Alienography

Do you recognise any of the characters on the sushi conveyor belt?

Chris Riddell (1962–) is an English illustrator.

– Or How to Spot an Alien Invasion and What to Do About it

UNDERSTANDING 1 True or False? If the statement is false, write what is true. a Aliens like to visit the popular sushi restaurant Ouch! b The sushi they serve here is alive. c Eating here is not fun. d Ouch! has two skulls. e The Celebrity Chef restaurant does not serve good food. f In this restaurant, you can eat chefs. g Cosmo Tentacles is the most famous head waiter in the universe. h The Celebrity Chef has one skull. CREATIVE CORNER 2 Draw – describe – draw. Draw an alien. Do not show it to anyone. Sit back to back with a partner and describe your alien while your partner draws. Then check your drawings. How did it go? Do the drawings look the same? UNDERSTANDING 1 True or False? If the statement is false, write what is true. a Aliens like to visit the popular sushi restaurant Ouch! b The sushi they serve here is alive. c Eating here is not fun. d Ouch! has two skulls. e The Celebrity Chef restaurant does not serve good food. f In this restaurant, you can eat chefs. g Cosmo Tentacles is the most famous head waiter in the universe. h The Celebrity Chef has one skull. CREATIVE CORNER 2 Draw – describe – draw. Draw an alien. Do not show it to anyone. Sit back to back with a partner and describe your alien while your partner draws. Then check your drawings. How did it go? Do the drawings look the same? Vurderingseksemplar

WRITING WORKSHOPWRITING WORKSHOP

3 Write a short text about the alien you drew in task 2. Give it a name and some 3 Write a short text about the alien you drew in task 2. Give it a name and characteristics. Finally, write what you would do if you ever met this alien. some characteristics. Finally, write what you would do if you ever met this alien.

LANGUAGE LABLANGUAGE LAB 113

4 Adjectives and adverbs 4 Adjectives and adverbs a Find all the adjectives in the text Alienography.a Find all the adjectives in the text Alienography. b Find all the adverbs in the text. b Find all the adverbs in the text. c Write two sentences, and use at least one of the adjectives and one of the adverbs you c Write two sentences, and use at least one of the adjectives and one of the found.adverbs you found.

Vurderingseksemplar

conveyor belt samlebånd alienography leksikon over romvesener spot få øye på, gjenkjenne alien romvesen predator rovdyr stunning array fantastisk utvalg slum it her: spise enkelt freighter fraktskip recommended anbefalt option valg, alternativ available tilgjengelig freshly caught nyfanget celebrity kjendis chef kokk skulls hodeskaller upmarket dyr og fin hype forventning contains inneholder disappointingly skuffende tasteless smakløse head waiter hovmester

Have you ever seen a shooting star? Do you know what you can do if you see a shooting star?

shooting star stjerneskudd, meteor stargazing stjernekikking billion milliard the Milky Way Melkeveien patterns mønstre constellations stjernebilder mythological mytologisk supposed to skal serpent slange far apart langt fra hverandre the Ancient Greeks de gamle grekerne goddess gudinne sting stikke the Big Dipper Karlsvogna recognize kjenne igjen actually faktisk streak of light lysstripe dust støv

Stargazing

There are between 200 and 400 billion stars in our galaxy, the

Milky Way. We cannot see all of these stars from Earth, though.

To enjoy stargazing, you need a clear night. You should try to stay away from streetlight. The darker it is, the better. On a really dark night, you can see over a thousand stars. Throughout history, people have looked at the sky at night and seen patterns formed by the stars. These patterns are called constellations. People gave the constellations names and even made up stories about them. Today, there are 88 official constellations. Many of them are named after animals, gods or other mythological creatures. They are supposed to look like men and women, birds, insects, animals, a river, a dragon and a serpent, among other things. The stars that form a constellation seem close to each other, but they are actually far apart in space. The Ancient Greeks saw a figure in the nighttime sky that they thought was one of their gods, Orion. Behind him was a constellation they thought looked like a scorpion. Greek mythology describes Orion as a very good hunter. One day, he decided to kill all the wild animals on Earth. But the Earth goddess, Gaia, who was the mother of all animals, did not want this to happen. She made an enormous scorpion sting Orion to death, and then put both of them in the sky. Orion the Hunter is a well-known constellation around the world. Another well-known constellation is the “Big Dipper”. The Big Dipper is part of a bigger constellation called Ursa Major, which means the “Big Bear”. Once you have learned to Vurderingseksemplar recognize the Big Dipper, you can always find Polaris, the

North Star. Polaris sits directly over the North Pole and does not move. All the other stars rotate around it. It is 430 light years away. This means that its light takes 430 years to reach us. If it burned out today, we would still be able to see its light for the next 430 years. If you ever go out at night to stargaze, remember to look for shooting stars! A shooting star is actually not a star at all.

