Home

Imagery in poetry is language that appeals to our senses, so that the reader can imagine how something feels, tastes, smells or what it looks like. One of the images in this poem is “home is the mouth of a shark”. What do you think this means? How would you feel if your home was like “the mouth of a shark”?

Warsan Shire (1988–) is a British poet. Her parents are from

WARSAN SHIRE

imagery språklige bilder appeals to henvender seg til, appellerer til border grense dizzy svimmel tin factory hermetikkfabrikk chase jage anthem her: nasjonalsang under your breath veldig lavt tear up rive i stykker Somalia. Home No one leaves home unless home is the mouth of a shark. You only run for the border when you see the whole city running as well. The boy you went to school with, who kissed you dizzy behind the old tin factory is holding a gun bigger than his body. You only leave home when home won’t let you stay. No one would leave home unless home chased you. It’s not something you ever thought about doing, so when you did, you carried the anthem under your breath, waiting until the airport toilet to tear up the passport and swallow, each mournful mouthful making it clear you would not be going back. Vurderingseksemplar mournful trist mouthful munnfull No one puts their children in a boat unless the water is safer stomach mage than the land. No one would choose days and nights in the fence gjerde rape voldta stomach of a truck, unless the miles traveled meant somestarved utsultet thing more than the journey. pitied en man synes synd på refugee camp flyktning- No one would choose to crawl under fences, beaten until leir stripped and searched your shadow leaves, raped, forced off the boat because you å måtte kle av seg for are darker, drowned, sold, starved, shot at the border like a å bli kroppsvisitert av politi eller vakter sick animal, pitied. No one would choose to make a refugee survive overleve camp a home for a year or two or ten, stripped and searched, finding prison everywhere. And if you survive,

greeted on the other side – Go home Blacks, dirty refugees, sucking our country dry of milk, dark with their hands out, smell strange, savage, look what they’ve done to their own countries, what will they do to ours?

The insults are easier to swallow than finding your child’s body in the rubble.

I want to go home, but home is the mouth of a shark. Home is the barrel of a gun. No one would leave home unless home chased you to the shore. No one would leave home until home is a voice in your ear saying – leave, run, now. I don’t know what I’ve become.

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greeted tatt imot savage villmann insult fornærmelse, krenkelse rubble ruinene etter en ødelagt bygning barrel of a gun pistolløp shore strand

A refugee is a person who has fled war, violence, conflict or persecution and has crossed an international border to find safety in another country. Source: UNHCR

An immigrant is a person who has come to a foreign country in order to live there.

stanza vers means of transportation transportmidler

UNDERSTANDING

1 Answer the questions. a What is the situation described in the first two stanzas? b Stanza number four quotes some cruel things people might say to a refugee or an immigrant. Why, according to the poet, would a refugee rather hear these things than stay in their home country? c What means of transportation are mentioned in the poem?

VOCABULARY

2 Find the images in the poem starting with “home is …” and copy them. What feelings do you associate with these images? Choose among the words in the word cloud. grateful content threatenedsafe embarrassed happy terrified insecure afraid resentful healthy

delightedVurderingseksemplar amused

3 Look up the words refugee, asylum seeker, immigrant, emigrant and migrant in an online dictionary. Discuss the terms with a partner and make sure you understand the difference between them.

VIEWPOINTS

4 Discuss the questions. a Look at the first stanza. Is there a good memory from home? b Look at the second stanza. Why do you think someone would tear up their passport in an airport toilet? c Look at the third stanza. Why do you think they would travel in “the stomach of a truck”? d What do you think is the message of the poem?

SPEAKING SPOT

5 Discuss in groups. a Do you know examples of people who have fled from Norway because they had to? b Do you know examples of people who have moved from Norway to seek better opportunities? DIGITAL DIVE 6 Find out where most asylum seekers to Norway came from last year. What are some of the routes that people use to get to Europe? What means of transportation do they use? What risks do they face on the way here? Write 5–7 sentences.Vurderingseksemplar

Refugees crossing the sea in a rubber boat.

ORAL PRACTICE

1 Give a minitalk about a human right. Explain why you think it is important and in what ways this right is relevant for your life.

Tips for your minitalk or speech: • Speak slowly. • Use keywords. Don’t read from a manuscript. • Look at your audience.

2 Roleplay Work with a partner. Imagine that one of you is a TV reporter and the other one is an eyewitness to the killing of either Trayvon Martin or George Floyd. The reporter interviews the eyewitness about the incident.

