P U B L I C R E A L M S T R AT EGY
SOUTH DOCKS
Public Realm Strategy
Contents 1.0
I N T RO D U C T I O N
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2.0
T H E S T R AT EGY
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3.0
THE WIDER CONTEX T
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4.0
P U B L I C R E A L M O B J EC T I V E S
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5.0
PUBLIC RE ALM DESIGN GUIDELINES
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6.0
L A N D S C A P E A N D P U B L I C R E A L M C H A R AC T E R A R E A S
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Public Re a lm S t r at e g y 1.0 Introduction This document forms part of the Local Area Plan (LAP) for the Cork South Docks and sets out the strategies, objectives and guidelines for the development of the Public Realm for the South Docks. Over the next 69 months the City Council will be developing a detailed street and public open space design code and specification to ensure that the implementation of the public realm is carried out in a consistent and high quality manner. The public realm is the ‘space between buildings’ – the streets, spaces and movement corridors which will form the framework for the use and perception of the South Docks. It is the stage upon which the drama of communal life unfolds. It encompasses both the built and the natural environment, with these elements working together to create a living space and an ambiance that will be unique to the area. The development of the South Docks offers a tremendous opportunity to develop a high quality urban design and public realm framework which will create an image of the area for residents, workers, visitors and investors. The quality and image of the South Docks in the public perception will be created by the cohesiveness of the public realm, i.e. the building facades, public squares, streets and open spaces together with the street furniture contained within their structure such as planting, artwork, seating, lighting, signage, paving, etc. A high quality, accessible public realm will improve the legibility of the area, add to its attractiveness and enhance the experience of the place. Within Cork, there is increasing recognition of the importance of the public realm to the vibrancy and quality of the city environment. The public realm improvements in Patrick’s Street/Grand Parade, Emmett Place, Oliver Plunkett Street, City Quarter, etc. are good examples of what can and has been achieved in the public realm in recent years.
Whilst it is recommended that the significance of key places and movement networks is emphasised with the highest quality design treatments, all of the open spaces including internal courtyards, communal gardens, roof gardens, atriums etc. will require careful and considered design. The principles of Universal Access to buildings and the external environment will be incorporated into all developments. Public open space will provide a visual balance to the highly urbanised built form as an aesthetic complement to, and relief from, the built surrounds. The amenity value of open space will be important for residents, workers and visitors to the South Docks, and will enhance the appeal of an area for investors, tourists and business. There will need to be a strong correlation between open space areas and community services and uses, to maximise the community benefit and the synergies between the various uses within the South Docks. Attractive and functional public open space invites participation in recreation and community life. It provides a neighbourhood focus, a place to play games, gather and socialise at different times for different people, and contributes to the enjoyment of community life for all age groups. There are a number of key strategies that will apply to the scheme, including; ◊ The use of strong structural landscape elements and strategic open space to tie the various components of the area together. ◊ The utilisation of local materials and detail in the design and finish of landscape elements. ◊ The development of an attractive and safe network of open spaces connecting the surrounding landscape and urban areas. ◊ The creation of precincts with character and a distinctive sense of place. ◊ The creation of a development with attractive streets and squares, where public and private spaces are clearly distinguishable.
2.0 The Strategy The strategy for the South Docks proposes an ordering principle to the public realm with a variety of treatments, materials and design to emphasise the hierarchy of particular spaces and uses treatments and palettes. In practice, the public realm strategy will provide developers and Cork City Council with a statement of the quality of design expected and best practice examples. Each development must fit into and contribute to a high quality network of streets and spaces within the city centre. Common themes in the treatment of the streets, waterside promenade and public spaces will help to provide a natural linking and unifiying element wihin the South Docks.
◊ Provide an urban design framework that is highly permeable and accessible. ◊ Provide a diversity of open spaces that provide for a variety of user needs and demands. The River Lee frontage plays an extremely important role in defining the identity and character of the South Docks. The river frontage forms the northern boundary of the South Docks and will be one of the most significant unifying features of the South Docks. This space should be fully accessible to the public. It will be the link to the City Centre from Blackrock, Mahon and beyond. The setting invites activity; encompassing a diverse mix of uses such as walking, jogging, cycling, cultural education, appreciation of nature, art appreciation, sitting, dining, socialising, water access, community functions, evening activity and providing
SOUTH DOCKS LOCAL AREA PLAN
Good quality, well used public open space adds to the quality of the Urban Environment Bishop Lucey Park
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Lapp’s Quay
Patrick’s Street
interactive means for children and young adults.
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y 3.0 The Wider Context Along with topography, the River Lee is one of strongest landscape elements of Cork City. The redevelopment of the South Docks area offers the opportunity to develop the largely under utilised riverside amenity and complement the existing open space network at the eastern edge of the city, which consists of Shalom and Kennedy Park, the Marina and Atlantic Pond, the rail line walkway and the Loughmahon foreshore walkway.
4.0 Public Realm Objectives 4.1
The wonderful views up and down the River Lee will be exploited in the development of the public realm through the creation of a high quality waterfront.