It is a streak of light caused by dust and rocks hitting the atmosphere and burning up. They are called meteors. If you see one, though, be sure to make a wish. You never know if it might come true ...

Vurderingseksemplar

The ancient Greeks gave the constellations their beautiful names. Have you seen any of them in the night sky?

UNDERSTANDING

1 Answer the questions. a How many stars are there in our galaxy? b What is a constellation? c How many official constellations are there? d What does Ursa Major mean? e What is another name for Polaris? f How many light years away is Polaris? g What is a shooting star?

VIEWPOINTS

2 Why do you think famous and talented people are called “stars”? MATHS MOVES 3 Some scientists claim that there could be as many as 500 galaxies like ours in the universe. Each of them may have as many stars as the Milky Way. If each galaxy has 300 billion stars, and there are 500 galaxies, how many stars are there in the universe? 4 According to the text, Polaris is 430 light years away. If it burns up in 2025, when will we know it is gone? VOCABULARY 5 Working with a word in different ways is useful when you want to Vurderingseksemplar learn new vocabulary. Making simple illustrations is one way to do this. Choose five new words from the text and make an illustration for each of them.

The Milky Way has different names in different languages. Arabic Straw Path Chinese Silver River Japanese River of Heaven Swedish Winter Street Turkish Pilgrim’s Way

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CREATIVE CORNER

Your name A L I C I A A B C D E F G H I 6 My constellation Get a piece of squared paper from your teacher. Write the alphabet vertically and your name horizontally, like in this example. Make a star in the box for all the letters of your name in a table, like Alicia has done here. Look at the “stars” and find a pattern. Connect the dots so that you get a picture of your constellation. Find a name for your constellation and create a myth about it. Present your constellation and myth in class. WRITING WORKSHOP 7 The text “Stargazing” is a five-paragraph text. Find the following things: a the introduction b the three main points in the body c the topic sentence in the third paragraph d the conclusionVurderingseksemplar J K L M N

Work in small groups. Make a list of all of the words that you know related to the universe.

To Infinity and Beyond!

related to som har å gjøre med infinity evigheten beyond bortenfor fascinated fascinert mankind menneskeheten ancestors forfedre created skapt charted kartla disovered oppdaget consists of består av several flere exploration utforsking developed utviklet blasted skjøt survive overleve achieved oppnådd leap sprang spend time tilbringe tid research forskning scientists forskere greenhouse drivhus artificial kunstige orbit kretser amazing fantastiske

The universe has fascinated mankind since the beginning of time. When our ancestors observed the night sky, they asked the same questions we do: What is out there? How was it created? Where does it end? Early people charted the movements of the sun, Moon, planets and stars. They tried to explain what they saw. People thought that the Earth was the center of the universe, and that all the other planets and stars moved around it. In the 1500s, astronomers discovered that the Earth moves around the sun, and that the universe consists of several galaxies. They gave our galaxy the name the Milky Way. In modern times, new technology has made space exploration possible. The Russians developed the first space rockets. In 1957, the first satellite, Sputnik I, blasted into space on a Russian rocket. Later that year a dog named Laika left Earth in Sputnik II. Unfortunately, Laika did not survive the journey. In 1961 Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human in space. He returned to Earth a hero. After the successful Russian space adventure, the Americans wanted to do better. The goal was to put a man on the Moon before 1970. This goal was achieved in 1969. Astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the Moon, and spoke his famous words: “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for Vurderingseksemplar mankind.” The International Space Station, or ISS, is a research laboratory in space. Scientists from many different countries spend time living and doing research there. The Norwegian

Space Centre is involved in some ISS projects. A mini greenhouse on the ISS was developed in Norway. It tests how plants can grow in space. Like many artificial satellites, you can see the ISS move across the night sky. Telescopes that orbit above the Earth’s atmosphere can take extremely sharp pictures. The most famous space telescopes are Hubble and Kepler. Hubble has been sending amazing pictures back to Earth for about thirty years.

