c
c
thank you Rod Hyduk Nancy Hyduk Roddy Hyduk David Axelson Chris Johnson
c Chelsea anne hyduk, leed ap chelseahyduk@gmail.com chelseahyduk.com B.S. Architecture University of Michigan 2010 M. Architecture Columbia University GSAPP 2015
Studio Archive Train Station Health Clinic Housing Bank Pool Toilet
01 17 33 49 65 81 89
Technology Design Precedent
98 106
Urban Bangalore, India Detroit, USA
114 122
Fabrication Dress Screen Pavilion
130 134 138
Value Engineering Breaking the art world’s conventional systems of value
Advanced Studio VI, Spring 2015 Critic Galia Solomonoff with Amy Moresko
1
Inhotim, Brazil
Harlem, NYC
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Bernardo Paz
Value Engineering breaks the conventional systems of value currently existing in the art world. Over time, the art world has become a private space - one that turns its back to the greater public. Art, however, has the ability to promote and engage public participation. A new type of collector has emerged within the art world, one blurring the line between collector, curator, and dealer. This new figure appears to hold the most power in breaking the public/private barrier and challenging the existing value system in the art world.
Site Condition
Stefan Simchowitz
Through the design of archival spaces for two such collectors, Bernardo Paz and Stefan Simchowitz, architecture facilitates a connection on site, while also providing ample conditioned archival space and abundant public space. The vastly different locations of the archives, as well as each collectors various future goals prompt two projects: one in Inhotim, Brazil and the other in Harlem, NYC. Bernardo Paz has created a public park, Inhotim, for the display of his art and botanical collection. Stefan Simchowitz has created a digital presence of his collection via social media. He is interested in promoting young artists quickly - helping them to overcome the traditional hierarchical systems in the art world. The rolling hills and moderate climate of Inhotim, located in central Brazil provides a vast expanse of land to integrate a collection. The infill site in Harlem is located among a block of residential row houses providing an opportunity for a public digital collection.
Site Condition
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4
How is value determined in the art today?
“Promoting Canvases” pre -19th century example Art Critics & The Academy in Paris
“Endorsing Careers” mid-19th century example Dealer-Critic System
I began my research with an interest in the existing value structure of the art world -- an understanding that since the pre-19th century Academy in Paris, the divide between the private art world and the greater public has grown exponentially. As a result, artists are blindly traversing an intricate maze of valuation -- spatial mechanisms with minimal transparency (diagram p. 6), and even less consistency. A hybrid dealer-collector-curator, many times with little-to-no prior art affiliation, embarks on a venture to break this system for the benefit of him or herself, the artist and/or the public. As an example of this misalignment of value that the collectors are trying to break, in the comparison of two art ranking websites - artprice.com which deals with the economy of turnover at auction and artfacts.com which deals with the economy of attention - sixty living artists were ranked on each site, only fifteen held the highest rankings on both sites. The disparity in auction and attention reveals the varying value appeal of different artists to collectors (diagram p. 7). The new breed of collector warrants a new type of space. The traditional white cube (diagram p. 7) no longer applies. Art critic Brian O’Doherty states in an essay “Inside the White Cube”: “The ideal gallery subtracts from the artwork all cues that interfere with the fact that it is “art”. The work is isolated from everything that would detract from its own evaluation of itself. This gives the space a presence possessed by other spaces where conventions are preserved through the repetition of a closed system of values.” left: interior rendering of Bernardo Paz’s archive in Inhotim.
“Promoting Canvases” pre -19th century example Art Critics & The Academy in Paris
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The traditional spatial mechanisms for generating value in the private art world are no longer enough. Value is determined by engaging the public.
Social Media
Museum Store
Auction Houses
Fairs
art valued as investment & luxury good
art valued as fetish & leisure activity
value? Critiques
Prizes
art valued as intellectual endeavor, lifestyle, & occupation
art valued as museum attraction, media story, & evidence of artist’s worth
Artist’s Studio
Publications
combines all mechanisms
art as excuse for words, something to debate & promote
Archive
art as stored value
Library/Study Space
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Public Art
The Two Economies of World Art adopted from “the Market” by Natasha Degen
Example of a ‘white cube’ gallery Gagosian Gallery West 24th St. NYC
frosted transom windows and skylights ambinet light from above
replicated space from 21st street part of a system polished floor clinical cleanliness
white walls eliminate awareness of outside world
non-descript street facing facade closed off from the street
private offices, meeting rooms private space > public space
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Two business models relate to the accumulation of physical and digital archives for each collector.
