APPENDIX 4: BASIC ANATOMY & MOVEMENTS FOR SNOWBOARDING
TERMINOLOGY It is useful to understand the basic language of anatomy so as to be able to explain movement in a concise way and with a standard terminology. • • • • • •
Anterior: Towards the front of the body. E.g.: The nose is on the anterior of the face. Posterior: Towards the back of the body. E.g.: The buttocks are on the posterior of the body. Superior: Towards the highest point. E.g.: The head is superior to the body. Inferior: Towards the lowest point. E.g.: The foot is inferior to the chest Medial: Towards or at the mid-line of the body. E.g.: The nose is to the medial of the ears. Lateral: Away from the midline of the body. E.g.: The little toes are on the lateral aspect of the foot.
Planes & Axes There are three planes and axes for the human body: • • •
The Sagittal Plane: Lies vertically and separates the body into left and right halves. The Frontal Plane: Also lies vertically but separates the body into anterior/posterior halves. The Transverse Plane: Lies horizontally and separates the body into superior/inferior halves.
An axis is a straight line around which an object rotates. There are three axes of rotation. • • •
Sagittal axis: passes horizontally from posterior to anterior and is formed by the intersection of the sagittal and transverse planes. Frontal axis: passes horizontally from left to right and is formed by the intersection of the frontal and transverse planes. Vertical axis: passes vertically from inferior to superior and is formed by the intersection of the sagital and frontal planes.
TYPES OF MOVEMENT FRONTAL PLANE
VERTICAL AXIS
SAGITTAL PLANE TRANSVERSE PLANE FRONTAL AXIS
SAGITTAL AXIS
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