Understanding The Establishment Clause
d. The first part of the Establishment Clause reads: “Congress shall pass no law respecting an establishment of religion.” e. All the statements above are correct. 4. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? a. All states in America disestablished religion by 1833. b. In the 1940s, the Supreme Court held that disestablishment applies to state governments based on the Fourteenth Amendment. c. The American government has the authority to compel attendance or financial support of a religious institution. d. The federal government cannot interfere with a religious organization’s choice of clergy or religious doctrine. e. All the statements above are correct. 5. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? a. The government has the right to extend benefits to religious entities and not others without adequate secular justification. b. In 1971, the Supreme Court surveyed its earlier Establishment Clause cases and found three factors that show whether a government practice violates the Establishment Clause. c. Using the “Lemon test,” Supreme the Court often decides Establishment Clause cases without referring to it. d. The Supreme Court Justices have not overruled the Lemon test, and the lower courts still are obliged to use it. e. All the above statements are correct. 6. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? a. Under the Establishment Clause, the government must be neutral between religious and non-religious institutions that supply education or other social services. b. Under the Establishment Clause no taxpayer funds should go to religious institutions if they might be used to communicate religious doctrine. c. In the case, Everson v. Board of Education (1947), students who attend private religious elementary and secondary schools were allowed to receive transportation and textbook subsidies. d. In the case, Board of Education v. Allen (1968), for about fifteen years, the Supreme Court attempted to draw increasingly sharp lines against the use of tax-funded assistance for the religious aspects of education. e. All the above statements are correct. 7. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? a. In the case Aguilar v. Felton (1985), the Supreme Court prohibited public school teaching specialists from going on the premises of religious schools to provide remedial assistance. b. In the case, Zelman v. Simmons-Harris (2002), the Supreme Court upheld programs that provide aid to educational or social programs on a neutral basis. Academic Initiatives for Biblical Literacy in Secondary Education
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