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Inhotim physical model
View from Archive 01 to the site of the beginning of Inhotim
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By connecting and blurring at each site, the traditional white cube gallery space is subverted. A range of participants are offered the ability to manipulate their personal experiences.
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more site specific art and architecture!
art art
art Bernardo Paz continued expansion and site specific learning
2015
inhotim opens to the public
2006
art becomes site specific
2002
new collection
begins collecting utopian landmass mining magnate
born in brazil
art
Stefan Simchowitz collects, deals, curates
begins dealing art begins collecting art
1995
1980 1973
1950
size of collection
more dealing! more social media! art
art
2015
1999 1995
moves to LA to become a film producer
1990
born in South Africa
1970
size of collection
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Archive 01 Mining Years: Books & Papers
Archive 02 Early Art Collection: Paintings & Mixed Media
Compressed Archive vertical shelving carousel
Expanded Archive vertical shelving carousel
Compressed Archive rolling rack art storage
Archive 02
Archive 01
Site of Inhotim’s Beginning
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Expanded Archive rolling rack art display
Archive 03 Inhotim: Art & Architectural Drawings
Compressed Archive drawer drawing storage
Expanded Archive drawer drawing display
Archive 03
Bernardo Paz’s Home
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t t r ee 136 th s
support
Production & Re-Production
Production digital archive organization and promotion
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Digitization
Re-Production permanent items from impermanent art
Public Plaza space for art installations
Electrochromatic Facade digital art display / window
electrochromatic facade
+3 digitization/digital dealing
+2 digital archive
135
th s
tree
t
+1 meeting
0 public plaza / re-production space
Public Plaza & Electrochromatic Facade -1 digitization/exhibition
Archive digitizing the deals
Archive digital collection
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The Chipset Island Project Pairing Silicon Valley’s future transit hub with a digital escape
Advanced Studio V, Fall 2014 Critic Laurie Hawkinson with Leigha Dennis Partner Abraham Bendheim
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By providing a place of escape hovering above the density of the Silicon Valley transit hub, travelers and commuters are introduced to environments that bring their awareness to their bodies, consciousness, and present experiences. At the center of the tech hub of Silicon Valley lies Diridon Station - a rapidly expanding transit hub serving a local and ever expanding international community. Based in projections surrounding the High Speed Rail’s rapid development in California, Diridon Station’s projected transit additions including the California High Speed Rail, will increase ridership and visitors. What do these travelers need most in these densely packed transit spaces? Places to rest and restore. By providing an “island” floating above the intertwined train tracks, the public wellness center consisting of a gym, preschool, pool, cafe, gardens, and workspace provides an architecture that cultivates spaces that refocus our attention away from our devices to our bodies, consciousness and community.
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“We’re getting to a place where we might as well still be here and not on vacation because we’re disconnected from the things which make life worth living.” - Matias Duarte Fast Company November 2014
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An architecture that pulls the public out of “cell trance�.
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Map 1: via car Santa Clara County
Santa Clara County
Map 2: via public transit
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Investigating the existing urban condition through mapping digital and physical networks Electing Open Cartographies, the visual studies course, allowed for the exploration of maps as a supplemental urban research tool. Maps on the opposite page investigate the existing and proposed transit catchments surrounding San Jose’s Diridon Station. The map on this page suggests the disconnect between the digital and physical networks surrounding the station. Investigating the larger urban networks reveals the project’s two main inter-dependent goals: to create a densely connected transit hub complimented with a space of disconnect.
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Interpreting interface at historic Diridon Station Branden Hookway’s 2014 book “Interface” states: “The interface produces a supplementation and augmentation of agency; this is also to say that the interface comes into being as it is actively worked through by its user. At the same time, by imposing itself as a condition necessary for the expression of human agency, the interface comes to define human agency. The defining is also a kind of subject formation or subjectification, in which human agency is brought into compatibility with the interface. While the functioning of a machine interface is certainly defined in part by the machine with which it interfaces, its essential nature lies in being a threshold condition. What most define the interface are the processes by which it draws together two or more otherwise incompatible entities into a compatibility, within which the operation of the interface, and from this compatibility produces an overall governance or control.” Using the existing Diridon Station and the proposed transit elements, the drawing depicts existing interfaces and proposes potential interventions giving the traveler or visitor an agency within the transit hub. The speeds of movement and development charged with joining regions at lightening speeds are now charged with creating the infrastructure that connects people.
