MATHS TEXTBOOK
1
ONWARD MATHS
ONWARD
The ONWARD MATHS series is developed to cover the learning outcomes of the latest Cambridge Primary curriculum framework comprehensively.
ONWARD MATHS builds a strong foundation of the subject through the use of well-researched and sound pedagogical principles. Adopting the popular Concrete Pictorial Abstract approach widely used in the Singapore mathematics curriculum, pupils are introduced to new concepts through concrete manipulatives and engaging pictorials before they are led to see their abstract symbolic representations. This allows pupils to have a deeper understanding of key mathematical concepts, thus motivating them to learn.
1 TEXTBOOK
Content is also clearly structured and spiralled across the levels to ensure a gradual build-up and review of skills as pupils progress up the grades. At the same time, emphasis is given on developing pupils’ problem-solving skills, critical thinking, as well as other 21st century skills.
ONWARD MATHS also develops pupils’ confidence for examinations. A wide variety of practice questions are provided at frequent and appropriate junctures. This ensures that there is immediate reinforcement of concepts and sufficient practice to enable pupils to attain mastery, thus laying a good foundation for their tests and examinations. Hawa Shahbal, Penny Sim • Katharine Edgar
ONWARD MATHS Grade 1 is comprised of the following components: • Textbook 1 • Workbook 1 • Teacher’s Guide 1 — Contains Scheme-of-Work, wraparound teachers’ notes forTextbook and answers for Workbook, with additional information and tips on conducting and delivering effective mathematics lessons • Additional worksheets for review and extension of learning are available online
ISBN
Empowering Minds • Improving Lives
G1TB Onward Maths Cover.indd 1
978-981-4437-69-1
9 7 89 8 14 43 7 6 9 1
ONWARD
MATHS Authors: Hawa Shahbal • Penny Sim Consultant: Katharine Edgar
1 TEXTBOOK
18/12/14 10:38 AM
Credits Chapter 1 — p.2: Csubick/ Dreamstime.com (Beach ball); Dr.alex/ Dreamstime.com (Bright orange isolated flower); Winbjork/ Dreamstime.com (3D building block); Jrtb/ Dreamstime.com (Toy shapes – pink heart); Fotofermer/ Dreamstime.com (Green leaf); Draghicich/ Dreamstime.com (Yellow toy duck); Svanhorn4245/ Dreamstime.com (Lime); Rcmathiraj/ Dreamstime.com (Sharpener); Gemenacom/ Dreamstime.com (Toy bear); Johnfoto/ Dreamstime.com (Orange); p.3: Woodhouse84/ Dreamstime.com (Plush toy clown); Pequliar/ Dreamstime.com (A retro toy car); p.4: Ypkim/ Dreamstime.com (Toy fish); Jlvdream/ Dreamstime.com (Green apple); Miflippo/ Dreamstime.com (Pink yo-yo); Newlight/ Dreamstime.com (Smiley ball); Mangroove/ Dreamstime.com (Toys: Teddy bear); Orla/ Dreamstime.com (Toy block); Piksel/ Dreamstime.com (Banana); Alexal/ Dreamstime.com (Cherry) Chapter 2 — p.7: Cristi180884/ Dreamstime.com (Toy car); Mybaitshop/ Dreamstime.com (Yellow toy car coupe); Lolik/ Dreamstime.com (Toy sports car); Davinci/ Dreamstime.com (Car); Psdphotography/ Dreamstime.com (Toy sports car); Costasz/ Dreamstime.com (Toy car); Restyler/ Dreamstime.com (Toy car); Pequliar/ Dreamstime.com (A retro toy car); Ankevanwyk/ Dreamstime.com (Elephant soft toy); Knostpix/ Dreamstime.com (Purple teddy bear); Julydfg/ Dreamstime. com (Rabbit toy); Ypkim/ Dreamstime.com (Toy fish); p.13: Cowardlion/ Dreamstime.com (A bunch of colour crayons); p.15: Mnruiz/ Dreamstime.com (Marbles) Chapter 3 — p.18: Rufous/ Dreamstime.com (Red toy car); Lkphotographers/ Dreamstime.com (Toy car); p.23: Cameramannz/ Dreamstime.com (Green apple); p.26: Piksel/ Dreamstime.com (Banana); Johnfoto/ Dreamstime.com (Orange) Chapter 4 — p.31: Twixx/ Dreamstime.com (Just a rock) Chapter 5 —p.34: Aaronamat/ Dreamstime.com (Nachos); Bradcalkins/ Dreamstime.com (Square frame); Timurd/ Dreamstime.com (Toilet symbol woman rectangle); p.35: Raphaelgunther/ Dreamstime.com (Resin button); Scyza/ Dreamstime.com (Isolated round cookie); p.37: Bble/ Dreamstime.com (Craft paper box); Boydaor/ Dreamstime.com (Rubik toy); p.38: Csubick/ Dreamstime.com (Beach ball); Zenpix/ Dreamstime.com (Birthday party hat); Windujedi/ Dreamstime.com (Tin can); p.39: Bradcalkins/ Dreamstime.com (Green ball); Koufax73/ Dreamstime.com (Tin); Mihalec/ Dreamstime.com (Playing dice); p.42: Defun/ Dreamstime.com (Wood door); Phiseksit/ Dreamstime.com (Pink sofa); Ambientideas/ Dreamstime.com (Monarch butterfly isolated on white) Chapter 6 — p.45 & p.47: Gdolgikh/ Dreamstime.com (Pizza); p.49: Wksp/ Dreamstime.com (Macaroon); p.50: Viki2win/ Dreamstime.com (Pinwheel) Chapter 7 — p.53: Gelpi/ Dreamstime.com (Red cap isolated); Ss1001/ Dreamstime.com (Cap); Irochka/ Dreamstime.com (Victory); p.54: Jurisam/ Dreamstime. com (Massage ball); Tungphoto/ Dreamstime.com (Sepak takraw ball); Egal/ Dreamstime.com (Colorful macaroons); Newlight/ Dreamstime.com (Bunch of plastic keys); Karnizz/ Dreamstime.com (Felt flower); Shariffc/ Dreamstime.com (Combination lock with sharpener isolated); Blackslide/ Dreamstime.com (Italian sandwich); Pzaxe/ Dreamstime.com (Multicolored plastic crayons button); p.57: Shariffc/ Dreamstime.com (Red hair clip macro isolated); p.58: Romaset/ Dreamstime.com (Toy helicopter); p.59: Photomaru/ Dreamstime.com (Bars of soap) Chapter 9 — p.68: Dvargfoto/ Dreamstime.com (Colourful paper airplanes) Chapter 11 — pp.87 – 96 : United States coin images from the United States Mint and United States dollar images from the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, U.S. Department of the Treasury; p.93: Pryzmat/ Dreamstime.com (Red sharpener) Chapter 12 — p.100: Goldfinch4ever/ Istockphoto.com (Bright red and green pencils); Chasbrutlag/ Dreamstime.com (Crayons); Photka/ Dreamstime.com (Colorful torn borders); p.101: Guitarinevilhands/ Dreamstime.com (Pencil); Popovaphoto/ Dreamstime.com (Notebook bag); Cardiae/ Dreamstime.com (A green paper clip); Ungorf/ Dreamstime.com (Pull the right rope); United States coin images from the United States Mint; p.104: Miflippo/ Dreamstime.com (A silver trash can on white); Sylverarts/ Dreamstime.com (Mineral water in plastic bottle); Hauntedtoys/ Dreamstime.com (Red pail); p.108: Rtimages/ Dreamstime. com (Blank clock face and hands) Chapter 13 — p.115: Natashabnb/ Dreamstime.com (Sandwich)
Published by Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd 745 Lorong 5 Toa Payoh, #03-07, Singapore 319455 enquiry@alstonpublishinghouse.com www.alstonpublishinghouse.com © 2014 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. First published 2014 Second impression 2015 ISBN 978-981-4437-69-1 Publisher: Sim Wee Chee Printed in Singapore
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ONWARD
MATHS Authors: Hawa Shahbal • Penny Sim Consultant: Katharine Edgar
1 TEXTBOOK
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Contents
Smarty
1
Numbers from 0 to 20
2
More about Numbers (I)
Numbers to 10
Comparing numbers Ordering numbers Even and Odd numbers Numbers to 100 Estimation
3
Addition and Subtraction (I)
Min
1 2
6 7 10 11 13 15
19 20
Subtracting numbers • Taking away • Counting back • Using number bonds
23 23 25
Number sentences
26
Rita
Tom
4
Movement Movement
29 30
5
Shapes and Solids
33
Shapes • Knowing shapes • Using shapes to make pictures
34 36
Solids 37 • Knowing solids • Using solids to make models 39
17 18
Making number bonds to 10 Adding numbers • Counting on • Using number bonds
G1 Prelims Onward Maths TB.indd 2
Ari
6
Making patterns Symmetry • Line of symmetry
40
Halves and Quarters
44
Finding halves and quarters of shapes • Halves of shapes • Quarters of shapes
45 47
Finding halves and quarters of small numbers • Halves of small numbers • Quarters of small numbers
49 50
42
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7
8 9
Doubling and Sharing 52 Doubles 53 Using doubles to add mentally 55 Sharing • Sharing into two 57 equal groups • Even and odd numbers 58
11 Money
Values of coins and notes Counting money • Reading and writing money • Writing cents as dollars • Writing dollars as cents Exchanging coins and notes Adding and subtracting money
86 87 90 91 92 95 97
Numbers to 100
61 Place value — Tens and ones 62
64
