Contents Abstract
3
1 Introduction
4
2 Literature Review
5
2.1
Approaches to Artificial Intelligence
5
2.2
Computer Chess and Human Cognition
5
3 Computer Chess Techniques
7
3.1
Board Representations
7
3.2
Evaluation
8
3.3
Tree Traversing and Minimax
9
3.4
Learning Methods
4 Implementation of Chess0
12 14
4.1
Application Design and Purpose
14
4.2
Common Techniques
16
4.2.1
Negamax
16
4.2.2
Alpha-Beta Pruning
18
4.2.3
The Heuristic Function
20
4.3
Improvements to the Dynamic AI Engine
24
4.3.1
Randomization
24
4.3.2
Dynamic Heuristics
26
4.3.3
Quiescence Search and the Horizon Effect
31
5 Results
36
5.1
Randomization Tests
36
5.2
Dynamic Heuristics Tests
39
5.3
Quiescence Search Tests
44
6 Discussion
49
6.1
Achievements
49
6.2
Application Fields
51
7 Conclusions
52
References
53