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One enters the island via one of five vertical portals this begins the escape. “Please enjoy the absence of cellular service and wi-fi beyond this point.�
Portal 1: Rejuvenate
Portal 3: Meet
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Portal 2: Think
Portal 4: Engage
Portal 5: Play
Consolidated Transit Hub Plan, -20’
VTA Light Rail
Amtrak & Caltrain Above High Speed Rail Below
Bus station
03 01
02
05 04
BART
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Island Plan, +20’
Meet Exercise
Eat
Think
Nap Enter
Enter
Enter
Play
Relax
Swim Learn
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Entrance to the island space above
Chipset transit space below
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A doubly curved thin shell concrete roof system is punctured at distinct moments to provide light and air to the spaces below and serves as a unifying element of the island’s various programs.
Double Curved Roof
Skylights (Open Air & Glass)
Visible Circulation
Louvered Facade System
Accessible Circulation
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summer sun winter sun
South Section
East Section
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Amazon Field Medicine Providing health and future fulfillment in Japan
Advanced Studio IV, Spring 2014 Critics Toru Hasegawa and Mark Collins
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Field medicine mobilizes patients within their communities, providing personalized care through a series of distributed aid components. With substantial amounts of consumer data already on file, Amazon Japan envisions personal health data (as acquired through monitoring technologies such as the Nike fuel band) as the premise for a shift into a specific health and wellness market. These wearable technologies will become the means to mobilize the population, including the growing elderly population, to participate in a holistic medical economy at localized clinic spaces provided by Amazon’s on demand “field medicine”. Personal data construct the on demand network of clinics based on local symptoms. Currently, Amazon Japan’s available quantity of health products matches that of books and electronics. The “health and beauty category”, as labeled on the website may be better labeled as health and wellness and has grown to include everything from dietary supplements and sports equipment to pace makers and thermometers. The range of products showcases the desire for a more holistic medical approach, which necessitates an aggregation of these sampled experiences. Japan’s Universal Health Care System, established in 1961, has been the backbone of the medical system’s high efficiency rates and overall low cost. However, the google reviews shed a different light on the situation. Field Medicine experiences aim to accommodate for the short falls in the current hospital-based medical system.
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In home care nurses further ostracize the already immobile patients, creating a lack of authentic interaction, resulting in a secluded health experience. Instead, Amazon Field Medicine mobilizes towards a collective. Current future: in home care drones ostracize patients
Projected future: Nurses meet patients half way
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Void Setup() { creates components & loads associated scores }
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Void Draw() { assesses buildable land & scores total construction }
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Component taxonomy
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The processing code samples google earth pixels of available land in Tokyo and decides where to build clinics. Through a scoring of the population’s health and wellness needs, the type and quantity of needed components are built on the available land. Components are called in reaction to local symptoms, allowing for a flexibility of construction and an integration of experiences through the joining of multiple components to create a variety of spaces. Architectural variables propel the construction of each clinic. The internal building logic of the components sets neighborhood requirements based on the called component, which aim to predict further ailments. Although modules most clearly want to be surrounded by like kinds, they require various supporting typologies Reactionary components, for instance, desire ample restorative components, since nature and views to nature help speed recover time and the typical architectural components like stairways can be replaced with multiple patient lifts, moving patients through the space.
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Components deployed to various sites
Components returned to site
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Scales of the current systems
100000’ x 100000’ Regional Geographic Systems
100000’ x 100000’ Mass Transit Systems
10000’ x 1000’ Self Guided Urban Systems
1000’ x 1000’ Local Urban Systems
100’ x 100’ Product Systems
10’ x 10’ Social Systems
100’ x 100’ Product/Service Systems
10’ x 10’ Social Patient-Doctor Data
Scales of the projected medical system
1000’ x 1000’ Local Urban Mobility
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A doctor-patient communication comparison reveals the lack of individualized personal care being offered to Japanese residents.