WRITING PRACTICE 3 Write a five-paragraph essay about the importance of voting. Explain why partici-pating in a democracy is important. Give examples of societies where people have not had/do not have the right to vote. Explain what the right to vote means to you. 4 Write a five-paragraph essay about the advantages and challenges of living in a multicultural society. Use sources and include a quote or some statistics. 5 Create a text about someone who is a victim of racism.Vurderingseksemplar 6 Analyse one of the poems in this chapter. Tips for analysing poems • What is the poem about? • Who is speaker in the poem? • What is the tone of the poem? Sad, happy, melancholy, bitter? • What is the theme? • What can you say about the language? (imagery) • What can you say about sound and rhythm? • What can you say about structure? (stanzas, line breaks, punctuation)

ORDET «SOM» PÅ ENGELSK WHO, WHICH OR THAT

Engelsk har flere ord som tilsvarer det norske ordet som. Disse kalles relative pronouns. De viktigste er who, which og that. LANGUAGE WORK

NÅR BRUKER VI WHO OG WHICH? WHEN DO WE USE WHO AND WHICH?

Who brukes bare om mennesker. Jonathan, who loves to talk about cars, came over to look at Mum’s new Tesla.

Which brukes bare om ting. Mum’s new car, which is a Tesla, is bigger than her last car. 1 Who or which? Find the missing relative pronoun. a The Book Thief, ___ is a wonderful book, was written by Marcus Zusak. b The woman, ___ I know I know from somewhere, didn’t say her name. c The bridge, ___ is the oldest bridge in the country, crosses the river by the church. d The nearest school, ___ has 200 pupils, is going to close next year. e My friend Henry, ___ likes to play ice hockey, loves winter. f We stayed at the Ritz, ___ is the most expensive hotel in the city. g The car, ___ was red when they bought it, is now turquoise. h George, ___ had already asked Katie to the prom, did not know what to answer when Lisa asked if they could go together.Vurderingseksemplar

NÅR BRUKER VI THAT? WHEN DO WE USE THAT?

Når vi skal spesifisere hvem eller hva vi snakker om, kan vi velge om vi vil bruke who/that eller which/that. Angie Thomas is the author who wrote The Hate U Give. Angie Thomas is the author that wrote The Hate U Give. The black dog is the one which bit me. The black dog is the one that bit me.

Dersom vi legger til ekstra informasjon, bruker vi who eller which. Angie Thomas, who was born in 1988, wrote The Hate U Give. The dog, which had run away from the owner, bit me. 2 Find the missing relative pronoun in each sentence. Remember that in some sentences, there can be more than one correct answer. a This is the house ___ my cousin built. b I need to talk to the person ___ sat next to me on the train. c The woman ___ called refused to say her name. d My grandfather, ___ is 80, loves to dance. e The car ___ hit my bike was blue. f Where is the money ___ was on the table? g Do you know the girl ___ Tony is talking to? h Don’t blame me for everything ___ has gone wrong. i Sky Brown, ___ is only 13, is a professional skateboarder. j Write a list of things ___ make you happy. k This is the green sweater ___ I bought yesterday. l My bike, ___ was brand new, was stolen last week. m That is the thief ___ stole my phone. n The trip, ___ had been postponed four times, had to be postponed again. Vurderingseksemplar 3 Relative pronoun bingo Find someone who … Get a handout from your teacher. Tick the box when you find someone who answers yes. The first pupil to tick four squares in a row yells BINGO! and wins.

BINGO!

This writing lesson teaches you • to evaluate source reliability • to use quotes and references

KILDER, SITATER OG REFERANSER SOURCES, QUOTES AND REFERENCES

I dette skrivekurset skal du øve deg på å tenke over hva som er en troverdig kilde til informasjon. Du skal også lære hvordan du kan sitere og bruke referanser når du skriver selv.

VURDER KILDENS TROVERDIGHET EVALUATE SOURCE RELIABILITYVurderingseksemplar

Tror du på alt du ser på TV? Sannsynligvis ikke. Du bør ikke tro på alt som er skrevet heller. Når du finner informasjon og leser sakprosatekster, bør du alltid vurdere troverdigheten til kilden. Internett er en fantastisk ressurs. Det gir deg tilgang til uendelig mange informasjonskilder som du kan bruke både i skolearbeidet og i hverdagen. Det er viktig at de kildene du bruker er pålitelige, men hvordan kan du vite om en kilde er pålitelig? Som regel bør du kunne stole på informasjonen du finner på nettsteder til seriøse aviser, tidsskrifter, leksikon, tv-kanaler, forlag, forsknings- og utdanningsinstitusjoner og store ideelle organisasjoner. Det er likevel alltid lurt å kryss-sjekke informasjonen du finner. Bruk sjekklisten på side 123.

Du bør være skeptisk til kommersielle nettsteder og nettsteder der hvem som helst kan legge ut hva de vil, spesielt hvis innholdet handler om politikk eller religion.

De to siste bokstavene i nettadressen viser hvilket land nettstedet ligger i. NB! Dette gjelder ikke i USA.

