Target Sites for ARV Drugs gp41 gp120
CD4HOST CELL Cell
Translation
RNA s e
NRTI’s & NNRTI’s work here
Use this pictorial to explain in simple terms the areas where various ARV drugs work in the life cycle of the HIV.
Viral assembly
Protein cleavage Budding
Injection of contents
Fusion inhibitors work here
Protease
Reverse transcriptionTranscription
RNADNA
Provirus (circular structure)
Integrase
Protease Inhibitor s work here Maturation
Integration of provirus DNA into host DNA
HIV Particle
HIV particle
Binding
Binding sites
Cell membrane
Completed HIV particle
Integrase Inhibitors
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Module 1
Slide 69 Give examples of the various ARVs used to treat children.
Common Antiretroviral Drugs Used to Treat Children - 2007 Reverse transcriptase Inhibitors: ` Nucleoside RTI ` ` ` `
`
Zidovudine Stavudine Lamivudine Abacavir
Protease inhibitors ` Lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra) ` Nelfinavir
Non-nucleoside RTI ` `
Nevirapine Efavirenz
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Module 1
Slide 70 ARV Drugs Special Considerations in Children ` ` ` ` ` `
Palatability (taste of drug) Syrups are generally bulkier- Fluid volume, refrigeration Ability to split, crush, mix and administer tablets/capsules Potency, pediatric experience, pharmacokinetic information Regimen complexity - dosing frequency, food and fluid requirements Presence of other infections that could affect drug choice - TB, Hepatitis B or C or chronic renal or liver disease
71
Highlight some special issues that have to be taken into consideration when ARV drugs are given to children.
Module 1
Slide 71
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Overview: HIV infection, care, and art in children | module 1