CONTROL DE TEMPERATURA
Málaga, 28 de Noviembre de 2013
Fdo.: Salvatore Busonera Ffo.: Sergio García Rodríguez ___________________________
1
INDICE Orden
Concepto
1. MEMORIA 1.1. Memoria Descriptiva 1.1.1. Objeto 1.1.2. Antecedentes 1.1.3. Justificación 1.1.4. Datos de partida 1.1.5. Análisis y Descripción del circuito
Páginas
4 4 4 4 5
2. ANEXO 2.1. Información técnica 2.2. Protocolo de test 2.3. Documentación para el Servicio de Asistencia Técnica 2.4. Documentación para el cliente
7 7 7
3. PLANOS Y ESQUEMAS 3.1. Esquemas electrónicos 3.1.1. Esquema de bloques 3.1.2. Esquema control de temperatura 3.2. Circuitos impresos. Capas 3.2.1. Componentes - TOP 3.2.2. Pistas - BOT 3.2.3. Serigrafìa - SST 3.2.4 Plano de montaje - AST 3.2.5. Plano de taladros -DRD 3.3. Informes 3.3.1. Lista de componentes 3.3.2. Cinta de Taladrado
9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 12 13
4. PLIEGO DE CONDICIONES 4.1. Normativa de obligado cumplimiento 4.2. Proceso de fabricación 4.3. Cláusulas sobre garantías, plazo de ejecución etc … 4.3.1. Planificación y Programación 4.4. Cláusulas de índole económica 4.5. Cláusulas de índole legal 5. PRESUPUESTO 5.1. Presupuestos parciales 5.1.1. Presupuesto de componentes y material vario 5.1.2. Presupuesto de Mano de obra 5.1.3. Presupuesto de Medios auxiliares e instrumentación 5.2. Presupuesto general
17 17 18 19 19
22 22 22 22 23
2
1. MEMORIA
3
1.1.
Memoria Descriptiva
1.1.1.
Objeto
La temperatura es una magnitud que se debe controlar con bastante frecuencia en los circuitos electrónicos, sobre todo cuando trabajamos con elementos de potencia que disipan calor, las temperaturas extremas pueden llegar ser muy destructivas. Con un control eficaz de temperatura, bien por una desconexión del circuito o por ventilación forzada, podemos evitar daños en el circuito, impidiendo que al final pueda terminar deteriorándose. También una de las ventajas del uso de un control de temperatura en un circuito de potencia con un apoyo de ventilación forzada, es que con esto se reduce considerablemente el tamaño de los elementos disipadores, con el consiguiente ahorro en el peso, tamaño y también repercutiendo en coste final del circuito. En circuitos con baterías también repercute en la duración de las mismas porque la ventilación solo se activa cuando es realmente necesaria ahorrando energía acumulada en las mismas. 1.1.2.
Antecedentes
En el proyecto anterior, nos dimos cuenta de que la temperatura es realmente importante a la hora de planificar un proyecto. Varios componentes se rompieron al pasar de determinada temperatura debido a una fuente de alimentación en mal estado, por ello hemos decido hacer un controlador de temperatura con su propia fuente de alimentación. 1.1.3.
Justificación
El circuito empieza por la alimentación de 12V CC y con el diodo D1, el D1 es una protección contra descuidos por inversión de polaridad. A continuación un regulador ajustable un LM317, que entrega como máximo unos 100mA, este circuito se ha fijado a una tensión de 8,2V por medio de un divisor de tensión compuesto por R1 y R2.esta tensión es la que alimenta el IC2 LM311 y le sirve como referencia fija de tensión por medio de las resistencias R4,R5. El sensor de temperatura es el transistor Q1 muy común un BD137. 1.1.4.
Datos de partida
Los esquemas los hemos tomado de la siguiente dirección: http://soloelectronica.net/control%20temperatura.htm
4
1.1.5
Análisis y Descripción del circuito
El circuito empieza por la alimentación de 12V CC y con el diodo D1, el D1 es una protección contra descuidos por inversión de polaridad. A continuación un regulador ajustable un LM317, que entrega como máximo unos 100mA, este circuito se ha fijado a una tensión de 8,2V por medio de un divisor de tensión compuesto por R1 y R2.esta tensión es la que alimenta el IC2 LM311 y le sirve como referencia fija de tensión por medio de las resistencias R4,R5. El sensor de temperatura es el transistor Q1 muy común un BD137
5
2. ANEXO
6
2.1 Manual técnico En caso de error causado por un mal funcionamiento del circuito esta son las tensiones que tendrá que otorgar el circuito: PUNTOS DE TEST TP1 TP2 TP3
TENSION MEDIDA MASA 10,88 10,88
2.3 Manual de usuario Este circuito impreso tiene que incorporarse con el circuito que se quiere proteger de la temperatura. El circuito tiene que alimentarse a través del conector correspondiente a 12 voltios. Dispone de un conector donde se conectará el ventilador el cual se accionará solo, cuando el sensor detecte un exceso de la temperatura. (Si el ventilador se acciona nada mas conectar el circuito, no se preocupe se apagará en seguida o tiene que regular el potenciómetro que regula la sensibilidad del sensor). Para regular la temperatura de accionamiento del ventilador tiene que girar la aguja del potenciómetro con un destornillador plano.