Comparing and ordering numbers 65 • Comparing numbers • Ordering numbers 68 • More than and less than 69 Number patterns • Counting on and back
71
Rounding numbers to the nearest ten
73
76
Addition • Simple addition • Addition with regrouping
77 79
Subtraction • Simple subtraction • Subtraction with regrouping
82 84
G1 Prelims Onward Maths TB.indd 3
Comparing lengths • Using describing words
More about Numbers (II)
and 10 Addition Subtraction (II)
12 Measurement
Estimating and measuring lengths Comparing masses • Using describing words
99 100 101 102
Estimating and 103 measuring masses Comparing capacities 104 • Using describing words • Comparing three containers 104 Estimating and measuring capacities Telling time Weeks and months • Days of the week • Months of the year
13 Handing data
Tables and pictogram
105 108 110 110
112 113
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About the Book The ONWARD MATHS series comprehensively covers the learning outcomes in the latest Cambridge Primary curriculum framework. Concepts and key skills within each chapter are developed in a structured and step-by-step manner following the popular Concrete Pictorial Abstract approach to help pupils gain a fi rm foundation in mathematics. Well-crafted questions and activities are infused throughout the package to allow pupils to reinforce concepts learnt and enable them to acquire key 21st century skills such as creativity, critical thinking and problemsolving skills.
About the Authors Hawa Shahbal has taught mathematics for 12 years to primary school pupils in Singapore. She was tasked to head the mathematics department in her school for 3 years, during which she oversaw the school’s mathematics programmes and reviewed textbooks for use in the local primary schools. Hawa holds a Postgraduate Diploma in Primary Education from the National Institute of Education, Singapore, and a Masters in Education degree from the University of New South Wales. Hawa is currently involved in a project studying pedagogical and assessment practices in primary and secondary schools in Singapore. Penny Sim has taught mathematics for 11 years to primary school pupils in Singapore. She was covering duties for the subject head of mathematics for 2 years in her school. Penny graduated with a degree majoring in Statistics, and a Postgraduate Diploma in Primary Education from the National Institute of Education, Singapore. She is currently working with an organisation to develop a mathematics curriculum framework for pre-school education.
About the General Editor Katharine Edgar has 19 years of experience teaching mathematics to pupils across the whole ability range. Her vast experience in both the teaching of the curriculum and assessment of pupils’ learning has led to an in-depth knowledge of the misconceptions that can be present in pupils’ understanding of basic mathematical concepts. Katharine holds a degree in pure mathematics and a PGCE in mathematics education, and held a senior leadership post of assistant head teacher for many years. Her expertise was recognised by an appointment in 2002 to the Qualifi cations and Curriculum Authority (QCA), where she was entrusted to work on the development of assessment for the English National Curriculum in both the areas of mathematics and English. From 2002 to 2009, Katharine held various high profi le roles within the QCA, in both the Assessment and Curriculum divisions. This included being a director of the National Assessment Agency, which is a subsidiary of QCA. As such, she is knowledgeable about the various primary curriculum reviews that have taken place in England in recent years, and is a strong supporter of the Cambridge approach in developing the Cambridge Primary Programme as a sound foundation on which to build secure mathematical knowledge and understanding. Katharine is currently an independent education consultant working with schools specialising in monitoring and quality assurance, and with the National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER) in England in the assessment of mathematics and English.
