PORTFOLIO Architecture | Urbanism
Anubhuti Chandna MSc Urbanism | B. Arch NL: +31 626 936 291 ; IND: +91 963 689 0809 chandna.anubhuti@gmail.com
Hello! My name is Anubhuti. I have graduated with a Bachelors in Architecture [B. Arch] from Aayojan School of Architecture, Jaipur and three years of professional experience prior to my Masters in Urbanism at the Delft University of Technology, Netherlands. Over the years, I have come to apprehend that be it architecture, urban design, conservation or planning, cannot be worked in isolation. They are not just matter of aesthetic designs, but rather a means of communication between people ranging from all fields of architecture and urbanism.
Owing to my upbringing in a multicultural family living in Jaipur, India, I was always drawn towards the history and cultural landscape of the city. This aspect further extended during my internship at Vastu Shilpa Consultants as I was also fortunate enough to work with the Pritzker Winner of 2018, Prof. B. V. Doshi which helped me understand city's behavioural patterns and how they manifest as an architectural expression.
Being a hardworking, self-motivated and creative person, I have and continue to drive myself to explore different challenges and opportunities Apart from my studies, I have volunteered in organizing events like The Confronting Informality Symposium; Delft Summer School-Design for Water; an exhibition titled Circular Water Stories, as part of a graduation lab in landscape architecture; Capacity Building Workshop on teaching-learning design, etc. My other interests include reading, travelling, sketching and doodling. I now wish to work with organizations that offer diverse prospects and work on research projects which go beyond the academic curriculum, further exercising and extending my knowledge in architecture, master planning, water management, urban planning, landscape and design.
2
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Internship- Play the City, Amsterdam [November 2019- Present] Research Fellowship- Charles Correa Foundation, Goa [July 2015- June 2016] Assistant Professor- Aayojan School of Architecture, Jaipur [July 2014- Aug 2017] Architectural Intern- Vastu Shilpa Consultants, Ahmedabad [January- June 2013]
ANUBHUTI CHANDNA
ACADEMIC PAPERS (Unpublished)
EXPERTISE
|
The Openness in(of) the City Understanding the relevance and notion of ‘openness’ in present day cities
Graphic Design
Re-imagining the Indian Historic City under Metropolitan Processes, Jaipur, India Towards a Holistic Urban Regeneration Strategy
Photography
Architect
|
Urbanist
|
Explorer
INFORMATION chandna.anubhuti@gmail.com Franselaan 260A, 3028AS, Rotterdam
|
Collide | Unified | Synergy Defined Towards and Integrated System of Water Management in Jaipur
Strong Communication Public Speaking Team work & Time Management
What Rural India Needs Balancing traditional and modern practices in agriculture
NL: +31 626 936 291
RESEARCH I CONFERENCES I WORKSHOPS | EXHIBITION
IND: +91 963 689 0809
Circular Water Stories Exhibition, TU Delft, Netherlands [12-22 March 2019] International Conference on Urban Conservation, Kolkata, India [26-28 Nov 2018]
EDUCATION
Visualizations, Illustrations & Sketching
SKILLS Adobe Indesign Adobe Photoshop
TU Delft Summer School: Planning and Design with Water for Sustainability [15-26 July 2018]
Adobe Illustrator
MSc Architecture, Urbanism & Building Science (Track Urbanism) + Masters Honours Program (Ir.)
Confronting Informality Competition and Symposium [March - June 2018]
Autodesk Autocad
Delft University of Technology, Netherlands
Heritage Walk around living culture of Jaipur [27th Sept 2016]
Sept 2017- June 2019
Delft X: Design for the Public Good | Dutch Urbanism [March - April 2017]
Z- Axis conference: Buildings as Ideas [1-3 Sept 2016] Aug 2009- May 2014
Archicad Google Sketchup
Capacity Building Workshop: Teaching Learning Design [13-14 Aug, 2016]
Bachelors in Architecture (B.Arch) Aayojan School of Architecture, Jaipur, India
Autodesk Revit
Livable Cities [12-13 January 2014] 361 Degrees Conference [March 2013]
Microsoft Office Wordpress 3
CONTENTS
4
DESIGN 01 | REHYDRATING JAIPUR Towards an integrated sustainable water management strategy
02 | PROVOKING THE LEVIATHAN Triggering Regenration in Porto Marghera, Venice
03 | AMSTERDAM’S HILL SPHERES
RESEARCH 08 | RE-IMAGINING THE INDIAN HISTORIC CITY UNDER METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES Urban Regenration Strategy for the Walled City of Jaipur
09 | CATCH RAIN WHERE IT FALLS Exploring the ancient water wisdom of Jaipur
10 | DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR AANGANWADIS IN GOA
Implementation of the Polycentric Model through Circular Wasted Landscapes, AMA
04 | GENERATING THE GRADIENT Transitional Surfaces, Delft
05 | THE RED SCHOOL UNDER THE TREE Prototype Aanganwadi in Goa
06 | REDEVELOPMENT OF BHADRA PRECINCT Precinct Redevelopment, Ahmedabad
11 | BUILDING CRAFTS OF GOA Research on Kaavi- Goa’s Sacred Art
12 | STREETS AS CULTURAL SPACES Indian Streets as Public Space
13 | PUBLIC FORUMS Dwell- Design for Informality Workship 2015 Lecture Series
07 | TAGORE INSTITUTE OF RURAL RECONSTRUCTION
Buildings As Ideas: The Un-Built Work of Charles Correa
Rural Development Project, Bassi
5
01 RE-HYDRATING JAIPUR Water Scarcity | Security | Metropolitization
Graduation Thesis (Sept 2018- June 2019)
Location: Jaipur, India Tutor: Fransje Hooimeijer, Inge Bobbink
6
Introduction
Current Water Supply Network
Climate change and its effect on water is an unavoidable phenomenon. However, the scarcity of this precious resource is not just due to changing natural patterns but a highly man made disaster. Similar to this condition, the water system in Jaipur has central instabilities. With high level of dependence on a single source at the moment, high transmission loss, increasing water pollution and degradation of the ecosystems, the resilience to such loss is low. This condition has further worsened due to Design
the changing precipitation patterns leading to less rainfall in the last decade and intensive heat which causes high evaporation. But, in order to meet the rising demand of the population and industries, changing land use both in urban and peri urban areas, has resulted in over exploitation of ground and surface water, the city is now facing a severe water crisis.