.no – Norge .uk – Storbritannia .ca – Canada .au – Australia .za – Sør-Afrika .in – India .pk – Pakistan

I tillegg brukes det en internasjonal kode på de fleste nettsteder som viser hva slags organisasjon som står bak nettstedet: .ac, .edu = utdanning (education) .co, .com = kommersielt (company, commercial) .gov = lokale og nasjonale myndigheter (government) .org = ikke-kommersiell organisasjon

Wikipedia generally uses reliable secondary sources, but we always need to crosscheck information that we find there. Anyone can edit information on Wikipedia at any time, so the information it contains at a particular time could be vandalism, a work in progress, or just plain wrong.

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ANBEFALTE KILDER SOM GIR TROVERDIG INFORMASJON RECOMMENDED SOURCES THAT GIVE RELIABLE INFORMATION

britannica.com (leksikon på nett) un.org (internasjonale forhold, bærekraftsmål, konflikter, informasjon om land, etc.) nasa.gov (verdensrommet, astronomi) nasa.gov/kidsclub (verdensrommet, astronomi) nationalgeographic.org (naturvitenskap, historie, geografi) census.gov (offisielle statistikker, USA) ons.gov.uk (offisielle statistikker, Storbritannia) reuters.com (nyheter) timeforkids.com (nyheter) bbc.com (nyheter)

Checklist When evaluating whether a source is reliable or not, you need to consider: • Do other sources support the information in the source? Does it agree with other sources on the same topic when you crosscheck it? Can you find more evidence that what the source says is true? • What is the purpose of the source? Is it meant to inform the reader, such as an encyclopaedia? Or does it have another purpose such as selling something, entertaining, provoking or convincing the reader of something, like for example a website for a political party? • Is the source updated? Check the date your source was published. Is it old and possibly outdated? • Is the source objective? Does it present only one perspective or argument, or only one side of an issue? Does it present one person’s opinion or a general truth? • Who is behind the source? Check who has written the information and check the web address (the url). Does the writer have any expertise on the subject? Let’s say an article tells you to take vitamins. Is the person who wrote the article a medical doctor? If yes, is the article published on a website meant for information or is the website selling vitamins?Vurderingseksemplar

1 Discuss with a partner. a Which of the bullet points in the checklist on page 123 do you usually consider before you use a source? b Which of the bullet points do you think is the most important one and why? c Give an example of an online source that you have used that you find reliable.

Why do you trust this source?

2 Discuss with a partner. a What makes you trust or distrust a source? b Have you ever come across information that you did not trust? What made you question the reliability? c What can happen if you use information from an unreliable source in your school work? Never rely on only one source. Crosscheck the information with other sources. BILDER OG VIDEO PICTURES AND VIDEOS Fotografier, bilder og film er også kilder til informasjon. Men her må du også være kildekritisk. Disse kan manipuleres eller de kan publiseres i sammenhenger som endrer forståelsen av hva vi ser. De fleste er bevisste på at bilder og videoer brukt i sosiale medier eller i reklame kan være manipulert. Men også journalister, nyhetsmedier, myndigheter og andre kan publisere manipulerte bilder og videoer. 3 Discuss with a partner. a Do you trust this picture? Why or why not? What does it show? Vurderingseksemplar b Does the picture on the right prove that elephants can be genetically modified to have black and white stripes? c Have you come across pictures or videos that lie? Where? Give examples. d Go through the bullet points in the checklist again. Do the same points apply to pictures and videos?

4 Find an example of fake news or false information on the internet. Present your fake news to each other in groups. Explain how you know that this is unreliable.

SITERE FRA OG REFERERE TIL KILDER USING QUOTES AND REFERENCES

Når du har funnet en troverdig kilde som du ønsker å bruke i en skriftlig tekst, kan du enten sitere eller referere.

Når du siterer må du være nøye med å referere akkurat det som ble sagt eller står skrevet. Da bruker du anførselstegn: Malala said, “One child, one teacher, one book, and one pen can change the world. Education is the only solution”.

Du kan også velge å referere til en kilde. Da bruker du ikke anførselstegn: In his speech, Martin Luther King, Jr. said that he had a dream that was deeply rooted in the American dream. 5 Write a short text about Martin Luther King, Jr. and include a quote from his “I Have a Dream” speech. 6 Read a news article from one of the news sites in the recommended sources on page 122. Write a paragraph where you sum up the main message from the article without copying from the news source. 7 Write four sentences that refer to information that you get from the infographic on systemic racism on pages 94–95. You can use these starters: • The chart on page 94 shows that … • According to the infographic, … • As presented on page 94, … • As we can see from the infographic, …Vurderingseksemplar 8 The topic in chapter 2 is Democracy and Citizenship. Why is it important that everyone has access to reliable news and information in a democracy? Write one or two paragraphs, and use at least one quote and one refenrence.