7
Order this document by BD676/D
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
! . . . for use as output devices in complementary general–purpose amplifier applications. • High DC Current Gain — hFE = 750 (Min) @ IC = 1.5 and 2.0 Adc • Monolithic Construction • BD676, 676A, 678, 678A, 680, 680A, 682 are complementary with BD675, 675A, 677, 677A, 679, 679A, 681 • BD 678, 678A, 680, 680A are equivalent to MJE 700, 701, 702, 703
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ MAXIMUM RATING
Symbol
BD676 BD676A
BD678 BD678A
BD680 BD680A
BD682
Unit
VCEO
45
60
80
100
Vdc
Collector–Base Voltage
VCB
45
60
80
100
Vdc
Emitter–Base Voltage
VEB
5.0
Vdc
Collector Current
IC
4.0
Adc
Base Current
IB
0.1
Adc
Total Device Dissipation @ TC = 25 _C Derate above 25 _C
PD
40 0.32
Watts W/_C
– 55 to + 150
_C
Rating
Collector–Emitter Voltage
Operating and Storage Junction Temperating Range
TJ, Tstg
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic
Symbol
Max
Unit
θJC
3.13
_C/W
Thermal Resistance, Junction to Case
4.0 AMPERE DARLINGTON POWER TRANSISTORS PNP SILICON 45, 60, 80, 100 VOLTS 40 WATTS
CASE 77–08 TO–225AA TYPE
50 PD, POWER DISSIPATION (WATTS)
45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5.0 0
15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
TC, CASE TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 1. Power Temperature Derating
REV 7
Motorola, Inc. 1995 Motorola Bipolar Power Transistor Device Data
1
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ v v ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TC = 25_C unless otherwise noted) Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
BVCEO
45 60 80 100
— — — —
Vdc
Collector Cutoff Current (VCE = Half Rated VCEO, IB = 0)
ICEO
—
500
µAdc
Collector Cutoff Current (VCB = Rated BVCEO, IE = 0) (VCB = Rated BVCEO. IE = 0, TC = 100°C)
ICBO
— —
0.2 2.0
Emitter Cutoff Current (VBE = 5.0 Vdc, IC = 0)
IEBO
—
2.0
750 750
— —
— —
2.5 2.8
— —
2.5 2.5
1.0
—
OFF CHARACTERISTICS
Collector–Emitter Breakdown Voltage(1) (IC = 50 mAdc, IB = 0)
BD676, 676A BD678, 678A BD680, 680A BD682
ON CHARACTERISTICS DC Current Gain(1) (IC = 1.5 Adc, VCE = 3.0 Vdc) (IC = 2.0 Adc, VCE = 3.0 Vdc)
mAdc
mAdc
hFE
BD676, 678, 680, 682 BD676A, 678A, 680A
Collector–Emitter Saturation Voltage(1) (IC = 1.5 Adc, IB = 30 mAdc) (IC = 2.0 Adc, IB = 40 mAdc) Base–Emitter On Voltage(1) (IC = 1.5 Adc, VCE = 3.0 Vdc) (IC = 2.0 Adc, VCE = 3.0 Vdc)
BD678, 680, 682 BD676A, 678A, 680A
VCE(sat) VBE(on)
BD678, 680, 682 BD676A, 678A, 680A
Vdc Vdc
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Small–Signal Current Gain (IC = 1.5 Adc, VCE = 3.0 Vdc, f = 1.0 MHz)
(1) Pulse Test: Pulse Width
300 µs, Duty Cycle
hfe
—
2.0%.
IC, COLLECTOR CURRENT (AMP)
5.0
2.0
There are two limitations on the power handling ability of a transistor average junction temperature and secondary breakdown. Safe operating area curves indicate IC – VCE limits of the transistor that must be observed for reliable operation; e.g., the transistor must not be subjected to greater dissipation than the curves indicate. At high case temperatures, thermal limitations will reduce the power that can be handled to values less than the limitations imposed by secondary breakdown.
1.0 0.5
BONDING WIRE LIMIT THERMAL LIMIT at TC = 25°C SECONDARY BREAKDOWN LIMIT
0.2 0.1
0.05 1.0
TC = 25°C
BD676, 676A BD678, 678A BD680, 680A BD682
2.0 5.0 10 50 20 VCE, COLLECTOR–EMITTER VOLTAGE (VOLTS)
100
Figure 2. DC Safe Operating Area PNP BD676, 676A BD678, 678A BD680, 680A BD682
COLLECTOR
BASE
[ 8.0 k [ 120 EMITTER
Figure 3. Darlington Circuit Schematic 2
Motorola Bipolar Power Transistor Device Data
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
–B– U
F
Q –A–
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
C M
DIM A B C D F G H J K M Q R S U V
1 2 3
H
K
J
V G S
R 0.25 (0.010)
A
M
M
B
M
D 2 PL 0.25 (0.010)
M
A
M
B
M
INCHES MIN MAX 0.425 0.435 0.295 0.305 0.095 0.105 0.020 0.026 0.115 0.130 0.094 BSC 0.050 0.095 0.015 0.025 0.575 0.655 5 _ TYP 0.148 0.158 0.045 0.055 0.025 0.035 0.145 0.155 0.040 –––
MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 10.80 11.04 7.50 7.74 2.42 2.66 0.51 0.66 2.93 3.30 2.39 BSC 1.27 2.41 0.39 0.63 14.61 16.63 5 _ TYP 3.76 4.01 1.15 1.39 0.64 0.88 3.69 3.93 1.02 –––
STYLE 1: PIN 1. EMITTER 2. COLLECTOR 3. BASE
CASE 77–08 TO–225AA TYPE ISSUE V
Motorola Bipolar Power Transistor Device Data
3
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters can and do vary in different applications. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
How to reach us: USA / EUROPE: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 20912; Phoenix, Arizona 85036. 1–800–441–2447
JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.; Tatsumi–SPD–JLDC, Toshikatsu Otsuki, 6F Seibu–Butsuryu–Center, 3–14–2 Tatsumi Koto–Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan. 03–3521–8315
MFAX: RMFAX0@email.sps.mot.com – TOUCHTONE (602) 244–6609 INTERNET: http://Design–NET.com
HONG KONG: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park, 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852–26629298
4
◊
Motorola Bipolar Power Transistor Device Data
*BD676/D*
BD676/D
This datasheet has been download from: www.datasheetcatalog.com Datasheets for electronics components.
BD135/137/139
BD135/137/139 Medium Power Linear and Switching Applications • Complement to BD136, BD138 and BD140 respectively
TO-126
1
1. Emitter
2.Collector
3.Base
NPN Epitaxial Silicon Transistor Absolute Maximum Ratings TC=25°C unless otherwise noted Symbol VCBO
Collector-Base Voltage
Parameter : BD135 : BD137 : BD139
Value 45 60 80
Units V V V
VCEO
Collector-Emitter Voltage
: BD135 : BD137 : BD139
45 60 80
V V V
VEBO
Emitter-Base Voltage
5
V
IC
Collector Current (DC)
1.5
A
ICP
Collector Current (Pulse)
3.0
A
IB
Base Current
0.5
A
PC
Collector Dissipation (TC=25°C)
12.5
W
PC
Collector Dissipation (Ta=25°C)
1.25
W
TJ
Junction Temperature
150
°C
TSTG
Storage Temperature
- 55 ~ 150
°C
Electrical Characteristics TC=25°C unless otherwise noted Symbol VCEO(sus)
Parameter Collector-Emitter Sustaining Voltage : BD135 : BD137 : BD139
Test Condition IC = 30mA, IB = 0
Min.
Typ.
Max.
