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A Report on “The Role of Stakeholders in Post Conflict Nepal� Location: Jumla, Nepal.
A Three days training on role of stakeholders on post Conflict Situation
Report Prepared by: 1. Mr. Andrew Tchie, Research Fellow and consultant at UNDP, PhD candidate and Associate Fellow at the University of Essex, UK 2. Ms. Radha Paudel, Founder/President, Action Works Nepal
Organized by: Action Works Nepal and PACE Nepal 7-9 August, 2014 KhalangaJumla
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Summary: A three day training workshop was conducted on 7-9 August 2014, jointly organized by Action Works Nepal (www.actionworksnepal.com) and PACE Nepal (www.pacenepal.org) in Khalanga, Jumla. A key objective of the training workshop was to train and teach stakeholders on how to be more responsible in their roles as peace builders and mediators of peace. The workshop was facilitated by Mr. Andrew Tchie, Research Fellow and Consultant at UNDP and a PhD candidate and Associate Fellow at the University of Essex, UK and Ms. Radha Paudel, Founder/President of Action Works Nepal. There was a total 20 participants involved, which ranged from NGOs, government, media and cooperatives in Jumla. The workshop used small group exercises (games), question and answer sessions, mind mapping exercise, lectures, andshort videos were all used throughout the three days training workshop. The key concepts discussed were as peace building, peacemaking, conflict analysis, post conflict mapping and transitional justice. The six components of peace building were also discussed thoroughly. Participants conducted mind mapping exercises on the issues relating to conflict and identified following issues.
Gender based violence Poor education Caste discrimination Poor health practices Traditional harmful practices (Chhaupadi, JariPratha, early marriage, polygamy) Suicide Drug addiction Alcoholism Child labor Unorganized urbanization Lack of trust towards the political leaders and NGO workers Lack of transportation Power Sanitation and hygiene Unemployment Lack of accountability among local government bodies Lack of mechanization in farming
The group also identified contributing factors that they felt caused t conflict in Jumla Unemployment, Caste discrimination
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Domestic violence Deforestation Stakeholders also discussed four components of transitional justice; Truth Reparation Justice Sustainability of peace
Objectives: The main objective was to train and teach stakeholders to be responsible in their roles for peace buildingas a mediators. Discuss the concepts relating to conflict and peace building Map out the conflict issues from a local level Develop ways forward for the community of Jumla Facilitators: 3. Mr. Andrew Tchie, Research Fellow and consultant at UNDP, a PhD and aAssociate Fellow at the University of Essex,London, UK. 4. Ms. Radha Paudel, Founder/President, Action Works Nepal Methodology: Small group exercises (games) question answers, mind mapping exercise, lectures, film, video and discussion were used throughout the three days training workshop. Key discussions: 1. Key concepts: peace building, peacemaking, conflict analysis, post conflict mapping and transitional justice 2. Peace Building: six components of peace building presented and discussed; i) safety and human security, ii) civil society, iii) healing, iv) livelihood, v) empowerment of women and youth and public administration and accountability. 3. Mapping issues in Jumla: four groups worked and presented their perspectives issues, which are currently possible triggers provoking the conflict and can cause a relapse in the conflict. The below table presents the perception of conflict among participants by group. Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
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Domestic violence Poor education
Lack of trust towards Lack of electricity NGOs Increasing Junk Food Lack of access to transportation Caste Increasing Violence Domestic violence discrimination and crimes Poor Health Deforestation Poor drinking water Practice JariPratha Chhapadi (menstrual Traditional (Harmful taboo) Farming technique Traditional Practice) Poor hygiene High women work Polygamy and Sanitation load, 2o hours a day Disorganized High level of resist for Child marriage urbanization change Increasing Failure of VDC,DDC Unemployment Child labour Increasing No Suicide due to Telecommunication domestic practice violence Increasing trend No trained health Poor sanitation of drug abuse personnel at health and addiction institutions Import of foods Poor quality of education Political influence on Less responsible NGos administration JariPratha Poor health facility
Poor education Poor health condition Poor access transportation High Poverty
to
Conflict between IDPS and non-IDPs
High maternal mortality rate Absence of local government Disaster Gender violence discrimination
and
Deforestation
Remote
All groups have more or less same perceptions on issues that may trigger for conflict again. The identified common factors are; gender based violence, poor education, caste discrimination, poor health practices, traditional harmful practices (Chhaupadi, JariPratha, early marriage, polygamy), suicide, drug addiction, alcoholism, child labor, unorganized urbanization, lack of trust towards the political leaders and NGO workers, lack of transportation, power, sanitation and hygiene, unemployment, lack of accountability among local government bodies, lack of mechanization in farming and other daily activities. 4. The way forward/solutions: Participants discussed on all issues of conflict and identified the ways to resolve at their local level. Their description is mentioned in below table.
