Portfolio [Thesis-2020]
Type Residential Building Year 2020 Location Alang, Bhavnagar, Gujarat
Abode for Alang Ship-Breaking Labourers
There is an Attempt to focus on Alang ship-breaking labourers’ living condition and try to improve it with an architectural intervention. In this design thesis, As a Process - Identification of their daily needs & their living characteristic is done and then the Design proposal is made. It also necessary to incorporate factors such as affordability and low-cost in design and construction so, in design solution prefabrication is used with a contemporary concept of Mumbai’s chawl housing. Structure is made up from prefabricated pre-finished building construction technique with sustainable aspects to achieve affordability and environment friendly design.
from Gujarat) are provided employment indirectly in allied industries.
There are many activities and industries which are directly or indirectly depend on ship-breaking industry such as re-rolling mills, foundries, oxygen plants, local scrap stores, transportations and other small local business. Total number of people directly and indirectly employed by this ship-breaking activity is estimated between 1.5-1.6 lakhs.
There are 186 shipbreaking plots and each plot employs 250-300 workers; adding up, this industry provides huge employment opportunity for around thousandslaboursdisorganised40,000-50,000migrantdirectlyandmore(mostly
Bengal, where labours are desperate for jobs in the ship-breaking yard. Profit margins in the ship-breaking industry are huge and contractors make unbelievable profits; however, the costs to labours’ health and the environment are alarming.
Uttar38%Pradesh Bihar10%JarkhandOrissa25%24% MigrationGujarat3% of Labourers from Different States
On an average, there is almost one ship breaks a day in Alang-Sosiya and producing 3 million metric tonnes of scrap metal each year. Annual revenue of Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB) is 70 crore rupees from this ship-breaking yard and the annual turnover of the industry is around 6,000 crore rupees.
Labourers are Lifting a very heavy Part of Metal Scrap
Thousands of labours migrate to Alang-Sosiya from different parts of the country, especially from Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West
Ship-Breaking Plots at Alang-Sosiya Ship-Breaking Yard
Ship is being Broken in Large Parts
04 Total Population : 8,309 Males : 4,332 Females : 3,977 Annual Rainfall : 558 mm Climate : Warm and Humid Average Winter Temperature : 15°-35° Average Summer Temperature : 25°-45° Average speed of wind : 50 Mt/sec Wind Direction During April to September : South-West & West Wind Direction During October to March : North-West & North-East 21.3996° N, 72.1740°Ship-BreakingE Plots Labourers Kholies Scrap Selling Khadas Fire GMBStationOffice Red Cross Hospital Labourer Training Institute Proposed Site for Labourers Colony
Duplex Kholi
Playing With Cards
GMB has set up 12 stand posts for baths and 6 public toilets which are lake of water and not cleaned regularly; these are seriously inadequate for 40,000 labourers, so labourers have to defecate in the open. Only few rented houses have some good toilet facility.
Water is serious problem and labourers either have to purchase from nearby villagers or shipbreaking plots or tanks outside ship-breaking plots built by GMB which are not maintained and pose a serious health risk.
Kholi Made-up from Scrap
Daily Activities Around Kholis
Gathering and Sitting
Many of them are living without electricity, only few purchase electricity from nearby shopkeepers.
Rented Kholies
Internal Use of Kholies
Labourers Existing Living Condition
Labourers Kholis
Drying Clothes Under Tree
There is not enough amenities such as drinking water, drainage, toiletbaths and electricity.
Almost all labourers live in small shanty (locally known as Kholi) built by them from wood and iron sheets or plastics, adjacent to the ship-breaking plots and are in continuous exposure to various toxic substances round the clock, which is shared between 2-3 labourers. Average cost of making a small kholi of around 7-8 Sq Mt is almost 35,000/- Rupees. Others live in rented Kholis which monthly rent is around 1400/- Rupees.