72 M
LD
Engineering
239 M L
D
How can the integration of traditional systems and state of the art in water management have a positive effect on the metropolitan region of Jaipur in order to ensure resilience against water scarcity and security? 90
Problem
Cause
Effect of Climate Change
Water Scarcity
Effect
due to
Drought Conditions & Desertification
Changing Precipitation Patterns
Rising Temperation-High Evaporation
334 MLD
leads to
12 MLD
62 MLD
Problem
D ML
Context
Overuse of Water Resources
due to
Increasing Population Higher Consumption of Resources & Production of Waste
Demand>Supply
Balawala Pumping Station
Changing Land use
450 MLD 120Km
Metropolitan Processes -Urban Sprawl -Rapid Urbanization
Rural- Urban Migration
Agriculture
Industries
Domestic
Surajpura Treatment Plant
leads to
leads to
leads to
550 MLD
due to
Incompetant Governance - Lack of Knowledge and Skills - Ineffiency in providing Infrastructure
Inefficient Sewage & Drainage System
River & Groundwater Contamination
-Low Sewage and Coverage Treatment
-Organic Sewerage -Toxins from Industries - Fertilizers from Agriculture
Bisalpur Dam
Conflicts and Disasters
Water Security leads to
Unequal Distribution - Consumption -Distribution Loss
Lack of Rain Water Harvesting - Abandoned Indigenous Practices - Lack of Open Space
Shortage of Freshwater Sources
Pumping Stations Central Feeder Western Feeder Southern Feeder 7
Proposed Hybrid System
The aim of this graduation project can be categorized into two parts: the first half looks at the general goal to devise a sustainable strategy for integrated urban water management and urban planning for semiarid zones, created by a hybrid system of centralized and de-centralized water management practices. Based on this knowledge, the main strategy proposes a toolbox of interventions in built form and landscape on different scales which can be applied across all cities. The second half is context specific, focusing on the region on Jaipur, India and how water sensitive spatial planning and design by using the toolbox can help to ensure a resilient urban environment.
Roof
Porous Pavements
Roads
Pervious Soil
Residential
Indoor Rainwater Harvesting
Central Water Supply
Evaporation
Precipitation
Stormwater Harvesting
Stormwater Drainage
Industrial
Outdoor
Treatment
Aim
Treatment
Wastewater
Greywater/ Wastewater
Agricultural
Excessive Runoff
Multi Scaler Objectives | JAIPUR REGION |
| JAIPUR CITY |
•
•
Area
R REGION |
11,143 sq km
Adminnistrative Division
13 Sub Districts, 19 Towns, 2180 Villages
•
Jaipur Development Authority
Total Population
6.6 Million Urban: 3.4 Million [52.4%]
Population Density Households
km
Rural: 3.1 Million [47.6%]
1,145,904
| WALLED 4.34 % of RegionCITY
ns, 2180 Villages
• •
Jaipur Municipal Corporation
on
3.04 Million
Rural: 3.1 Million [47.6%]
sq km
6593 persons/ sq km
04
381,176 33.2 % of Region
Wards
al Corporation
Million
6.7 sq km 1.38 % of City
Reviving river basins and catchments 77 Wards 14 Wards of the City Jaipur Municipalin Corporation Jaipur Municipal Corporation areas the city 3.04 Million 0.28 Million Reorganize sewerage and drainage systems which promotes water 6593 persons/ sq km 42164 persons/ sq km harvesting and reuse 381,176 64,800 33.2 % of Region 17 % of City Curbing water pollution Reduce Urban Runoff
Traditional Systems
Zoning Level
- Stepwells -Public Wells - Johads -Chaukas
Wastewater Discharge
Decentralized Infrastructure
Zoning Level
Household/ Neighbourhood Level
- Green Infrastructure - Landscape Design - Urban Design
Decentralized Treatment Plants
Zoning Level
- Green Technological Innovations - Nature based solutions
Multi User Planning Hybrid Water Management
[Planning]
[Governance]
[Enginnering and Design]
1.38 % of City
Regional | City | Zonal
Zonal | Neighbourhood | Local
Neighbourhood | Local
• •
- Decentralizing water management and treatment governance
- Adopting Nature based Solutions as green infrastructure
- Community based water resource management
- Tranditional water management systems and Innovation
- Local Decision making for collective effort at rainwater harvesting and use
- Water sensitive open/ green urban and landscape design
14 Wards of the City
Water Sensitive Urban Design Revival of Traditional Systems and how they can be used as a base driver for 42164 persons/ sq km recharge 64,800
Jaipur Municipal Corporation
0.28 Million
- Water Sensitive Urban Planning catering to ecological, economical. social and cultural demands - Water Sensitive Land Use Planning (built vs open)
17 % of City
- Decentralized Infrastructure for water sewerage and drainage
- Embrace sustainable new technologies - Integrated Watershed Management
sq km
of Region
% of| Region | WALLED4.34 CITY
Local Level
Groundwater Recharge
6.7 sq km
|
77 Wards
nt Authority
•
595 person/ sq km
484.5 sq km
PUR CITY[95.6%] | ural: 10,653
Creating a synergetic system of traditional and state of the art practices in water management Promoting rainwater conservation as the main driver for reuse and recharge
484.5 sq km
Urban: 489.5 sq km [4.39%] CITY Rural: |10,653 [95.6%] | JAIPUR
Stormwater Discharge
| WALLED CITY |
6.7 sq km
8
1.38 % of City
14 Wards of the City Jaipur Municipal Corporation
0.28 Million
Transmission Loss
Proposed Open Space/ Green Areas ollowing the URDPFI recommended standard and projected population of 6.5 million, the new masterplan should incorporate a minimum of 90.93 sq km of green/open space which would not only serve the purpose of public space but also act as catchment zones for rainwater harvesting or retention basins for the aquifers of the city.