45 60 80
Units V V V
ICBO
Collector Cut-off Current
VCB = 30V, IE = 0
0.1
µA
IEBO
Emitter Cut-off Current
VEB = 5V, IC = 0
10
µA
hFE1 hFE2 hFE3
DC Current Gain
VCE = 2V, IC = 5mA VCE = 2V, IC = 0.5A VCE = 2V, IC = 150mA
: ALL DEVICE : ALL DEVICE : BD135 : BD137, BD139
VCE(sat)
Collector-Emitter Saturation Voltage
IC = 500mA, IB = 50mA
VBE(on)
Base-Emitter ON Voltage
VCE = 2V, IC = 0.5A
25 25 40 40
250 160 0.5
V
1
V
hFE Classification Classification
6
10
16
hFE3
40 ~ 100
63 ~ 160
100 ~ 250
©2000 Fairchild Semiconductor International
Rev. A, February 2000
BD135/137/139
Typical Characteristics
100
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10
100
400
IB
350
IC = 10
70
450
IC = 20 IB
hFE, DC CURRENT GAIN
80
500
VCE(sat)[mV], SATURATION VOLTAGE
VCE = 2V 90
300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1E-3
1000
0.1
1
10
IC[A], COLLECTOR CURRENT
IC[mA], COLLECTOR CURRENT
Figure 1. DC current Gain
Figure 2. Collector-Emitter Saturation Voltage
10
1.1 1.0
IC MAX. (Pulsed)
) (on V V BE =5 V CE
0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3
1
100us
0.1
BD139 BD137 BD135
IC[A], COLLECTOR CURRENT
0.8
10us
IC MAX. (Continuous) s 1m
t) (sa V BE 0 I B 1 IC =
0.9
DC
VBE[V], BASE-EMITTER VOLTAGE
0.01
0.2 0.01
0.1 1E-3
0.01
0.1
1
10
1
10
100
VCE [V], COLLECTOR-EMITTER VOLTAGE
IC[A], COLLECTOR CURRENT
Figure 3. Base-Emitter Voltage
Figure 4. Safe Operating Area
20.0
PC[W], POWER DISSIPATION
17.5
15.0
12.5
10.0
7.5
5.0
2.5
0.0 0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
o
TC[ C], CASE TEMPERATURE
Figure 5. Power Derating
©2000 Fairchild Semiconductor International
Rev. A, February 2000
BD135/137/139
Package Demensions
8.00 ±0.30
11.00
ø3.20 ±0.10
±0.20
3.25 ±0.20
14.20MAX
3.90
±0.10
TO-126
(1.00)
(0.50)
0.75 ±0.10
#1 2.28TYP [2.28±0.20]
2.28TYP [2.28±0.20]
16.10
±0.30
13.06
0.75 ±0.10
±0.20
1.75 ±0.20
1.60 ±0.10
+0.10
0.50 –0.05
Dimensions in Millimeters ©2000 Fairchild Semiconductor International
Rev. A, February 2000
TRADEMARKS The following are registered and unregistered trademarks Fairchild Semiconductor owns or is authorized to use and is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all such trademarks.
ACEx™ Bottomless™ CoolFET™ CROSSVOLT™ E2CMOS™ FACT™ FACT Quiet Series™ FAST® FASTr™ GTO™
HiSeC™ ISOPLANAR™ MICROWIRE™ POP™ PowerTrench® QFET™ QS™ Quiet Series™ SuperSOT™-3 SuperSOT™-6
SuperSOT™-8 SyncFET™ TinyLogic™ UHC™ VCX™
DISCLAIMER FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS.
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY FAIRCHILD’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR INTERNATIONAL. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, or (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user.
2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
PRODUCT STATUS DEFINITIONS Definition of Terms Datasheet Identification
Product Status
Definition
Advance Information
Formative or In Design
This datasheet contains the design specifications for product development. Specifications may change in any manner without notice.
Preliminary
First Production
This datasheet contains preliminary data, and supplementary data will be published at a later date. Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design.
No Identification Needed
Full Production
This datasheet contains final specifications. Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design.
Obsolete
Not In Production
This datasheet contains specifications on a product that has been discontinued by Fairchild semiconductor. The datasheet is printed for reference information only.
©2000 Fairchild Semiconductor International
Rev. E
This datasheet has been download from: www.datasheetcatalog.com Datasheets for electronics components.
LM111/LM211/LM311 Voltage Comparator 1.0 General Description The LM111, LM211 and LM311 are voltage comparators that have input currents nearly a thousand times lower than devices like the LM106 or LM710. They are also designed to operate over a wider range of supply voltages: from standard ± 15V op amp supplies down to the single 5V supply used for IC logic. Their output is compatible with RTL, DTL and TTL as well as MOS circuits. Further, they can drive lamps or relays, switching voltages up to 50V at currents as high as 50 mA. Both the inputs and the outputs of the LM111, LM211 or the LM311 can be isolated from system ground, and the output can drive loads referred to ground, the positive supply or the negative supply. Offset balancing and strobe capability are provided and outputs can be wire OR’ed. Although slower than the LM106 and LM710 (200 ns response time vs 40 ns)
3.0 Typical Applications
the devices are also much less prone to spurious oscillations. The LM111 has the same pin configuration as the LM106 and LM710. The LM211 is identical to the LM111, except that its performance is specified over a −25˚C to +85˚C temperature range instead of −55˚C to +125˚C. The LM311 has a temperature range of 0˚C to +70˚C.
2.0 Features n n n n n
Operates from single 5V supply Input current: 150 nA max. over temperature Offset current: 20 nA max. over temperature Differential input voltage range: ± 30V Power consumption: 135 mW at ± 15V
(Note 3)
Offset Balancing
Strobing
00570436
00570437
Note: Do Not Ground Strobe Pin. Output is turned off when current is pulled from Strobe Pin.
Increasing Input Stage Current (Note 1)
Detector for Magnetic Transducer
00570438
Note 1: Increases typical common mode slew from 7.0V/µs to 18V/µs.
00570439
© 2004 National Semiconductor Corporation
DS005704
www.national.com
LM111/LM211/LM311 Voltage Comparator
January 2001
LM111/LM211/LM311
3.0 Typical Applications
(Note 3)
(Continued)
Digital Transmission Isolator
Relay Driver with Strobe
00570440
00570441
*Absorbs inductive kickback of relay and protects IC from severe voltage transients on V++ line. Note: Do Not Ground Strobe Pin.
Strobing off Both Input and Output Stages (Note 2)
00570442
Note: Do Not Ground Strobe Pin. Note 2: Typical input current is 50 pA with inputs strobed off. Note 3: Pin connections shown on schematic diagram and typical applications are for H08 metal can package.
Positive Peak Detector
Zero Crossing Detector Driving MOS Logic
00570424 00570423
*Solid tantalum
www.national.com
2
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications.
LM111
−55˚C to 125˚C
LM211
−25˚C to 85˚C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec)
260˚C
Voltage at Strobe Pin
V+−5V
Soldering Information
Total Supply Voltage (V84)
36V
Dual-In-Line Package
Output to Negative Supply Voltage (V74)
50V
Small Outline Package
Ground to Negative Supply Voltage (V14)
30V
Soldering (10 seconds)
± 30V ± 15V
Differential Input Voltage Input Voltage (Note 4) Output Short Circuit Duration
260˚C
Vapor Phase (60 seconds)
215˚C
Infrared (15 seconds)
220˚C
See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect on Product Reliability” for other methods of soldering surface mount devices.