Kepler’s mission was to find new planets where there might be life. During its nine years in space, from 2009 to 2018, Kepler found more than 2600 planets. Scientists think some of them could have the conditions needed for life: a solid surface, an atmosphere, an energy source and water. Venus is Earth’s closest neighbour, but missions cannot go there because it is covered with volcanoes. Several missions, however, have been sent to cold, dry Mars to look for life on the planet. Before technology is sent to Mars, it is often tested on Svalbard. Many people dream that one day we will send humans to Mars. The SpaceX Mars program plans to transport people to Mars in reusable spaceships. The aim is to establish a human colony on Mars. But there are many challenges that need to be resolved first. For instance, a human colony would need a supply of water, food and energy. Scientists also need to know more about how the long trip through space and the atmosphere on Mars can affect the human body.

Even though we have learned and discovered many things, the universe is still a fascinating and mysterious place. Will scientists find extraterrestrial life? Will we have space tourism to the Moon or a human colony on Mars in the future?

VurderingseksemplarAstronaut Mae Jamison was the first AfricanAmerican woman in space. Here she is working on the Space Shuttle Endeavour. might be kan være conditions vilkår solid surface fast overflate source kilde mission oppdrag reusable gjenbrukbare resolved løst extraterrestrial utenomjordisk

UNDERSTANDING

1 Answer the questions. a What was discovered in the 1500s? b Which country developed the first space rockets? c Who was the first man in space? d Who put the first human footprint on the Moon? e What is the name of Norsk Romsenter in English? f What is Hubble? g What conditions are needed for life? h Where do scientists often test Mars technology? i What is the aim of the SpaceX Mars program?

VIEWPOINTS

2 Discuss the questions. a Do you think scientists will find extraterrestrial life? b Do you think we will have space tourism to the Moon? c Do you think there will be a human colony on Mars in the future? d Would you travel to the Moon? e Would you go to live on Mars? VOCABULARY 3 Synonyms Replace each underlined word with a synonym from the list. person circle researchers evidence large shotVurderingseksemplar watched wonderful a The universe is huge. large b Our ancestors observed the night sky. c He found proof for the idea. d The first human in space was Russian. e The rocket blasted into space. f Satellites orbit above Earth. g The telescope takes amazing pictures. h Scientists stay on the space station.

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LANGUAGE LAB

4 Possessives Add the missing apostrophe. a The suns movements The sun’s movements b Jupiters moons c Neil Armstrongs words d NASAs program e The projects purpose f Hubbles pictures g Keplers mission h The planets surface i Mars surface 5 Adverbs Translate the sentences to Norwegian. Underline the adverbs or adverb phrases in your sentences. a Work hard, dream big, never give up. Jobb hardt, drøm stort, aldri gi opp. b A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away c Cry about it tonight, fix it tomorrow. d Will it be easy? Nope. Will it be worth it? Absolutely. e We can talk later. f It’s now or never. g It’s already tomorrow in Australia. 6 Translate the sentences to English. Underline the adverbs or adverb phrases in your sentences. a Hvis ikke nå, når? If not now, when? b Er romskipet der fortsatt? c Du kan ikke alltid få det du vil ha.Vurderingseksemplar d Den som prøver å tråkke deg ned, er allerede under deg. e Vær deg selv. Alle andre er allerede tatt. f Hold ut, du er nesten fremme. g Jeg velger å være glad i dag.

DIGITAL DIVE

7 Explore NASA’s website for teens at imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov. Write down eight things you learn on the site. Share what you learn with your class.

Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet

CREATIVE CORNER 8 Memorize This is a learning strategy that you can use to memorize a list in order. Make a phrase where each word begins with the same letter as something in the list. For example, to memorize the colors of the rainbow, you can use: Vurderingseksemplar

Robert Of York Goes Bananas In Vegas.

Make a phrase to help you memorize the eight planets of the solar system, in order from the sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.