Harvested Water for Landscaping
As per UDPFI Guidelines, per capita space should be 12-14m2 in metropolitan cities Required Space/Catchment:
90.93km2 Annual Rainfall: 600mm Runoff Coefficient: 0.5
27,279,000 lit/year 9
10
01 | GREEN BLUE GRIDS
High Income Residential and Administrative edge Mostly inaccessable Channeled Water Drain Goes underground towards north
The case of Kartarpura Urban Creek Residential
Hospitality 9-9.5m
Kartarpura Nala is among 5 major open drains of the city. This sewer is located within two micro basins 4m and pass through several neighborhoods before it joins the river. During the monsoons, the flow increases in the drain. The range of land use along this drain is majorly high density residential,Administrative two informal settlements and institutional areaInformal in theSettlement north.
Residential Zone
15m 4.5m
2m
Residential
Mixed Use Industrial Edge, along with informal settlements Fairly accessible, rainway bridges above Floods during monsoons Highly contaminated of water Channeled Water Drain
Hospitality 9-9.5m
Mixed Use Residential
Low Income Residential
18m 4m 7m
4.5m
Administrative
Informal Settlement 15m
Midlle Income Mixed Use Residential
4.5m
Residential
2m
Low Income Residential Hospitality
15-25m 9-9.5m
Mixed Use Residential
Low Income Residential
18m4m
3.5m
Low to Medium Income -high density residential edge Less accessibility Few Urban Farms along the edge Floods during monsoons Highly contaminated of water Width various in different areas
Infrastructural Zone
Eco Sensitive- Residential Zone
1.5-2m 7m
4.5m Administrative
Informal Settlement
Low Income Residential 15m
Midlle Income Mixed Use Residential
47m
4.5m
Agriculture
2m
3m Low Income Residential
15-25m Mixed Use Residential
Low Income Residential
Residential
18m
3.5m
1.5-2m 7m
4.5m
30m 6m Low Income Residential
47m
Midlle Income Mixed Use Residential
Mixed 3m Use Residential
Agriculture
37m Residential 10m
Low Income Residential
15-25m
3.5m
Barren Land 1.5-2m
30m 6m
Low Income Residential
Middle Income Residential Low Income Residential 22m
47m
Mixed Use Residential
Agriculture
11
Underground Section The section of the canal has been designed in a way that it holds the maximum capacity,
The proposal is based on the entire 7.5 km stretch with potential solutions of redefined water course, revised land use, storm-water and sewage treatment. Following the principles of sewerage management, stormwater drainage and rainwater conservation and reuse, 5 components have been designed which guide the overall process: Summer-Winter Section, Buffer Zones, Soil Biotechnology Treatment Plant, Design of Stormwater Drainage and Reuse and Chaukas (microbasins)
Underground Drain Line
especially during heavy rains. The typical section forms a drain, 10m in width helophyte filters along the edges.
STP 1 Redevelopment of Slum Areas
Creating New Access Routes
STP 2
Summer Section During the summers, the lower part is used for water flow, while during monsoons with heavy flow of water, the water rises up to the complete width of the canal.
Park/ Cultivation/ Green buffer/ Open Space Buffer Zone
Brick lined canal for treated water percolation
Urban Farms New Housing Development
Winter/ Monsoon Section he buffer zone along the entire edge of the canal has been designed at an angle for 15 degrees to ensure flood protection and serving a public space during summers Park/ Cultivation/ Green buffer/ Open Space
Park/ Cultivation/ Green buffer/ Open Space
Buffer Zone
Buffer Zone
Helophyte Filters
Recreational Areas Brick lined canal for treated water percolation
12
Brick lined canal for treated water percolation
Proposed Design Layers
Recreational Green Spaces Commercial
1. Allocating Land Use
Urban Farms Mixed Use Residential
Urban Farms
Space for Informal Market
2. Green Blue Structures & Public Space
Spaces for promoting local economy and farmers' market
Cultural Space
Chaukas for Rainwater Percolation
Public Squares
3. Pedestrian and Vehicular Connections 6m Wide Vehicular Street
Pedestrian Bridges
Multifunctional Spaces along the creek
4. Reorganizing Stormwater Drainage System Stormwater Drains Redefined Canal and Buffer Zone
Stormwater Filteration and Storage Tank for maintaining landscapes
Existing Green
13
1. Mixed Use Residential Housing with basic amenities and public spaces along the water's edge
2. Urban Farms
3. Pedestrian Bridges
4. Space for weekly onformal markets
5. Children's Park/ Recreational Areas/ Hobby Gardens
5
4
2
1
14
3
6
6. Multi-functional public space for events/ discussions
02 | RENATURED INFORMALITY Catchments of Jhalana Doongri Nestled within what should be a reserved forest zone along the Jaipur Delhi Highway, the slum accommodates about 700 families, habiting the lower terrain of the hills. The area being part of the catchment zone of valley areas, collect water as natural reserves. Although a degraded zone due to urbanization, the dune landscape has a strong potential to increasing forest/ green cover of the city.
Synergizing Traditional and Modern Systems
Furaat Precast Modular Stepwell Blackwater from the toilet complex is then treated in an underground anaerobic water treatment plant. The treated water from this plant is then reused in the toilet complex.
Furaat Precast Modular Stepwell
Johad [Macrobasins]
The stored water from Johads is then transferred to the precast modular well which filters and stores the water which can be used by slum dwellers for non-potable purposes.
The storm-water runoff during monsoons is stored in Johads (5 catchment zones) which partially filters the water with the help of helophyte filters, thus functioning as a constructed wetland and also lets enough percolate into the ground, thus helping in recharge the ground water table.
Semicircular mud embankment built across the slopes to hold back the monsoon runoff Excess water flows through natural drain
Rainwater from Catchment Area
Spillway Earthen Bund to arrest runoff
15 Excess Water
Integrated Nature Based Interventions
Keeping in mind the temporary nature of the settlement, the project proposes to create an synergetic system of water supply and sanitation for the area, a system which would provide basic services to the people until relocated and further dissolve itself within the landscape. A common system has been allocated within each zone which consists of 4 components: Furhaat Precast Modular Stepwells, Johads, Underground Anaerobic Treatment Plant and Chaukas (Microbasins). The proposed strategy aligns these four components into one systems which recharges, reuses and recycles water to the maximum potential. 16
03 | REVIVING ANCIENT WISDOM
Maji ki Bawadi 15
Stepwells of Amer The stepwells of Rajasthan have played an important role in providing water services through generations. 50 of such stepwells with 5 different typologies can be found in the region of Jaipur. As a revival strategy for the stepwell, the proposal aims to restore the functioning of the stepwells by designing a water collection system to recharge the aquifers. The stormwater drains and rooftop water will be redirected to a collection tank for filteration and stored in stepwells to recharge the water table.