The existing park network offers a range of recreational opportunities, as well as providing visual enhancement and respite to the highly urbanised, inner city area. The focus of open space development within the South Docks will be on facilitating access to the waterfront and the water itself, through the promenades and plazas that edge the waterways; and on the creation of a contemporary urban park, Kennedy Spine Park, in the centre of the South Docks. In addition, strong linkages will connect South Docks with the existing surrounding park system, via public transport, pedestrian and bicycle paths, and the waterways and roads. The open space and recreational experiences of people in the South Docks will be complemented by proximity to existing sports clubs and facilities in the area. The development of the South Docks will add significantly to the provision of urban squares and plazas within Cork, building on the successful public realm improvements carried out by Cork City Council in St. Patrick’s Street, Oliver Plunkett Street, Emmett Place and the Grand Parade. Linkages and connections established at the regional level as well as locally will provide an interconnected network that joins open space areas and offers its own inherent recreational value through the provision of walking trails, bicycle paths, streetscapes and laneways.
Utilise existing landscape characteristics
The area has a number of attractive existing amenities such as the Kennedy Park, Atlantic Pond and the park areas to the east of the Atlantic Pond. An outline survey of the existing tree cover on the site is illustrated in Figure 5.1. A number of these landscape elements are in need of enhancement to achieve their full potential. The development of the area will build on these strong elements.
4.2
Provide a range of spaces The South Docks will provide a range of open space areas including: ◊ Waterfront promenade – Custom House Quays, Kennedy Quay linking to the Marina; ◊ Marina Park – a regional park; ◊ A network of open spaces including civic squares, neighbourhood parks, pocket and linear parks throughout the area; ◊ Pedestrianised streets and other well designed streets can also form part of the provision of public open space; ◊ Semi-private and private open spaces such as internal courtyards, roof terraces and balconies.
Figure 3.1 South Docks Indicative Site Layout Plan
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Public Re a lm S t r at e g y ◊ Amenity/green space - Spaces that provide visual relief, breathing space, contrast and balance with ‘hard’ surfaces and high-density urban development, and provision of flexible spaces to cater for a range of casual and unstructured active uses.
The provision of public open space will be assessed on a site-by-site basis. For larger sites a pocket park or public square will be required as developed in the Local Area Plan. Key pedestrian links are to be provided across various sites. New areas of public open space should be designed to take account of the following:
◊ Cultural expression - Flexible spaces with a range of scales and orientations to cater for civic or community festivities and events, corporate events (seasonal, lunchtime, weekend). Spaces that provide a forum for cultural installations and events, and allow for responses to, or interpretation of, heritage (natural and cultural), and the incorporation of integrated urban art as an over-arching design theme.
◊ The area should be centrally located to maximise accessibility; ◊ The size of the space should relate to the needs of users and the scale of surrounding development; ◊ A highly amenable and safe environment that provides areas of relief within the urban environment;
◊ Play, adventure and engagement. Spaces that incorporate play experiences to cater for a range of age groups, and the requirements of both residents and visitors. Spaces that delight and engage people of all ages through the use of humour, public art, adventure, exploration; installations that can be experienced in a range of ways by all ages.
◊ Display a clearly defined relationship to the position and function of surrounding buildings; ◊ The area should be bounded by streets, cycleways and pathways; ◊ Receive good levels of solar access, particularly in the afternoon and evening periods; ◊ Include facilities to cater for a range of active and passive uses that encourage community interaction;
◊ Linkages and connections – spaces that connect precincts, link to surrounding neighbourhoods and destinations; provide access to recreational areas and the metropolitan open space network; and provide alternative commuter transport opportunities. These spaces will be used to create a sense of arrival to destinations.
◊ Include spaces and facilities that enable the holding of civic events, particularly within civic squares; ◊ Are located in highly visible and prominent locations to ensure high levels of surveillance and accessibility from multiple directions.
4.4
Provide a range of experiences
Open Space The development of public open space in South Docks should achieve:
The Public Realm Strategy seeks to ensure that, at a minimum, the following range of open space experiences are available within the South Docks:
◊ Enhancement of the social, mental and physical health and well-being of the South Docks community;
◊ Active recreation - facilities that cater for recreational, health and fitness activities. Enhancement of rowing and access to the River Lee.
◊ There will be a well-connected local open space network throughout the South Docks and integration with the wider city;
◊ Passive recreation - Informal and unstructured activities, including walking and fitness, ball games, as well as the provision of spaces for quiet reflection, which will be located throughout the South Docks area. The development of a high quality, accessible waterfront promenade is a critical component of the open space framework in the area. This has the potential to link the city with the riverside walk along the Marina, with potential linkage to Blackrock Harbour, Blackrock Castle and the existing walk along Lough Mahon/ Douglas Estuary.
◊ Access to a diverse range of open space experiences for local residents, workers and visitors and to a sufficient amount of open space to support higher density urban development; ◊ The creation of an active, well-used public domain that balances the open space needs of residents, workers and visitors; ◊ The creation of safe, welcoming and accessible environments; ◊ Open spaces that contribute to a sense of place and to the cultural identity of local neighbourhoods and South Docks as a whole;
◊ Civic/community/gathering spaces – urban parks, hard-surfaced squares, plazas, and spill out spaces to adjacent buildings that provide opportunities for public ceremonies, community events and activities, and gathering spaces.
◊ Environmental sustainability and enhancement of ecological and habitat values; ◊ Creation of wilderness spaces and protection of existing/creation of new wildlife corridors;
Tuborg, Copenhagen
Puerto Madera, Buenos Aires Parc de Citron, Paris
Lapp’s Quay
◊ Environmental and cultural amenity that contributes to commercial and economic activity.