United States
Japan
Japan Proposed
Ohtaki S, Ohtaki T and Fetters MD. Doctor–patient communication: a comparison of the USA and Japan. Family Practice 2003
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Google reviews reveal the issues
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Housing an Urban Pedagogy Education engages the community through housing
Core Studio III, Fall 2013 Critic Rafi Segal Partner Stephanie Jones
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Housing offers the city more than private residences, it provides a platform for education. Situated on a site isolated from the rest of East Harlem, the project seeks to mediate the issues of safety, security, lack of amenity, and disconnection from other neighborhoods through the merging of a k-8 charter school, public library, and 300 residential units. The school, and its multi-purpose spaces provide the foundation from which the housing community can grow and thrive. This union of program helps to eliminate local risk (theft, assault, etc) and strengthens the user’s association with the site and community by giving the residents a sense of accountability and guardianship. Spaces are activated through an intersection of the multiple programs. Leaving the security of one’s apartment or classroom, but still belonging to the social order of the ‘public’ area rejects the solitude of living in a big city while still maintaining the possibility for personal expression. Organized by the filtration of light, both school and teacher’s housing allows a plasticity of forms and solids which creates a constant fluctuation of light and continuous activity. This landscape of fissures, gaps, and separation of volume create a spatial richness that facilitates diverse vertical communications.
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floor 7: housing
floor 6: housing
floor 5: housing/public
floor 4: housing/library
floor 3: housing/public
floor 2: access
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to housing tower
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In order to design for the constantly evolving local schools, it is necessary to understand a variety of pedagogical methods from which these schools are drawing.
Traditional Classroom
Education serves as the base, both literally and conceptually, for the housing project. The surrounding Harlem neighborhood is the site of contemporary pedagogical experimentation through an intervention of a variety of charter schools. In order to design for the constantly evolving local schools, it is necessary to understand a variety of pedagogical methods from which these schools are drawing, including but not limited to the Montessori method, Waldorf education, Reggio Emilia, and the flipped digital classroom. The design of the school, then, requires a series of flexible spaces easily manipulatable by the teachers, administration, and students, giving each group ownership of the school. This research later sparked a 2015 William Kinne Travel Proposal, with classmate Nyssa Sherazee. The proposal aims to further understand various European pedagogical methods through travel to their regions of inception and observation of their architectural associations.
Montessori Classroom
Flipped Digital Classroom
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A taxonomy of sectional sequences is used as a way to re-humanize existing urban conditions. site pedestrian passage_movement vehicle passage_movement
barrier_safety, direction, privacy
buffer_noise, dirt, nosy neighbors process_holding, contemplation exchange_extended access
threshold_committed access
potential_undetermined futures holding_vehicles, municipalities leisure_exploration, restoration recreation_physical activities water
off limits_no movement
The transformations and fluctuations at the scale of a building, can be read as a series of strips providing the genetic coding for unique configurations of movement, leisure, and life. Living environment is not defined by the planner, but by the actions of the people who occupy it. Therefore, we identify our categories by the way we interact with them, not necessarily as they were intended. A tree line which blocks out noise, dirt, and the prying eyes of neighbors, becomes a “buffer.” The sidewalk, implying directionality and movement, converts to “pedestrian passage.” And the zone which connects a doorstep to a sidewalk— the stoop—is interpreted as “exchange.”
5th Avenue 125th street 0
500’
57
The gallery on the ground floor blurs the public/ private boundary. The city engages with the school and residences here, facilitating layers of experiences and exchanges between members of the community.
floor 1: gallery
floor 0: school
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60
The housing floor plan shows the distinct neighborhoods created with a library at the center. Light and air guide residents through the housing blocks to their units. typical housing tower floor plan
typical housing block floor plan
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ground floor plan
classroom floor plan (below grade)
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Re-banking Debt Re-mediating debt through penance
Core Studio II, Spring 2013 Critic Mabel Wilson with Zachary Colbert
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Re-bank does not reject the current banking system; instead it re-negotiates the relationship of capital and human skills and trades. Re-bank shifts the burden of debt from the individual to the democratically owned and controlled credit union. The program focuses on a controlled network of credit union and debtor’s prison. Unlike a traditional debtor’s prison, the poor will not be unwillingly jailed and disciplined. Local members will engage with the debtor’s prison, seeking a debt consolidation loan. As collateral for default on the loan, the debtor agrees to offer services to the local community based on their profession or trade, while being under the control of the credit union. This system allows members to develop professional relationships within the community while serving their time. Once the debt is paid off, the debtor would remain a part of the credit union utilizing the savings accounts and small business loans, and additionally have the opportunity to be an educator within the prison to incoming debtors. Re-bank in downtown Brooklyn is one manifestation of this system. The duality of the program plays out through a series of scaled and rotated modules. Modules stack to form cores, containing building services and virtual points of access serving the various workshops. The inherent tension of bank and debtor plays out through the push and pull of the skip step arrangement vertically. Each program is constantly monitoring the other as the digital realm constantly monitors our every move, through subtle overlap and sometimes unrecognized viewpoints. The hierarchy is confused and the interiority of each module workshop becomes the focus upon circulating through the thresholds of program.