14 Van Talab Bawadi
Sagar 13 Naku Bawadi 11 Rukmani Bawadi Cheela Bawadi 12
10 Tattar ki Bawadi
Maota Lake
9 Vijay Bhag ki Bawadi
Sarai Bawadi
8
Mahadev Bawadi 4
Arcade Raj Rajeshwar Bawadi I Raj Rajeshwar Bawadi II
UP
UP DN
Steps to access the water
Source of Arcade Water
3 Mansagar Lake Religious Events Community Libraries, Institutional Activities
Parshuram Dwar Bawadi 1
DN UP
Atreya Bawadi
7 6
UP
Cultural Events, Literature Fests
Kale Hanuma Bawadi 2
Local Cafes/ Tea Shops Informal Craft Markets
Arcade
Bangali Baba ki Bawadi
5
Tourism Promotion 0
0.1
0.2
0.5
1km
17
Isometric section showing the proposed functioning of the stepwell for recharge and public space
Outlet for Excess stormwater Filteration Pit
Well Field Channel
Sand and Gravel Filter
18
As a step further, to maximize the potential of these spaces, the project also proposes to provide a functional use to this existing infrastructure by bringing back the value of public space that they once offered. Depending on the location, a network of the wells can be created which could potentially function as spaces for local activities, small libraries, cafes, restaurants, art galleries, etc, which would be managed by local communities. The management and maintenance will thus be done locally, creating a sense of ownership amongst the people through a participatory approach.
04 | MAKING WATER EVERYBODY'S BUSINESS "What happens to a city's traditional foundations of service delivery when it expands boundaries and enhances its infrastructure?"
Public Wells in the walled city The walled city of Jaipur was initially planned to accommodate a population of 150,000 people over an area of 6.7 square km, which has increased rapidly over the years. To cater to the water needs of the people, there are approximately 820 wells located within neighborhoods in the walled city. Over the years with increase in demand, most of these wells dried out or became unusable due to water pollution. However, very few are still active and pumped using bore wells. The proposal aims to redirect the rooftop rainwater from houses and store it in the well which helps in recharging the aquifer as well as be used for non-potable purposes. This will be done using the existing rainwater pipes which currently open into the streets. A ‘Pop Up Filter’, which is a rainwater harvesting filer, designed by Mr. A.R. Shivakumar, senior fellow at the Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology (KSCST). The collected water is then discharged into the well for further use.
Collective Effort at Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting to recharge existing wells
Collection Tank Pop Up Filter
19
Section 1
As a prototype proposal, a well from Chokdi Modikhana has been revitalized. The design aims to not only recharge and store water for use but also redesign public space around these wells.
Rainwater Harvesting Network Section 2
Section 1
Section 2
Section 1
Section 2
Defining Access Routes
21m
Section 1
Section 2
Section 1
21m
Section 2
Revitalizing Public Space Section 2
21m
0 1
2
4
8
16
21m
0 1
20
2
4
8
16
Section 1
02 PROVOKING THE LEVIATHAN Triggering Regeneration in Porto Marghera, Venice
MSc Urbanism: Infrastructure and Environment Design (May- June 2018)
Client: Authority of Porto Marghera Location: Venice Tutor: Taneha Bacchin, Hamed Khosravi Site Area: 95 Hectares Team: Anubhuti Chandna, Catalina Rey, Jingxuan Xie, Osman Ural This work presented is an individual proposal as part of a complete redevelopment of Porto Marghera which aims to improve the transit network between the port and the city of venice and generate new economic functions in order to revive the port. 21
Once a highly ranked, vibrant and most important industrial center, the Port of Marghera, has now been under the process of degradation due to several regional processes. Therefore, it now calls for a new urban tissue that can generate new processes according to the current needs and changing future. The objective is to create an integrated transport network by extending the already existing tram into the port area. This will overlap with the location of the proposed station and cruise terminal, making travel easier for all commuters. The design strategies presented combines various modes of transportation, this creating a renewed relationship of infrastructre, landscape and people. The results achieved is an amalgamation of a diverse land use and systemic transport network which generates future processes in activating the entire port and establish a new alliance with Venice and mainland.
Blue-Green Adaptation measures to enhance urban resilience Surface Drainage
Bioswales
Constructed Wetlands Bioswale
Overflow Bioswale
Bioswale
Surface Drainage
Bioswale
Constructed Wetlands
The abandoned buildings of the Ex Agrimont have been activated through an art district project, which would cater to a Museum of Memory for Porto Marghera, several galleries and workshops for the creative industries to take over.
Overflow of green blue spaces
22
Surface Drainage
Museum of Memory, Porto Marghera
Constructed Wetlands
Existing Scenario
Restructing of Site and Adaptive Reuse of Buildings
The Green Blue Corridor
Amalgamating Functions
Ship Building Industry
Abandoned Buildings
Alutekna Industrie S.p.A.
VEGA Parco Scientifico Tecnologico di Venezia
VEGA Expo Cultural Function
Porto Marghera Ex Agrimont Float and Laminate Manufacturing
Recreational Function Recreational High Tech Industries Cultural facilities Exhibition and Hospitality Research & Development Marshlands
Hierarchy of Corridors
Pedestrian Bike Accessibility
Proposed Land Use To promote growth in economy and jobs, major part of the land has been reserved for offices, followed by the university and hispitality industry. But it has also been ensured that there is abundance of open green spaces not just for the remediation process but also for creating a better environment.
Incubators | Startups | Offices
Open Exhibition Commercial & Hospitality
Bike Parking
Art District & Museum
Proposed Station
Cultural Center 46%
12%
10%
High Tech Industries and Manufacturing
Cultural Facilities
R & D University
Commercial & Hospitality
University of Environmental Engineering Transit Access Nodes Main Corridor
20%
11%
1%
Open Public Space
Commercial + Exhibiton + Hospitality
Recreational
Secondary Corridor
Tertiary Corridor
Recreational Facility
Greenway Connector
23
Spatial Design:
Restructuring Post Industrial Landscape:
Blue Green Adaptation Measures to enhance Urban Resilience
To create an integrated transport network by extending the already existing tram into the port area which overlaps with the location of the proposed
To create a harmony between the landscape and existing features by
Since the site and its surrounding areas are contaminated due to the oil
uncovering old identities and combining them with new features and functions. This fact added to the necessity of reusing abandoned sites in the area and give an identity to the space.
refineries, certain strategies have been used for soil and water remidiation processes. The strategies form a network of water channels which captures the surface runoff, transfers it to the bioswales for filteration before it gets discharged into the main stream.
station and cruise terminal, making travel easier for all commuters.