10 sec
Operating Temperature Range
ESD Rating (Note 11)
Electrical Characteristics
(Note 6)
Parameter
300V
for the LM111 and LM211
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Input Offset Voltage (Note 7)
TA=25˚C, RS≤50k
0.7
3.0
mV
Input Offset Current
TA=25˚C
4.0
10
nA
Input Bias Current
TA=25˚C
60
100
nA
Voltage Gain
TA=25˚C
Response Time (Note 8)
TA=25˚C
200
Saturation Voltage
VIN≤−5 mV, IOUT=50 mA
0.75
1.5
V
40
200
V/mV ns
TA=25˚C Strobe ON Current (Note 9)
TA=25˚C
2.0
5.0
mA
Output Leakage Current
VIN≥5 mV, VOUT=35V
0.2
10
nA
TA=25˚C, ISTROBE=3 mA Input Offset Voltage (Note 7)
RS≤50 k
4.0
mV
Input Offset Current (Note 7)
20
nA
Input Bias Current
150
nA
13.8,-14.7
13.0
V
0.23
0.4
V
Input Voltage Range
V+=15V, V−=−15V, Pin 7
Saturation Voltage
V+≥4.5V, V−=0
−14.5
Pull-Up May Go To 5V VIN≤−6 mV, IOUT≤8 mA Output Leakage Current
VIN≥5 mV, VOUT=35V
0.1
0.5
µA
Positive Supply Current
TA=25˚C
5.1
6.0
mA
Negative Supply Current
TA=25˚C
4.1
5.0
mA
Note 4: This rating applies for ± 15 supplies. The positive input voltage limit is 30V above the negative supply. The negative input voltage limit is equal to the negative supply voltage or 30V below the positive supply, whichever is less. Note 5: The maximum junction temperature of the LM111 is 150˚C, while that of the LM211 is 110˚C. For operating at elevated temperatures, devices in the H08 package must be derated based on a thermal resistance of 165˚C/W, junction to ambient, or 20˚C/W, junction to case. The thermal resistance of the dual-in-line package is 110˚C/W, junction to ambient. Note 6: These specifications apply for VS= ± 15V and Ground pin at ground, and −55˚C≤TA≤+125˚C, unless otherwise stated. With the LM211, however, all temperature specifications are limited to −25˚C≤TA≤+85˚C. The offset voltage, offset current and bias current specifications apply for any supply voltage from a single 5V supply up to ± 15V supplies. Note 7: The offset voltages and offset currents given are the maximum values required to drive the output within a volt of either supply with a 1 mA load. Thus, these parameters define an error band and take into account the worst-case effects of voltage gain and RS. Note 8: The response time specified (see definitions) is for a 100 mV input step with 5 mV overdrive. Note 9: This specification gives the range of current which must be drawn from the strobe pin to ensure the output is properly disabled. Do not short the strobe pin to ground; it should be current driven at 3 to 5 mA. Note 10: Refer to RETS111X for the LM111H, LM111J and LM111J-8 military specifications. Note 11: Human body model, 1.5 kΩ in series with 100 pF.
3
www.national.com
LM111/LM211/LM311
4.0 Absolute Maximum Ratings for the LM111/LM211(Note 10)
LM111/LM211/LM311
5.0 Absolute Maximum Ratings for the LM311(Note 12)
Output Short Circuit Duration
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications.
Storage Temperature Range
Total Supply Voltage (V84)
36V
Soldering Information
Output to Negative Supply Voltage (V74)
40V
Ground to Negative Supply Voltage (V14)
30V
10 sec
Operating Temperature Range
0˚ to 70˚C −65˚C to 150˚C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 sec)
260˚C
Voltage at Strobe Pin
V+−5V
Dual-In-Line Package Soldering (10 seconds)
260˚C
Small Outline Package
± 30V ± 15V
Differential Input Voltage Input Voltage (Note 13) Power Dissipation (Note 14)
300V
Electrical Characteristics
(Note 15)
Parameter
215˚C
Infrared (15 seconds)
220˚C
See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect on Product Reliability” for other methods of soldering surface mount devices.
500 mW
ESD Rating (Note 19)
Vapor Phase (60 seconds)
for the LM311 Typ
Max
Units
Input Offset Voltage (Note 16)
TA=25˚C, RS≤50k
Conditions
Min
2.0
7.5
mV
Input Offset Current(Note 16)
TA=25˚C
6.0
50
nA
Input Bias Current
TA=25˚C
100
250
Voltage Gain
TA=25˚C
Response Time (Note 17) Saturation Voltage
40
nA
200
V/mV
TA=25˚C
200
ns
VIN≤−10 mV, IOUT=50 mA
0.75
1.5
V
2.0
5.0
mA
0.2
50
nA
10
mV
Input Offset Current (Note 16)
70
nA
Input Bias Current
300
nA
13.8,−14.7
13.0
V
0.23
0.4
V
TA=25˚C Strobe ON Current (Note 18)
TA=25˚C
Output Leakage Current
VIN≥10 mV, VOUT=35V TA=25˚C, ISTROBE=3 mA V− = Pin 1 = −5V
Input Offset Voltage (Note 16)
RS≤50K
Input Voltage Range
−14.5
Saturation Voltage
V+≥4.5V, V−=0
Positive Supply Current
TA=25˚C
5.1
7.5
mA
Negative Supply Current
TA=25˚C
4.1
5.0
mA
VIN≤−10 mV, IOUT≤8 mA
Note 12: “Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits.” Note 13: This rating applies for ± 15V supplies. The positive input voltage limit is 30V above the negative supply. The negative input voltage limit is equal to the negative supply voltage or 30V below the positive supply, whichever is less. Note 14: The maximum junction temperature of the LM311 is 110˚C. For operating at elevated temperature, devices in the H08 package must be derated based on a thermal resistance of 165˚C/W, junction to ambient, or 20˚C/W, junction to case. The thermal resistance of the dual-in-line package is 100˚C/W, junction to ambient. Note 15: These specifications apply for VS= ± 15V and Pin 1 at ground, and 0˚C < TA < +70˚C, unless otherwise specified. The offset voltage, offset current and bias current specifications apply for any supply voltage from a single 5V supply up to ± 15V supplies. Note 16: The offset voltages and offset currents given are the maximum values required to drive the output within a volt of either supply with 1 mA load. Thus, these parameters define an error band and take into account the worst-case effects of voltage gain and RS. Note 17: The response time specified (see definitions) is for a 100 mV input step with 5 mV overdrive. Note 18: This specification gives the range of current which must be drawn from the strobe pin to ensure the output is properly disabled. Do not short the strobe pin to ground; it should be current driven at 3 to 5 mA. Note 19: Human body model, 1.5 kΩ in series with 100 pF.
