant to be an artifical container, it can also be planted as the material once did. In this Bamboo Pavilion, we did not build it but instead, let it grow on the ground, by reducing the use of industrial material and simplify every possible connections.
Pavilion in Nature: Bamboo's signiture Implantation & Tenacity
Chinese Icon
symbolic meaning of tenacity and moral integrity, which comes from its high rising, boney look and its durability through all seasons or eavn extrem climates. No later than 5th Centry the Chinese literaties has already held the tendency to put Bamboo in fine art to characterize certain atmosphere in which the people gather, making poems or even retire from the world. This concept of bamboo and the fever are too strong that in modern society, Bamboo is already recognized as the symbol of Chinese culture.
Chinse has been long time in the fevor of Bamboo for
Bamboo as Material
Besides its cultrual aspect, the combination of stiffness and flexibility is the major triger of the use of Bamboo in this pavilion, which is inside a tinny loose forest where any form of columnes or other artificial holder are spoiling its natral property. In this case, the arch is providing the best possible system to form long span, columnefree, open and nature space.
Formation of Form The landing point is the use of exsisting 5 trees in the site as the standing point of bamboo to span.
Distance between each pairs of trees are rational to be the span of each side of the space. Differ from the natural condition of Bamboos with deep roots into soil, when implant bamboo into the site, the condition of "basement" has to be issued. In this case, a fixing system is provided by one circling basswood pannels ( the Pannels ) around each tree, which has holes for Bamboo to fix in, providing stability against horizontal forces. When the bottom of each Bamboo dig into the soil, we chooped several bigger Bamboo with slightly larger diameter into short pipe ( the Pipes ), half burried into the ground. As the Bamboos insert into the Pipes, the symilarity of two diameter stucks them tightly, help against the upwards pulling force.
Installation of short Pipes and Pannel have to be simultaneous because the Bamboo has to insert in Pannels and Pipes at the same time and the Pannels needs the Pipes to stand on instead of crumbling to the ground. Each Panel is asembled by for pieces in same dimension for installation to the tree, each piece has to be largely overlapped with the other and pinned tightly to stand the strong horizontal forces. After Bamboos fitting into the position, spanning work takes place against the stiffness of the bamboo. More than 50 pairs of Bamboo baned to each other at the top of each span and connected. Another group of Bamboo go along neally horizontally, connecting each pairs of bamboo, providing bracing force against the distortion or falling of spans.
Stand Long and Still The construction takes less than 5 days, which is a short period of time compared to its nearly 1-year-long stability throughout seasons and extreme weather, before demolishing work instead of collapse. During a long period of snowing season, the thin, boney body of Bamboo gets rid of extra weight of snow accumulation. However, Panels transformed its accumulation into pushing force downwards to maintain the basement fixness, playing a fatal role of holding the entire system The main challange is brought by water. Since basswood has limited water repellency, it distores seriously after long time of raining or snowing, because of which rotations of Panels
inevitably puts strees on the stability of the whole structure to warp spans and braces. The unexpected effect of time is the implantaion of the Bamboo reinforced, when the soil "clenched" the Bamboo roots deep down, give this structural system one more biological property.
Back to Nature Compaired to the artificial designed form right after the construction, a different picture is drew months later, in which crumbled pannels, irregular spans of Bamboos give a sense of natrual planting instead of manual implanting, indicates the main concept of the pavilion, which is, the Pavilion Planted.
Although the Nylon cable ties connecting bamboos is the only element remaining arthificial apperance, they also indicates the concept of planting by its relativily small, easy operated feature as the only material outsider to the nature.
Gallery in Valley | Cultural Architecture Design
Intern in dEEP Architect | Chengde, Hebei, China | 2017.5 - 2017.9 Team Work | Daode Li ( project leader), Ding Kuai, Yuan Zhou, Yiying Wu, Wenmo Liu, Kuan He Model Making, Plan Making, Interior Design This project is to create a diaglog between Parametric Architectural Form and Traditional Chinese Architecture and Cultural System behind it.
Siting in the valley, the building is designed as a part of the environmenta system, which fits to Chinese ancient philosophy of human and nature, which is: What Human Built is Detailed Nature.
Maste Plan of the Resort & Cultural Center
Site Strategy: Program Layout Plans Planing
Interior plans
The Cultural Center in Fenghuang Valley is the landmark of the big governmental project including a mountain resort and new residential district around it. All the buildings' layout is free formed along with the mountain valley, and the Cultural Center it the end of this building cluster, siting in the middle of valley, which is at the highest altitude.
The interior space layout is driven by the topography and building form. Each floor is varing in scale and shape, leaving spaces with different height and with visual conncetion, which creates a relatively light, transparent and vivid interior. To maximum the light use, we put lobby and dinning hall on the higher level while all the back of house and service room on the first floor.
Plan of 1st Floor 01 -1F 平面图 SCALE 1: 100
Plan of 2nd Floor 01 1F 平面图 SCALE 1: 100
Plan of 3rd Floor 01 2F 平面图 SCALE 1: 100
Structural Test The structure system sits in the bottom of the vally, extending into mountain body for continuos interior space. A plane platform at bottom is introduced to hold the whole system, piles in the soil, fullfilling the mountain cavaty and provide an ocupable outdoor space. Several curve steal beam are constrained by straight ones perpendicularly intersected, held by shear walls at each side for a clear, columne-free, atrium space in the middle.
Plan of Structural System
South Elevation of Structural System
Axon0metric View of Structural System
Physical Structural Model
Facade System & Material A glazing facade system is applicated to maximum the light and view while series of short pieces of bamboo louvers is used to block some light for spcific area, such as cafe and lounge. The explosure of steel frame would feel cold and impair building's consistency with nature. So we use wood panels to cover them, leaving the space warmer and more friendly to visitors. Also, timber and bamboo are the dominant material for Chinese ancient architecture. So the application of these materials also creates a dialogue with past.
Roof The building form is dominated by the curving roof which is a reflection of mountain curves in the site. After the form created by curving beams, we introduce the roof surface with roof tile, which is also a signiture element for Chinese architecture. Roof tiles are jointed on the aluminum square steels fixed on several layers for insulation and water-proof.
Machincal Design | Chemical App
Entrusted | Tsinghua
This project is entrusted by Professor Zh Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua Univ and visualize an original chemical appar competition, which finlly wins
According to confidentiality agreemen chemical work, but what I did get was the along with a microscope. The apparatus sh chemical materials, and a moveable pa micro
paratus | Won International Award
a University | 2016.6
hang in the name of his research team in versity, Beijing, China. The job is to design aratus to join the international chemistry 2 international Golden Awards
nt, I was NOT told about details in their heir ask for a two - component - apparatus hould have complete streamline to transport art to operate easily for them to use the oscope.
Component I The Component I consists of 2 parts. The top one is receptor for chemical ingredients (liquid), and press them downwards. The bottom part is sorting the liquid into series of containers and extract them for futher operation.
Electricity Electrictiy support is made by several portable power supply. They are designed into modular boxes which can be fit into the components easily without worry of mixing.
Component II This component consists of 2 same boxs taking liquid from component I, after ionization reaction happens inside the box, researchers will observe the output by a microscope through the boxs.
Operation : Sliding System Sliding rails are introduced into the operation deck, allowing Box A & B moving to locate right below the microscope, which hold the sliding rail horizontally. Box A and B seat on the aluminum panel sliding with the rail, that these box are moved togather instead of individually.