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Chap
1
te r
Numbers from 0 to 20
, five. r u o f , e e r h t One, two, ive. Once I caught a fish al
, ten. Six, seven, eight, nine Then I let it go again!
Learning Outcomes • Count, read and write numbers to 20
Do you know of any other number rhymes? What number can you count up to?
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Numbers to 10
2
We can write a number as a numeral or as a word.
1
one
2
two
3
three
4
four
5
five
6
six
7
seven
8
eight
9
nine
10
ten
ONWARD MATHS Grade 1
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Chap
On Your Own
te r
1
Count. How many are there?
1
(a) (b) 2
Write these numbers in numerals. (a) five
3
Write these numbers in words. (a) 3
(b) seven (b) 8 Workbook
1
Go to Worksh
eet 1
Numbers to 20 How many are there?
First, we make 10. Then we count on.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Ano Fasc ther inating Fact! doze wor d n old F . The w for the num renc ber 12 is a o h w rd dozen c omes from an ord that m eans a group of 12.
8
9
10
11
10
eleven
Look at the following. Can you count these?
10
11
12
Numbers from 0 to 20
G1C1 Onward Maths TB.indd 3
twelve 3
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10
10 11
12 13 thirteen
11
12
13
14
fourteen 10
10 11
12
13 14 15 fifteen
11
12
13
14 15
16 sixteen 10
10 11
12
13
14 15
16 17 seventeen 10
4
11
12
13
14 15
16
17 18 eighteen
11
12
16
17
10 11
12
13
14 15
16
17 18 19 nineteen
13
14 15
18 19 20 twenty
ONWARD MATHS Grade 1
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Chap
On Your Own
1
te r
1
How many are there? (a)
10 (b)
(c)
2
Write these numbers in numerals. (a) twelve
3
(b) eighteen
(c) twenty
Write these numbers in words. (a) 13
(b) 19 Workbook
1
Go to Worksh
eet 2
Numbers from 0 to 20
G1C1 Onward Maths TB.indd 5
5
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MATHS TEXTBOOK
1
ONWARD MATHS
ONWARD
The ONWARD MATHS series is developed to cover the learning outcomes of the latest Cambridge Primary curriculum framework comprehensively.
ONWARD MATHS builds a strong foundation of the subject through the use of well-researched and sound pedagogical principles. Adopting the popular Concrete Pictorial Abstract approach widely used in the Singapore mathematics curriculum, pupils are introduced to new concepts through concrete manipulatives and engaging pictorials before they are led to see their abstract symbolic representations. This allows pupils to have a deeper understanding of key mathematical concepts, thus motivating them to learn.
1 TEXTBOOK
Content is also clearly structured and spiralled across the levels to ensure a gradual build-up and review of skills as pupils progress up the grades. At the same time, emphasis is given on developing pupils’ problem-solving skills, critical thinking, as well as other 21st century skills.
ONWARD MATHS also develops pupils’ confidence for examinations. A wide variety of practice questions are provided at frequent and appropriate junctures. This ensures that there is immediate reinforcement of concepts and sufficient practice to enable pupils to attain mastery, thus laying a good foundation for their tests and examinations. Hawa Shahbal, Penny Sim • Katharine Edgar
ONWARD MATHS Grade 1 is comprised of the following components: • Textbook 1 • Workbook 1 • Teacher’s Guide 1 — Contains Scheme-of-Work, wraparound teachers’ notes forTextbook and answers for Workbook, with additional information and tips on conducting and delivering effective mathematics lessons • Additional worksheets for review and extension of learning are available online
ISBN
Empowering Minds • Improving Lives
G1TB Onward Maths Cover.indd 1
978-981-4437-69-1
9 7 89 8 14 43 7 6 9 1
ONWARD
MATHS Authors: Hawa Shahbal • Penny Sim Consultant: Katharine Edgar
1 TEXTBOOK
18/12/14 10:38 AM