Main Transport Corridor
A space for art and cultural activities
Integration with Curise Terminal
Re-invented abandoned buildings
24
03 AMSTERDAM'S HILL SPHERES Implementing the Polycentric Model through Circular Wasted Landscapes
MSc Urbanism:R & D Studio- Spatial Strategies for Global Metropolis (Feb 2018 - Apr 2018) Client: Municipality of Amsterdam Tutor: Lei Qu, Ulf Hackauf Location: Amsterdam Metropolitan Area Team: Anubhuti Chandna, Danny Janse, Jingxuan Xie, Osman Ural This work presented is an group proposal for the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area with an aim to implement the Circular Economy Model for achieving sustainable development. This has been done by injecting the polycentric model in the monocentricity of AMA through utilizing the wasted landscapes and making them flexible for future development
Buffer Zones Noise Barriers Empty Sites Schiphol Noise 25
The implementation of the circular economy is a priority of the sustainable policy of the AMA. To take the pressure of the current business district and reduce this pendulum-flow of people from satellite towns to the city centre, a more polycentric model has been proposed. The flow has be redirected by creating major subcenters around the city of Amsterdam. Each satellite town has been classified according to their degree of multi functionality. These subcenters have been created as they hold high degree of multifunctional value with the potential to serve other smaller towns by creating more job opportunities and enhancing their local economies. In addition, these new job oppurtunities can be created by maximizing the potential of the wasted landscapes in the area, namely brownfields, bufferzones and empty buildings. (Re)developing these wasted landscapes can create oppurtunities for new development. In order to make the wasted landscape a circular concept we need to reuse this ‘waste’ and keep it as close to it’s original function as possible. Just as with the biological and technological cycles, the smaller we can keep the circle, the more circular the end-result will be.
“ Monocentric Flows
Proposed Situation 26
To maximize the potential of wasted landscape through the polycentric model.
”
This new more polycentric model will create less wasted landscape, as the land value prices will become more controleable within the area and the urban sprawl will be more balanced. A more dispered and controlled land value will presumably result the current industries being able to stay on the location they’re currently in as it will positively influence the rent. A more balanced urban sprawl, together with the dispersion of job oppurtunies throughout the area, will make sure that less people need to commute longer distances, as the jobs will be spread within the AMA. Thus, the project aims to implement a more polycentric model by making wasted landscapes flexible for promoting sustainable growth in the AMA.
27
Algorithm for Finding Potential Sites
B
BUSINESSES
M
MEDIUM DEVELOPER
Comprehensive Database for Site Selection
The Platform The platform is an application that can be used to link the different wasted landscapes with the developers. By filtering the conditions, that go with the desired function, we can show the potential locations which meet these conditions. All of the important conditions have been mapped and can be layed on top of eachother to show certain highlighted wasted landscapes. As you can see in the diagram, the comprehensive database for site selection will only overlap the layers, that are shown to be important for the function. The differentation of important aspects between the different components and sub-components will show the different possibilities for a certain location.
Wasted landscape as fixed layer
28
Even though all of the subcenters have to deal will all three types of wasted landscape, each city stands out on one particular type of wasted landscape. This is mostly thanks to the history of the city and/or the urban texture of the municipality.
Natural and recreational landscape Park Water
Zaandam - Brownfields SERVICES
The most prominent type of wasted landscape within the city of Zaandam are the brownfields. Zaandam is europe’s olders industrial area and this left his marks in the soil of the municipality.
Almere - Bufferzones
Functionality of urban fabric Residential Creative industry Industrial zones
Since Almere is the Netherlands’s biggest ‘planned city’, the municipality shows signs of modernistic way of thinking. The railway, highway and powerlines are cutting right through the urban fabric of city, leaving huge bufferzones within the city’s urban tissue.
Hoofddorp - Empty buildings Hoofddorp currently has a huge problems with empty buildings, especially with empty offices. Since Hoofddorp is this well-situated relative to Schiphol Airport, it was an attractive locations for companies to move to. After the stagnant office market of the last years, the city had to deal with a of 54% total of empty offices (Averadge of Netherlands is 26%) (CBS, 2012).
Haarlem - Empty industrial buildings Haarlem started off as a industrial city, but it’s functioning drastically changed after the fall of the textile-industry in the Netherlands. This change, together with the general modernization and industrialization lead to multiple empty factories and industrial buildings throughout the city, located on attractive and prominent locations.
-CORPORATEProximity to Residential Areas Clean Green Spaces To Be in High Density Areas Access to Public Transportation
RECREATION
Transport network Service region of bus stop Service region of train station Highway and main road
Population density >5000 inhab/sqkm 2500-5000 inhab/sqkm 1000-2500 inhab/sqkm 500-1000 inhab/sqkm 250-500 inhab/sqkm 100-250 inhab/sqkm
Wasted landscape Wasted landscape Noise barriers Schiphol noise (buildable) Schiphol noise (buildable- non residential)
-SPORTS AREAAccess to Public Transportation Proximity to Non-Industrial Functions Clean Green + Open Public Spaces Large Area for Footprint
EDUCATIONAL
-UNIVERSITIESProximity to Residential Areas Access to Public Transportation Clean Green Spaces
RESIDENTIAL
-MEDIUM DENSITYTown houses Row housing Condominiums 29
04 GENERATING THE GRADIENT Transitional Surfaces
MSc Urbanism:R & D Studio- Designing Urban Environments (Nov2017 - Jan 2018)
Client: Municipality of Delft Tutor: Marco Lub Location: Industrial Area, Delft South West Built Area: 99855 sq mt; FSI: 1.52; GSI: 0.24 Site Area: 65,480 sq mt This work presented is an individual proposal as part of a group project for development of the Delft South West area by creating better networks through the city and generating economic opportunities for some areas. 30
The project discription proposes to build 7500 housing units for the growing population of the city, especially catering to the students of TU Delft. The site is located along the river Schie on one side and the railway Typical Natural Landscape
line on the other, both acting as barriers, but control the movement of goods and services across the city.
