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Advertorial: SkinCeuticals Antioxidants
SkinCeuticals Advanced Topical Antioxidants
Discover the benefits of SkinCeuticals antioxidant formulations and new testing against atmospheric aggressors
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An antioxidant is the cornerstone of any topical skincare regimen to improve skin health and quality. With over 30 years of research, four generations of antioxidant breakthroughs and more than 20 peer-reviewed studies, SkinCeuticals provides advanced, clinically proven, synergistic formulations of potent Vitamin C.
Setting the standard in efficacy Only the SkinCeuticals Vitamin C antioxidants meet the strict Duke University formulation parameters essential to deliver enhanced absorption and proven efficacy: 1 • Pure l-ascorbic acid: topically delivered l-ascorbic acid has been shown to increase vitamin C levels in skin • High concentrations of pure l-ascorbic acid: 10-20% concentration provides meaningful levels of vitamin C in skin • Formulated at an acidic pH below 3.5 for optimal delivery in skin
Ultimate protection and visible benefits C E Ferulic, Phloretin CF and Phloretin CF gel provide 8x the skin’s natural environmental protection. 1 Daily use of C E Ferulic or Phloretin CF is strongly recommended because these have been proven to neutralise free radical damage from environmental aggressors such as UV, infrared radiation-A and Ozone (O 3 ) pollution. Importantly, these products also offer visible, proven benefits on key anti-ageing markers, delivering high patient satisfaction.
New testing: C E Ferulic & the effects of atmospheric aggressors Traditionally, the effects of atmospheric aggressors on the skin have been tested individually. In a first for SkinCeuticals, a new study exposed skin explants to varying combinations of ultraviolet light (UV), 2 Ozone (O 3 ) and diesel engine exhaust (DEE) that our skin would experience in a typical, urban environment. By combining the top three atmospheric aggressors, SkinCeuticals has created a clinical environment that mirrors the conditions our skin goes through every day in an urban environment. Topical treatment with C E Ferulic was shown to effectively prevent oxidative damage, inflammation, and skin protein damage induced by combined aggressor exposure.
Renowned Harley Street dermatologist Dr Ariel Haus
Before
After
Before and after C E FERULIC showing reduction in coarse wrinkles, improved skin firmness, and a brightened complexion. Protocol: 16-week clinical study conducted on 50 Caucasian male and female subjects ages 40–60 years old (USA, 2013).
@aestheticsgroup @aestheticsjournaluk Aesthetics aestheticsjournal.com CONTROL UV UV + O 3 UV + DEE UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + UV C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 C E FERULIC + UV + DEE C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + CONTROL 4HNE EXPRESSION 0 0.4 C E FERULIC Helped to reduce 4HNE activation by 41% from the combination of all 3 aggressorss Exposure to aggressors can cause an increase in 4HNE, a biomarker of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. 4HNE expression increased by 70% 24-hours after skin was exposed to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. 2 2 C E FERULIC HELPS PREVENT INFLAMMATION INDUCED BY COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE - NFkB C E FERULIC HELPS PREVENT SKIN PROTEIN DAMAGE INDUCED BY COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE - FILAGGRIN SKINCEUTICALS C E FERULIC HELPS REDUCE MARKERS OF DAMAGE INDUCED BY A COMBINATION OF ATMOSPHERIC AGGRESSORS NEW DISCOVERY CONTROL UV UV + O 3 UV + DEE UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + UV C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 C E FERULIC + UV + DEE C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + CONTROL 4HNE EXPRESSION 0 0.4 C E FERULIC Helped to reduce 4HNE activation by 41% from the combination of all 3 aggressorss Exposure to aggressors can cause an increase in 4HNE, a biomarker of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. 4HNE expression increased by 70% 24-hours after skin was exposed to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. 2 2 C E FERULIC HELPS PREVENT INFLAMMATION INDUCED BY COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE - NFkB C E FERULIC HELPS PREVENT SKIN PROTEIN DAMAGE INDUCED BY COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE - FILAGGRIN SKINCEUTICALS C E FERULIC HELPS REDUCE MARKERS OF DAMAGE INDUCED BY A COMBINATION OF ATMOSPHERIC AGGRESSORS NEW DISCOVERY CONTROL UV UV + O 3 UV + DEE UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + UV C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 C E FERULIC + UV + DEE C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + CONTROL 4HNE EXPRESSION 0 0.4 C E FERULIC Helped to reduce 4HNE activation by 41% from the combination of all 3 aggressorss Exposure to aggressors can cause an increase in 4HNE, a biomarker of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. 