Custom House Quay
Kennedy Park
Mariina Upstream
◊ The creation of opportunities for cultural interpretation of the South Docks’ industrial heritage;
Hammarby Sjostad, Sweden
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Atlantic Pond
Blackrock Castle
Kennedy Quay
◊ Natural habitat areas - areas that facilitate engagement with natural systems, flora and fauna, environmental and ecological education, and passive recreation (including spaces that help to re-create natural habitat for indigenous flora and fauna).
Waterfront, Copenhagen
4.3
at South Docks. It will be a destination for people coming to South Docks via the road network and main pedestrian access routes. These larger public open spaces will create:
◊ Capacity for civic ceremonies, festivals and events, e.g. hard stand areas for visiting circuses, funfairs , concerts, and the proposed EXPO, Marina Park should be the subject of an International Design Competition; ◊ Picnic facilities, seating and shelter; ◊ A sense of destination for pedestrians and cyclists arriving in South Docks from the east;
Silos retained in park, Puerto Madeira, Buenos Aires
Local parks will be provided within 300 metres safe walking distance of all residences. The design of open spaces should respond to the requirements of key user groups and be of sufficient size to cater for informal recreation, play, relaxation and the anticipated intensity of activity.
Marina Park, Kennedy Spine and the River Promenade will together provide a major public open space focus
◊ Areas for active amenities
Fan Paving at Custom House Quay
Crimean War Canon, The Marina
Cranes, rail tracks at Kennedy Quay
Odlums Mills, Kennedy Quay
Currachs at Shandon Boat Club
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y
4.5
An expression of cultural identity and heritage values Public open space contributes to the creation of a ‘sense of place’ and the cultural identity of South Docks. There are many ways in which this can be achieved including through: the integration of public art into the landscape; events, festivals, performances, neighbourhood celebrations and recreational programs in public spaces; and taking advantage of opportunities to ‘tell the story’ of South Docks.
◊ Creative play facilities that attract young people aged 8-14 years (locals and visitors to South Docks); ◊ Public art and art and play installations that engage a broad range of ages and cultures;
Landscape design and its responsiveness to people and place, has an important role in this process.
◊ Spaces that provide opportunities for informal active recreation and social interaction. Figure 4.1 Movement in the Public Realm
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Public Re a lm S t r at e g y River Lee as a focus for waterside and water based recreation
4.8
The water spaces of the River Lee provide extensive opportunities for formal and informal water based recreation activities. The South Docks has some 3.7km of water frontage, which will provide an extensive linear space for public viewing of special events on the water. The water will also add a special dimension to the overall experience of the open space at South Docks, providing for the relaxing ambience of observing water activities and city reflections at night. The riverside amenity which runs the length of the site allows for linkage and connection to the open spaces, parks and plazas located within the development (see Figure 4.1). The redevelopment and enhancement of the existing boat clubs’ facilities (Shandon and Lee Boat Clubs), including slipways to the River Lee, will be encouraged and supported. Management of boat speeds will be required.
Open space shall contribute to ecological balance, the conservation of natural resources, and the reestablishment of habitats for birds, flora and fauna. The design of spaces needs to provide for future management and maintenance regimes that conserve resources and are environmentally friendly. There are opportunities to improve ecological values in the Atlantic Pond and lands to the east. The Council will work with developers and landscape designers to facilitate environmentally sustainable design for public open spaces. Desired outcomes include: ◊ conservation and recycling of water; ◊ creation of habitats for native birds, flora and fauna;
The majority of the industrial heritage of the South Docks can be found close to the quayside. These elements should not be cordoned off as museum pieces, but rather incorporated into the modern uses of the site. They have a working past and interpretation of this rich history that will give a sense of place to the South Docks.
◊ use of recycled and low-energy embodied materials; ◊ reduced need for fertilisers and imported soils; ◊ restoration of ecosystems, where possible, including protection of remnant vegetation;
Existing features to be retained include the rail tracks, cranes and the structural frame of the overhead conveyor system.
◊ protection from harsh climatic conditions; ◊ diversity in vegetation to expand habitat opportunities, improve air quality and maintain a comfortable microclimate.
The development of riverside walkways and boardwalks where required further upstream into the city and downstream to the lower harbour will be encouraged and supported. These can connect in with the South Docks river frontage.
4.9
The Council will seek to work with the ESB to allow public access from the South Quays to the Marina.
The open space network in the South Docks will connect the development precincts of the South Docks. Pedestrian and visual connections will link together major open space nodes, the promenade system, and smaller local parks and plazas. The open space should link and integrate a series of unique destinations. Appropriate signage and safe pedestrian crossings will be important in achieving this.
Responsive and high quality design Open spaces should be accessible and enhance perceptions of safety. Community facilities and public spaces are to be designed to complement each other, to encourage public use of space and enhance the amenity of services (e.g. parkland, playgrounds adjacent to childcare services/schools).
The South Docks open space network will orient people to neighbouring areas and vice versa, creating a strong sense of connection and integration. Pedestrian and cycle linkages in all major directions beyond the South Docks will help to reinforce this. It is important to avoid the creation of empty, hollow spaces that feel intimidating or are difficult to traverse in moving to, and from, neighbouring suburbs and the central city.
The Council will develop clear guidance and standards in the short term on the detailed design, installation and performance specification and maintenance period to ensure that the quality of the public realm is of a consistently high quality.
