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Vol 2 Issue 12 • Pages 52 • October 1, 2014 • `100/- • www.eprmagazine.com
THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS ON ELECTRICAL & POWER
Wire and cable sector opening up EPR Personality World Nuclear Association One-on-one GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy Teollisuuden Voima Oyj (TVO) Green Zone Waste-to-wire: electricity from sewage
Coal block cancellation: bitter or better?
An I-Tech Media Publication
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On 15th August 2014, unlike his predecessors, Prime Minister Narendra Modi delivered the Independence Day speech from the ramparts of Red Fort that touched the million of hearts. Reiterating the importance of ‘being self-reliance’, Mr Modi invited industry captains across the globe to make India a manufacturing hub. He announced, “Come, manufacture in India”. Many of his critics have raised eyebrows on that day. However, exactly 41 days later, he announced the launch of India’s most ambitious plan to boost manufacturing in the country. The national mission ‘Make In India’ is designed to transform India into a global manufacturing hub. It contains a raft of proposals designed to urge companies — local and foreign — to invest in India and make the country a manufacturing powerhouse. The focus of this programme is to create jobs and skill enhancement in 25 sectors, including electrical machinery, renewable energy, mining and thermal power. India is not only a great market but also the host for enormous talent pool. The nation soon will emerge as the single largest provider of global talent. Despite this, the country is yet to achieve its feat in manufacturing. Our day-to-day requirements are still being met through import, thereby becoming increasingly dependent on other countries. The electrical equipment sector is not an exception; surge in imports of electrical equipment in recent years is creating severe pressure on the sector. According to IEEMA, during 2005-06 to 2012-13, India’s imports of electrical equipment have increased at a compound annual growth (CAGR) of 24.67 per cent, touching Rs 64,674 crore in 2012-13. An increased focus on domestic manufacturing would revitalise the electrical equipment industry which is largely dominated by small and medium enterprise. The PM has also envisaged developing 100 smart cities by 2022. As smart electricity management is critical for smart city development, it will open many new avenues for electrical equipment industry. Hope you will enjoy reading this issue as always. Please do send me your comments at editor@eprmagazine.com
Printed and published by Subhajit Roy on behalf of I-Tech Media Pvt Ltd. and printed at Print, Process Offset Printers, B-23, Royal Industrial Estate, 5-B, Wadala, Mumbai-400031 and published from I-Tech Media Pvt Ltd. 1, Gayatri, Karumari Amman, Chheda Nagar, Chembur (West), Mumbai - 400089. Editor: Subhajit Roy All rights reserved. While all efforts are made to ensure that the information published is correct, Electrical & Power Review holds no responsibility for any unlikely errors that might occur. The information on products and services / technology on offer is being provided for the reference of readers. However, readers are cautioned to make inquiries and take their decisions on purchase or investment after consulting experts on the subject. Electrical & Power Review holds no responsibility for any decision taken by readers on the basis of information provided herein. Tel.: +91-22-32682214/15, +91-9821667357
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Electrical & Power Review
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Cover Story
Coal block cancellation: bitter or better? How the cancellation of the coal block is going to affect the power sector?
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EPR PERSONALITY
Nuclear power to help India meet its carbon obligations
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Geothermal energy: powerful alternative energy source
Shah Nawaz Ahmad, Senior Adviser - India, Middle East and South-East Asia; World Nuclear Association, opens up how WNA is paving the way for expanding nuclear business.
An exclusive feature on why geothermal energy has a great potential to be the alternative of fossil fuel and natural gas.
One-on-one
Green Zone
Nuclear power: critical solution to global climate change David Durham, Senior Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer, GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy, shares why nuclear power is the ultimate solution for clean, baseload electricity to power the planet.
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Tech View
India needs nuclear culture
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Biofuel: sustainable, accessible, affordable Santosh Verma, Director, My Eco Energy, writes why biofuel sources are the future amidst fossil-fuel scarcity and global warming.
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Pasi Tuohimaa, Head of Communications, Corporate Relations, Teollisuuden Voima Oyj (TVO), shares how TVO is working to create high nuclear security culture.
Waste-to-wire: electricity from sewage An article on why the rapid urbanisation and increasing population of Indian cities make treating waste important.
Industry analysis
Wire and cable sector opening up An analysis on how wire and cable industry has been establishing itself as one of the backbones of modern information age.
Guest Column
Making a SMART choice Shiv Kaushik, Country Manager, Cyan Technologies, talks about the importance of right technology that ensures long-term success of smart metering projects.
Electrical & Power Review
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Power Update
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Open Forum
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Trading Zone October 2014
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1/3/14 10:57 PM
Power Update Alstom T&D India to supply power transformers in Bhutan
Cyan announces new smart metering pilot in Gujarat
Alstom T&D India has been awarded a €7 million contract by Mangdechhu Hydroelectric Project Authority (MHPA) to supply power transformers (4 x 180 MW) for the 720 MW Mangdechhu hydroelectric projects. Located by the river Mangdechhu in Trongsa district, Bhutan, the project is a major landmark in grid development for hydro power in Bhutan.
Cyan announced that a bidding consortium of 5 companies including Cyan has deployed a proof of concept pilot of 60 meters to demonstrate Cyan’s CyLec advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) technology with the Indian state-owned utility, Uttar Gujarat Vij Company Ltd (UGVCL).
Alstom T&D India will supply 13 units of 75 MVA, 400kV generator transformers and an 80 MVAR, 400 kV shunt reactor. Alstom will design, engineer, manufacture, supply, transport, erect, test and commission the generator transformer, shunt reactor and associated equipment for the project. All equipment will be supplied from Alstom T&D India’s manufacturing facility in Naini. Alstom’s power transformers will evacuate the hydropower generated by the Mangdechhu hydroelectric project.
The UGVCL pilot is one of 14 smart grid pilots under the smart Grid Task Force (SGTF) in India being run by the ministry of power. Whilst no guarantee can be given at this time that the consortium will be successful in converting this pilot into a commercial order, or that UGVCL will roll out AMI on completing its evaluations of the various solutions currently in pilot phase, Cyan is pleased that its technology has already proven its interoperability across meters supplied by two different manufacturers.
NTL Lemnis, the LED lighting company, showcased a wide range of products of their Pharox brand at Green Building Congress 2014, held in Hyderabad.
In a separate smart metering initiative at the same utility, Cyan was formally invited by UGVCL in April 2014 to install a further 100 meter 865MHz smart metering proof of concept. The pilot letter specification required that the meters be capable of selfforming and self-healing mesh networking and of being read at a range of at least 100 meters. This pilot has also now been deployed by Cyan.
The brand was showcased under categories for professional range, outdoor LED lighting solutions, industrial LED lighting solutions and retrofit LED Lamps. The Pharox range constitutes a diverse range of residential, commercial and industrial usage LED Lighting Solutions. The company also showcased Tulip range of down lights.
