In the Time of Pandemic

Describe the photo on page 53. Write 2–3 sentences.

Kitty O’Meara is an American writer and retired teacher.

This poem was written in the spring of 2020, during the coronavirus pandemic. At the time, most of the world was in lockdown. O’Meara’s message of hope and healing went viral on social media. Her words gave people comfort.

KITTY O’MEARA In the Time of Pandemic And the people stayed home. And they listened, and read books, and rested, and exercised, and made art, and played games, and learned new ways of being, and were still. And they listened more deeply. Some meditated, some prayed, some danced. Some met their shadows. And the people began to think differently.prayed ba The word viral comes from the word virus. When something goes viral on the internet, it spreads like a virus. Vurderingseksemplar healed ble helbredet And the people healed.in the absence of i fravær av And, in the absence of people living in ignorant, ignorant uvitende dangerous, and heartless ways, the earth began to heal.the danger passed faren gikk over And when the danger passed, and the people joined grieved their losses together again, they grieved their losses, and made new sørget over det de hadde tapt choices, and dreamed new images, and created new ways to live and heal the earth fully, as they had been healed.

UNDERSTANDING 1 Answer the questions. a Who are “the people”? b Why did the people stay home? c What did the people do? d What happened after the danger passed? e What had healed?Vurderingseksemplar

VIEWPOINTS

2 Answer the questions. a What do you think the line “Some met their shadows” means? b Why do you think people started “to think differently”? c In what “ignorant, dangerous, and heartless ways” do you think the people were living before? d What new ways to live do you think the people will choose now? e Is the poem optimistic or pessimistic about the future of planet earth? f In what ways does the earth need to heal? g What do you think is the message of the poem?

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LANGUAGE LAB – PREPOSITIONS

3 Copy the text and fill in the missing prepositions. Choose from the list below.

by after in with of around

The coronavirus pandemic is the worst global health crisis ___ recent history. ___ the virus emerged ___ China ___ late 2019, it quickly spread ___ the world, ___ millions of cases and thousands ___ deaths. Countries raced to slow the spread ___ the virus ___ testing and treating patients, limiting travel, and cancelling large gatherings such as sporting events, concerts and schools. People had to practice “social distancing” and wash their hands regularly ___ soap and water. WRITING WORKSHOP 4 Write 1–2 paragraphs about the impact of the corona lockdown on you. Here are some questions to get you going. • Where were you when you heard about the lockdown? Who told you? What did they say? • How did you react? What did you say and do? What were your thoughts? What did people around you say and do? • How did your life change during lockdown? What was positive? What was negative? • What did you learn from the lockdown? • How did you feel when the lockdown ended? What are your fears and hopes for the future? Vurderingseksemplar

CREATIVE CORNER

5 Choose one of the tasks. a Make a video presentation of the poem, using text, images, and audio. b Make a poster of the poem, using text and images. c Draw an illustration for one of the lines from the poem.

Include the line of text on your drawing. d Rewrite the poem in Norwegian or another language you know.

ORAL PRACTICE

1 Choose one of these topics and give a speech. Use the structure of a 5-paragraph text: introduction, three main points, and a conclusion. • Advice for new pupils • My idols • How to be a good friend • Staying healthy

Tips for giving a speech: • Make eye contact with your audience • Speak loudly and clearly • Speak slowly enough • Choose a topic you care about • Practice makes perfect

2 Tell about a medical emergency that you witnessed. Work in pairs or groups. • What happened? • Where were you? • When did it happen? • Who was there? • What did you do? • How did it go? ou witnessed.

WRITING PRACTICEVurderingseksemplar

3 It is Saturday night, and you and your friends are at a party.

Suddenly a boy falls to the floor, unconscious. Write the story. 4 Create a text on how to stay healthy and happy.

Use examples from your own life. 5 Create a text for parents with advice about how they should treat their teenager. 6 Think about a time when you had a good, long laugh.

Write about what happened. 7 Write an article for a newspaper about young people, clothes and peer pressure. 8 Create a text where you reflect on what the coronavirus pandemic has meant to you, to someone you know, or to people in general.

PREPOSISJONER PREPOSITIONS

En preposisjon er et ord som forteller om sted eller tid. Online dictionaries

British English: dictionary.cambridge.org

American English: merriam-webster.com

She is in the garden. The train leaves at 5 o’clock.