The Dutch Landscape
How to bring back the landscape?
Existing Situation
Forming connections | Defining the axis
Forming a series of public spaces along the axis
Proposed Network
Shaping Topography Program
Performance Area
Start Up Offices
Housing for students and young employees
Outdoor Meeting Areas
Flea Market
Cafes- Food Trucks
Co- Working Spaces
Green Areas
Flexible Multifunctional Spaces
Typologies of Public Space
Defining Landscape Vistas
Allocating Space 31
32
05 THE RED SCHOOL UNDER THE TREE
Charles Correa Foundation (August- Dec 2015)
Supported by: JSW Foundation Client: Women and Child Development, Goa Location: Bambolim, Goa Built Area: 97 sq mt Site Area: 410 sq mt Project Year: 2015 Principal Architect: Ar. Sachin Agshikar The work involved preparation of execution drawings, site supervision & documentation. 33
06 REDEVELOPMENT OF BHADRA PRECINCT
Internship: Vastu Shilpa Consultantas, Ahmedabad (Jan- June 2013)
Supported by: CEPT University Client: Amdavad Municipal Corporation Location: Ahmedabad, India Project Year: 2013 Principal Architect and Urban Designer: Prof. Balkrishna V. Doshi Project Head: Mariana Felix Paisana, Rocio Conesa Source: Sangath.org 34
The project started in 2011 and completed November 2014 in collaboration with different public, private and independent organizations. Funded by the JNNURM (Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission), the project became the first of its kind as a redevelopment and pedestrianization of a public space in an Indian old city. The work involved on site surveys, measured drawings & preparation of execution drawings. It also involved documentation of the informal sector that existed in the precinct.
35
07 TAGORE INSTITUTE OF RURAL RECONSTRUCTION Architectural Thesis
Aayojan School of Archiecture, Jaipur (Jan- May 2014)
X Semester Research Guide: Prof. Archana S. Rathore Individual Research and Design 36
Tagore’s objective- “To bring back life to its completeness into villages, making them self reliant and self respectful, acquainted with the cultural traditions of their own country and competent to make an efficient use of modern resources for the improvement of their physical, intellectual and economic conditions.”
Rural Library Program
Im
Broti Balak Program
•
AT M
Awareness Program
RURAL RECONSTRUCTION
Seeks to awaken the villager from the long stupor of ages, shake his lethargy and work in corporation with govt agencies and improve his lot.
MORAL Aims in creating in him, the desire of self improvement and self discipline by individual and collective action.
Economic Development
Women & Child Development
Training Program
•
•
Pro vid ee du Inf cat lec orm ion IN tur ati al on es, fac TE an de i l itie mo d in LL s nst s to EC rat truct a l l ion i TU s, on th ne AL ws roug h pa pe rs
To carry the knowledge and experience gained in the classroom and the experimental farm to the villagers,in the endeavor to improve their overall situation
ER
To take the problems of the village and the field to the classroom for the study and discussion and to the experimental farm for solution.
•
IA
L
To win the friendship of villagers and cultivators by taking real interest in all that concerns their lives and welfare and by making lively efforts in assisting and solving them.
pro ve h En cou ealth rag • ing Pro • Ra vis be • tte i i s on es rs Be of tan an tte m ita rm da e fin d tio rd eth i c an n al of od ce aid livi so an n f cu g. dm lti ark etin vatio n, g
PROJECT OBJECTIVES
“If we could free even one village from the shackles of helplessness and ignorance, and ideal for the whole of India would be established. Let a few villages be rebuilt this way.”
Innovative Community Self Help Program Learning Program
Continuing Education
Women Empowerment Agricultural Extension
Games & Sports
-Rabindranath Tagore 37
TAGORE’S PHILOSOPHIES
DESIGN PROCESS
Geometrical derivation of amphitheater
In his philosophy of education, the aesthetic development of the senses was as important as the intellectual...if not so and music, literature, art, dance and drama were given great prominence. He promoted the system on the model of the forest solitude or under the open sky. He insisted that no mind can grow properly without living in intimate communication with nature. it stimulates imagination and creativity and combats the boredom of mechanical learning.
-Rabindranath Tagore was a Bengali poet, novelist and painter best known for being the first Non- European to be awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913 with his book Gitanjali, Song Offerings. He was highly influential in introducing Indian culture to the West and is generally regarded as the outstanding creative artist of modern India.
In case of a classroom, a hexagonal space could both be used for regular teaching as well as discussions. Due to the uniformity of the shape, all beams, columns, and wall panels/storefront systems can be the same size. The hexagon can also be configured to accommodate a variety of spaces including but not limited to administration, library, food service, or multi-purpose spaces.
Mathematicians have demonstrated that the hexagon is the most efficient form for enclosing maximum space with a minimum of materials. When individual hexagons are combined, each unit nests into the area between the adjoining units, creating spaces that are arranged in an efficient and aesthetically pleasing way.
Although both Tagore and Gandhi worked towards a common goal in the Indian Independence, the differences in opinion and attitude between Tagore and Gandhi are familiar to the students of modern Indian history.
38
Classroom typologies
ENCLOSED
SEMI OPEN
OPEN TO SKY
TAGORE’S CONCEPTS: SPACE INTERPRETATION • Manipulation of open space- ratio occupied by the open should be more than the buildings, giving the sense of freedom and release of enclosure • Space was also of greater consequence in positioning the object into proper frames, mostly conformed to geometric designs and patterns • Play of light and shade or the position of rooms to create a unique sense of mystery • Buildings should not stand out from their surroundings, rather than remain camouflaged amidst trees around them • Height of the building should not go beyond the height of the tallest tree in vicinity
SITE SECTION 39
VETERINARY CLINIC VERMICOMPOSTING SHED Entrance Plaza OPEN WORKSHOPS
JOHAD
WORKSHOP BLOCK
Informal Learning Spaces
OPEN CLASSROOMS
AMPHITHEATRE CRECHE
Open Classrooms LIBRARY ACCOMODATION
MUSEUM & SHOP CAFETARIA ADMIN BLOCK Library
ENTRANCE
40
The Workshop block contains seven different workshops, namely, Wood, Textile, Handicrafts, Pottery and Ceramics, Sanitation, Paper Making and Solar, each of which has a an area of 80 sq mt along with a store room attached to it. Every workshop is attached to an open (courtyard) and a semi open space (corridors) to it, which act as its spill over,
Workshop Block
and also as an interactive space for the people.
