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A population sharing the same gene pool where groups next to each other are able to interbreed but groups at the extreme ends of the population can not.
Those factors that collectively influence the direction of natural selection.
Random changes in allele frequency as a result of sampling error. An important evolutionary phenomenon in small populations.
A term for physically separated populations. In reference to speciation, a term to mean speciation in which the populations are physically separated.
The situation in which members of a group of organisms breed with each other but not with members of other groups.
A change in the base sequence of DNA; the ultimate source of new alleles.
The condition in which there is no change in allele frequencies from generation to generation (i.e. no evolution).
The process by which traits become more or less common in a population through differential survival and reproduction.
The division of one species, during evolution, into two or more separate species.
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The loss of genetic variation occurring when a new population is established by a small number of individuals from a larger population.
The number of times an allele appears in a population.
The situation in population genetics in which the heterozygous condition has higher fitness than either of the homozygous conditions.
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4 Mechanisms of Evolution.indd 80
22/02/12 3:43 PM