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Re-bank is a depository of local knowledge within densely modulated classroom spaces - bankers pay off their debt by sharing their skills with the local community.
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Stack
Aggregate
Twist
Dimension
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The last debtor, interior view of debtor’s prison.
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floor plan 04
floor plan 06
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Material studies first explore the concept of module with a binder clip. The properties of tension, compression, and continuous void run through all the investigations, ultimately translating to a programmed push and pull within the building.
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deform
expand
shear
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deflect
bend
load
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Using studio as a prompt for Advanced Drawing and Representation II, a sectional drawing machine investigates the interiority of the system generated from the material investigation.
view 1.0 type: two-point perspective lens length: 22.65mm
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view 1.1 type: two-point perspective lens length: 7.55mm
view 1.2 type: perspective lens length: 22mm
view 1.0
view 1.1
view 1.2
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Bodies in Space Engaging transition in a natatorium
Core Studio I, Fall 2012 Critic Paula Tomisaki
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Under the ritualistic notion of pool preparation, channels provide a perceptual experience leading to the act of swimming. In order to maintain a clean odorless pool, showering before entering is necessary. In order to use the pool, one must change into proper attire. In order to keep the pool sanitary, using the bathroom prior to swimming is essential. These tasks, when completed in a specific sequence, form a ritual that prepares the user for the experience of swimming. This experience at the pool begins when the visitor chooses a channel and becomes encompassed by ritual space, the channel gives them definition within the building. Channels integrate circulation and ritual program into a wholeistic experience. The four channels have an exterior appearance that has a similar formal expression. A steel structure contains a perforated panel skin opening and closing with the change in internal program. The sequence of space within each channel is articulated differently. The visitor’s gender, age, and demographic is not important, but rather the intention in their visit to the public pool. Each visitor’s experience prepares them to participate in the various communal pool destinations.
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Between the density of the city and the serene experience of the pool, preparation channels provide an intimate transitory space for all ages.
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Gender and the Bathroom Breaking the unconscious gender barrier
Core Studio I, Fall 2012 Critic Paula Tomisaki
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The public toilet becomes a gender neutral hub defining specific sit, squat, and wash facilities through enhancing the sense of sight and smell. In breaking the unconscious gender barrier typically defining public toilet design, Sit, Squat, and Wash creates three distinct spaces based on an assessment of needs (type of excretion, hygiene, etc) rather than a specific demographic (i.e. ladies and gentlemen). The public toilet becomes a gender neutral hub defining specific sit, squat, and wash facilities through enhancing the sense of sight and smell. The three facilities are arranged around the plumbing wall, which works as a potable water, grey-water, and sewage transfer system and grey-water storage mechanism. Three facilities adjoin to this wall, offering dynamic spatial aromas that invite the user to linger or expedite the process based on their perception of the joint spatial qualities of sight and smell. By integrating these two specific senses, users will remember the hub for an extended period of time, than if solely one sense was activated. Smells are diagrammatically mapped in plan and section in an effort to quantify their intensity, odor, and migration both on the site and within the spaces of the public toilet. A different material, based on its qualities of fragrance and visual appearance, is applied to the interior of the sit, squat and wash spaces. As the formal qualities of the zones overlap, so do the smells activating new sensory experiences.
