chapter
6
155
Directional Control Check Valves • Direct-Acting Check Valves • Pilot-Operated Check Valves • Directional Control Valves • Directional Control Valve Schematic Diagrams • Two-Position, Two-Way Directional Control Valves • Two-Position, Three-Way Directional Control Valves • Two-Position, Four-Way Directional Control Valves • Three-Position, Four-Way Directional Control Valves • Directional Control Valve Mounting Methods • Directional Control Valve Actuators • Spring Actuators • Pilot Pressure Actuators • Solenoid Actuators • Detent Actuators • Proportional Actuators • Logic Valves • AND Logic Valves • Shuttle Valves
Chapter Review. . . . . . . . . . . 183 Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
chapter
7
195
Flow Control Hydraulic Flow Control • Pressure Differential • Orifices • Flow Control Valves • Piston Speed • Metering Fluid Flow • Metering Single-Acting Cylinders • Metering Double-Acting Cylinders • Bleed-Off Systems • Flow Dividers • Spool-Type Flow Dividers • Rotary-Type Flow Dividers
Chapter Review. . . . . . . . . . . 217 Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
chapter
8
229
Hydraulic Actuators Hydraulic Cylinders • Ram Cylinders • Single-Acting Cylinders • Double-Acting Cylinders • Seals • Cylinder Mounting Methods • Hydraulic Motors • Motor Torque • Hydraulic Motor Types
Chapter Review. . . . . . . . . . . 251 Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 chapter
9
265
Pressure Control Direct-Acting Pressure Control Valves • Direct-Acting Relief Valves • Sequence Valves • Counterbalance Valves • Pressure-Reducing Valves • Unloading Valves • Remote-Controlled Sequence Valves • Remote-Controlled Counterbalance Valves • Brake Valves • Pilot-Operated Pressure Control Valves • Pilot-Operated Relief Valves • Pilot-Operated Pressure Reducing Valves • Other Pilot-Operated Pressure Control Valves
Chapter Review. . . . . . . . . . . 285 Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
chapter
10
297
Hydraulic Fluid Maintenance Contaminants • Sizing Contaminants • Contaminant Sources • Contaminant Effects • Contaminant Protection • Filter and Strainer Ratings • Hydraulic System Filtration • Hydraulic Fluid Cleanliness Ratings • Hydraulic System Heat • Hydraulic System Heat Generation • Heat Exchangers • Reservoirs • Hydraulic Fluid Storage • Breather/Filler Cap Assemblies • Hydraulic Fluid Cooling and Cleaning • Receiving Hydraulic Fluid from the System • Sending Hydraulic Fluid to the Pump • Other Reservoir Components
Chapter Review. . . . . . . . . . . 321 Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
chapter
11
335
Pneumatic System Fundamentals Basic Gas Physics • Volume • Absolute Pressure • Absolute Temperature • Boyle’s Law • Charles’s Law • Gay-Lussac’s Law • Combined Gas Law • Pneumatic Systems • Compressing Air • Airflow • Cfm Ratings
Chapter Review. . . . . . . . . . . 349 Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355