John Cronin, Executive Chairman at Cyan, said, “The consortium was selected to participate in one of the 14 pilots under the ministry of power smart grid initiative. Whilst UGVCL has not yet committed to rolling out its smart grid pilot projects, Cyan’s technology has already proved its interoperability between two meter manufacturers, which was a key criterion of the tender.
NTL Lemnis showcases new range of products
Siemens India’s scholarship program goes national Encouraged by the overwhelming success witnessed in the first year, Siemens India is extending the scholarship program to first-year engineering students in over 100 government engineering colleges across India. Under this initiative, Siemens will provide financial support to deserving students who lack the economic means - tuition fees, allowances for books, stationery and related expenses. Additionally, Siemens will support the students with a holistic development plan. As a responsible corporate citizen, Siemens India endeavours to support and promote technical education through this program. Sunil Mathur, Chief Executive Officer, Siemens India, said, “The objective of the Siemens scholarship program is to contribute to the development of an Industry-ready workforce. Since the initiative’s launch last year, we have received an overwhelming response from students, their parents and colleges. We wish to touch many more students this year too.” The scholarships are aimed at supporting deserving candidates to pursue their education and launch a sustainable career in engineering, R&D or manufacturing. These students will be supported with a scholarship program throughout the four years of graduation. The organisation is conscious of its responsibilities as a corporate toward all its key stakeholders: society, employees, customers and environment. As a good corporate citizen, Siemens aims to build sustainable communities by leveraging its competencies and solutions.
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Electrical & Power Review
Power Update Jakson group rolls out new range of solar powered products Jakson group of company launched a new range of solar powered products like home lighting systems (HLS), street lights, indoor RO systems and PV modules to cater to the needs of both urban and rural markets in India. Jakson will introduce the new range of solar products in a phased manner across the nation. In the first phase, the company is targeting to reach key markets of Bihar, UP, North East and Jammu and Kashmir, which will extend to Telangana, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu in the second phase. As part of its marketing drive, the company is planning to add many new dealers and distributors in these areas to increase the footprint. With the launch of the new range of solar powered products, Jakson is targeting to reach a revenue of ` 650 crore from the solar business by FY 2017 compared to ` 127 crore in FY 2014. Speaking on the occasion, Sameer Gupta, Managing Director, Jakson Group, said “The sub-urban as well as rural India is still deprived of clean drinking water and availability of power. Jakson has developed solutions to address these problems by developing energy efficient and cost effective solar water and solar home lighting systems. These are sustainable and clean solutions. We are positive about the potential use of these systems especially in remote and rural areas across India, wherein nearly 320 million people still don’t have access to power.”
Rolta Power enters solar power sector Rolta Power Pvt. Ltd. has ventured in solar power sector with an installed capacity of 60 MW production line of PV modules. The company aims to manufacture A+ grade of solar photovoltaic panels and to work on a variety of ranges of solar power solutions like, solar EPC projects, rooftop solar projects (KW), solar water pumps, solar telecom tower and may more as per the requirement. The company offers comprehensive services for implementing enterprise-level applications, which is not limited to EPC formula only. It aims to go beyond EPC services, such as manufacturing, complete EPC (including basic design), owner operator solutions, operations and maintenance, backend paper work to claim subsidies, and getting government grants etc. on behalf of the clients. “Starting a new business has always appealed,” says Dr. Aditya K Singh, Promoter and Managing Director, Rolta Power Pvt. Ltd. “With the rise in demand for renewable energy, coupled with promising legislation and the need to enhance energy self-sufficiency, starting a solar energy business was an exciting opportunity for us.” He further opines, “The nation is still in its infant stage of manufacturing cycle for supply-chain. Hence, with its proactive legislation, government grants and polices supporting this industry; there is a profitable backward integration opportunity available to be capitalise upon. Rolta Power Pvt. Ltd. is looking at making this contribution as per its expansion needs.”
PTC India Financial Services collaborates with PFC Green Energy PTC India Financial Services Limited (PFS), a company promoted by PTC India Ltd, and PFC Green Energy Limited (PFC GEL), signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) for facilitating joint financing of renewable energy projects. As per the MoU, both the companies have agreed to provide a single window to borrowers developing renewable energy projects under consortium financing to achieve speedy financial closure and avoid duplication of work. The MoU aims to boost the implementation and act as a catalyst to fast track renewable energy projects in the country. This key MoU comes at a critical time when India faces formidable challenge in meeting its energy needs to rebound to 8-9 per cent growth rate and sustain it at that level. The total installed capacity of renewable energy resources estimated by ministry of new and renewable energy in the country is merely 32,424 MW as of July 2014 or just 13 per cent of the total potential of 2,45,000 MW. Commenting on the pact to promote renewable energy projects, R M Malla, Managing Director and CEO, PTC India Financial Services Ltd. said “We hope that our ambitious pact with PFC Green Energy will boost the production of renewable energy as we leverage our respective strengths and competencies built over the years to provide financing for such projects. We are confident that given our expertise and robust appraisal systems, we will be able to quickly provide funding to quality projects backed by credible promoters.”
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Electrical & Power Review
Power Update Sterling & Wilson bags power sector awards
Suzlon Group produces its first blade for the New S111 2.1 MW Turbine
Sterling & Wilson, a part of the 148-year old Shapoorji Pallonji Group, has been awarded the BMGI Energize Power Sector Awards 2013-14 second year in succession for “Excellence in Solar EPC” and “Innovation in Solar Energy”.
Wind turbine maker Suzlon Group has completed the production of its first blade for its S111 2.1 MW turbine. The S111 is a technologically advanced product of the S88 and S97 2.1 MW family. This product has been specifically designed for Suzlon’s next generation 2.1 MW turbine and is engineered to deliver a 20 per cent increase in AEP (Annual Energy Production) at the same hub height compared to Suzlon’s S97 wind turbine model.
BMGI-Energize Award 2013-2014 is instituted to recognise those organisations and individuals, who have made and are making a difference to India’s energy sector. Sterling & Wilson emerged as the organisation adopting the best practices as per the above in the two categories earmarked for the solar power industry and successfully won the awards for the year 2013 – 2014 in Mumbai this year. Ajoy Mehta, Managing Director of MSEDCL, presented the award to Sterling and Wilson. While receiving the award Bikesh Ogra, President, Solar Business of Sterling & Wilson said, “It was indeed a moment of great pride to have received the award for excellence in solar EPC and innovation in solar energy. At Sterling & Wilson, excellence is a deliverable that goes unsaid with our strong service commitment to clients and it motivates us to always strive to provide superior solar EPC services in line with International standards. We will continue to maintain and excel high standards in building and operating large utility scale and rooftop solar power projects in the country, and also globally, as we expand our horizons.” Sterling & Wilson has installed more than 230 MW of solar PV power plants on turnkey EPC basis across India in less than 4 years.