4HNE expression increased by 70% 24-hours after skin was exposed to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. 2 2 C E FERULIC HELPS PREVENT INFLAMMATION INDUCED BY COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE - NFkB C E FERULIC HELPS PREVENT SKIN PROTEIN DAMAGE INDUCED BY COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE - FILAGGRIN SCIENTIFIC AND CLINICAL VALIDATION SKINCEUTICALS C E FERULIC HELPS REDUCE MARKERS OF DAMAGE INDUCED BY A COMBINATION OF ATMOSPHERIC AGGRESSORS NEW DISCOVERY New Proof: C E Ferulic helps prevent oxidative damage induced by combined aggressor exposure In order to understand the benefits of C E Ferulic to help protect against oxidative damage, skin explants were exposed to UV, Ozone and DEE. The increase of 4HNE, a classic biomarker of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, was measured to identify to the oxidative damage this caused in the skin. In skin untreated with C E Ferulic, 4HNE expression increased by 70%, 24-hours after the skin was exposed to the combination of all three aggressors. The application of C E Ferulic prior to the skin’s four-day exposure to UV, Ozone and DEE reduced 4HNE activation by 41% across all skin types tested. 3 Advertorial SkinCeuticals
COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE The oxidative pathway 4HNE was activated when skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust, which can be seen by the increase in fluorescence C E FERULIC + COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE When skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust, C E Ferulic helped reduce 4HNE activation, which can be seen by the lack of fluorescence CONTROL Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05 CONTROL UV UV + O 3 UV + DEE UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + UV C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 C E FERULIC + UV + DEE C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + CONTROL NF k B EXPRESSION 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 CONTROL FILAGGRIN EXPRESSION 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 C E FERULIC Helped to reduce NFkB activation by 47% from the combination of all 3 aggressors C E FERULIC Helped counteract 55% of filaggrin degradation from the combination of all 3 aggressors Exposure to aggressors can cause an increase in NFkB, a biomarker of skin inflammation. NFkB expression increased by 97% 24-hours after skin was exposed to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. Exposure to aggressors can cause a decrease in filaggrin, a protein essential for skin barrier function. Filaggrin expression decreased by 73% 24-hours after exposure to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. 2 C E FERULIC HELPS PREVENT SKIN PROTEIN DAMAGE INDUCED BY COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE - FILAGGRIN SCIENTIFIC AND CLINICAL VALIDATION COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE The oxidative pathway 4HNE was activated when skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust, which can be seen by the increase in fluorescence C E FERULIC + COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE When skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust, C E Ferulic helped reduce 4HNE activation, which can be seen by the lack of fluorescence CONTROL Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05 CONTROL UV UV + O 3 UV + DEE UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + UV C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 C E FERULIC + UV + DEE C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + CONTROL NF k B EXPRESSION 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 CONTROL C E FERULIC CONTROL FILAGGRIN EXPRESSION 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 C E FERULIC Helped to reduce NFkB activation by 47% from the combination of all 3 aggressors C E FERULIC Helped counteract 55% of filaggrin degradation from the combination of all 3 aggressors Exposure to aggressors can cause an increase in NFkB, a biomarker of skin inflammation. NFkB expression increased by 97% 24-hours after skin was exposed to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. Exposure to aggressors can cause a decrease in filaggrin, a protein essential for skin barrier function. Filaggrin expression decreased by 73% 24-hours after exposure to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. 