Analysis of the Impacts of Migration large changes in the stock of migrants against changes in native employment rates in regions with small changes in the stock of migrants. We also control for factors which might explain differences in native employment rates between regions and over time. A.4
This analysis uses average annual data for Great Britain from 1975 to 2010 from the Labour Force Survey (LFS). This study divides Great Britain into the following 11 regions: North East; Yorkshire and the Humber; East Midlands; East Anglia; Greater London; South East; South West; West Midlands; North West; Wales; and Scotland. LFS data are biennial for the period 1975 to 1983 and annual for the period 1983 to 2010.
A.5
Migrants can be defined by country of birth or nationality. We identify individuals by their country of birth. By using country of birth we will include British citizen born abroad and foreign-born individuals who subsequently acquired British citizenship.
A.6
Migrants and natives are therefore defined as foreign-born and UKborn individuals respectively, while non-EU and EU migrants are defined as non-EU-born and EU-born individuals. Therefore, when we refer to “natives” in this annex we mean non-migrants. We have considered the impact of EU/non-EU born migrants as
opposed to the impact of migrants born in EEA/non-EEA countries5. A.7
This analysis considers the association between short-term and long-term migrants and native employment rates. Short-term migrants are defined as those who have resided in the UK for less than five years, while long-term migrants are assumed to be those who have resided in the UK for five years or more. This period has been selected because nonEU migrants entering the country via work routes leading to settlement must have resided in the country for at least five years before becoming eligible to settle.
A.3
Data plots
A.8
This section presents a range of data plots for the change in native employment rates against the change in the ratio of migrants to natives in the working-age population (the „migrant/native ratio‟) by region and by year. The working-age population is defined as 16 to 64 for men and 16 to 59 for women. These plots present data in changes rather than in levels to remove any regionspecific factors common to both native employment rates and the migrant/native ratio. It is only possible to infer short-term associations from these data plots, since the data points represent the change in the migrant/native ratio and the
5
In addition to the EU countries, the EEA includes Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway, which have relatively small populations compared to the EU. As a consequence, we expect any findings relevant for EU/non-EU migrants to be equivalently relevant for EEA/non-EEA migrants.
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