The S111 is built on the proven reliability of the S88 and S95/97 2.1MW family that currently has over 3100 turbines installed in fifteen different countries with over 68,000,000 operating hours. The blade is designed to harness the optimal available wind resources and deliver higher energy productivity, which in turn ensures higher ROI to customers. Suzlon turbines have been setting industry benchmarks across the entire technology value chain by meeting new standards. Laurens van der Sande, Project Manager, S111/SB54 blade said, “The first SB54 blade is the longest and cleanest aerodynamic profile Suzlon has ever produced. This milestone has been achieved due to an effective integration between the product design, production unit and the tool design. The result is reflected in a shorter production timeline with a high yield product. Tulsi Tanti, Chairman – Suzlon Group, said, “The turbine design makes it ideal for low wind sites in growth markets like the US and India. “
Tata Power Solar commissions phase II of solar power project for the Chennai silks group Tata Power Solar has successfully executed five different solar power projects for The Chennai Silks group, constituting a total of 5.2 MW solar power plants. Coupled with the 2 MW solar plants commissioned last year by Tata Power Solar, the total installed solar power capacity of the group comes to 7.2 MW. These five different solar projects, executed for different group companies of The Chennai Silks group, are located in Kangeyam of Tirupur district in Tamil Nadu and achieved power generation in 12 weeks. The five group companies include Naachas Wind Energy Pvt. Ltd. (1 MW), Space Textiles Pvt. Ltd. (1 MW), KTM Jewellery (P) Ltd. (1 MW), SCM. International Impex (1.1 MW) and Sathy Silks Pvt. Ltd. (1.1 MW). Power shortage is a major issue in Tamil Nadu, with several manufacturing facilities in the region suffering from power shortage and relying on expensive diesel generators. For The Chennai Silk’s group, venturing into solar power is a step towards making solar a mainstream source of power generation. Tata Power Solar had engaged local contractors for 45 days of field work, creating a range of job opportunities for the region. Tata Power Solar continues to extend job opportunities for the operations and maintenance of these captive power plants.
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Electrical & Power Review
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Power Update Innovative business models on renewable energy
The thought provoking business strategy development competition the finale of India-Sweden Innovations Accelerator (ISIA) program me successfully concluded at WeSchool, Mumbai, where teams from WeSchool and Institute for Future Education, Entrepreneurship and Leadership (iFEEL) presented future-proof business models and strategies on renewable energy that can be implemented especially in the energy starved rural India. The business ideas designed by students’ teams were evaluated by an external jury panel comprising of Ludvig Lindstorm, country director- India, Swedish energy agency, Dr Anjali Parasnis, associate director- western regional centre, TERI, Srikant Illuri, executive director and country head investment, business Sweden and Dr Christer Nygren, professor of innovation at Malardalen university, Sweden.
The winning team of Virendra Singh Shekhawat, Sagar Deshmukh, Shashank Angadi and Omkar Ranade presented a business plan for Exeger, a Swedish company that produces dye-sensitised solar cells. These cells can be affixed to the massive glass frontages of skyscrapers for garnering and storing solar energy which can be used by the building thereby not only creating solutions towards sustainability and saving of costs but breaking new grounds, by moving closer to the goal of liberating devises from the grid, making them self-powered. The winning team will be rewarded with a fully sponsored 10 day internship giving them an overview of corporates in the green energy sector in Sweden. The first runner-up team devised strategies for FOV Biogas (provides customized biogas solutions) and two teams that worked with the Swedish corporate - Clean motion (electrical vehicle manufacturer) and Hi Nation (solar panels producers) bagged the second runner up position.
Power2SME Raises ` 42 cr in series C funding Power2SME announced that it has raised ` 42 crores in series C funding from its existing investors, namely Accel Partners, Kalaari Capital and Inventus Capital. The funding will help Power2SME to further expand its business across the country, thereby enabling the company to strengthen its foothold in the SME market. The funding will enable Power2SME to reach out to increased number of SMEs, enhance its product portfolio, diversify its sourcing channels and increase focus on imports.
L&T construction commissions world’s largest single rooftop solar PV plant in Punjab L&T construction, has recently commissioned the world’s largest solar photovoltaic plant of 7.52 MWp capacities on a single roof at Amritsar in Punjab. The energy generated from this plant is being fed to the local grid through a power purchase agreement (PPA) signed with the state distribution company under the new and renewable sources of energy (NRSE) policy. For this project, L&T employed multi-crystalline module technology and central inverters to optimize efficiency. More than 30,000 panels were erected on the rooftop of the shed spread over 94,000 sq.m area. Since for this project, the rooftop modules had to be erected on fragile asbestos roof sheets, L&T’s project engineers designed and implemented an appropriate and customized balance of
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system. Without stressing the existing roof sheets, the entire load of the PV modules and BoS were transferred to the roof of the space frame members of the top and middle chords. L&T along with the customer came up with an innovative idea of erecting a permanent network of aluminium walkways on top of the roof sheets to create a safe working environment for execution, operation and maintenance purposes. Commenting on the achievement, S. N. Subrahmanyan, Senior Executive Vice President (Infrastructure and Construction), L&T said, “This is for us, at L&T construction, a significant step towards establishing our credentials as the country’s largest and leading solar EPC company. It is also extremely creditable that this state-of-the-art solar power plant has already exceeded the estimated performance.”
Electrical & Power Review
OPEN FORUM
Likely to have adverse impact on economy While the judgement may have been intended to bring in transparency, it will jeopardise the investments made in the sector. It will raise questions on sanctity of government policies impacting the investment climate. The government will need to expedite reallocating the cancelled producing blocks so that production is not affected in the short term. -
Ajay Shriram, President, CII
In long term, this is an opportunity The answer is both yes and no. In medium term, it can impact because whatever the current status, it’ll get affected. Many of these operational blocks are running with the industries. They are a part of direct consumption, and there is very little quantity where there is direct consumption. The company that are affected are power or captive power. The Supreme Court has given 6 months, and we hope that by that time the government will come out with some alternatives. In a long term, I would say this is an opportunity — an opportunity in terms of nation’s natural resources. -
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Rajiv Agrawal, Secretary, Indian Captive Power Producers Association
October 2014
Electrical & Power Review
OPEN FORUM
Dependence on coal imports will increase Our main concern is on the kind of negative impact on the economy which has just been showing signs of recovery after over 2 years of slowdown. Being largely dependent on the thermal power, it is the coal which fires the economic growth, which will be halted, besides, the dependence on coal imports will increase. -
Rana Kapoor, President, ASSOCHAM
Details of auction will shape the impact The immediate impact is uncertainty which will push back investments and acquisitions till the government policy becomes clear. Thereafter, the details of the auction process, whenever they are announced, will shape the impact. If we, for now, take just the 46 operating coal blocks, of which 70 per cent by current year production are for power generation, then we can estimate a project cost of ` 49,000 crore at risk including power plants and coal mines. This is really a ballpark number, and the precise data can only come from the companies. The investment in power plants need not be at risk if the government puts a proper transition mechanism in place to ensure continuity of supply. However, if production from these blocks comes to a halt on March 31, 2015, and instead CIL supplies linkage coal, then there could be cost increase. The level of increase will depend on coal quality and current block owners’ cost of production, but on normative basis, could add up to 20 paise per kWh at generation bus-bar. This will be a substantive impact, and hence an early auction and transfer to private sector is a must. -
Kameswara Rao, Leader - Energy, Utilities and Mining, PwC India
Electrical & Power Review
October 2014
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COVER STORY
Coal block cancellation: bitter or better? The Supreme Court’s verdict on coal block allocations attracts a mixed response from the industry
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n a huge setback, the Supreme Court (SC) has cancelled 214 of 218 coal block allocations to various private companies since 1993. Under the original SC order dated August 25, there are a total of 12 UMPP blocks (including two blocks of Sasan) that were deemed as “not illegal”. These 12 were protected from the very outset because they featured in the government’s list of 40 operational blocks.