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Architectural Technology Developing an understanding of technical-utilitarian systems
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Capezio Dance Headquarters A multi-programmed office space in the Bronx
Architectural Technology V, Spring 2014 Critics Robert Condon & Russ Davies Team Louis Jin, Kate Reggev, Nyssa Sherazee
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2
Second Floor - Industrial Processes 4
Fourth Floor - Research and Design
6
Sixth Floor - Studio
D1.3
100 D1.5
D2.2
D1.1
D2.3 D2.0
D1.0
D1.6
floor 08 116’-0”
dance studio level 50” duct sox system
floor 07 88’-0” office level active chilled beam system
floor 06 74’-0”
office level active chilled beam system floor 05 60’-0” office level active chilled beam system floor 04 46’-0” light industry level forced air system floor 03 32’-0” light industry level forced air system floor 02 18’-0” lobby level forced air system floor 01 0’ - 0”
The new Capezio Dance Headquarters required spaces for the design, manufacture and testing of dance apparel and shoes in one multiprogrammed building. Capezio Dance Makers, one of the largest dance apparel and shoe manufacturers in the world, has relocated their offices and production to a new headquarters in the Bronx. The seven-story headquarters accommodates all stages of manufacturing and use of Capezio ballet shoes, including design development and administration, manufacturing, and practicing and performing. The client’s affiliation with dance prompted the concept of a floating box. Anchored by four concrete panel clad cores, the exterior facade is wrapped with an expanded metal mesh screen. The cores project out from, and above the rest of the building providing a strong contrast to the lightness of the mesh facades. In the evening, the glazed punctures are revealed, creating a softly glowing structure. A ground floor cafe and performance space create an inviting environment for employees and visitors; the second and third floors are devoted to the industrial process of shoe manufacturing, and the fourth, fifth, and sixth floors provide ample office space for administrative employees. The double-height seventh floor functions as an open studio space with smaller classrooms on the east and west, and the rooftop provides another opportunity for performances and gatherings. Although these areas are programmatically distinct, a southern stair weaves back and forth across the facade suggesting physical movement of the body through the facade.
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D3.3 Diagonal Connection Axo
S2.0
102
Structural Axonometric
D3.5
Cross Bracing to Column Connection Axo
D1.2
North Wall Roof Detail
D2.3
South Stair Soffit Detail
D1.7
Swiss Pearl Roof Detail
D1.6
East Wall Soffit Detail
D1.0
Typical Mullion Floor Connection
D1.8
Swiss Pearl Ground Detail
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ps cli n r lio o ul te flo m e & ncr gle o co n t a L- tach at
1
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Exploded North Facade Axon
l& s ca lion rti mul e ” v al x 7 ont 3” riz o h
to ch tta s a ps n ca lio n ul lio m ul ical m rt ve
ch tta sa e ub s d t lion an ul ls l m e n a an rtic -ch e U to v ” 3 esh m
ed
d tru ex 4” nels 1 x pa 4” esh m
Two inter-connected facade systems allow for variation in architectural expression from day to night.
expanded metal mesh glazing
horizontal mullion u-channel
3” metal channel bolted to mullion baseboard/mullion cover mullion attachment
The two systems: a curtail wall system composed of aluminum panels and glazing constitutes and a mesh panel system, suspended 3’ from the facade by a series of metal channels work together to diffuse interior light, adding to the glowing affect of the entire building. In contrast, the four cores are covered with Swiss Pearl precast concrete panels accentuating these elements, alluding to their functional use.
firestop
pour stop
poured concrete floor on metal deck
mesh channel attachment on vertical mullion W21x50 beam fireproofing
W36x135 girder with fireproofing aluminum panel metal stud
gypsum board drywall
The fenestration openings in the facade, in conjunction with the cores, are a play on the building’s scale. The large “windows” span between two floors at various instances. The details of the enclosure and cladding convey the integral approach of structure and enclosure, celebrating the structural steel on both the interior and exterior.
D1.4 Mullion & Glazing-to-Panel Detail
+8: 116’-0” +7: 88’-0” +6: 74’-0” +5: 60’-0” +4: 46’-0” +3: 32’’-0” +2: 18’’-0”
E1
North Elevation
E2
West Elevation
E3
South Elevation
E4
East Elevation
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Physical model: bottom plywood formwork
Physical model: top plywood formwork
Physical model: rockite tetrahedral pour
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Kahn’s Tetrahedral Understanding the systems of the Yale Art Gallery
Architectural Technology IV, Fall 2013 Critic Chris Andercola Team Louis Jin, Kate Reggev, Nyssa Sherazee
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1. wood planks placed
2. bottom tetra formwork
3. tetrahedral rebar
4. top formwork placed
5. beam rebar placed
6. additional beam formwork
7. concrete poured
8. formwork removed
9. air & electrical ducts placed
10. acoustical ceiling in place
11. top rebar placed
12. concrete floor poured
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glass block
49 courses
+57’10”
Although the fascination with the geometry of the ceiling dominates popular discourse, Kahn never resolved the connection of this particular system with the other building systems.