4.10
Linkages To Other Areas
On Street recycling facilities Develop habitats and encourage diversity
Develop natural planting
Range of use for open space
Connections will also be sought via waterways: along the River Lee to the city, north to the North Docks and east to Blackrock.
Open Space to relax & play
Space in the urban environment
Places to amble Boardwalk to river’s edge
Places to play
The edges of private and public spaces are to clearly delineate areas that are within the public realm and to facilitate public access to them. Buildings adjacent to public space should be designed to enhance passive surveillance and public safety. Public spaces must be able to be accessed at ground level.
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A network of connected local open spaces
Open Spaces Linkage
4.7
Sustainable open space environments
Linkage
4.6
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y
4.11
The linkage between the South Docks and City Centre is currently poor. The Council will seek greater linkage and accessibility with the City through improvements to pedestrian crossings at Eamon De Valera Bridge and improvements to footpaths and public realm along Albert Quay and the Albert Street junction.
The aim of improving the environmental quality and design of streets and spaces must include the reduction of clutter within the streetscape, the introduction of fundamental characteristics of the philosophy of the design - boldness, simplicity, style and elegance - into the streets. The public realm guidelines have been considered under the following headings:
Pedestrian and bicycle connections will be strengthened:
◊ Access & Movement;
◊ Along the River Lee linking the City to Blackrock and beyond to Loughmahon;
◊ Accessibility;
◊ Connections established along the North Docks via the bridge connections and in particular to Kent Station;
◊ Street furniture;
◊ To Marina Park, which offers an informal environment, habitat and ecological values;
◊ Signage;
◊ Materials and Surfacing; ◊ Lighting; ◊ Trees / Planting;
◊ Encourage and facilitate water transport connections (e.g. ferries) to destinations along the River Lee;
◊ Public Art.
◊ Connections to Atlantic Pond and the parks to the east.
5.1 4.12
Access and Movement
Maintenance
Traffic management will be very important in managing access and
The landscape and public realm will be well-maintained and managed by the Council to ensure a sense of ownership and civic pride is instilled within the community.
circulation within the area. The ultimate aim of the traffic regime
5.0 Public Realm Design Guidelines
must be to maintain the vehicular access that is essential for the use and enjoyment of the area while eliminating or reducing its adverse impacts. Aspects of traffic management and mobility which have been incorporated into the LAP’s strategies are: ◊ Increasing the use of public transport;
The guidelines contained within this section aim to: ◊ To improve the quality of environment of the South Docks to a standard commensurate with, or superior to, its national and international comparators;
◊ Traffic calming measures;
◊ To build on work achieved to date to create a distinctive public realm for Cork City;
◊ Accommodation of service deliveries;
◊ To implement a coherent and consistent design strategy for the improvement of the public realm;
◊ Taxi ranks provided at the Centre Park Hub;
◊ To establish standards of design to achieve a quality environment that is:
◊ Promoting pedestrian safety and priority.
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attractive, hospitable and safe;
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appropriate to South Docks;
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robust, simple and elegant;
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valued and well cared for;
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distinctive and exciting;
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of a high standard of craftsmanship;
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and presents an image of the Cork South Docks as a confident and progressive urban waterside precinct in Cork city.
Cycle routes will be identified by the use of contrasting surfacing materials to give the cycleway high visibility to the cyclist, vehicle driver and pedestrian. These materials will complement the adjacent pavement or road surface. Changes in surface material will be minimised and suitable for cyclists with particular attention paid to maintenance and reinstatement of cycle lanes. Cyclists must be provided with secure and well designed cycle parking stands and lockers throughout the area in all developments, interchange points and public realm. Changing facilities in new developments will assist in promoting a cycling culture.
When applied to new developments, these guidelines should allow for a contemporary approach which encourages creative and innovative contributions in the public realm and promotes the highest standard of design quality.
◊ On street parking control and management of off-street parking; ◊ Adequate disabled parking provision; ◊ Provision for emergency services; ◊ Cyclist amenities;
The design of streets and traffic management will comply with the Traffic Management Guidelines prepared by the Department of Environment and Department of Transport. The recent UK Department of Transport ‘Manual for Streets’ (2007) will be reviewed and incorporated where appropriate.
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Public Re a lm S t r at e g y 5.2
Accessibility The design of the public realm and any development must be sensitive to and take account of the needs of users with disabilities, parents with young children and the elderly. As well as statutory Part M of the Building Regulations dealing with access to buildings, developers and designers will be cognisant of the accessibility guidelines “Access for All” prepared by the National Disability Authority. The detailing and treatment of the public realm with regard to accessibility needs to be carefully balanced maintaining clutter free and aesthically pleasing spaces and streets. It is essential that all new developments have well designed, integrated disabled access. Pedestrian walkways must provide a dropped/sloping kerb to ensure easy and safe crossings point with the correct tactile paving design. Landings to stepped areas will be demarcated with high quality “corduroy” tactile paving. Street furniture should be strategically placed at regular intervals in order to provide a degree of legibility for the visually impaired. Street furniture should not reduce the width of the pavement to a degree that the movement of wheelchair users and pushchairs is impeded.