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Though SC has asked companies to stop production on March 31, 2015, and imposed a penalty of ` 295/tonne on all cancelled block holders, the inquiry into coal block allocation case is likely to continue.
takes within its fold all three elements. Our judgment highlighted the illegality and arbitrariness in the allotment of coal blocks and these ‘consequence proceedings’ are intended to correct the wrong done by the Union of India.”
Corrective and compensatory
“These proceedings look to the future by highlighting the wrong. It is expected that the government will not deal with the natural resources that belong to the country as if they belong to a few
The government tried to save as many as 46 blocks, but the court rejected the idea. The bench, led by Chief Justice of India R M Lodha, said, “The present case
Electrical & Power Review
COVER STORY “The cancellation of the coal block is going to affect the power sector badly,” says a spokesperson from Tata Power. He clarifies, “In India, the power tariff is regulated, and the sudden/unexpected increase in fuel cost is not factored in the tariff. In the current situation, the auctioning of the coal blocks will increase the fuel cost and, subsequently, increase the unit cost of production. The current tariff mechanism provides a fixed tariff and does not allow escalation to cover the fuel cost, thus making the projects unviable.
Impact on inflation
individuals, who can fritter them away at their sweet will. These proceedings may also compensate the exchequer for the loss caused to it,” the bench said.
Worrisome power industry No doubt, this is a huge blow to the promoters and executives of power companies as a lot of investments have gone into these blocks. They are worried on how they would incur the expenses and looking for clarity on the method of operation from the government. The power sector has already invested ` 2,86,677 crore towards exploration, mining and end-use projects. Issac George, Group Chief Financial Officer, GVK Power and Infrastructure, expresses his concern by saying that the move would have an extremely negative impact on power, steel and cement companies. He believes that most companies are forced to bid in the new round of auctions as one cannot only depend on imported coal.
Electrical & Power Review
The Indian power sector, no doubt, is under huge stress. The industry is going to face a tough time, regarding raw material (coal and gas linkage) availability, and infrequent and insufficient power tariff hikes. According to India Ratings & Research (Ind-Ra), “The renewed coal scenario most likely would lead to an increase in coal prices; this along with the revised gas pricing formula (under discussion) would increase fuel cost and thus electricity prices. Financial health of state power distribution companies (discoms) is already very fragile. In the scenario of insufficient fuel cost pass through to end users, the financial health of the discoms would deteriorate further. If insufficient pass through is compensated through budgetary subsidies, it will affect every state. In case the fuel price hike is passed through completely it will stoke inflation. With RBI pushing to bring down CPI inflation to 6 per cent by January 2016 the time line for monetary easing under the emerging scenario becomes even more remote in the foreseeable future.”
Impact GDP This verdict on coal blocks is similar to the SC ruling to its earlier ruling of cancellation of 2G licences in February 2012. The India Ratings & Research (Ind-Ra) believes that the coal block cancellation by the Supreme Court (SC) could adversely impact India’s nascent economic recovery. “It will have an immediate effect on a number of stakeholders and also the overall
economy,” reports the Ind-Ra study. “The impact of this ruling will be felt across various channels and lead to a rise in non-performing assets of the banking sector, an increase in the cost of coal and in turn a rise in power tariffs, pressure on current account/currency and finally on overall inflation in the economy. Besides impacting economic recovery this could also pose challenges for the macroeconomic stability of the economy. While the ruling will have a direct impact on corporates with allocated coal blocks, the tremors will be felt on state governments as well.”
Silver lining However, Chandra Bhushan, Deputy Director General, Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), thinks differently. Mr Bhushan, also heads CSE’s sustainable industrialisation programme, believes that this verdict will be the blessing in disguise. He comments, “The Supreme Court’s observations give us the opportunity to evaluate what can be the most transparent and competent way to allocate a high value natural resource such as coal for mining purposes and ensure its efficient use.” He adds, “In fact, the court’s intervention provides an excellent opportunity and window to initiate reforms in the entire mining sector. The issue of appropriate allocation and extraction of mineral resources and the unfair distribution of costs and benefits realised from such resource extraction is a long standing controversy. Mining in India suffers from multiple problems. Most mining areas are very poor (most mining districts being the poorest) and have major environmental problems (most mining areas are also critically polluted), and there is illegal mining happening across the country.” In 2013-14, Coal India has missed producing the target of 482 million tonnes; it has produced 462 million tonnes of coal. The coal ministry fears that gap will increase if the cancelled mines don’t produce the projected volume of coal.
