Edited by David W. Nunez, DDS, MS
3251 Riverport Lane St. Louis, Missouri 63043
SPANISH TERMINOLOGY FOR THE DENTAL TEAM
ISBN: 978-0-323-06991-5
Copyright © 2011 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Previous edition copyrighted 2004 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Spanish terminology for the dental team = Terminología en español para el equipo dental/ edited by David W. Nunez. –2nd ed. p. ; cm. Other title: Terminología en español para el equipo dental Includes index. English and Spanish. ISBN 978-0-323-06991-5 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Dentistry–Dictionaries. 2. Spanish language–Dictionaries–English. 3. Spanish language–Conversation and phrase books (for medical personnel) I. Nunez, David W. II. Title: Terminología en español para el equipo dental. [DNLM: 1. Dentistry–Terminology–English. 2. Dentistry–Terminology–Spanish. WU 15 S735 2011] RK27.S67 2011 617.6’003–dc22 2010011970 Acquisitions Editor: John Dolan Managing Editor: Kristen Hebberd Associate Developmental Editor: Joslyn Dumas
Publishing Services Manager: Patricia Tannian Senior Project Manager: Sharon Corell Design Direction: Jessica Williams
Printed in the United States of America Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
B978-0-323-06991-5.00012-X, 00012
Reviewers Margaret J. Fehrenbach, RDH, MS First edition content provider Second edition reviewer Dental Hygiene Educational Consultant Dental Science Technical Writer Seattle,  Washington Betty Ladley Finkbeiner, CDA Emeritus, BS, MS First edition content provider Second edition reviewer Emeritus Faculty Washtenaw Community College Ann Arbor, Michigan Debi Gerger, RDH, MPH Second edition reviewer West Coast University Dental Hygiene Department Chair Anaheim, California Sherryl Ann Castle Harfst, RDH, BSDH, MS First edition content provider Second edition reviewer Adjunct Clinical Professor Department of Dental Ecology University of North Carolina School of Dentistry Chapel Hill, North Carolina President Castle Media Consultants, LLC Jackson, Mississippi Samuel Paul Nesbit, DDS, MS First edition content provider Clinical Associate Professor Diagnostic Sciences and General Dentistry University of North Carolina School of Dentistry Chapel Hill, North Carolina v
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Mohsen Taleghani, DMD Second edition content provider Professor and Chairman Department of General Dentistry Baylor College of Dentistry Texas A&M Health Science Center Dallas, Texas Raymond Zambito, DDS, MA, EdD, MBA, DSci(hc) First edition content provider Consultant, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Blue Cross Blue Shield of Georgia and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Tennessee Reviewer of General Dental Offices State of New York Aetna Managed Dental Plan Blue Bell, PennsyIvania
Reviewers
How to Use This Book Hispanic is a term used to identify people who speak the Spanish language and have Cuban, Central or South American, Mexican, or Puerto Rican backgrounds. The largest Hispanic populations in the United States reside in Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, New Mexico, New York, and Texas. Because it is not possible to detail every conceivable vocabulary preference, this book uses a universally accepted dialect. However, you will probably still encounter some Spanish words unique to your area.
