CONSTITUTIONAL LANDSCAPING: AN ANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL REGULATIONS OF LANDSCAPE CONTRACTORS IN THE UNITED STATES
CALEB R. TROTTERt
"The great values of freedom are in the opportunities afforded man to press to new horizons, to pit his strength against the forces of nature,
to match skills with his fellow man." Justice William 0. Douglas'
I. INTRODUCTION ............................. ...... 368 II. "LANDSCAPING" DEFINED ................................ 370 III. REGULATORY APPROACHES TO LANDSCAPING ........ ..... 372 A. B. C. D. IV.
......... 373 ..... 377 380 ........... 381
ARE LANDSCAPE CONTRACTOR REGULATIONS ..................................... CONSTITUTIONAL? A. Due Process of Law . ......................
B. V. VI.
Consumer ProtectionStates.............. Agriculturaland EnvironmentalApproaches...... Registration States ........................ Regulating Occupational Titles ..............
382 ....... 383
1. Rational Basis Review ............................. 383 2. Rational Basis Applied to Due Process Cases.................. 384 FirstAmendment...................... ......... 388
....................... LEGISLATIVE SOLUTIONS CONCLUSION ..............................
APPENDIX
..... 391 ....... 393
............................................
TABLE 1: States That Regulate Landscaping Contractors and .................. Type Of Regulation ......
395 395
t Attorney, Pacific Legal Foundation. J.D., Loyola University New Orleans College of Law, 2015; B.S.M., Tulane University, 2006. Thanks to R.S. Radford for his guidance in developing this article, to Larry Salzman and Anastasia P. Boden for helpful suggestions, and to Kerwin "Coach" Dees for hiring me years ago at Owasso Lawn Care. 1. Barsky v. Bd. of Regents, 347 U.S. 442, 472 (1954) (Douglas, J., dissenting).
367