October 2014
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EPR PERSONALITY
Nuclear power to help India meet its carbon obligations
T “Today India has the most comprehensive, broad nuclear programme, compared to the top industrialised nations,” comments Shah Nawaz Ahmad, Senior Adviser - India, Middle East and South-East Asia; World Nuclear Association
he World Nuclear Association (WNA), headquartered in London, represents the global nuclear industry. The association promotes a wider understanding of nuclear energy among key nuclear influencers. In an exclusive interview with EPR, Shah Nawaz Ahmad opens up about the importance of nuclear power, India’s dependence on nuclear, and how WNA is paving the way for expanding nuclear business. Nuclear power contributes less than 3 per cent of India’s total energy generation. How far India can move from here? Energy, especially electricity, is a fundamental requirement for the development of any community. In India, it is almost an aspirational need. The demand is large and the need to increase electricity production acute. In view of the urgency, India needs to adopt an optimal mix of various generating technologies, including fossil, renewable and nuclear. Increase in renewable and nuclear will permit India to meet its carbon obligations. I see both renewable and nuclear as being on the same side of the carbon divide. At their present state of development, nuclear and renewable complement each other. Nuclear is best suited for bulk production and industrial use, and renewable for more distributed loads. India thus needs to have a fair share of nuclear, about 25 per cent by 2050,
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or even earlier is an achievable target. This is possible as India has a strong industrial and infrastructure base in this sector. This will need to be further upgraded. India was outside the Nuclear NonProliferation Treaty (NPT) due to its weapons program for 34 years. How did it hamper the development of nuclear power sector in India? I would have posed this question rather differently, and like to answer it in a different way. India has always maintained that NPT is not a fair treaty and still isn’t signatory to it. Also, India’s strategic interests have dictated development in that area. Pre 2005, the challenges were many, including a much lower GDP, limited infrastructure and so forth. Then there were international restrictions on nuclear trade and information exchange. Indian industry, with considerable help and guidance from the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), rose magnificently to make India self-sufficient in this sector. This concentrated effort has had a game changing impact on technological development in the country, including sectors beyond atomic energy. So the challenges may have slowed down the programme but have also been of great benefit. Today India has the most comprehensive, broad nuclear programme, compared to the top industrialised nations. Hence,
Electrical & Power Review
EPR PERSONALITY it was a challenge well met. Dr R.K. Sinha and his colleagues in DAE need to be applauded by a grateful nation. What are initiatives World Nuclear Association has been taking to promote nuclear energy and support the companies that comprise the global nuclear industry? The World Nuclear Association, along with the IAEA and WANO is among the leading international organisations with nuclear as its core activity. WNA is headquartered in London, with Agneta Rising as its Director General. WNA also has a presence in India, China and Australia. WNA is an industry based organisation, with 180 members who make up the who’s who of nuclear power across the globe. In India, our members — NPCIL, UCIL, ECIL, NFC and AMD — are the core players in this sector. WNA represents the global nuclear industry. Its role is to promote a wider understanding of nuclear energy among key nuclear influencers by producing authoritative information, developing common industry positions as well as pave the way for expanding nuclear business responsibly. Here I’d like to quote Agneta Rising who says, “We, at WNA, engage with key global stakeholders on a broad range of topics of strategic importance to nuclear development, including economics, public acceptance and the environment.” Can India, with the mission to generate 25 per cent of its energy from nuclear power by 2050, reduce its dependency on coal and gas imports and meet its climate targets? India has the manpower and skills to accelerate the nuclear power sector. Manufacturing and other infrastructural areas will need strengthening. The indigenous programme, covering the three-stage programme, appears to be on track. NPCIL’s PHWR reactors and Bhavini’s fast breeder reactors are coming up well.
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Indian authorities remain committed to the programme; and admit that though there have been delays, the long-term objectives will be met. The new government has also shown continued commitment to both aspects of the programme, both indigenous and imports. The aftermath of Fukushima has raised many questions about nuclear power. Is nuclear power with its attendant waste and safety issues worth having? If it were a fair world, the world would be applauding the design and construction of the Fukushima reactor, instead of the response in certain quarters. Take the facts. Here we have one of the oldest reactors in the world that sees an earthquake and Tsunami in magnitude much higher than the design value and survives. There is no fatality linked with radiation release. But the nuclear community still took the whole things with great seriousness. All reactors were examined and stress tests conducted, including very comprehensive exercise in India. It’s only after these reviews and improvements that reactors were permitted to continue operation. Today nuclear generation is at par with pre-Fukushima figures. And new reactor constructions across the globe are in full swing. I don’t, for a moment, ignore the suffering of the Tsunami affected and those forced to move from the vicinity of Fukushima. It is a great tragedy from which many lessons need to be learnt. The nuclear community has drawn many lessons and carried out improvements. Perhaps the world would not have taken as much cognizance of Fukushima if the consequences had not spilled beyond the plant site. Improved mitigation and accident handling systems is the principal lesson that the nuclear community needs to learn. As per Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Bill, 2010, India’s liability
regime also holds suppliers accountable. Is it going to affect the foreign investment? Some discussions have been in the either yes or no modes. The law is far more nuanced. Yes, liability may flow to suppliers, but the conditions where this option can be exercised by the operator are fairly clear and demanding. Suppliers are demanding greater clarity, and I do not wish to belittle that. How this can be worked out through application of rules and contracts is being investigated. This clarity, of course, is necessary to permit the full nuclear potential to be realised. How successfully is WNA working towards a sustainable nuclear energy future? WNA, along with its members, is addressing this vital issue in a very comprehensive manner, through preparation of guidelines and sharing of best practices of the global nuclear industry. For example, the environmental impact of uranium mining is much smaller than that of other fossil fuels. The discharges from nuclear plants have a lower environmental impact, and no toxic gases are released. Nuclear reactors operate at high load factors and supply reliable power. In fact, Indian reactors have done very well. The Unit 5 of the Rajasthan Atomic Power Station (RAPS) recently broke the record for the longest continuous operational run of any reactor in the world. NPCIL CMD KC Purohit and Rajasthan Site Director S. K. Dutta deserve compliments for this feat. Nuclear technology has some inherently unique strengths that make for effective sustainability. Fast breeder reactors produce more fuel than they consume. Reprocessing extracts fissile material from used fuel, from which considerable power has been extracted already.
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One-on-one
Nuclear power: critical solution to global climate change
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“We believe nuclear can play an important role in a diverse portfolio of generation options in India,” emphasises David Durham, Senior Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer, GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy
E Hitachi Nuclear Energy is synonymous in advanced reactors and nuclear services. Recently, its Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (ESBWR) design certification has been approved by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). In an exclusive interview with EPR, David Durham shares why nuclear power is the ultimate solution for clean, baseload electricity to power the planet. GE Hitachi has provided technology for the nuclear energy industry for more than five decades, beginning with the first privately financed commercial nuclear power plant. How the nuclear power sector has evolved since then? From the time GE became the first company in the world to connect a nuclear reactor to the commercial power grid in Vallecitos, California, in 1957 to today, the industry has evolved greatly. Over the past 57 years, many other companies have entered the field, dozens of countries have embraced nuclear power and of course the need for clean, baseload electricity to power the planet, including in nations like India, has grown tremendously. From a technological standpoint, the industry has continually evolved, becoming safer and more efficient with each new generation of nuclear reactor. Today, this evolution culminates with the ESBWR (Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor).
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The ESBWR is literally the world’s safest reactor, using gravity and true passive safety systems. It is capable of cooling itself with no on-site or offsite AC power or operator action for more than 7 days. From an expense perspective, the ESBWR offers the lowest operating, maintenance and staffing cost per megawatt while producing nearly 1,600 megawatts of carbon-free power. We are thrilled that our ESBWR was approved (on September 16) for design certification by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Nuclear power contributes less than 3 per cent of India’s total energy generation. Where do you see the future nuclear power in India? We support NPCIL’s mission to “develop nuclear power technology…and to meet the increasing electricity needs of the country.” We believe nuclear can play an important role in a diverse portfolio of generation options in India. Nuclear power, through advanced, passive safety-based reactors like the ESBWR, offers a unique opportunity to not only meet growing demands but to do so in a responsible, eco-friendly way.