Workshop Block
Workshop Spaces
Central Court
Section X
Informal Market Space
Section Y
41
08 RE-IMAGINING THE INDIAN HISTORIC CITY UNDER METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES Honours Program Masters Architecture and Built Environment (Jan 2018- Ongoing)
Location: Jaipur Tutor: Prof. Diego Carmona Sepulveda This work presented is an individual proposal as part of the Honours Program Masters in the Built Environment at TU Delft. The research involves presentations and an academic paper. The work was also presented at the International Conference on Urban Conservation held at Kolkata, India in November. 42
Urban Identity of the 'Pink City' In the early 18th century, the city was called the House of the 36 Industries (Chattis Karkhanas) for being an historical trade centre largely supported by crafts and folk art, including painting, wood carving, pottery, sculptures, textiles, gemstones, handicrafts, leather bags and jewellery, employs about 175,000 people working in around 53,500 workshops in the historic core. In 2015, it has been given the title of 'World Creative City of Culture and Folk Arts' and recently as the ‘World Heritage City’
Missing link in the Urban Planning Paradigm While the modern city continues to grow, there is a social, physical and cultural disconnect between the heritage city and the new development due to rapid urbanization, transit oriented development and lack of efficient infrastructure and services has lead to the loss of identity and value of the historic center in the metropolitan area of Jaipur.
43
Towards an Urban Regeneration Strategy
Layers and Scales of Intervention
A ' Holistic Sustainable Urban Regeneration Model' is required for restructuring of the region which integrates long term and strategic actions with a multi-scalar and multi-user setting, addresses all issues taking into consideration the environmental, economic, socio-cultural and physical aspects and provides a set of generic principles that guide the processes to bring about a lasting improvement in the historic center of Jaipur.
1
2 3 4 5
Exclusive organization of a more market oriented and problem solving administration
Preserving the valuable and unique built fabric of the walled city
Include people from all walks of life
Re-organization of water and sewerage lines
Redesigning Streets and Public Spaces
Support local democracy and encourage public participation
Enhancement of physical conditions, social welfare and adaptive reuse
Promote Identity
Neighborhoods
Reviving Urban Identity through Traditional Restructuring Land Use and Mobility 44
Compliment the plans for the economic, social, cultural and environmental growth of the city
Local
Crafts
and
Community
Strong need to re-organize the land use pattern, restructuring of infrastructural services and design of public goods
Reduce transit traffic, encourage use of cycles and public transport
Identify businesses that should be relocated outside the walled city
Promote walk-ability by providing adequate quality and accessibility of streets
Provide cycling tracks to encourage healthy and sustainable living
1 Reclaiming Public Space
2 Activating Streetscapes
3 Encouraging Neighborhood Culture
4 Creating Healthy Environments
5
Promoting Local Crafts & Traditions
45
09 CATCH RAIN WHERE IT FALLS Exploring the Ancient Water Wisdom of Jaipur, Rajasthan
Exhibition: Circular Water Stories (12-22 March 2019)
Location: TU Delft, Netherlands Tutor: Inge Bobbink The work is done within the LAB Circular Water Stories, one of the LABs within the graduate studio Flowscapes in the master track Landscape Architecture (2018/19) at the faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, TU Delft and will continue as part of the education and research (KIEM, research on Dutch projects) in the coming years. 46
Introduction: The idea to analyse traditional water systems is to generate knowledge and provide lessons for redesigning today’s technical driven water management systems into resilient, multifunctional public spaces. Context The purpose of this research is to study the place of water from a historical perspective and analyse the potential in the water cycle for the sustainable future of urban water management for the city of Jaipur. Although there are several other traditional practices which exist in the region of Rajasthan, this study focuses on the ones which exist in the urban realm of Jaipur, The main principle behind these indigenous practices is ‘rainwater harvesting’ and is deeply rooted in the social fabric.
There were 4 typologies presented, ranging from forts, stepwells and public wells located within the region, each with detailed spatial analysis and the values they continue to offer in maintaining the landscape, traditions, culture and ecology of the city .These practices are ecofriendlier, inexpensive, contextual and base their logic on following natural processes, encourage community participation and allow for more equitable distribution of development benefits. 1. 2.
Jaigarh Fort Water System Nahargarh Fort Water System
3. 4.
Stepwells of Amber Public Wells in the Walled City
47
10 DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR CHILD FRIENDLY ANGANWADIS
Anganwadis in Goa An Anganwadi is a government sponsored child and mother-care center in India. The word ’Anganwadi’ means ‘courtyard shelter’ in Hindi (Angan -
Creche
courtyard and wadi - shelter). Besides being a center for early-childhood development, an Anganwadi is also a State asset that helps consolidate many Child and Women development programs like Vaccination, Adolescent Health and Maternity. In Goa, there are approximately 1262 Anganwadi centers operating through 12 Child Development Project Office (CDPOs), 1 Director, 1 Assistant Director, 2 program officers, 60 supervisors, 1262 Anganwadi workers and 1262 Anganwadi helpers.