Washing of Clothes
Open Drain
Only
Considering these factors, I’ve divided this 10Km wide stretch into 5 parts of around 2Km. Each part has specific site in the neighbourhood to shelter the labourers who are working on that part, which reduces the travel distance to 1-1.5 Km.
Project Program and Requirement
Site Selection
SiteArea72°09’52.1”E21°23’10.9”NA:21.11ha.
Ship-breaking plots are spread 10Km wide along the seashore and it is also difficult to accommodate all 35,000 labourers at one site due to unavailability of the huge land-parcel.
In this thesis-project Site-A is taken for design and development which can be repeated to other remaining sites.
Majority of unmarried live in spontaneous houses whereas married preferred to live in rented houses but rent is not affordable for them, also most of them own some piece of agriculture land or property at their native places; therefore to look after the land and taking care of aged members, females are said to stay in the home town. 2% labourers are staying with their families.
71% labourers are married and remaining 29% are unmarried.
Site-A Ship-Breaking plots covered by Site-A : 40 Total Labourers = 40 x 250 = 10,000 + 3,000 (30% extra) = 13,000 Bachelors - 88% Total : 11,440 Existing Dormitories - 1008 Beds for Labourers who are taking training at Training Institute Twin Sharing and FourDwellingsSharing 1 RoomDwellingsKitchenRecreational Space, Religious Space, Playing CommunityArea,ActivitySpace Recreational Space, Religious Space, Playing CommunityArea,ActivitySpace,Aanganwadi Families - 12% Total : 1,560
TransportationEducationalCommercialWasteAgricultureResidentialIndustrialLand River / Natural Drain Site-A Part-A Part-B Part-C Part-E Site-B Site-C Site-E Part-D Site-D
Bachelor’s Dwelling Units Sleeping Space Dinning / Sitting SpaceCooking Space Stage: I - Space Required in Single Dwelling Stage: I - Accumulation of Spaces Twin Sharing Dwelling Common Toilet UnitFour Sharing Dwelling 75mm thk. Fibre reinforced Aerated Cement Concrete Pre-cast Wall Aluminium Shutter Door with Aluminium Frame Jali Wall Made up from 40x40 mm M.S. Box Hollow Section 6mm thk M.S. Plate Chajja Supported With 12mm dia. Pipe 10mm thk. Epoxy Coated with Corten Steel Texture Painted M.S. Hollow Box Section Size Used : 150 x 150; 150 x 300; 300 x Glass-Aluminium300 Shutter Slider Window with Aluminium Frame and Adjustable Louvres on Upper Side for Air Circulation
08ThesisLabourersShip-BreakingAlangforAbodeFamily’s Dwelling Units Stage: I - Space Required in Single Dwelling Stage: II - Accumulation of Spaces Dwelling - A Multi-purpose Space 2400mm x 2400mm Utility Space Cooking Space Dwelling - B 12mm thk Fibre Cement Floor Board Above 100x50 mm M.S. Hollow Box Rafters and 50x25 mm M.S. Hollow Box Cross Bracing 600 x 600 mm Vitrified Tiles Flooring
Four Sharing Unit
Bachelor’s Building Block Evolution
B Common
Ground Floor Fifth Floor Sixth Floor First Floor Third Floor Second Floor Forth Floor
Stage:
There is hierarchy of spaces. Long liner 1.2 Mt wide corridor throughout all dwelling units. Between two dwelling, there is some common space like otta for sitting and for recreation a community space is on each floor.