www.national.com
4
LM111/LM211/LM311
6.0 LM111/LM211 Typical Performance Characteristics Input Bias Current
Input Bias Current
00570443
00570444
Input Bias Current
Input Bias Current
00570446 00570445
Input Bias Current
Input Bias Current
00570447
00570448
5
www.national.com
LM111/LM211/LM311
6.0 LM111/LM211 Typical Performance Characteristics Input Bias Current Input Overdrives
(Continued)
Input Bias Current Input Overdrives
00570450
00570449
Response Time for Various Input Overdrives
Input Bias Current
00570451 00570452
Response Time for Various Input Overdrives
Output Limiting Characteristics
00570454 00570453
www.national.com
6
Supply Current
LM111/LM211/LM311
6.0 LM111/LM211 Typical Performance Characteristics
(Continued)
Supply Current
00570455
00570456
Leakage Currents
00570457
7.0 LM311 Typical Performance Characteristics Input Bias Current
Input Offset Current
00570458
00570459
7
www.national.com
LM111/LM211/LM311
7.0 LM311 Typical Performance Characteristics Offset Error
(Continued) Input Characteristics
00570461
00570460
Common Mode Limits
Transfer Function
00570462
00570463
Response Time for Various Input Overdrives
Response Time for Various Input Overdrives
00570465
00570464
www.national.com
8
LM111/LM211/LM311
7.0 LM311 Typical Performance Characteristics
(Continued) Response Time for Various Input Overdrives
Output Saturation Voltage
00570466 00570467
Response Time for Various Input Overdrives
Output Limiting Characteristics
00570469 00570468
Supply Current
Supply Current
00570470
00570471
9
www.national.com
LM111/LM211/LM311
7.0 LM311 Typical Performance Characteristics
(Continued)
Leakage Currents
00570472
lead between the resistors and the input pins can result in oscillations that are very hard to damp. Twisting these input leads tightly is the only (second best) alternative to placing resistors close to the comparator. 5. Since feedback to almost any pin of a comparator can result in oscillation, the printed-circuit layout should be engineered thoughtfully. Preferably there should be a groundplane under the LM111 circuitry, for example, one side of a double-layer circuit card. Ground foil (or, positive supply or negative supply foil) should extend between the output and the inputs, to act as a guard. The foil connections for the inputs should be as small and compact as possible, and should be essentially surrounded by ground foil on all sides, to guard against capacitive coupling from any high-level signals (such as the output). If pins 5 and 6 are not used, they should be shorted together. If they are connected to a trim-pot, the trim-pot should be located, at most, a few inches away from the LM111, and the 0.01 µF capacitor should be installed. If this capacitor cannot be used, a shielding printed-circuit foil may be advisable between pins 6 and 7. The power supply bypass capacitors should be located within a couple inches of the LM111. (Some other comparators require the power-supply bypass to be located immediately adjacent to the comparator.) 6. It is a standard procedure to use hysteresis (positive feedback) around a comparator, to prevent oscillation, and to avoid excessive noise on the output because the comparator is a good amplifier for its own noise. In the circuit of Figure 2, the feedback from the output to the positive input will cause about 3 mV of hysteresis. However, if RS is larger than 100Ω, such as 50 kΩ, it would not be reasonable to simply increase the value of the positive feedback resistor above 510 kΩ. The circuit of Figure 3 could be used, but it is rather awkward. See the notes in paragraph 7 below.
8.0 Application Hints 8.1 CIRCUIT TECHNIQUES FOR AVOIDING OSCILLATIONS IN COMPARATOR APPLICATIONS When a high-speed comparator such as the LM111 is used with fast input signals and low source impedances, the output response will normally be fast and stable, assuming that the power supplies have been bypassed (with 0.1 µF disc capacitors), and that the output signal is routed well away from the inputs (pins 2 and 3) and also away from pins 5 and 6. However, when the input signal is a voltage ramp or a slow sine wave, or if the signal source impedance is high (1 kΩ to 100 kΩ), the comparator may burst into oscillation near the crossing-point. This is due to the high gain and wide bandwidth of comparators like the LM111. To avoid oscillation or instability in such a usage, several precautions are recommended, as shown in Figure 1 below. 1. The trim pins (pins 5 and 6) act as unwanted auxiliary inputs. If these pins are not connected to a trim-pot, they should be shorted together. If they are connected to a trim-pot, a 0.01 µF capacitor C1 between pins 5 and 6 will minimize the susceptibility to AC coupling. A smaller capacitor is used if pin 5 is used for positive feedback as in Figure 1. 2. Certain sources will produce a cleaner comparator output waveform if a 100 pF to 1000 pF capacitor C2 is connected directly across the input pins. 3. When the signal source is applied through a resistive network, RS, it is usually advantageous to choose an RS' of substantially the same value, both for DC and for dynamic (AC) considerations. Carbon, tin-oxide, and metal-film resistors have all been used successfully in comparator input circuitry. Inductive wirewound resistors are not suitable. 4. When comparator circuits use input resistors (eg. summing resistors), their value and placement are particularly important. In all cases the body of the resistor should be close to the device or socket. In other words there should be very little lead length or printed-circuit foil run between comparator and resistor to radiate or pick up signals. The same applies to capacitors, pots, etc. For example, if RS=10 kΩ, as little as 5 inches of www.national.com
10
7.
tive supply. This signal is centered around the nominal voltage at pin 5, so this feedback does not add to the VOS of the comparator. As much as 8 mV of VOS can be trimmed out, using the 5 kΩ pot and 3 kΩ resistor as shown.
(Continued)
When both inputs of the LM111 are connected to active signals, or if a high-impedance signal is driving the positive input of the LM111 so that positive feedback would be disruptive, the circuit of Figure 1 is ideal. The positive feedback is to pin 5 (one of the offset adjustment pins). It is sufficient to cause 1 to 2 mV hysteresis and sharp transitions with input triangle waves from a few Hz to hundreds of kHz. The positive-feedback signal across the 82Ω resistor swings 240 mV below the posi-
8.
These application notes apply specifically to the LM111, LM211, LM311, and LF111 families of comparators, and are applicable to all high-speed comparators in general, (with the exception that not all comparators have trim pins).