An Anganwadi caters to:
Toilet Activity Area Store Play Area Kitchen
Spaces in an Anganwadi:
Informal Education
Child Development
Activity Area
Supplementary Nutrition
Distribution of Supplementary Goods
Store
Crèche
Kitchen
Charles Correa Foundation (March - April 2016)
Research & Content: Nitesh Kumar, Anubhuti Chandna Layout & Graphics: Anubhuti Chandna, Krithika Samavedula, Sabika Zaidi This document was designed as an user-friendly guide in the process of designing Anganwadis in Goa. It was been prepared after construction of the prototype. Hence on-site inputs (from engineers, contractors, etc) have also been taken into consideration. Immunization and Health Checkups 48
Women’s Development
Toilets
Examination/ Room
Counseling
49
Prototype Options:
50
11 BUILDING CRAFTS OF GOA Research on Kaavi: Goa’s Sacred Art
Charles Correa Foundation (May - June 2016) Project Guide: Ms. Heta Pandit Research & Content: Anubhuti Chandna Layout & Graphics: Anubhuti Chandna, Krithika This research was conducted to create a project proposal for the Ministry of Art and Culture, Government of Goa for the restoration and conservation under the holistic project for Building Crafts of Goa, Kaavi being one of them. The intent was also to create awareness amongst the people towards their local heritage and its importance. 51
The research was initiated on mapping and documenting known and existing traditional building crafts that prevalent in Goa’s architectural heritage. Some art forms unique to Goa include not only commonly known ones such as Azulejos tiles, shell windows and Sgraffito but also rarer forms such as Kaavi and Frescoes. It commences with the documentation of Kaavi - a sacred art form that is in urgent need of awareness and restoration. Ms. Heta Pandit, a wellknown historian, author and activist with a keen interest in preserving Goa’s heritage, guided and collaborated with me on this project. A detailed documentation of 23 Temples and 4 Houses was done in 2 weeks. Kaavi is an architectural art form found in both temples and private homes across Goa, Karnataka and Maharashtra. It was used to define and demarcate sacred spaces and can often be seen rendered on walls, columns and ceilings. There has been some documentation of the art by researchers and historians but there have been marginal efforts at restoring these works of art.
Known Locations of Kaavi in Goa
Maharashtra
Houses Pernem
Bicholim Bardez Satari
Tiswadi Ponda
Current Situation
Mormugao
The art is present in small pockets in both, North and South districts in Goa. There has been some documentation of the art by researchers and restorers. However, there have only been marginal efforts at restoring these works of art. They can be dated back to late 15th century, in areas of later Portuguese conquests, which is why the temples have survived for all these years, without being demolished.
Temples
Sanguem
Salcete
Arabian sea
Technique Quepem
Cancona
Karnataka 52
12 STREETS AS CULTURAL SPACES
“Streets in India are not merely for commuting, but have many spatial roles to play”
Dissertation
Aayojan School of Archiecture, Jaipur (July- Dec 2013)
IX Semester: Dissertation Research Guide: Prof. Archana S. Rathore Individual Research 53
Streets, as Jane Jacobs reminds us, have always held a particular fascination for those interested in the city. They are the terrain of social encounters and political protest, sites of domination and resistance, places of pleasure and anxiety. This dissertation explores how streets as specific local landscapes, manifest broader social and cultural processes, establishing the strategic importance of the street to wider theoretical questions about the interplay between society and space. The study shows how streets can be viewed as both ‘representations of space’, the expansively constructed spaces of planners and architects, and ‘spaces of representation’, the spaces of everyday life of ‘inhabitants’ and ‘users’. Whether leisure practices happen alongside the street, on it, behind it or just off its main frontage, the street is a significant part of what is happening; the street informs, and its image is formed by, these practices.
Various Street Activities A Movement Corridor
An Amphitheater
A Communication Artifact
A Space for Recreation
A Place for Education
A Place for Political Agenda
An Institution
A Stage
For Street Dentistry
For Promoting Local Crafts
A Space for Informal Activities
For Festive Celebrations
For Non Festive Celebrations
A Reflection of History
For Religious Ceremonies
“Accessible to all, these spaces constitute public space in its purest form” If we can develop and design streets, so that they are wonderful, fulfilling places to be, community building places, attractive public places for all the people of cities and neighborhoods, then we have successfully designed 1/3rd of the city directly and will have an immense impact on the rest.
54
Building & Streets Elements Plinth and Steps
Urban Landscape
Extended Plinths
The plinth is raised by 1.5 m by giving steps which act as a place for social interaction.
Trees are necessary in a variety of ways to enhance the quality of livability. Also sitting spaces provided below trees, acts at a gathering place.
Plinths outside public and religious buildings are generally extended, as they serve mass crowd. These plinths act as built in furniture.
Plinths and Pavements With an extended plinth on one side and a paved on the other side of the carriageway, gives way to social and informal activities.
Street Corridors An extended plinth after the shops, forming a corridor, also functions as a place for recreation and playing cards.
Balcaos
Windows Windows opening directly on the street, help in keeping visibility and well as interaction.
This is the most important feature of the Goan house and resembles a porch and function as an outdoor living space with stone benches to sit down and catch the breeze while watching the world to go by. It suited the social pattern where persons of lower caste were entertained outside the house and placed on a seat or step as per their social standing. 55
Extended Plinths
Jharokhas
Gokhas
An extended platform outside a house or at the entrance gate of a pol/ khadki, acts both as an interactive space as well as used for small scale commerce.
Jharokha projecting on to the street, acts as a bay window and modifies the building envelope and helps in interaction.
A projection at the entrance, typically known as a gokha, is both used for social interaction and visual connectivity.
Bird Feeders
Three- way windows
Public Squares
Bird Feeders or typically known as a ‘Chabutaro�, is a stone or a wooden tower with artistic canopy over it, constructed to feed birds- is a salient feature of the abmience of any pol in the old city of Ahmadabad, also acting as a gathering space for the people.
A three way window functions in three ways, the opening at the bottom for cool air to enter, the middle one for visual contact and the opening above for hot air to escape.
Spaces around a common well or a tulsi plant, act as gathering spaces
Community Boards Community boards, located at the junctions or nodes of local streets, acts as a gathering space and also helps in case of community public announcements.
Riverfront Streets
Verandahs & Balconies
Benches
Enhancing the sidewalks along the riverfront which also supports informal activities.
Providing an open verandah space with railing or grill, opening into the street, maintains both safety and visual contact.
Benches on local streets and sidewalks, provides the users of the street a place to sit down n interact, especially for the older people.
56
13
Dwell 2015- ‘Design for Informality’
Lecture Series
PUBLIC FORUMS Organization of Lectures | Workshops | Conferences | Exhibitions | Informal Events
Buildings as Ideas- The Un-built work of Charles Correa Exhibition Charles Correa Foundation (July 2015- June 2016)
57
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: Profile: https://www.linkedin.com/in/anubhuti-chandna-b23985107/ Email: chandna.anubhuti@gmail.com Tel no.: +31 626 936 291 (Netherlands) +91 9636890809 (India) 58