Implementing sociocultural approach in teaching english as a second language in pakistan challenges

Page 8

Journal of Education and Practice ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.4, No.9, 2013

www.iiste.org

Journal, 2(1), 23-44. Mahn, V-J, Steiner., & Holbrook. (1996).Sociocultural approaches to learning and development: A Vygotskian framework. University of New Maxico: Lawrencce Erlbaum Associates, Inc., 191-206. Maybin, J., Mercer, N., & Steirer, B. (1992). ‘Scaffolding’ learning in the classroom. In K. Norman (Ed.), Thinking voices: The work of the National Curriculum Project. London: Hodder and Stoughton for the National Curriculum Council, London. Malik, F. J. (1996). Teaching of English in Pakistan: A study in teacher education. Lahore: Lahore Vanguard. Putman, W. (2011). A sociocultural approach to ESL for adult learners. All Graduate Reports and Creative Projects. Paper 12. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/gradreports/12 Ratner, C. (1991). Vygotsky's sociohistorical psuchology and its contemporary implications. New York: Plenum. Richard, J. C. & Rodgers, T. S. (2001). Approaches and methods in language teaching (2nd ed). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Stuyf, R. R. V. (2002). Scaffolding as a teaching strategy. Adolescent Learning and Development, Fall. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. (75). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Wells, G. (2000). Dialogic inquiry in education: Building on the legacy of Vygotsky. In Carol D. Lee and Peter Smagorinsky (eds.), Vygotskian perspectives on literacy research: constructing meaning through collaborative inquiry (51-58). New York: Cambridge University Press. Wierzbicka, A. (2006). English: Meaning and culture. New York: Oxford University Press. Walqui, A. (2006). Scaffolding instruction for English language learners: A conceptual Famework. The international Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism , 9 (2), 159-178. Zuenger, J. & Miller, E.R. (2006). Cognitive and sociocultural perpectives: Two parallel SLA worlds.TESOL Quarterly, 40 (1), 35-38.

Table 1 Scores of Learners in Pre-Test Speaking Skill Activities Male & Female Learners’ Performance Assessment Rubric

Total No. of Learners 30

2

3

4

percentage

Task Completion

8

9

10

2

1

Comprehensibility

6

9

10

3

Fluency

10

9

9

Pronunciation

5

8

Vocabulary

7

Language Control

8

Overall Percentage

0

1

2

3

4

percentage

1

30.8%

10

10

7

2

1

28.3%

1

34.2%

9

9

6

4

2

34.2%

3

0

27.5%

10

10

8

2

0

25%

7

5

3

41.7%

8

8

9

3

2

35.8%

8

6

4

3

36.7%

9

10

6

4

1

31.7%

8

6

5

3

39.2%

8

8

8

5

1

35.8%

0

1

2

3

4

Percentage

0

32%

9

10

7

3

1

2

38.3%

8

10

6

5

2

0

27.5%

10

10

7

9

5

3

44.2%

6

9

9

7

6

1

37.5%

9

9

6

5

2

36.7%

8

Picture Description

Group Discussion

36%

35%

114

Dialogue Presentation

31.8%


Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.