Sonntag, Borgnakke and van Wylen
5.44 A constant pressure piston/cylinder assembly contains 0.2 kg water as saturated vapor at 400 kPa. It is now cooled so the water occupies half the original volume. Find the heat transfer in the process. Solution: C.V. Water. This is a control mass. Energy Eq.5.11: m(u2 – u1) = 1Q2 – 1W2 Process:
P = constant
=>
1W2 = Pm(v2 – v1)
So solve for the heat transfer: 1Q2 = m(u2 - u1) + 1W2 = m(u2 - u1) + Pm(v2 - v1) = m(h2 - h1) State 1: Table B.1.2 v1 = 0.46246 m3/kg; h1 = 2738.53 kJ/kg State 2: v2 = v1 / 2 = 0.23123 = vf + x vfg from Table B.1.2 x2 = (v2 – vf) / vfg = (0.23123 – 0.001084) / 0.46138 = 0.4988 h2 = hf + x2 hfg = 604.73 + 0.4988 × 2133.81 = 1669.07 kJ/kg 1Q2 = 0.2 (1669.07 – 2738.53) = –213.9 KJ