University of Pennsylvania
Section of the hybrid shrimp pond based on silvofishery principles
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forested central platform 20 to 50 cm deep< 7 days
SILVOFISHERY POND CONSIDERATIONS As per the design recommendations provided by "Ecological Aquaculture" the pond are a combination of the Indonesian Empang Parit systems and the Vietnamese "shrimp mangrove" system. Following the design guidelines, the following considerations were made (Costa-Pierce, 2007): •
Mangrove area to open pond water area ratio (30-70%) to align with the SocioManglar policy allowing for regulation and enforcement
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Gate width ratio (cm/ha) - important in tidal flows and nutrient flux. should be > 50 cm/ha;
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Tidal amplitude range is 2.5 m
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Flow of water within a pond to prevent stagnation should be equivilent to low oxygen level < 4 ppm
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Depth of water and duration of flooding on the mangrove
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Depth and width of perimeter channel should be no more than2 meters wide
The pond is divided into smaller sections based on the maturity of the shrimp throughout their life cy-cles. The natural tidal amplitude provides the water and nutrient replenishment to the ponds without, or at least minimizing, the reliance on a pumping system. Mangroves within the pond utilize the central platform concept from the Empang Parit, while a larger shrimp pond follows the "shrimpmangrove" model with a larger open areas, easier to manage for shrimp cultivation. The system of canals allow for an additional culture of fish to be grown within the pond, adding to the nutrient cycles and providing a resilient economic mix. Mangroves provide the leaf debris which can feed the shrimp and fish. Additional trash fish, or fish parts that are not used can be dried and stored as feed or used immediately.