The hierarchy of spaces should be reflected in the quality of materials, however, the importance of certain spaces may be reinforced through the use of additional innovative or artistic paving features. Paved surfaces should be simple, robust and complement adjoining architecture and street furniture. Changes in paving colour and texture should be restricted to avoid a confusing groundplane treatment. Exceptions can be made for particular purposes to highlight important entrances/spaces or impart interpretive information. Pavements, open spaces and traffic calmed areas should: ◊ be simple and avoid meaningless patterns in the floorscape; ◊ be used to delineate boundaries and highlight features; ◊ maintain scale; ◊ be used to signal direction or segregation; ◊ incorporate, if required, the layout of gullies/channels into the paving design and use only those systems designed to take maintenance issues into account; ◊ ensure that street furniture, grilles, covers and gullies are orientated to avoid awkward junctions and cuts;
In as far as practicable, entrances will be at grade to limit any adverse effects on the visual and physical quality of the streetscape. Where unavoidable entrances are not at grade, ramps and stairs with suitable rest platforms and handrails should be incorporated to comply with Part M of the Building Regulations. Ramps should have small kerbs on exposed sides to ensure the safety of the user. Pavements and walkways should be of a sufficient width to allow the unimpaired passage of wheelchairs and pushchairs.
◊ where necessary, be designed to accept vehicle loading.
Steps should not be used as the key focus of important desire lines as this creates visual barriers to disadvantaged users. Stepped areas must ensure that a suitable alternative is provided for disadvantaged users in the form of a ramp.
Bus lay-bys, parking bays, disabled parking and taxi stands should be delineated from the main carriageway by a material change.
Disabled car parking spaces should be on level ground as close to facilities and amenities as possible. Wherever possible, covered parking should be provided to ensure the comfort of the user. Lighting should ensure visual acuity and provide security for all users.
Most carriageways will be surfaced with stone mastic aspalt or similar. In certain locations, the use of the subtly toned coloured asphalt could be considered to highlight important routes and spaces, or delineate and link streets and spaces.
Where kerbs are made flush, the line of the kerb should be retained to provide visual delineation. Paving trims or edging should form part of the overall design of the paved surface: ◊ to act as margins to buildings and features; ◊ to denote changes in level; ◊ to act as functional markings on paving surfaces;
5.3
Materials & Surfaces Common themes, design approaches and a palette of materials will be identified by Cork City Council in the short term for elements of the external environment in the South Docks. Junctions between spaces should not be abrupt and a degree of continuity is desirable.
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◊ to delineate uses, boundaries and spaces; ◊ to delineate between public and private spaces; ◊ As a design feature, kerbs and edges should be used as a common element, unifying and linking streets and spaces throughout the city centre in terms of materials and detailing.
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y 5.4
Street Furniture
5.5
All public spaces are occupied by a host of elements including lighting, signage poles, boundaries, shelters, bollards, seating, bins, trees etc. All of these need careful attention and will need to be co-ordinated. They will be constrained into designated strips to minimise clutter and maximise open space. All proposed developments will provide:
Lighting The design of the public realm must be able to support after hours activity as well as providing safety and security. Lighting can enliven streets, buildings and waterfronts and it is an important influence on the character of streets and spaces. The Council will: ◊ Encourage creative thinking in the use of street, building lighting within the South Docks;
◊ Provide an appropriate hierarchy of streets where vehicular and pedestrian traffic, street furniture and landscaping is clearly defined and organised to provide an attractive sense of place.
◊ Ensure that the streets and spaces are sufficiently well lit to promote personal safety; ◊ Encourage the appropriate use of decorative and seasonal lighting;
◊ Implement an integrated landscape and hardscape scheme with an appropriate maintenance regime;
◊ Employ lighting which is appropriate to predominantly pedestrian spaces;
◊ Select site materials with a view to durability and longevity; ◊ Select attractive, harmonious, and safe materials;
◊ Lighting fixtures, fittings and columns should aim to reduce street clutter and the impact of columns in the streetscape and also to provide varying effects and further visual interest;
◊ Minimise maintenance by locating street furniture, bins and recycling areas, etc. to be easily accessed and monitored;
◊ Ensure light pollution will be minimised.
◊ Select high quality paving, lighting, planting and furniture at site entry.
Consideration is to be given to amenity lighting to ensure that there is ample provision for any special events which may take place throughout the year. Activities such as festivals continue through the hours of darkness and require more illumination than provided by regular street lighting.
The position of street furniture will be used to define space and guide pedestrian movement:
There is also a desire to have lighting which relates in scale to the pedestrian and which can be used to highlight features, floodlight buildings and generally create a strong and memorable atmosphere during the hours of darkness.
◊ Furniture will be placed with care and restraint in order to respect the civic character of the pubic realm and avoid excessive street clutter. ◊ Street furniture will be carefully placed / designed so that conflicts with pedestrian desire lines are minimised. There must be adequate movement zones around / between items of furniture for both pedestrians and wheelchair users. ◊ The placing of street furniture will respect requirements such as minimum distances from carriageway kerbs, avoiding obscuring sight lines etc. ◊ While there is a general requirement for the approved suite of street furniture to be used on all streets. ◊ The successful selection and siting of street furniture within a new development is dependent on six major elements: ◊ Scale: Outdoor elements should be of sufficient size and “visual weight” to sit comfortably in external settings;
5.6
Signage The design and organisation of pedestrian signs is an essential element in an integrated and user-friendly urban area. To be effective, any sign system should convey the minimum level of information necessary to ensure a maximum degree of simplicity and clarity for the user. The design of the general directional signage should tie in with the signage used throughout Cork City. There should be a balance between the statutory requirements for traffic signs and the avoidance of visual clutter.