At least 36 new nuclear reactors are planned or proposed in India. What is your plan about India? We are excited to continue our collaboration with NPCIL on the site they have identified in the Kovvada region in Andhra Pradesh for up to six ESBWRs. Following the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s recent certification of the
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ONE-ON-ONE ESBWR, we expect to complete an early works agreement with NPCIL in the very near future. Bringing the world’s safest reactor, the ESBWR, to India not only has the primary benefit of carbon-free electricity and real passive safety, but it also enables highly skilled Indian engineers and workers to become familiar with this globally sought-after technology.
The aftermath of Fukushima has raised many questions about nuclear power. Is nuclear power with its attendant waste and safety issues worth having?
capacity factor (the amount of energy a facility produces versus how much it could produce at full operating power throughout the year) is nearly three times higher than wind and close a third more efficient that coal. Nuclear power is also not subject to volatile swings in the price of fuel like coal or natural gas. Fuel accounts for just 31 per cent of production costs in a nuclear facility while fuel costs for fossil-fuelled plants (gas and coal) are closer to 80-90 per cent. One nuclear fuel pellet that weighs about 7 grams provides as much energy as 1 tonne of coal, 17,000 cubic feet of natural gas and 149 gallons of oil.
Nuclear power is a critical solution to our global climate change challenge. Without clean, safe nuclear power, reaching carbon goals in the EU, US and other nations is all but impossible.
With reactors like ABWR, ESBWR and PRISM, how GE Hitachi has been innovating?
Beyond environmental goals, nuclear power provides the most efficient source of electricity. The average
At our core, GE Hitachi is a technology company. We have been innovating and evolving the world’s safest nuclear reactors for more than 55 years. Today
we offer the two safest nuclear reactors available, the ESBWR and the Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR). The ABWR was the first operational Generation 3 reactor and today has thousands of hours of safe operations. Looking at the future, we have developed a sodium-cooled, fast reactor called PRISM (Power Reactor Inherently Safe Module). PRISM is a high-energy neutron (fast) reactor which uses a series of proven, safe and mature technologies to create an innovative solution to dispose of used nuclear fuel and surplus plutonium. The PRISM reactor builds on this sodium-cooled reactor experience first pioneered in 1951 to turn the binding energy of the atom into electrical energy. PRISM incorporates a number of innovative features which make it the ideal vehicle for addressing used nuclear fuel and dispositioning plutonium.
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October 2014
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ONE-ON-ONE
India needs nuclear culture
“In order to cope with the rapidly racing need of energy and lower CO2 pollution, India has no other alternative than going for more nuclear energy,” says Pasi Tuohimaa, Head of Communications, Corporate Relations, Teollisuuden Voima Oyj (TVO)
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VO is the forerunner in supplying safe, reliable nuclear power in Finland. Half of the produced electricity is used to keep the wheels of industry rolling, while the other half flows to households, services, and agriculture via local energy companies all around Finland. In an email conversation, Pasi Tuohimaa shares how TVO is working to create high nuclear security culture. TVO has been generating electricity for Finnish society for more than 30 years. How the nuclear power sector has evolved since TVO started its journey? We have been generating electricity for Finnish society more than 35 years. Nuclear power sector is now the basic power producer in Finland with 27 per cent of the Finnish electricity. The government has already made the decision to race the amount of nuclear energy. TVO is building at the moment at our site a new 1,600 MW Olkiluoto 3 reactor, and there are already licences for two more reactors in Finland, one for us and one for other company. Nuclear power contributes less than 3 per cent of India’s total energy generation. Where do you see the future nuclear power in India? I know that India has very ambitious goals to lift the amount of nuclear energy in the country. In order to cope with the rapidly racing need of energy and lower CO2 pollution, India has no
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other alternative than going for more nuclear energy. At least 36 new nuclear reactors are planned or proposed in India. What is your plan about India? We are a company that is only producing energy for our owners for the value they own our sheers. The owners can do with their energy what they wish — sell it to the Nordic energy market, use it in their own industries or sell it to their own private customers like our 135 local electricity companies do. The aftermath of Fukushima has raised many questions about nuclear power. Is nuclear power with its attendant waste and safety issues worth having? Absolutely yes! In Finland, we have the highest nuclear security regulators in the world and a very high nuclear security culture. As a developed country, we have already made the decisions to take care of the nuclear disposal. The final depository place is almost built, and we plan to start final disposal in the 2020s. If Fukushima would have had, for example, the SAMsystem (Severe Accident Mitigation), less damage would have happened. India should follow very carefully the security culture that the plant suppliers bring with. That will be a big issue, a big consideration and maybe a chance of culture for India.
Electrical & Power Review
Industry analysis
Wire and cable sector opening up Although the major part of the wire and cable industry is unorganised, the industry has been doing exceptionally well, especially communication cables
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able and wire industry has established itself as one of the backbones of modern information age. The increasing importance for power, light and communication has kept demand high for wire and cable. This trend will continue as demand for reliable, efficient energy and data communications will strengthen the wire and cable industry. The industry is a volume-driven product and has evolved from the unorganised to the organised sector. However, about 35 per cent of this industry is still in the unorganised.
Current status About 40 per cent of the entire electrical
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large industry over the last decade. Today the industry has grown into several product segments. • LV energy: These cables is used for the transmission of energy and rated at below 1kV. • Power cable: All energy cable rated at 1kV and above. • External telecom: These are metallic cable, which are used in telecommunication networks. • Internal/Data: These are used for the transmission of voice/data, including internal telephone cable and LAN data cable. • Winding wire: The round and flat enamelled and taped wires which are used in the windings of motors, transformers etc. • Fibre optics: The cables that contain optical fibres. industry is composed by wire and cable industry, and it is expected to be double in the next 5 years. The global wire and cable market is valued at $127 billion in 2010. This market is expected to increase at a 9.4 per cent CAGR to reach nearly $200 billion in 2015. Due to the good response from the power and infrastructure segments, the wire and cable industry is growing at a CAGR of 15 per cent. As the new government is focusing on ‘Make In India,” the industry can grow at similar rate for the next 5 years.
Product sectors The wire and cable industry has transformed from being a small to a
Growth drivers Investment made by various private companies in power sector has opened up the wire and cable industry. Even the growth potential in the telecom sector as well as the various policy pronouncements by the government towards bringing about improved digital connectivity has added advantage to the industry. The rollout of 3G and broadband on a pan-India basis is an important growth driver because this will boost the market. Government impetus in refineries, power and fertilizers will offer a boost to the cable industry as almost all manufacturing companies
Electrical & Power Review
Industry analysis need cables. Auto sector and railways are also important sectors consuming wires and cables on a large scale.