ORGANIZATION This book is organized in three parts and follows a logical sequence of how a practitioner would interact with a patient from initial greeting to specialty appointments. The book addresses the use of the formal “you” (usted) in situations among adults, and the appropriate use of the informal “you” (tú) in situations in which adults are addressing children. In cases where two or more words or phrases are appropriate, each is separated by a slash (/). In this example, the word translator or interpreter can be used to complete the sentence: I need a (translator/interpreter)—wait a minute. Necesito un (traductor/intérprete)—espere un minuto. In cases where several words or phrases are appropriate, choices have been placed into boxes. These choices may pertain to more than one sentence in the section. In this example, any of the choices in the box may be correct. What is the relationship of the subscriber to you? (Box 2-1)
Box 2-1
People that may carry insurance for a dental patient • Husband • Wife • Father
• Mother • Self
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How to Use This Book
Box 11-12
Flossing Steps • Break off about a foot and a half of floss and wind most of it around one of your middle fingers. • Wind the remaining floss around the same finger of the opposite hand so that it will take up the floss as it becomes dirty. • After winding the floss, hold the floss tightly between your thumbs and forefingers. • Guide the floss between the contacts of your teeth using a gentle motion. • Curve the floss into a ‘C’ shape against one tooth and gently slide it into the space between the gum and the tooth. • Hold the floss tightly against the tooth and gently rub the side of the tooth with up-and-down motions. • Floss each tooth thoroughly with a clean section of floss. Throughout the text, boxes containing helpful information relating to a topic will appear for readers to reference. (Box 11-2)
RESOURCES We have included several resources that you may find helpful as you learn to communicate in Spanish. A companion website provides the English-to-Spanish translation of every phrase in the book. These phrases also are included as Mp3 files that you can download to your computer. From there, the files can be burned to a CD or transferred to your iPod for “on-the-go” use. In addition, Patient Education Handouts are included on the website. These handouts translate a variety of topics, such as simple prevention involving proper tooth brushing, general caries procedures, pediatric issues, and specialty orthodontic treatment, into Spanish to ensure a continuation of care from the office to the home and provide a concrete reference to help improve the comfort of the Spanish-speaking patient with the office and regular oral health care.View these resources at www.spanishtermdental.com. Inside the book, we have included helpful information about the use of accents, verbs, nouns, and adjectives within the Spanish
How to Use This Book
language. A pronunciation guide is also included. At the back of the book, an extensive English-to-Spanish glossary is provided for quick reference. The glossary is divided into categories, such as dental terms, numbers, and months of the year. An alphabetical Spanish-to-English listing of each of the vocabulary words and a list of informal expressions used in conversation are also provided.
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Contents Contenido
How to Use This Book, vii
PART I
ANATOMY, 1
Chapter 1
Oral Anatomy, 2 Dental and Oral Anatomic Terminology, 2
Chapter 2 Head and Neck Anatomy, 7 Anatomic Terminology of the Head and Neck, 7 Chapter 3
General Anatomy, 11 General Anatomic Terminology, 11
PART II
DENTAL TERMINOLOGY, 19
Chapter 4
Emergencies in the Dental Office, 20 Medical Emergencies, 20 Dental Emergencies, 23 Dental Trauma (Avulsed Tooth), 29
Chapter 5 Dental Examination/Patient Assessment and Treatment Planning, 31 The Dental Examination, 31 General Phrases, 31 Intraoral Assessment, 33 Discussion of Soft Tissue Findings, 36 Study Model Impressions, 37 Photographic Examination, 39 Evaluation of the Teeth and Restorations, 39 Restorative Examination, 39 Discussion of Findings, 41 Restorative Treatment Planning, 42 Discussion of Tooth-Related Findings, 43 x
Contents Contenido
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Patient Assessment and Treatment Planning, 44 Systemic Treatment Phase, 44 Acute Treatment Phase, 47 Disease Control Phase, 48 Definitive Treatment Phase, 49 Maintenance Treatment Phase, 50 Common Patient Questions and Responses, 52 Patient Responses, 53