2 C E FERULIC HELPS PREVENT SKIN PROTEIN DAMAGE INDUCED BY COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE - FILAGGRIN SCIENTIFIC AND CLINICAL VALIDATION COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE The oxidative pathway 4HNE was activated when skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust, which can be seen by the increase in fluorescence C E FERULIC + COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE When skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust, C E Ferulic helped reduce 4HNE activation, which can be seen by the lack of fluorescence CONTROL Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05 CONTROL UV UV + O 3 UV + DEE UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + UV C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 C E FERULIC + UV + DEE C E FERULIC + UV + O 3 + DEE C E FERULIC + CONTROL NF k B EXPRESSION 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 CONTROL FILAGGRIN EXPRESSION 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 C E FERULIC Helped to reduce NFkB activation by 47% from the combination of all 3 aggressors C E FERULIC Helped counteract 55% of filaggrin degradation from the combination of all 3 aggressors Exposure to aggressors can cause an increase in NFkB, a biomarker of skin inflammation. NFkB expression increased by 97% 24-hours after skin was exposed to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. Exposure to aggressors can cause a decrease in filaggrin, a protein essential for skin barrier function. Filaggrin expression decreased by 73% 24-hours after exposure to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. 2 2 C E FERULIC HELPS PREVENT SKIN PROTEIN DAMAGE INDUCED BY COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE - FILAGGRIN SCIENTIFIC AND CLINICAL VALIDATION COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE The oxidative pathway 4HNE was activated when skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust, which can be seen by the increase in fluorescence C E FERULIC + COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE When skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust, C E Ferulic helped reduce 4HNE activation, which can be seen by the lack of fluorescence CONTROL New Proof: C E Ferulic helps prevent inflammation induced by combined aggressor exposure In order to understand the benefits of C E Ferulic to help protect against inflammation caused by environmental exposure, NFkB, a biomarker of skin inflammation was measured. In skin untreated with C E Ferulic, NFkB expression increased by 97%, 24-hours after the skin was exposed to the combination of all three aggressors. The application of C E Ferulic acid prior to the skin’s four-day exposure to UV, Ozone and DEE helped reduce NFkB activation by 47% across all skin types tested. 3 C E FERULIC Helped to reduce 4HNE activation by 41% from the combination of all 3 aggressors *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05
COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE The inflammatory pathway NFkB was activated (stained green) C E FERULIC + COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE When skin was exposed to the combination of UV *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05 *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05 FILAGGRIN EXPRESSION 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05 *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05 FILAGGRIN EXPRESSION 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05 *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05 FILAGGRIN EXPRESSION 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 CONTROL C E FERULIC Helped to reduce NFkB activation by 47% from the combination of all 3 aggressors *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05 when skin was exposed + ozone + diesel engine 0 0 0 to the combination of UV exhaust, C E Ferulic helped + ozone + diesel engine reduce NFkB activation CONTROL C E FERULIC CONTROL C E FERULIC CONTROL C E FERULIC UVUV C E FERULIC C E FERULIC UV C E FERULIC UVUV exhaust C E FERULIC UV C E FERULIC UV C E FERULIC UV C E FERULICC E FERULIC UV C E FERULIC UVUV C E FERULIC C E FERULIC UV C E FERULIC + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + CONTROLCONTROLCONTROL CONTROLCONTROL CONTROL COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE O 3 UV UV + O 3 COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE O 3 UV UV + O 3 COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE O 3 UV UV + O 3 DEE DEE C E FERULIC + COMBINED AGGRESSOR O 3 + DEE UV + DEE UV + O 3 + C E FERULIC + COMBINED AGGRESSOR O 3 + DEE UV + DEE UV + O 3 + C E FERULIC + COMBINED AGGRESSOR DEE O 3 + DEE UV + DEE UV + O 3 + CONTROLCONTROLCONTROL The inflammatory pathway The inflammatory pathway The inflammatory pathway EXPOSURE EXPOSURE EXPOSURE DEEDEE DEE