Floor PlateToilet
Stage:
- A Alternate
Common Seating Space like Otta
III - Stacking of Modules
UnitFour Sharing Unit
VI - Final Building BlockBalconyCorridor
Twin Sharing Unit
Common Toilet Unit
Floor Plate - B
V - Two Different Floor Plates Generate from the whole process
Stage:
Stage:
Stage:
II - Interlocking of Units
Staircase and Lift Block
I - Massing of Units
Twin Sharing Unit Alternate - A
IV - Accumulation of Modules with Staircase, lift and Toilets
Stage:
10ThesisLabourersShip-BreakingAlangforAbodeSection GroundBachelor’sBuildingBlockFirstSecondThirdForthFifthSixthRoof
Common
Staircase and Lift Block Seating Space like
II - Interlocking of Units Stage: IV - Accumulation of Modules with Staircase, lift and Toilets Stage: V - Two Different Floor Plates Generate from the whole process Stage: III
Family’s Building Block Evolution
Otta
Stage: VI - Final Building Block Dwelling - A Dwelling - B Alternate - A Alternate - B Floor Plate - A Floor Plate - B
DwellingDwellingCorridorBalcony-A-B
There is hierarchy of spaces. Long liner 1.2 Mt wide corridor throughout all dwelling units. Between two dwelling, there is some common space like otta for sitting and for recreation a community space is on each floor.
Ground Floor Fifth Floor Sixth Floor First Floor ThirdSecondFloorFloorForthFloor Stage: I - Massing of Units
Stage: - Stacking of Modules
ThesisLabourersShip-BreakingAlangforAbode12Section GroundFamily’sBuildingBlockFirstSecondThirdForthFifthSixthRoof
75mm Thk. P.C.C.
Square Hollow Box Section Connector
15 mm Thk. Base Plate
M.S. Circular Hollow Box Section
Connector - End Cap
75 mm Thk. Fiber Reinforced Aerated Cement Concrete Precast Wall
150 mm Dia M.S. Square Hollow Box Section
Window and Chajja Fixing Detail
Precast Concrete Footing
Base Plate Fixing Skrew
Circular Box Hollow Section Connector With Thread
Square Hollow Box Section Section
Door Fixing Detail
75 mm x 50 mm Channel section of 3 mmThk.
12 mm Thk Fiber Cement Floor Board 100 x 50 mm Batten 50 x 25 mm Bracing
75HoldfastmmDia.
Column Fixing DetailWall Section
75 150 150 150 1975 2500 170015001100700300
Square Hollow Box Section
Connector With Thread
600 x 600 mm Vitrified Tiles
CircularConnectorBoxHollow
Simplified Geometrical Pre-fabricatedPre-finish Unit Modules Construction and Assembling Process
Tie at Plinth Level Base Plate for Twin Column
ThesisLabourersShip-BreakingAlangforAbode14
Tie
Base Plate for Single Column Between Columns
of
ConnectedCOPWaterandUndergroundExistingOverheadTankforFamilywith Road to give direct access to NetworkExistingAanganwadiTower COP for Bachelors Directly Connected to Training Institute Negative Space Used for Rain Water Harvesting External Road Internal Road Existing Road Existing LabourersDormitoryTraining Institute
Family Bacholers
Hierarchy of Open Spaces; A Courtyard in the Building and A Common Open Space Between Two Buildings Which is Connected to the Large Open Space
Only Central Open Space
of Building Clusters
Process Site Development
Formulation
Aanganwadi
Temple
Religious SpaceCommunity Centre
Enclosed Common Open Space Between Custer
12Mt. Wide Primary Road
C.O.P. for Bachelors
Shadow Analysis 21st June, 10 AM 21st December, 10 AM 21st December, 12 PM 21st December, 2 PM 21st December, 4 PM 21st June, 12 PM 21st June, 2 PM 21st June, 4 PM
Junction of Primary and Secondary Road
7 Mt. Wide Secondary Road
Entry of Building Block
Aanganwadi Play Area Bachelorsfor Temple for forCommunityFamilyCentreFamily 12Mt.WideRoad 24Mt.WideRoad 24Mt.WideRoad 18 Mt. Wide Road 7 Mt. Wide Road7EntryMt.Wide Road 7 Mt. Wide Road 7 Mt. Wide Road 7 Mt. Wide Road Community Centre for Family Rain HarvestingWater Plant PlayChildrenArea TempleBachelorsfor Site Development
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