◊ Style: The style of the furniture should reflect the contemporary character of the scheme without reverting to pastiche; ◊ Robustness: The quality and construction of the materials can greatly increase their longevity and add integrity to the environment in which they are placed. In addition to strength of construction and fixing, they should be easily cleaned, scratch resistant, fire resistant and vandal proof; ◊ Colour: The visual unity and comprehension of the scheme can be greatly increased by ensuring that elements match or complement the built form in colour; ◊ Siting: Careful siting of the elements ensures that they are used to their full potential and that nuisance is reduced. Particular attention must be given to the siting and design of furniture relative to accessibility. The location of signs should take into consideration the need to complement the general site environment and landscaping. Where possible signs etc. should be combined to minimise visual clutter in the streetscape; and ◊ Fit for Purpose: The design of the furniture should reflect the purpose for which it is proposed. All new products should satisfy IS, BS and European safety standard criteria.
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Public Re a lm S t r at e g y 5.7
Trees/Planting Trees and planting can act as attractive soft relief in extensive built up areas, add a dimension of human scale to the built environment, help curb pollution and provide an ecological resource. Unfortunately, all of the existing trees along Centre Park and Monahan’s Road will need to be removed as they will not survive the level of disruption and changes in level. These will be replaced with a boulevard of semi-mature trees. The trees along the Marina will be largely retained. It is important that the remaining trees are adequately protected during any construction works as they will be important screening elements in views of the South Docks from outside as well as providing a sense of setting to the new development areas. The controlled use of elements of soft landscape such as planters, hanging baskets etc. should be used, where appropriate, to highlight significant buildings and provide seasonal colour. These should be sensitively located, particularly in the vicinity of historic buildings, and act as an integral part of the streetscape design.
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Landscape works must be well-maintained to ensure they instil a sense of ownership and civic pride within the city. Where trees are to be introduced, they should complement the surrounding urban form. The position of trees will be carefully considered and used to reinforce the form and structure of streets and spaces or to emphasise the importance of a space creating a focal point. Tree planting should be functional as well as aesthetic, with the range of species limited and the planting principles bold and simple. Care should be taken not to obscure lighting, signs or important views and to avoid existing services. Urban tree soils, irrigation and drainage will be used where trees are planted in hard landscape areas.
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y New Tree Species will include: Boulevard street trees (planted semi-mature 30-35cm girth) Tilia x euchlora (Lime) Platanus x acerifolia (Plane) Quercus robor fastigiata ‘Koster’ (Upright oak) Upright Street Trees Acer platanoides ‘Columnare’ (Upright Norway Maple) Carpinus betulus (Hornbeam) Sorbus (Mountain Ash)
Parkland trees Quercus robor (Oak) Aescelus hippocastanum (Chestnut) Tilia x plathyphyllus ‘Rubra’ (Lime) Betula pendula (Birch) Pinus sylvestris (Pine) Prunus avium (Bird Cherry) Courtyard trees Betula pendula, B. nigra, B. utilis (Birch) Sorbus ‘Joseph Rock’ (Mountain Ash)
Figure 5.1 Existing categories of trees in South Docks including trees to be removed
TREES - To be removed A
AVENUE - Lime, Plane and Poplar trees along Centre Park Road
B
AVENUE - Mature Lime trees at the east end of Centre Park Road
C
HEDGEROW - Mature Lime, Ash, Maple, Chesnut and Willow trees
D1
AVENUE - Elm replacement, varieties of Maple, Ash and Lime
D2
AVENUE - Maple and Lime trees to the north with Plane and Lime trees to the south
D3
AVENUE - Impressive large Lime trees
E
WOODLAND - Ash, Maple, Sycamore and Pine trees
F1
PARKLAND - Willow, Hazel, Alder, and Ash with a strong backdrop of Pine and Beech
F2
AVENUE - Sycamore, Poplar and Willows
F3
BROADLEAF WOODLAND - Mature Sycamore, Chesnut and Oak
F4
MIXED PARKLAND / SCRUB - Mixed Sycamore, Chesnut, Oak, Poplar and Willow
G
ATLANTIC POND - Dominated by Poplar with Ash and Willow
H
BOUNDARY - Mature and early mature Willow trees with Ash and Alder
H1
AVENUE - Dominated by Plane trees with Birch, Lime and Hornbeam
I
ROADSIDE VERGE - Compromised of Poplar trees with Plane, Lime, and Sycamore on the roadsides
J
PARKLAND - Mixed oranamental
SOUTH DOCKS LOCAL AREA PLAN
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Public Re a lm S t r at e g y 5.8
Public Art The South Docks will be greatly enriched by the inclusion of public artwork. Public art will be introduced into key public spaces to contribute to the overall quality of the environment and assist in establishing a sense of place and identity. The strategy for public art should examine the cultural and physical setting and reflect themes, historical context and traditions of the area. The recommendations of the recent report examining 25 years of public art commissioned by Cork City Council, ‘Art in the City’ will be taken account of in the implementation of this programme. Developers will be encouraged to participate in a ‘Precent for Act’ scheme, whereby a percentage of the total capital budget is allocated to the provision of an original piece of art. To ensure the successful integration of public art within new schemes, six major criteria should be considered: ◊ •
Excellence and innovation of proposal;
◊ •
Careful siting to maximise visual impact;
◊ •
Appropriate style and scale to enhance the public realm;
◊ •
Robust and low maintenance;
◊ •
Well fixed and vandal resistant;
◊ •
Safe for possible children’s play potential.