Det kan være vanskelig å lære seg hvilken preposisjon vi skal bruke. Hvis du f.eks. er usikker på om det heter «at school» eller «on school», kan du slå opp ordet «school» i en ordbok. Da vil du få opp eksempelsetninger som viser at det heter «at school». FINNE RIKTIG PREPOSISJON FINDING THE CORRECT PREPOSITION 1 Translate these phrases to English. a på arbeid b om ettermiddagen c på flyplassen d en gave til deg e til salgs f på samme tid STEDSPREPOSISJONER PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE Her er noen av de vanligste stedspreposisjonene: at in on Vurderingseksemplar

Specific place or event Et bestemt sted eller hendelse Enclosed space (inside) Innenfor et avgrenset område Surface (on top of) På, oppå

at home

at work

at school in the garden in my mind in the kitchen on the road

on the bike

on the roof

at 321 Sunrise Ave. in the classroom on Sunrise Avenue

at the airport at someone’s house

at a party in the car

in my room in the building on Mars

on the menu

on the way

2 Find the correct preposition. Use an online dictionary if you need help. a Ali is at home. b Your sister is ___ the kitchen. c Look at the bird ___ the roof! d Last night there was a fox ___ the garden. e My parents were ___ a party and I was ___ my room. f Why aren’t you ___ school? g Let’s see what is ___ the menu. h Dad, are you ___ the living room? i No, I am ___ the bathroom.

Disse stedspreposisjonene bør du kunne:

IN FRONT OF

BEHIND ABOVE Vurderingseksemplar

BETWEEN ON UNDER

IN NEAR BESIDE

3 Use each of the prepositions of place in sentences about something that you can see in the classroom.

For instance: Kevin sits next to me. The clock is above the whiteboard.

4 Work with a partner and take turns. One person thinks of an object in the picture below. The other person asks yes/no questions to find out which object it is.

Is it near the lamp? Is it on the desk?

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TIDSPREPOSISJONER PREPOSITIONS OF TIME

Her er noen vanlige uttrykk med tidspreposisjoner:

at time meals holidays age parts of the day at 5 o’clock at lunch at Christmas at the age of 12 at noon

in parts of the day with the months years centuries seasons in the morning in March in 2012 in the 3rd century in spring

on weekdays dates specific days

on Monday on the 23rd on Christmas Day 5 Find the correct preposition. a My birthday is in November. b I will be there ___ four o’clock. c ___ the winter I like to go skiing. d I like to get up early ___ the morning. e See you ___ Saturday! f I started school ___ the age of five. g The English test is ___ the 20th of April. h We will visit Grandma again ___ the spring. i I saw Mum ___ breakfast. j Her birthday is ___ Monday. k In Norway, we open Christmas presents ___ Christmas Eve. Vurderingseksemplar Andre tidspreposisjoner du bør kunne er since, for, until, by og after. Her er noen eksempler på hvordan de brukes: I haven’t seen my cousin since last year. She has lived in Australia for two years. She won’t come home until next summer. She needs to be home by August, because her sister is getting married. I don’t think she will go back to Australia after the wedding. 6 Translate the sentences above to Norwegian.

Ago Utrykk med ago bør du merke deg spesielt. Se på forskjellen mellom norsk og engelsk:

Hun flyttet til England for to år siden. She moved to England two years ago.

Det er ikke noe «for» i det engelske uttrykket.

7 Translate these sentences to English. a Vi kom hit for fem år siden. b Jeg spurte læreren for to timer siden. c Han sendte brevet for tre uker siden. d Ringte du meg for fem minutter siden?

8 Do you know the difference? Make a sentence with each of these time expressions to show you know the difference: • two days ago • for two days • in two days

9 Find the correct preposition a There is nobody here. Everyone is ___ the garden, except

Dad, who is ___ work. He left ___ 6.30 this morning. After work, he will pick up my uncle ___ the airport. They will be home for dinner ___ 7 o’clock this evening. b My birthday is ___ the summer. It is ___ the 12th of July.

My family and I are usually ___ vacation ___ my birthday.

I have celebrated my birthday ___ four different countries.

Last summer we went ___ Italy ___ three weeks.

Two years ___, I celebrated in Sweden.

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BINDEORD LINKING WORDS

This writing lesson teaches you • to use linking words • to write a five-paragraph text

so then

I dette skrivekurset skal du øve på å bruke bindeord.