Chapter 6
Dental Hygiene and Preventive Dentistry, 56 Preventive Dentistry, 56 Plaque, 59 Caries, 60 Periodontal Disease, 62 Attrition, 64 Abrasion, 65 Recession, 65 Oral Cancer, 66 Brushing, 69 Toothbrush Recommendations, 73 Flossing, 74 Floss Recommendations, 78 Floss Alternatives, 78 Flossing and Children, 79 Bad Breath, 80 What You Can Do About Bad Breath, 83 Tongue Scraping, 84 Fluoride, 85 Oral Habits, 86 Assessment of Oral Hygiene Habits, 87 Tobacco Use and Cessation, 90 Dental Hygiene, 92 Additions to Scaling, 95 Ultrasonic Scaling, 96 Postscaling Instructions, 97 Polishing the Teeth, 98 Periodic Maintenance, 101 Fluoride Treatment, 102 Desensitization, 104 Postappointment Discussion, 105
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Contents Contenido
Chapter 7
Operative Dentistry, 106 Specific Restoration: Amalgam, 108 Specific Restoration: Composite, 109
Chapter 8
Cosmetic Dentistry, 111 Tooth Whitening (Bleaching), 114 Bleaching In-Office, 115 Bleaching at Home, 115 Bleaching Side Effects, 116
Chapter 9
Prosthodontics, 118 Prosthodontic Examination, 118 Crowns, 120 Bridge (Fixed Partial Denture), 125 Preparation Appointment for Crowns/Bridges, 126 Seating Appointment for Crowns/Bridges, 128 Removable Partial Denture, 129 Preparation Appointment for Partial Denture, 130 Seating Appointment for Partial Denture, 130 Complete Dentures, 133 Preparation Appointment for Complete Denture, 134 Seating Appointment for Complete Denture, 135 Repair of Prosthodontic Appliances, 137 Denture/Partial Denture Care, 139 Implants, 141
Chapter 10
Dental Implants, 143 Implant Placement, 143 Implant Restoration, 146
Chapter 11
Oral Surgery, 147 Extractions and Oral Surgery, 147 Orthognathic Surgery, 149 Postoperative Care, 150
Chapter 12
Laser Surgery and Radiosurgery, 153 General, 153 Laser Surgery, 153 Radiosurgery, 154
Contents Contenido
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Chapter 13
Periodontics, 155 Periodontal Examination, 155 Discussion of Findings, 161 Periodontal Treatment Planning, 162
Chapter 14
Endodontics, 164 Endodontic Examination, 164 Discussion of Findings, 166 Endodontic Treatment Planning, 166 Endodontic Treatment, 167
Chapter 15
Pediatric Dentistry (Pedodontics), 169 Conversing with Children, 169 Conversing with Parents, 171 Teething, 173 Brushing and Children, 173 Caries, 175
Chapter 16
Orthodontics, 176 Orthodontic Examination, 176 Discussion of Findings, 177 Orthodontic Treatment Planning, 178 Orthodontic Treatment, 179 Oral Self-Care for Orthodontic Patients, 180
Chapter 17 Oral Pathology/Oral Medicine, 183 Medical-Dental Connection and Cancer Treatment, 183 Medical-Dental Connection and Xerostomia (Dry Mouth), 184 Medical-Dental Connection and Diabetes, 185 Medical-Dental Connection and Systemic Disease, 186 Bacterial Endocarditis, 187 Medical-Dental Connection and Women’s Oral Health, 190 Chapter 18
Oral Radiology, 192 Radiographic Procedures, 193 Discussion of Radiographic Findings, 197
Chapter 19
Consultation and Referral, 199
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Contents Contenido
PART III MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY, 201 Chapter 20
Review of Medical History, 202 Taking a Patient History, 202 Dental History, 202 Treatment Goals, 205 Medical History, 206 Medications and Allergies, 208 Vital Signs, 208 Temperature, 210 Pulse, 210 Respiration, 211 Blood Pressure, 212 Extraoral Assessment, 214 Discussion of Extraoral Findings, 218 Overall Health Discussion, 219
Chapter 21
Medications and Pharmacy, 221 Medications and Allergies, 221 Infections, 222 Pain, 223
Chapter 22
Diet and Nutrition, 225 Dental Disease and Diet, 225 Children and Diet, 227
PART IV OFFICE ADMINISTRATION AND GENERAL COMMUNICATION, 228 Chapter 23
Addressing the Patient with Courtesy, 229 Greeting the Patient, 229 Understanding the Patient, 230 Positioning the Patient, 231 Bidding Farewell, 234
Chapter 24 HIPAA and Informed Consent, 235 HIPAA and the Health and Medical History Forms, 235 Informed Consent, 237
Contents Contenido
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Chapter 25
Fees, Billing, and Insurance, 240 Discussing Fees and Dental Insurance, 240
Chapter 26
Scheduling a Patient, 242 Making Appointments, 242 Appointment Recommendations, 243 Making Referrals, 244 Office Hours, 246
Chapter 27
Hispanic Heritage and Culture, 247 Family Values and Establishing Rapport, 247 Dietary Habits, 251
Appendix A Accents and Pronunciations, 254 Appendix B Gender of Nouns, 263 Appendix C Adjectives, Pronouns, and Verbs, 269 Glossary, 289 Spanish-English Vocabulary, 316 Informal Expressions, 340