Commissioning across all of the disciplines and all of the forms, i.e. sound art, temporary projects, as well as the plastic arts, should be encouraged and promoted. There should be a mix of local, national and international, emerging and established artists. A programme of work should be co-ordinated which combines both permanent and temporary work. A changing programme of temporary artworks can also stimulate interest. Permanent and temporary art works by local and international artists, with an emphasis on a number of landmark works, could be sited at key locations in the public realm – on the riverfront, at the Oldums building, gateway entrance, Marina/Kennedy Park etc. Smaller works may be sited in pocket parks. These works could form the basis of a sculpture festival to be held every 2/3 years. Social housing projects also provide opportunities for community focused public art projects. This provides opportunities for communities to be involved in making of public art, e.g. series of commemorative plaques, stone works inserted subtly into key areas of buildings or waterfront railings. Flags and banners can provide vivid splashes of colour and movement within a street scene. These can often be utilised to promote civic events, exhibitions or attractions. It is important that these visually powerful elements are integrated into the overall streetscape scheme. It may be appropriate for artists and graphic design studios to be closely involved with the Council and developers in developing a coordinated approach to such elements.
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6.0 Landscape and Public Realm Character Areas There are a number of important areas where the treatment of the pubic realm is critically important. The following section of the document deals with these as follows: ◊ Waterfront; ◊ Streets; ◊ Open Spaces - Linear and Pocket Parks; ◊ Open Spaces - Courtyards and Roof Gardens; ◊ Marina Park.
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y 6.1
Waterfront
Figure 6.2 Indicative Cross Section at Odlums
Figure 6.1 Typical Plan of Quays
Flood defence detailed into Public Realm
Odlums building plaza
Figure 6.3 Typical Cross Section (Narrow point)
SOUTH DOCKS LOCAL AREA PLAN
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Public Re a lm S t r at e g y Waterfront
Figure 6.5 Lighting
Figure 6.4 Sketch views of quays
Feature lighting to landmark buildings
Escofet Kanyo Light Standards
Figure 6.6 Paving
Sureset bound aggregate to quay Retain and make safe industrial elements
Timber in feature areas
High quality, durable stone and timber
Range of material paving size and texture
Figure 6.7 Street Furniture
Stone seating
Simple detailing, robust and in scale with quayside
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SOUTH DOCKS LOCAL AREA PLAN
Discrete segregation of vehicular and pedestrian traffic
Seating
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y Waterfront
Figure 6.9 Typical plan of water attenuation canal
Sketch view
Animated areas close to water
Animation and interest
Pedestrian connections
Seating areas
Attractive water frontage
Figure 6.8 Cross Section through canal
SOUTH DOCKS LOCAL AREA PLAN 141
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y 6.2
Streets Figure 6.12 Typical Plan to Centre Park Road
Cross Sections at Centre Park Road Figure 6.10 P1-P1 Centre Park Road
Figure 6.11 P1A-P1A Centre Park Road
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Public Re a lm S t r at e g y Streets Figure 6.13 Typical plan to Centre Park Road
Public transport/Light rail platform
Street lighting
Feature lighting at civic plazas/nodes
Street tree planting (pleached lime)
Clear detailing, legibility and simplicity in the paving
Mixture of paving size and texture
SOUTH DOCKS LOCAL AREA PLAN143 Durable, contemporary waste bins with lids
Attractive seating
Stainless steel bollard
Stainless steel bicycle stand
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y Streets Figure 6.15 Cross section at Monahan’s Road
Figure 6.14 Cross section at Monahan’s Road
Attractive street frontage
Clear distinction between pedestrian and DOCKS LOCAL AREA PLAN 144SOUTH vehicular paving
Urban qualities to streets
Industrial heritage reflected in public realm
Strong design to public realm
Main pavement - staggered PC concrete 60mm slabs
Accessible and connected spaces
Quality street furniture
Accessible buildings
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y 6.3
Parks and Open Space
6.3.1
Kennedy Park
A framework of trees should be provided to emphasise walking paths, screen heavy vehicular routes and better define the lawns for informal play. This should be enhanced with art or cultural elements tying in with the waterfront works.
Key A - grass lawn B - trees, footpath C - trees, parkland planting D - neighbourhood play area E - local play area F - elder play area G - cultural element H - trees, existing I - trees, screening J - access point K - structure L - urban square and interior waterway
Attractive, bold plantings
Vibrant urban space
Figure 6.16 KENNEDY PARK SCHEMATIC PLAN
Defined play areas within park
The existing mature and semi-mature trees in Kennedy Park should be retained. Play facilities should be upgraded for the enjoyment of existing and future residents. The new extension to the park between Monahan’s Road and Centre Park Road should include a larger neighbourhood park with a well developed and high quality landscaped environment.
High quality open space
Kennedy Park offers a substantial green open space, with mature trees and an important setting to the residential area along Victoria Road. Any future works should enhance these characteristics.
SOUTH DOCKS LOCAL AREA PLAN
145
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y 6.4
Linear and Pocket Parks Throughout the South Docks, developers will provide a linked network of civic spaces, linear and pocket parks which will add immensely to the character of the area. Close to the three nodes and public transport corridor, the treatment will be largely in the hardscape with street tree planting. Moving away from the busier streets, the treatment will become softer with grass and planting being introduced. Materials and design are expected to be of a high quality.