Noen bindeord kan brukes for å fortelle hvilken rekkefølge noe skjer i. Disse bindeordene kan vi også kalle rekkefølgeord, eller sequence words.

first

LATER finally IMPROVE YOUR WRITING PART 1

First, whisk the eggs and the sugar. Next, add the milk and a pinch of salt. Finally, add the flour and whisk to a smooth batter. 1 Work in pairs. Tell each other about what you did yesterday, using five of the sequence words above. 2 Write a description of how to cook your favourite meal, using at least five sequence words.Vurderingseksemplar

Bindeord brukes også til å binde en setning til den forrige setningen: I had spent all my money on a gift for my brother. As a result, I had to borrow money for the train ride.

My parents had every reason to be upset with me. I had forgotten to do my chores. I had also started an argument with my brother that morning. In addition, I had spent all my birthday money on sweets. Yet Mum seemed cheerful and smiled at me when I came home. What was going on?

And og but er vanlige bindeord i muntlig språk. Disse kan brukes skriftlig også, men når vi skriver bør vi helst unngå And ... eller But ... i starten av setninger, spesielt i formelle tekster. Noen ganger kan vi bare stryke dem, andre ganger passer det best å erstatte dem med mer presise bindeord. Her er en liste over nyttige bindeord som kan skape sammenheng og flyt i teksten din: Order and sequence First ... second ... third First ... then ... next ... finally Then ... now ... soon ... later Example For example For instance Addition Also In addition Another Moreover Furthermore Contrast However On the other hand Yet Though/ even though Although Despite Comparison As Just as Like Not only ... but also Similarly Result and consequence As a result Therefore So Vurderingseksemplar Due to Consequently Thus

Conclusion In conclusion To summarise All in all To sum up This means that

3 Find words or expressions to replace and or but. a I had forgotten my best friend’s birthday, but he wasn’t upset. yet b She seemed very happy that my seat was next to hers, and she offered me a piece of chocolate. c The public cheered for their team, but it did not play very well. d He arrived late for the interview, and he didn’t get the job. e Studying in the USA is very expensive, but many Norwegians dream about studying there. g My parents want to buy this house because it is big enough for our family, and the garden is beautiful.

4 Look at and discuss how the text changes when we use linking words to make better connections between the sentences.

Many Norwegians study abroad. It is expensive. You can learn a lot. You can learn a language. You get to know a new culture. You make new friends. Many people think it is worth the cost.

Many Norwegians study abroad, even though it is expensive. However, you can learn a lot. One of the things you learn from studying abroad is language. In addition, you get to know a new culture and you also make new friends. Therefore, many people think it is worth the cost.

5 The text below has no linking words. Rewrite the text, focusing on how to make better connections between the sentences by using linking words.

Yesterday was the worst day ever! I overslept. I was late for school. The teacher gave me a note. We had a foreign language test which I had forgotten about. My best friend was upset. I forgot that it was her birthday. At lunch she would not talk to me. I got home, it turned out I had left the front door open in the morning. The dog had run away. The neighbour called my mum at work. She had to leave work to go home and take care of it. She was furious. She grounded me for the rest of the week.

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FEMAVSNITTSTEKSTER FIVE-PARAGRAPH TEXTS

I Stages 8 lærte du om femavsnittstekster. Dette er tekster som består av en innledning, en hoveddel med tre avsnitt og en avslutning.

6 Work with a partner. Discuss what is meant by the words hook, thesis and body in the illustration on page 65. 7 In Chapter 1, you read a five-paragraph text called “Healthy and Happy”. Go to the text on page 18 and find the following: a the introduction and thesis b the three main points in the body c the topic sentence in the third paragraph d the conclusion 8 Look closely at the second paragraph in “Healthy and Happy”. a What is the topic sentence? b What are the supporting points and examples that come later in the paragraph? c Do you see a connection or link to the topic sentence? 9 Find linking words in the text “Healthy and Happy”. Make a list. How many did you find? Vurderingseksemplar

FIVE-PARAGRAPH TEXT

5 CONCLUSION summarize, clarify, wrap up 1 INTRODUCTION hook, background information, thesis 2 BODY main point 1 + support main point 1 + support 4 main point 1 + support 3 Vurderingseksemplar