00570429
Pin connections shown are for LM111H in the H08 hermetic package
FIGURE 1. Improved Positive Feedback
00570430
Pin connections shown are for LM111H in the H08 hermetic package
FIGURE 2. Conventional Positive Feedback
11
www.national.com
LM111/LM211/LM311
8.0 Application Hints
LM111/LM211/LM311
8.0 Application Hints
(Continued)
00570431
FIGURE 3. Positive Feedback with High Source Resistance
9.0 Typical Applications
(Pin numbers
refer to H08 package) Zero Crossing Detector Driving MOS Switch
100 kHz Free Running Multivibrator
00570413
00570414
*TTL or DTL fanout of two
www.national.com
12
LM111/LM211/LM311
9.0 Typical Applications (Pin numbers refer to H08 package)
(Continued)
10 Hz to 10 kHz Voltage Controlled Oscillator
00570415
*Adjust for symmetrical square wave time when VIN = 5 mV â&#x20AC; Minimum capacitance 20 pF Maximum frequency 50 kHz
Driving Ground-Referred Load
Using Clamp Diodes to Improve Response
00570417
00570416
*Input polarity is reversed when using pin 1 as output.
TTL Interface with High Level Logic
00570418
*Values shown are for a 0 to 30V logic swing and a 15V threshold. â&#x20AC; May be added to control speed and reduce susceptibility to noise spikes.
13
www.national.com
LM111/LM211/LM311
9.0 Typical Applications (Pin numbers refer to H08 package) Crystal Oscillator
(Continued) Comparator and Solenoid Driver
00570420
00570419
Precision Squarer
00570421
*Solid tantalum â&#x20AC; Adjust to set clamp level
www.national.com
14
LM111/LM211/LM311
9.0 Typical Applications (Pin numbers refer to H08 package)
(Continued)
Low Voltage Adjustable Reference Supply
00570422
*Solid tantalum
Positive Peak Detector
Zero Crossing Detector Driving MOS Logic
00570424 00570423
*Solid tantalum
Negative Peak Detector
00570425
*Solid tantalum
15
www.national.com
LM111/LM211/LM311
9.0 Typical Applications (Pin numbers refer to H08 package)
(Continued)
Precision Photodiode Comparator
00570426
*R2 sets the comparison level. At comparison, the photodiode has less than 5 mV across it, decreasing leakages by an order of magnitude.
Switching Power Amplifier
00570427
www.national.com
16
LM111/LM211/LM311
9.0 Typical Applications (Pin numbers refer to H08 package)
(Continued)
Switching Power Amplifier
00570428
17
www.national.com
LM111/LM211/LM311
10.0 Schematic Diagram
(Note 20)
00570405
Note 20: Pin connections shown on schematic diagram are for H08 package.
www.national.com
18
LM111/LM211/LM311
11.0 Connection Diagrams Metal Can Package
00570406
Note: Pin 4 connected to case
Top View Order Number LM111H, LM111H/883(Note 21) , LM211H or LM311H See NS Package Number H08C Dual-In-Line Package
Dual-In-Line Package
00570434
Top View Order Number LM111J-8, LM111J-8/883(Note 21), LM311M, LM311MX or LM311N See NS Package Number J08A, M08A or N08E
00570435
Top View Order Number LM111J/883(Note 21) See NS Package Number J14A or N14A
00570433
Order Number LM111W/883(Note 21), LM111WG/883 See NS Package Number W10A, WG10A
Note 21: Also available per JM38510/10304
19
www.national.com
LM111/LM211/LM311
12.0 Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
Metal Can Package (H) Order Number LM111H, LM111H/883, LM211H or LM311H NS Package Number H08C
Cavity Dual-In-Line Package (J) Order Number LM111J-8, LM111J-8/883 NS Package Number J08A
www.national.com
20
LM111/LM211/LM311
12.0 Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
Dual-In-Line Package (J) Order Number LM111J/883 NS Package Number J14A
Dual-In-Line Package (M) Order Number LM311M, LM311MX NS Package Number M08A
21
www.national.com
LM111/LM211/LM311
12.0 Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
Dual-In-Line Package (N) Order Number LM311N NS Package Number N08E
Order Number LM111W/883, LM111WG/883 NS Package Number W10A, WG10A
www.national.com
22
LM111/LM211/LM311 Voltage Comparator
Notes
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications. For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com. LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user.
2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
BANNED SUBSTANCE COMPLIANCE National Semiconductor certifies that the products and packing materials meet the provisions of the Customer Products Stewardship Specification (CSP-9-111C2) and the Banned Substances and Materials of Interest Specification (CSP-9-111S2) and contain no ‘‘Banned Substances’’ as defined in CSP-9-111S2. National Semiconductor Americas Customer Support Center Email: new.feedback@nsc.com Tel: 1-800-272-9959 www.national.com
National Semiconductor Europe Customer Support Center Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86 Email: europe.support@nsc.com Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 69 9508 6208 English Tel: +44 (0) 870 24 0 2171 Français Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 91 8790
National Semiconductor Asia Pacific Customer Support Center Email: ap.support@nsc.com
National Semiconductor Japan Customer Support Center Fax: 81-3-5639-7507 Email: jpn.feedback@nsc.com Tel: 81-3-5639-7560
3. PLANOS Y ESQUEMAS
8
3.1.
Esquemas electr贸nicos
3.1.1.
Esquema de bloques
3.1.2.
Esquema Sensor
9
3.2.
Capas
3.2.1 Componentes – TOP
3.2.2 Pistas – BOT
10
3.2.3 Serigrafía – SST
3.2.4 Plano de montaje - AST
11
3.2.5 Plano de taladros -DRD
3.3.
Lista de componentes Cantidad 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Producto Condensadores 100uF 25V Condensadores 10uF 50V Condensadores 4,7uF 50V Condensadores 47uF 25V Condensadores 100nF 65V Condensadores 1000uF 25V Resistencias 1k 1/4W Resistencias 5k6 1/4w Resistencias 100K 1/4w Resistencias 15K 1/4w Resistencias 4K7 1/4w Resistencias 10 1/4w Resistencias 2k7 1/4w Resistencias 82 1/4w Resistencias 47K 1/4w Potenci贸metro 100K Diodo 1N4002 Diodo 1N4148 Transistor BD137 Transistor BD678 Circuito Integrado LM311 Regulador LM317L
12
3.3.1.