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Key issues for conflict
Ways forward
General factors for conflict Group 1 Unemployme Capacity building as Chapupadi nt Practice interest Educate the people
Deforestation Education Advocacy Plantation: one house/one 10 trees Lack of Advocacy health services JarriPratha Education, awareness Educate about the rights according to constitution Women empowerment Caste Education discriminatio Co-picnic n Interaction Legal education
Child marriage
Poor Sanitation Addiction
Increasing trend of Suicide due to domestic violence Poor New Child friendly Education technology envionemnt Teacher’s training Unplanned Education housing Governance Group 2 Domestic Advocacy on child Deforestation violence marriage , rules and regulations, education facility Unemployme Creation of new Lack of nt Electricity opportunities, justifiable, recruitment in placement, provide income generation skills, Less Civil education their Low
Ways forward
Awareness raising Interaction, Create pressure Men engagement Education Awareness raising Legal treatment School orientation Awareness raising Social norms reformulate and implementation Counseling Model village Skills development Engagement through sports and other creative actions
Skills development Counseling Coordination Networking
Discussion with stakeholders Plantation Awareness raising Proper planning Monitoring of the programs Create pressure
Reaching out the poor and
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responsible government and administratio n Caste discriminatio n
rights, duty responsibilities
and accountability among government services
Advocacy, togetherness in social activity, participate of lower caste people Polygamy Advocacy, minimization of women’s interference Deforestation Plantation Discuss with stakeholders Drugs’ Awareness rasiing Addiction Unemployme Aware to maanger nt villagers their house, Manage water supply Group Three Chhaupadi Awareness raising Home visit Poor water Home visit supply/sanita Advocacy tion Video show Polygamy, Legal awareness Jarripratha Awareness raising Domestic Women empowerment violence program Involve of women in employment Group four Poor good Disasters Awareness raise governance Advocacy campaign Social audit Gender based Raise awareness Poor violence Focus on women Sanitation empowerment Engaging men Caste Polygamy Awareness raising discriminatio Implementation of the n law Implementation of the
marginalized peoples Empower them Pressure create Advocacy
Plantation Earthquake proof housing Awareness raising Sanitation Water supply
Legal awareness Awareness raising
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law Unemployme Aware youth for Technology nt entrepreneurship Provide skills based training Creating enabling environment in local levels
Provide training Provision for marketing
From the group work, as a key factors of the conflict are; unemployment, caste discrimination, domestic violence, deforestation where as the rest of the factors are could be the associated factors for conflict. 5. Challenges around Transitional Justice in Nepal: Participants worked in group in order to explore the challenges in transitional justice in Nepal. Group 1 Political influence to bring truth Confidentiality Lack of evidences
Lack of trust Poor justice mechanism Lack of access to international legal system Lengthy process Not identify the real victim Some fake people getting compensate Partiality Power connection e.g.
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Truth Women can’t tell Political protection No publicize of the reality due to social for finding facts people who context and lack of Lack of evidences disappeared enabling of Not reaching out Lack environment accountability of the victims local peace committee No publicize of loss of property Justice Possibility is No guarantee for Political protection relapse of conflict justice Politicalization due to not getting Women may justice included May be the justice is not accepted by other party Reparation May not No guarantee of Mis use of data and return all captured return of the loss information property property Mis use of funds e.g. combatants Not getting equal No satisfaction compensation for among the victims No guarantee of the equal loss treatment of disability
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file disappeared Poor enforcement law Lack understanding the transitional justice Confusion Formation TRC delayed
of of of on
Sustainability INGO’s may use Poor enforcement Poor enforcement of as way for earning of legal provisions the data Lack of equal No address of all Lack of treatment for all victims accountability Lack of information Political disputes
of
While going through the four elements of the transitional justice, participants have high degree of doubt in placement of transitional justice and its through enforcement at local and direct affected communities due to lack of trust on government, political leaders/parties and ignorance on transitional justice and its dimensions. Recommendation: Transitional justice is very critical and should be considered before drafting the constitution in November 2014. Unfortunately, people like Jumla who were the most affected communities during the decade long more conflict in Nepal have not been consider with cases to analyzing the possibilities and relapse in this distinct. This type of training should be organized for all leaders in order to effectively help the transitional justice and peace building process in Nepal for sustained peace and justice.