54 courses
+45’11-1/4”
+8’8-3/8” 3-wythe 4” brick
54 courses
stainless steel tie back 6” vertical chase 4” brick (interior) limestone drip edge
54 courses
+19’5-3/8”
29 courses
+6’2-3/8”
-6’5”
-12’5”
The tetrahedral is the basic module of the building’s structural system. It also provides an organizational grid of cavities for electrical, mechanical, and acoustical systems. By emulating the construction sequence through model and render (previous 2 pages) we began to understand the disconnect between systems. For example the tetrahedral is cut in half at the moment it meets a beam or facade. The overall clarity of these issues is seen in the RCP on the following page. There is no relationship between the modularity of the tetrahedral and the columnar grid. HVAC Systems Steam heat from Yale University’s grid is provided to the building and moved through the mechanical core into the mechanical penthouse. It then enters an expansion tank and unit heater to regulate pressure and is then piped down the supply risers into the radiators. The radiators line the building envelope and, along the South wall, are actually integrated into the wall cavity. This is especially important when noting that the cavity walls contain no insulation making the wall one large radiant heating surface. While this is inefficient in terms of heat loss, it is beneficial for maintenance of the masonry wall because it prevents cracking. Ventilation occurs almost entirely through the mechanical core. On each floor four return ducts, one from each side of the mechanical core take return air to the mechanical penthouse where some is reused and some exhausted. Chilled water is also supplied to the building and travels through the core to the mechanical penthouse and into air handler units, AHUs. Fresh air is taken in through the louvers on the south wall of the penthouse into a plenum and distributed down the core to the individual AHUs. Fresh air and some return air is taken into the AHU, filtered. Heat is removed through the refrigeration cycle with cooling coils. The chilled air is then dispersed through ducts in the ceiling of every floor.
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Cooling System fresh air intake air handler blower chilled air intake plenum
chilled water supply/return
Return System blower toilet exhaust return
Heating System radiator expansion tank & unit heater supply riser return riser
steam return building steam supply
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Reflected ceiling plan 0 5 10
40’
Section A-A
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Urban Investigations Developing an architectural agency at the scale of the city
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Waste into Public Space Bangalore’s urban residual space engages community
Studio-X Mumbai Workshop, Winter 2014 Critic Jyoti Hosagrahar Team P.Agarwal, T.Cotton, M.Hartmann, A.Hsu, I.Hume, A. Ousler, R.Riss, N.Sherazee
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Billboard frames, now re-imagined, are stripped of their facade, no longer presenting any fantasies or fictions. Bangalore displays its living self to it’s living selves. It is within these frames, that true public life can keep happening. Bangalore, once a provincial town known for its gardens, has emerged in recent decades as the Silicon Valley of India. A thriving metropolis of nine million residents, the city houses hundreds of multinational firms like IBM, Microsoft, GE, Bosch, and HP. In recent years vehicular infrastructures have transformed the city. While public spaces and parks have woefully diminished, Bangalore has acquired vast areas of non-descript, under-utilized, and unfriendly ‘wasted’ spaces beneath and around these spaces. In recent months the city has also been battling a crisis of solid-waste management. Bangalore generates around 3600 tons (or 7.2 million lbs) of garbage daily from residential and commercial establishments. The studio looked at ways that ‘wasted’ space and materials can be re-used to create positive urban spaces. As a demonstration, the workshop identified a key space under the Anand Rao Circle Flyover to be realized as an example for future interventions.
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Pavers Granite Chips Aglaonema Bougainvillea Monocotyledonous flowering plants Orlander Phillodendron Ceylon
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Left: The site before and after construction at Anand Rao Circle. Above: The frame play-scape in construction.