Cinta de Taladrado
M48 ;DRILL file {Pcbnew (2012-apr-16-27)-stable} date jue 06 feb 2014 09:01:15 CET ;FORMAT={-:-/ absolute / inch / decimal} FMAT,2 INCH,TZ T1C0.032 T2C0.032 T3C0.047 T4C0.060 % G90 G05 M72 T1 X0274Y1641 X0449Y1151 X0449Y0851 X0673Y1641 X0707Y0836 X0734Y1243 X0855Y1239 X0980Y1245 X1107Y0836 X1250Y2100 X1300Y0350 X1401Y2186 X1401Y2086 X1401Y1986 X1702Y2247 X1706Y2004 X1760Y1595 X1760Y1295 X1800Y0950
13
X1883Y2103 X1900Y1300 X1900Y0350 X1915Y1875 X2015Y1875 X2052Y2101 X2141Y0537 X2309Y0753 X2368Y1868 X2368Y1768 X2377Y2110 X2399Y0953 X2441Y1274 X2441Y0537 X2585Y1180 X2585Y1080 X2590Y1670 X2590Y1370 X2609Y0753 X2777Y2110 X2787Y1504 X2787Y1204 X2960Y1210 X3012Y0790 X3029Y1661 X3090Y1760 X3090Y1560 X3328Y2166 X3360Y1210 X3412Y0790 X3428Y2166 X3508Y1880 X3508Y1480 X3528Y2166 X3630Y0990
14
X3631Y1108 X3631Y0875 T2 X0865Y1549 X0965Y1549 X1089Y2389 X1089Y2089 X1115Y1536 X1115Y1237 X2040Y1480 X2040Y1380 X2040Y1280 X2040Y1180 X2340Y1480 X2340Y1380 X2340Y1280 X2340Y1180 T3 X0679Y0385 X0879Y0385 X1093Y0320 X2553Y0539 T4 X1500Y0350 X2100Y0350 T0 M30
15
4. PLIEGO DE CONDICIONES
16
4.1.
Normativa de obligado cumplimiento
- UNE 20-050-74 (I). Código para las marcas de resistencias y condensadores. Valores y tolerancias. - UNE 20-524-75 (I). Técnica circuitos impresos. Parámetros fundamentales. Sistemas de cuadrícula. - UNE 20-524. Equipos electrónicos y sus componentes. Soldabilidad de circuitos impresos. - UNE 20-524-77 (II). Técnica de circuitos impresos. Terminología - UNE 20-531-73. Series de valores nominales para resistencias y condensadores. - UNE 20-543-85 (I) .Condensadores fijos en equipos electrónicos. - UNE 20-545-89. Resistencias fijas para equipos electrónicos. OTRAS: - UNE 20916: 1995: Estructuras mecánicas para equipos electrónicos. Terminología. - UNE 21302-2: 1973: Vocabulario electrotécnico. Electrónica de potencia. - UNE 21302-551: 1996: Vocabulario electrotécnico internacional. Parte 705 propagación de las ondas de radio. - UNE 21352: 1976: explicación de las cualidades y funcionamiento de equipos de media electrónicos. - UNE-EN60933: sistemas de audio, video y audiovisuales. Interconexiones y valores de adaptación. - UNE-EN61000-4-3-1998: Compatibilidad electromagnética. - UNE-EN61030: 1997: Sistemas de audio, video y audio visuales. Bus digital doméstico. - EN50090-3-2-1995: Sistemas electrónicos para viviendas y edificios. - EN60852-4: 1996: Dimensiones externas de transformadores e inductancias destinadas a equipos electrónicos y de telecomunicaciones. - EN61021-1: 1997: Núcleos de chapas laminadas para transformadores e inductancias destinadas a ser utilizadas en equipos electrónicos y de telecomunicaciones. - EN123500: 1992: Especificación intermedia: placas de circuitos impresos flexibles con taladros para la inserción de componentes.
4.2
Proceso de fabricación 4.2.1 Proceso de fabricación
- Preparación de componentes: Primero se adquieren los componentes teniendo en cuenta sus especificaciones técnicas, a continuación se obtienen las placas de circuito impreso, basándonos en las pautas anteriores. Como último punto, montaje de componentes en placa de circuito impreso y soldadura.
17
- Obtención de circuito impreso: El material elegido es la baquelita, de 1.7mm de grosor obteniendo así mayor resistencia teriaca y a los cambios climáticos y mecánicos. - Soldadura y montaje de componentes en placa de circuito impreso: Se debe tener muy en cuenta la manipulación de los componentes, ya que este material es susceptible a la hora de su transporte e instalación en circuito impreso. Los dos circuitos integrados de nuestro proyecto deben ser instalados en zócalos, para su instalación, también debemos prever el lugar y la indumentaria del personal de montaje, ya que estos pueden acumular cargas electrostáticas. 4.3.Cláusulas sobre garantías, plazo de ejecución, etc. … Este tipo de cláusulas intentan proteger a las partes de posibles errores de manipulación del equipo diseñado, así como establecer un período de garantía de funcionamiento del equipo. Reconocimiento de los materiales. El cliente queda autorizado a utilizar para el desarrollo de este proyecto los materiales que cumplan las condiciones indicadas en el pliego de condiciones., sin necesidad de reconocimiento previo de la empresa proyectista, siempre y cuando se trate de materiales de procedencia reconocida y suministros normales. Indemnizaciones por daños y perjuicios. El cliente no tendrá derecho a indemnización por causas de pérdidas, averías o perjuicios ocasionados en el desarrollo del proyecto. Será de cuenta de la empresa contratista indemnizar a quien corresponda y cuando a ello hubiere lugar, de todos los daños y perjuicios que puedan causarse por las operaciones de desarrollo y ejecución del proyecto. El contratista será el responsable de todos los accidentes que sobrevinieran durante la instalación del equipo electrónico, de cualquier avería o accidente. Plazos de ejecución. Se indican en el contrato y empezarán a contar partir de la fecha en que se comunique a la empresa proyectista la adjudicación del proyecto. Los retrasos debidos a causas ajenas a la voluntad de ésta serán motivo de prórroga. El retraso en el pago de cualquier valoración superior a partir de la fecha de la misma, se considerará motivo de prórroga por igual plazo. Recepción provisional. Una vez terminado el equipo electrónico en los quince días siguientes a la petición de la empresa proyectista se hará la recepción provisional del equipo por la empresa contratista, requiriendo para ello la presencia de una persona autorizada para cada empresa y levantándose por duplicado el acta correspondiente que firmarán las partes. Si se detectasen fallos de funcionamiento, la empresa contratista lo comunicará por escrito a la empresa proyectista para su reparación fijando un plazo prudencial. Periodo de garantía. Como garantía de la bondad de la obra se descontará a la empresa contratista la última liquidación, el 3% del importe total de la obra. 4.3.1. Planificación y Programación
18
4.4.
Cláusulas de índole económica.