Growth areas Power sector is the biggest driver in the mainstay of cable demand, accounting for more than three-quarters of the market. Telecom cables are confined to the relatively narrower domain of the health of the global information, communications and technology (ICT) domains. For the industry, the current focus is to supply cables for specific applications, pertaining to the industry needs. Sectors like oil and gas, metro, cement industry and steel industry have a lot of growth potential. The wire and cable industry is also focusing on specialised cables like extra high-voltage cables and elastomer cables, which are now used for special applications in the industries like oil and gas, shipbuilding, construction equipment, elevator, renewable power,
windmill solutions, security systems and so forth.
new heights by manufacturing quality wires at nominal prices.
Challenges
The wire and cable industry in India has definitely transformed for better in the past 20 years. Although, cabling industry has been enjoying a great time, only 14 per cent of cabling market is organised and 35 per cent of the industry is still occupied by the unorganised players.
The biggest challenge for the industry is operation and service, including reduced lifetime of cables due to mishandling and deployment times. Increasing price and competition from Chinese imports is also one of the biggest challenges for the industry. The rising price of copper has also becoming a major issue as it has squeezed the profit margins, and copper has become uncompetitive in the international market. Then there is lack of initiatives from the government to change the rules and regulations for wire manufacturers.
The future The wire and cable industry is expanding with every new day, and there are several leading wire brands in India. The Indian cabling industry has reached
Government initiative PM Narendra Modi is working hard to turn his talk into reality. In order to back up his rhetoric, Mr Modi has launched the “Make In India” campaign on September 25. The programme, according to the website, “represents an attitudinal shift in how India relates to investors: not as a permit-issuing authority, but as a true business partner.” It is a new deal for India, and The wire and cable industry has a big expectation from it. Also, increasing budget allocation by the government on the power sector has opened up the wire and cable industry.
New Borlink grade enables DC transmission in extruded cables at EHV levels
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orouge and Borealis, providers of innovative plastics solutions for the wire and cable industry, has showcased their recently launched Borlink LS4258DCE, a step-change grade for HVDC cables, at the Wire China 2014 in Shanghai.
system based on Borlink LS4258DCE and Borlink LE0550DC has been achieved at a voltage level of 525kV. This exceptional performance is made possible due to the unique production process of the compound, providing a high level of both chemical and physical cleanliness.
The T&D industry is continuously looking for cables with higher power transmission capacity at high voltage levels. The Borouge’s and Borealis’ next generation of HVDC insulation compound, Borlink LS4258DCE, together with their HVDC semi-conductive, Borlink LE0550DC, address this trend by enabling the use of extruded cable technology at voltage and power transmission levels where traditionally only paper cables could be used. According to the “Cigré Recommendation 496”, a type test qualification of an extruded cable
Borlink LS4258DCE is an unfilled crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) compound based on the enhanced base resin technology Supercure. The technology allows higher cable production efficiencies by shortening the cable production cycle via significantly reduced degassing time and improved scorch performance.
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This major HVDC innovation, supported by a unique 15-year track record of proven operational excellence and industry leadership in extruded HVDC
materials, will support the further integration of various types of renewable energy into grids and the establishment of more interconnections among countries in major infrastructure projects around the world. Borouge’s new 350,000 t/y low density polyethylene (LDPE) plant, which is an important part of the Borouge 3 expansion project in Abu Dhabi, will be an integral addition to the recently inaugurated Borealis’ high pressure LDPE plant, dedicated to the production of specialised and super clean products for the wire and cable industry. Borouge’s new LDPE production plant is tailored to manufacture unique Visico and Borlin XLPE solutions for the global wire and cable market, thereby applying the same technology and quality standards applied by Borealis.
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Interview
Fox Petroleum dreams to make Bihar ‘no dark done’
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“I set my goal to create “no dark zone” in India and contribute to the national development,” says Ajay Kumar. Chairman and Managing Director, Fox Petroleum Ltd.
ox Petroleum Group, an associate company of UAE based Fox Petroleum FZC, specialises in oil and gas sector, including power generation and distribution. The company has already set up combined cycle power plant project in each of 38 districts of Bihar. In a conversation with EPR, Ajay Kumar shares his journey as well as his plan to add value to Indian power sector.
Fox Petroleum has transformed itself as one of the leading power sector companies in Middle East. How do you define your journey in India? Being an entrepreneur, I love taking calculated risk and that stimulated me to jump in to dynamitic oil and gas sector. Gradually, I got good response from the market and government due to our convincing attitude to investors and other stakeholders on presenting any project. Furthermore, I have developed an extremely elite, successful galaxy of people in oil and gas sector while working in Middle East. They inspired me to think beyond the limit. And then my entrepreneurial journey starts with some small steps with big dreams. I set my goal to create “no dark zone” in India and contribute to the national development. In my personal vision, life is not brief candle to me. It is a sort of splendid torch, which I am permitted to hold for the moment, and I want to make it burn as brightly as
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possible before handing it on to future generation. Power is the lifeline of any development. In India, the power requirements were catered by three main sources: thermal, hydro and nuclear. While last two have their inherent limitations, thermal power is often confronted with availability and continuous supply of the fuel. In order to bring down the reliance on limited fossil fuel for power generation, it was necessary to look to the viability of generating power through renewable sources and natural gas. Fox Petroleum, banking on its huge reserves of natural gas, has decided to take electricity to deficient part of rural India by setting up gas-based power plants to start with in Bihar. The Government of India has endorsed the need to utilise the natural gas reserves optimally by envisaging a policy to lay network of pipeline for transportation. Proposed gas-based power plant will run on duel fuel engines and turbines with natural gas, furnace oil as the duel fuel and low sulphur diesel oil to be used for ignition. These are being purchased from world renowned manufacturers like Kawasaki, Wartsila, and Siemens, to name a few. If required, FPL is also prepared to install bigger size dual fuel turbines for which FPL has negotiated with Alstom, ABB and GE.
You have set up combined cycle power plant project in each of Electrical & Power Review
Interview 38 districts of Bihar. How does this add value to the power generation in Bihar? The current scenario of availability of electricity in our country is not what it should be. If we see the rural market, only 43.5 per cent of rural households and 54 per cent of villages are having the availability as per census of India 2001. Then there is a deep low in quality of electricity service like frequent and long interruptions (14-hour brown out), large voltage fluctuations (+/- 40 per cent) and service delivered not when needed but when available. If we need to modify this, we need to do a paradigm shift in approach of electricity generation and then transmission and distribution. We are in the process of setting a combined cycle power plant project in each of 38 districts of Bihar. Because our CCGT has main fuel RLNG, and Haldia pipeline is now cleared by this government. We are ready to take off to the site, and already on some locations initial work has been started like survey and soil testing. However, I am sure till then the pipeline will come in existence. Before that the power plant will be in position to be in public service.
