The Current Status of Carbon Free Energy Technologies
Figure 2.3-3 (a) Pelton turbine jet stream and bucket; (b) Turgo turbine jet stream and bucket; (c) Schematic diagram for cross turbine; (d) Plan view for multi-jet Pelton turbine (e) Turgo turbine; and (e) Cross low turbine
ii) Reaction turbines When the water is travelling across the runners, the potential energy is changed to kinetic energy, whereby the turbine runner will rotate in the water. The velocity diagram is shown in Figure 2.3-4 and the power developed by runners can be calculated by Equation (2.3-2) as follows: P= Ď QUturb( Uivwi-Uowo)
Eq. (2.3-2)
Note: Ui is not equal to Uo Figure 2.3-4 Velocity diagram of reaction turbine 21