En estas cláusulas se suele determinar la forma de pago en las distintas fases del proyecto: Pagos valorados. Mensualmente se hará, entre la empresa proyectista y la contratista, una valoración del proyecto desarrollado, con arreglo a los precios establecidos y con los planos y referencias necesarias para su comprobación. La comprobación y aceptación deberán quedar determinadas en 15 días. Abonos de materiales. Cuando a juicio de la empresa contratista no exista peligro de hurto de los componentes adquiridos para el desarrollo del equipo electrónico, éstos se abonarán antes de la finalización del proyecto según establezcan las partes, no obstante la empresa contratista podrá exigir las garantías necesarias para evitar la salida o deterioro de los componentes abonados. Descuento por equipo defectuoso. La empresa contratista podrá proponer a la empresa proyectista la aceptación de estas taras con la rebaja económica que estime oportuna si se ha observado defectos de funcionamiento en el equipo electrónico diseñado con relación a lo exigido en el pliego de condiciones. Si no quedara satisfecho la empresa contratista con la rebaja quedará obligado al rediseño y construcción de toda la parte del equipo electrónico afectada por los efectos señalados. Revisión de costos. Se revisarán los costos siempre que resulten modificados las condiciones económicas de los costos de materiales en una diferencia superior al 5% al valor prefijado del precio estipulado en el presupuesto. Cuando la empresa contratista requiera la ampliación de alguna de las especificaciones o características del equipo electrónico se deberá realizar un estudio económico del sobreprecio a pagar por la empresa contratista. De no haber acuerdo, la empresa proyectista quedará relevada del compromiso de ejecución quedando obligada al empresa contratista al abono total de todos los costes de mano de obra, y similares desembolsados hasta el momento por la empresa proyectista. Abono de obras. Los pagos valorados se abonarán dentro del mes siguiente a la fecha de redacción. Cualquier retraso sobre estos plazos será indemnizado con el interés oficial para efectos comerciales fijado por el Banco de España. Liquidación definitiva. En el plazo máximo de un mes desde la recepción del equipo electrónico por parte de la empresa contratista ésta deberá realizar la liquidación definitiva. De existir fianza, éste se devolverá en el mes siguiente a la finalización del plazo de garantía estipulado de no haber reclamaciones de terceros por daños, etc. 4.5. Cláusulas de índole legal En estas cláusulas se delimitan las condiciones en las que ambas partes podrán rescindir el contrato de construcción del equipo electrónico objeto del proyecto. Modificaciones de obra. El diseño del equipo electrónico podrá ser cambiado total o parcialmente por la empresa contratista, no obstante si la empresa proyectista se considera perjudicada en sus intereses, solicitará la indemnización a que se considere acreedora, y cuya estimación someterán las partes a la decisión de la comisión arbitral. En los casos de suspensión no correrá el plazo. Derecho de rescisión. La empresa proyectista podrá rescindir el contrato en los siguientes casos:
19
1. Cuando las variaciones introducidas en el equipo electrónico aumenten o disminuyan el importe total de ésta de un 20%. 2. Cuando por razones ajenas a la empresa proyectista pase más de un años sin poder trabajar en el equipo electrónico. 3. Cuando se retrase más de seis meses el pago de alguno de los pagos valorados estipulados. Rescisión por incumplimiento del contrato. En el caso de retraso injustificado sobre los plazos fijados se impondrá a la empresa proyectista una multa de 1,5% del presupuesto asignado como pago valorado. Liquidación en caso de rescisión. Se hará una liquidación única que será la definitiva con arreglo a lo estipulado en este pliego. Cuestiones no previstas o reclamaciones. Todas las cuestiones que pudieran surgir sobre interpretación, perfeccionamiento y cumplimiento de las condiciones del contrato entre ambas partes serán resueltas por la comisión arbitral. La comisión arbitral deberá dictar resolución después de oídas las partes dentro de los quince días siguientes al planteamiento del asunto ante la misma. Durante este plazo, la empresa proyectista deberá acatar las órdenes de trabajo indicadas por la empresa contratista sin perjuicio de proclamar las indemnizaciones correspondientes si la resolución le fuese favorable. Entre las resoluciones dictadas por la comisión arbitral figurará en todo caso la proposición en que cada una de las partes deberá participar en el abono de los horarios de las personas que forman la comisión y de los peritos cuyo informe haya sido solicitado por ella.
20
5. PRESUPUESTO
21
5.1.
Presupuestos parciales
5.1.1.
Presupuesto de componentes y material vario
Cantidad 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Total 5.1.2.
Producto Condensadores 100uF 25V Condensadores 10uF 50V Condensadores 4,7uF 50V Condensadores 47uF 25V Condensadores 100nF 65V Condensadores 1000uF 25V Resistencias 1k 1/4W Resistencias 5k6 1/4w Resistencias 100K 1/4w Resistencias 15K 1/4w Resistencias 4K7 1/4w Resistencias 10 1/4w Resistencias 2k7 1/4w Resistencias 82 1/4w Resistencias 47K 1/4w Potenciómetro 100K Diodo 1N4002 Diodo 1N4148 Transistor BD137 Transistor BD678 Circuito Integrado LM311 Regulador LM317L
Precio con IVA 0.32€ 0.14€ 0.55€ 0.29€ 0.28€ 0.26€ 0.12€ 0.05€ 0.12€ 0.08€ 0.07€ 0.04€ 0.12€ 0.09€ 0.12€ 0.24€ 0.11€ 0.07€ 0.68€ 0.48€ 0.38€ 0.77€ 5.45€
Presupuesto de Mano de obra Horas 15 10 20 Total
5.1.3.
Precio Unitario Precio sin IVA 0.14€ 0.28€ 0.12€ 0.12€ 0.23€ 0.46€ 0.24€ 0.24€ 0.23€ 0.23€ 0.22€ 0.22€ 0.05€ 0.10€ 0.04€ 0.04€ 0.10€ 0.10€ 0.07€ 0.07€ 0.06€ 0.06€ 0.03€ 0.03€ 0.05€ 0.10€ 0.08€ 0.08€ 0.10€ 0.10€ 0.20€ 0.20€ 0.09€ 0.09€ 0.06€ 0.06€ 0.57€ 0.57€ 0.40€ 0.40€ 0.31€ 0.31€ 0.64€ 0.64€ 4.03€ 4.50€
Concepto Diseño esquema Diseños PCB Montaje
Precio sin IVA 450€ 300€ 600 € 1350€
Precio con IVA 544.5€ 363€ 726€ 1633.5€
Presupuesto de Medios auxiliares e instrumentación
Cantidad 1 1 1 Total
Concepto Agua oxigenada 100 Vol. Agua Fuerte Baquelita
Precio sin IVA 1€ 0.25 € 2.5 € 3.75 €
Precio con IVA 1.21 € 0.28 € 3.04 € 4.53 €
22
5.2.
Presupuesto general
Concepto Componentes Mano de Obra Medios Auxiliares Total
Precio sin IVA 4.50€ 1350€ 3.75 € 1358.25€
Precio con IVA 5.45€ 1633.5€ 4.53 € 1643.48€
El presente presupuesto asciende a mil seiscientos cuarenta y tres euros con cuarenta y ocho céntimos.
Técnico Superior:
Técnico Superior:
Matteo Salvatore Busonera
Sergio García Rodríguez
23