Figure 6.17 Typical Linear and Pocket Parks
Key: A- trees, avenue B - paving, promenade C - seating nook D - building entry highlight E - green public open space F - sculpture/play area G - litter bin, 1 per 50m
6.4.1
Courtyards & Roof Gardens Semi-private landscaped courtyards and roof gardens will also be provided to enhance the amenity value of the spaces. The design quality of these spaces will be very high. Good quality hard landscape materials with contemporary designs will be employed within these spaces. Playspaces and artwork will be required. Small trees will be planted within these spaces to help give a scale and definition to the space. Elements such as ventilation openings, mechanical plant, stores etc. will be screened in a high quality manner.
Pocket park in urban environment
Extensive roof gardens will be provided to flat roof buildings. These will include Sedum plantings which are light weight, low maintenance, attractive and help to slow surface water runoff.
D
B
E C
Courtyard landscape Linear parks and open spaces
A
Pocket park in urban environment
Hardworks and tree planting combine to define space
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SOUTH DOCKS LOCAL AREA PLAN
Pocket park in urban environment
Play areas in courtyards
Extensive roof garden
Public Re a lm S t r at e g y 6.5
6.5.2 Showgrounds and Pairc Ui Chaoimh
Marina Park
The Showgrounds area has recently been re-accquired via Compulsary Purchase Aquisition by Cork City Council allowing the redevelopment of the lands for amenity usage as part of the South Docks development. The area has the potential to become the focus for a wide range of activities. The design for the showgrounds should be the subject of an International Design Competition. The rejuvenation of the GAA stadium should be encouraged and supported with additional wider uses to add activity to the area. Such uses might include associated amenity, leisure and cultural uses.
Marina Park will become the regional park for the South Docks and will consist of a number of different character areas including: ◊ Existing tree lined Marina; ◊ Showgrounds and Pairc Ui Chaoimh; ◊ Atlantic Pond; ◊ Ecological Park; ◊ Marina Discovery Park.
6.5.1
The Marina The Marina is an attractive tree lined route used extensively as a walk and cycle route. There are a number of significant trees along its length which will be retained and protected. The quay walls are in poor condition in a number of locations and need to be repaired (the extent of this is outlined in the Quay Walls Study, Arup 2006). Slipways need to be upgraded and enhanced as part of these works. Many of the footpaths and street furniture in the area are in poor repair and need to be upgraded and enhanced. Visitor car parking is poorly defined and needs to be resolved. The river side footpaths should be paved with a resin bound aggregate (e.g. Sureset, Ecoflex). Vehicular traffic on the road should be minimised with a new asphalt surface to the road. The road should become part of the promenade particularly at weekends, summer evenings etc.
Sports facilities, Parc de Bercy, Paris
The Showgrounds will be the location for a Sustainable Living Expo in 2010. There are significant opportunities in developing the park. Recreation facilities such as all weather pitches, tennis courts, basketball courts etc. will be developed in the area set in a designed parkland framework. There may be a requirement to set aside a portion of the lands to the south west of the Atlantic Pond for surface water attenuation for the South Docks, which will only flood in severe weather events.
6.5.3 Atlantic Pond The treatment of the public realm and landscape around the Atlantic Pond will be significantly improved with upgraded footpaths, softening of the edges of the pond with planting and embankments and the creation of additional habitats for birds at the pond. Boardwalks and jetties will be developed. Supervision of the space should be considered through some form of built development either in the convent lands to the south of the Pond (which will need to be accessed from Monahan’s Road) and/or through the development of a building associated with the stadium. Pavements, steps, seating, the pond edge and other hard landscape elements are old and in poor repair. These elements will be replaced. Some of the ornamental plantings to the east of the Pond should be overhauled and replaced with more native species which attract nesting birds, butterflies etc. A play area will be close to one of the seating areas around the pond.
Sketch treatment to Atlantic Pond
Enhance the existing high quality of the Marina
Sketch treatment to Atlantic Pond
Figure 6.18 Atlantic Pond - Schematic Plan and Views SOUTH DOCKS LOCAL AREA PLAN
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Public Re a lm S t r at e g y
To Atlantic Pond
MARINA DISCOVERY PARK ECOLOGICAL PARK
Toddlers Play Area 2-6 years
Open up views to Dundanion Castle Children’s Play & Bridge Area 6-12 years
Figure 6.19 Ecological and ‘Discovery’ Park at Marina - Schematic Plan
Adventure Play Area 10 years +
Ecological Park & ‘Discovery’ Park schematic plan
6.5.5 Marina Discovery Park
6.5.4 Ecological Park The area to the east of the Atlantic Pond has the potential to be developed as an Ecological Park which could also function as a wilderness area. There are significant stands of mature trees and woodland in the area. Screen planting should be planted around the Pumping Station and views will be opened up of Barrington’s Folly. A boardwalk could be provided through the wetland. A pedestrian path network would connect the Atlantic Pond to the Marina Discovery Park to the east.
Marina Discovery Park involves the rejuvenation and development of the existing under-utilised park into a series of attractive and exciting play areas which will cater for the full range of children from toddlers to teenagers. The area is close to and can connect with Blackrock Harbour.
Children’s Play Area
Sketch view of boardwalk through wetlands
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SOUTH DOCKS LOCAL AREA PLAN
Multi-use park areas, Parc de Bercy, Paris
Adventure Play Area - Skate Park