1965 witnessed Singapore emerging from the political turmoil of the merger with Malaysia and entering a period of economic, social, and political uncertainty. The city-state’s future had then seemed bleak; there were no readily available means, like natural resources, to kickstart the development of the nation. However, the course of the next half century saw the national and human capital development process accelerating at a miraculous pace. A developed infrastructure, competent workforce and political stability made it possible for foreign direct investments to flow rapidly into Singapore. Jobs were created, raising the employment prospects of Singaporeans. Housing policies made home ownership possible, even for the lower-income groups.
Now a developed economy, Singapore is struggling to find new ways to sustain economic growth.
Singapore’s phenomenal economic progress is a source of pride for the country and the object of admiration by the international community. However, as the republic approaches its 50th year of independence, the road ahead is once again looking uncertain. Now a developed economy, Singapore is struggling to find new ways to sustain economic growth. Contemporary economic policies have produced some undesirable side effects, such as rising costs and high income inequality which poses a threat to upward social mobility. While the per capita GDP is high, the wages of the bottom three deciles of the income strata have risen only marginally in real terms over the last decade1. The social landscape is also transforming. Being one of the most globally-connected countries in the world, there is an unbridled inflow of ideas that have an impact on lifestyles, value systems, beliefs and expectations, particularly of the middle-class. Social media have made it possible for varying viewpoints to be expressed and discussions to ensue in just about every
1
Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong pointed this out during his speech at the Debate on The President’s Address, 20 OCTOBER 2011 AT PARLIAMENT.
domain, including politics and religion. These expressed views and discussions are accessible to an increasing number of users, particularly the young, and has proven to be capable of championing causes and dividing opinions. CONCERNS & HOPES FOR THE FUTURE Amid such profound economic and social changes, the Karyawan team spoke to Malay/Muslims of various backgrounds to find out what their concerns as well as hopes for the future are. Financial Issues Financial issues remain a major concern among the respondents that the team had approached for an interview, especially for those from the low- to middle-income categories. Lin, a single mother and homemaker whose household has no income and who is on full national assistance, is keen to work but has to care for her child whose mobility and independence is limited due to a medical condition which requires the latter to be attached to a medical apparatus. It needs routine maintenance every two hours. Lin wishes that there are more home-based work opportunities which would provide her with the flexibility to care for her child while still earning a stable income. Another respondent, Haszelinah, who works part-time as a banquet staff member and is actively looking for a full-time job, is struggling with housing issues. Having been registered as a flat’s occupier during her previous marriage, her second application for a Build-to-Order (BTO) flat is fraught with hurdles. She qualifies for only a small housing grant, thus needing to pay a relatively substantial amount in cash. Already beleaguered by various other financial difficulties, she fears that she may not be able to raise the amount required to purchase the BTO flat. With a monthly household income of $1,400, she hopes that housing will be made more affordable. AUGUST 2015
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