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Industry Heats Detroit Industrial by-products reshape a waterfront
Man, Machine, Industry, Fall 2013 Critic Sean Gallagher with John Barrett
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2015 add soil amendments, organic matter, phosphates, and biosolids re-establish historic Tailings Pond as the source for wetland to the West remove soil from highly contaminated areas, cap with concrete
Rouge River filters 2017 wetlands planted with anthoxanthum odoratum, metal tolerant grass species natural flow of rouge river filters through the landscape add soil ammendments, organic matter, phosphates, & biosolids
2022 install fan condensors, water heaters, and pumps to reach island anthoxanthum odoratum, metal tolerant wetland grass species
pedestrian access 2025 establish pedestrian access west follow topography to river for filtration, hottest baths at highest grade natural flow of Detroit River filters through landscape
positive waste heat 2035 establish pedestrian access north follow topography to river for filtration, warm and cold baths
pedestrian access
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Rather than suppress the last remaining industrial facilities in Detroit, the project proposes a re-consolidation of operations granting the public access to previously private spaces.
dowtown Detroit
intervention site: Zug Island
Industrialized communities are prevalent in every corner of the world today, and as a result the global population is now more urban than rural. Over the next century, existing and developing metropolises will have to re-consider traditional relationships between industrial and public territories in order to accommodate and sustain an increased level of demand for space and services. Industry Heats Detroit focuses on one of the last remaining industrial facilities in Detroit located on prime real estate along the Detroit River, US Steel. The plant is re-calibrated to capture waste heat and re-mediate the polluted landscape of Zug island. Initial site strategies, develop long term brown field clean up on Zug island and natural water treatment of the rouge river, later to be transformed into a public thermal bath: a health retreat for local residents linked to the downtown’s expanding river walk.
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1. Planning Strategy
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2. Sourcing the By-Products
3. Heat Availability and Applications
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Fabrication Material research through making
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Human Enhancement Wear what you spend
Body Craft, Fall 2012 Critic Amanda Parkes
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yearly spending tracked
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end of year physical output
pattern/style understood as public symbol of spending
As the notion ‘you are what you wear’ converges into ‘you are what you spend’, the receipt dress creates a physical output of our tactless digital transactions. The term human enhancement refers to any attempt to temporarily or permanently overcome the current limitations of the human body through natural or artificial means and apply it in relation to a current physical, intellectual or social scenario. Sometimes these limitations push past the physical and engage with the mental. As the notion ‘you are what you wear’ converges’ into ‘you are what you spend’, the receipt dress creates a physical output of our tactless digital transactions. A years worth of receipts manifest in a public display of spending, heighten the wearers’ fiscal awareness.
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Blasted Bending Wood’s physical properties exploited
Property Based Design - Wood, Spring 2015 Critic Scott Marble with Nathan Carter Team: L.Ayala, K.Reggev, T.SingChi,
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Red Oak
Plyboo
White Oak
Maple
Douglas Fir
Pine
White Oak
Red Oak
Red Oak
Red Oak
Douglas Fir
Douglas Fir
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Through a combination of abrasive blasting and steam bending, the project exploits the material integrity of wood. By combining sand blasting with steam bending, the project focused on a series of tests exploring the early and late wood, as well as fibrous qualities of various wood species. Ultimately standard Douglas Fir lumber was chosen as the installation material for its low cost, easy procurement, and unique grain. The installation’s precision and focus on detail gives the viewer a second read of the traditional material.
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Tensile Integrity Nodal Assembly A vaulted plywood tensegrity structure named TINA
Fast Pace Slow Space, Spring 2013 Critics Brigette Borders & Mark Bearak Team: B.Liu, N.Allen, C.Anderson, J.Barrett, P.Crupi, M.Park, K.Nguyen, A.Sunga, S.Talcott
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tension members connect “sets” of boomerangs vertically into “columns”
compression joint screw guide tension member guide
and horizontally into “rows” shape determined by nesting pattern and member to member connection
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Boomerang Location = column; boomerang number; group placement; TINA is a double-curved and vaulted plywood and steel cable tensioned structure. She is composed of 600 unique ‘boomerangs’ that are fastened and tensioned into arches. The aggregated arches form a light, porous enclosure. Thirty sheets of 1/2” thick birch plywood were milled (at a rate of 45 minutes/ board), sanded, and finished in order to fabricate the boomerangs. Steel aircraft tensioning cables approximately 2mm in diameter hold the plywood compression members in place. A special type of crimp known as a Gripple, (rated at 100lbs design load, 520lbs failure load) allows for precise tensioning in the cable. Bay dimensions range from 7’ wide x 9’ tall to 12’ wide by 12’ tall and the depth of the surface is an average 16 inches.
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Although TINA stood proud, she eventually suffered a dramatic fall. Outdoor air temperatures and humidity levels increased drastically through a hot summer night, causing the weatherproofed plywood to distort and crumble.
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