NFkB was activated (stained green) when skin was exposed When skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + Exposure to aggressors can cause a decrease in filaggrin, a protein essential for skin barrier function. Filaggrin NFkB was activated (stained green) when skin was exposed When skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + Exposure to aggressors can cause a decrease in filaggrin, a protein essential for skin barrier function. Filaggrin NFkB was activated (stained green) when skin was exposed When skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + Exposure to aggressors can cause a decrease in filaggrin, a protein essential for skin barrier function. Filaggrin New Proof: C E Ferulic helps prevent skin protein damage induced by combined aggressor exposure to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust diesel engine exhaust, C E Ferulic helped reduce NFkB activation expression decreased by 73% 24-hours after exposure to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust diesel engine exhaust, C E Ferulic helped reduce NFkB activation expression decreased by 73% 24-hours after exposure to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust diesel engine exhaust, C E Ferulic helped reduce NFkB activation expression decreased by 73% 24-hours after exposure to the combination of UV, ozone, and diesel engine exhaust. In order to understand the benefits of C E Ferulic to help protect the skin barrier from degradation caused by environmental exposure, filaggrin, a
Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. C E FERULIC Helped counteract 55% of filaggrin degradation from the combination of all 3 aggressors Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. C E FERULIC Helped counteract 55% of filaggrin degradation from the combination of all 3 aggressors Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. C E FERULIC Helped counteract 55% of filaggrin degradation from the combination of all 3 aggressors protein essential for skin barrier function was measured. In skin untreated with C E Ferulic, filaggrin expression decreased by 73%, 24-hours after the skin was exposed to the combination of all three aggressors. The application of C E Ferulic acid prior to the skin’s four-day exposure to UV, Ozone and DEE helped counteract 55% of filaggrin degradation from the combination of all three aggressors. 4
*Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05*Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05*Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05
C E FERULIC Helped counteract 55% of filaggrin degradation from the combination of all 3 aggressors *Statistically significant result vs. exposure to 3 aggressors alone, p < 0.05
CONTROL
COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE Filaggrin expression decreased (stained red) when skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust C E FERULIC + COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE When skin was exposed to the combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaust, C E Ferulic helped preserve filaggrin proteins
CONTROLCONTROLCONTROL COMBINED AGGRESSOR COMBINED AGGRESSOR COMBINED AGGRESSOR C E FERULIC + C E FERULIC + C E FERULIC +
This advertorial was written and supplied by EXPOSURE Filaggrin expression decreased COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE EXPOSURE Filaggrin expression decreased COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE EXPOSURE Filaggrin expression decreased COMBINED AGGRESSOR EXPOSURE (stained red) when skin was exposed (stained red) when skin was exposed (stained red) when skin was exposed When skin was exposed to the When skin was exposed to the When skin was exposed to the to the combination of UV + ozone + to the combination of UV + ozone + to the combination of UV + ozone + combination of UV + ozone + combination of UV + ozone + combination of UV + ozone + diesel engine exhaustdiesel engine exhaustdiesel engine exhaust diesel engine exhaust, C E Ferulic diesel engine exhaust, C E Ferulic diesel engine exhaust, C E Ferulic helped preserve filaggrin proteinshelped preserve filaggrin proteinshelped preserve filaggrin proteins
Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors UV 2J/cm 2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors REFERENCES every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining.every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining.every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. 1. Pinnell, S.R., et al (2005). Ferulic Acid Stabilizes a Solution of Vitamin C and E and Doubles its Photoprotection of Skin. J Invest Dermatol 125:826-832. 2. Protocol: Six-day study on skin explants from 3 different donors with 4 days of exposure to a combination of aggressors: 0.25 ppm ozone for 2 hours, diesel engine exhaust for 30 minutes, and UV 2J/cm2 for 18 seconds. C E Ferulic was applied to skin explants prior to exposure. Product was left on skin for 24-hours. Skin explants were exposed to the different combinations of aggressors every day, over the 4-day period. Skin explant samples were collected after 1 day of aggressor exposure and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining.