Bihar has the highest T&D losses in the country. The state loses almost half of its power even before it reaches to the consumers. How does Fox Petroleum approach this biggest challenge? The major ground for the high rate of T&D losses in India is inadequate investment made in the transmission and distribution sector. The funds have been particularly low in subtransmission and distribution. While the asset in generation has improved gradually, transmission has not kept up with it. This led to disparity in the generation and supporting transmission arrangement. Without the strengthening of the existing grids and development of new systems, the load on the transmission systems have
Electrical & Power Review
increased resulting in increased T&D losses. Moreover, power theft is one of the major causes of high T&D losses in India. Inefficiency in the power distribution system has led to failure in checking of power theft and this leakage continues to plague the sector.
The Government of India is planning to bring a bill, amending the Central Electricity Act, in winter session of Parliament to improve the tariff policy and regulations in the power sector. What can we expect from the bill?
In our case, Fox Petroleum is not the distributor in India (we are in distribution business in Middle East). We are the power producer and committed to our goal. We will supply from our production unit to grid. The real challenge is for Bihar State Electricity Board to work on some innovative, achievable ideas.
We are really positive about the bill amending the Central Electricity Act to be produced in winter session of the Parliament. We expect a new approach in the power sector from the new government. If sustainable development is the desire, the energy system chosen for the country in general and rural area in particular must advance rural economic growth. They must be economically efficient, need
Bihar plans to invest ` 28,000 crore on power sector in next 5 years. How is it going to push the power sector in the state? It will have emphatic impact on Bihar’s socio-economic condition. It will help start industrialisation in the state by its own home land industrialist to invest in Bihar. For example, many NRIs will come back to set up industry in Bihar. In social sector, more IAS and IPS will be seen from Bihar. If we succeed to supply non-fluctuating power, Bihar will become the “no dark done�.
What is the status of your proposed to set up combined cycle power plants, consisting of 4 blocks of 750 MW in Kota (Rajasthan)? How is the project going to improve generation in Rajasthan? We have planned this project with Skoda Praha of Czech Republic. We were working on it from the past government in Rajasthan. Due to election, we delayed in paper submission to the Government of Rajasthan. But on ground, we were active and 371 acres of land and necessities have been identified for this power plant. We have our own gas block in Russia, and hence fuel will not be a problem. Within 3 months, DPR will be ready to be submitted before the Government of Rajasthan for approval.
If sustainable development is the desire, the energy system chosen for the country in general and rural area in particular must advance rural economic growth.
oriented and equitable, self-reliant and empowering, and environmentally sound. We expect that the central government in association with the state governments should come up with a National Electricity Policy and Plan, permitting standalone systems for rural areas, including those based on renewable sources of energy and other non-conventional sources of energy. Moreover, they should also formulate a national policy for rural electrification and bulk purchase of power and management of local distribution in rural areas through panchayat, users associations, cooperative societies, non-governmental organisations or franchisees.
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Guest Column
Making a SMART choice Advanced Metering Infrastructure
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
CyLec Concentrator
kWh
INTERNET
Connect/ disconnect instructions
Flow of meter readings Tamper alerts
CyLec Head End Software
Network Management User Interface
“Choosing the right technology is going to ensure long-term success of smart metering projects,” avers Shiv Kaushik, Country Manager, Cyan Technologies 30
October 2014
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Utility Billing System
mart cities are coming to India. During his recent trip to Japan, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced a tie-up between the cities of Varanasi and Kyoto, with the objective of turning Varanasi into a smart city. Of course, the new central government of India has spoken time and again about its intentions to transform Indian cities into smart cities, as well as developing 100 new ones.
Research firm Forrester defines a smart city as “the use of smart computing technologies to make the critical infrastructure components and services of a city – including city administration, education, healthcare, public safety, real estate, transportation and utilities – more intelligent, interconnected and efficient.” Utilities that make use of smart meters are a critical building block of smart cities. A smart meter is one that is connected to
Electrical & Power Review
Guest Column the utility’s computers through a data communication network – allowing both utilities as well as customers to regularly monitor their consumption. Smart metering or Automatic Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is not new to India; there are many pilot projects already running in many utilities that are successfully demonstrating the benefits. In the last few months, Essel Utilities and Tata Power have even announced commercial deployment of smart metering solutions in locations as diverse as Bihar’s Muzaffarpur and Maharashtra’s Nagpur, as well as Mumbai. More utilities are expected to announce roll out plans of their own as they realise the enormous benefits, financial and otherwise, of migrating to smart metering; the least of which is enhanced quality of service for all customers. An advantage of using smart metering technology is that utilities
Electrical & Power Review
do not require access to each meter individually to record the readings. The accurate meter data can be gathered remotely by simply walking through the neighbourhoods with a hand held meter reading device, or aggregated through centrally located data concentrator units. This helps the utilities reduce their labour cost. Additionally, error detection and correction using a smart metering system is also easier and less expensive and reduces the chance of local fraud.
At present, utilities can choose from Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Power Line Communication (PLC), GPRS (cellular) and sub-GHz wireless as smart metering communication technologies. While Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, GPRS and sub-GHz are all based on wireless communications, PLC is a wired technology. When it comes to choosing between wired and wireless communication networks for a smart meter, the latter is no doubt the intelligent choice.
As utilities prepare for smart metering adoption, the choice of underlying communications technology is a major strategic decision that requires careful consideration. Cost, security, regulatory compliance, standards compliance, transmission range and power consumption are just some of the important factors which need to be considered while choosing the right communication technology for a smart meter.
When compared to the smart meters using PLC, the wireless enabled meters are simple to install and easy to commission. While PLC requires a structured infrastructure to be already in place to work, there is no need for expensive cabling and associated wireline infrastructure in case of wireless communication networks. PLC also has the disadvantage that it weakens the signal frequency due to conductor material properties of the
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Guest Column cable, branching, echo and interference due to multipath propagation. Among the wireless communications, while Wi-Fi and sub-GHz transmit signals over a longer field range, Bluetooth and ZigBee transmissions have a shorter range. Wi-Fi is often a great choice when a large volume of data needs to be transferred (over Internet, LAN or WAN for example), but using it for low volume data transfer (as is required in smart metering applications) is inefficient and costly. Bluetooth on the other hand is only suited for very short range (~10 metres) applications. Implementing GPRS on a per meter basis is very expensive. To operate at the optimal level, smart meters need to send relatively small amounts of data to longer ranges at regular intervals. Thus we are left with ZigBee and sub-GHz as the two viable choices. Utilities can choose smart meters either running the ZigBee wireless platform, which runs on 2.4 GHz; or sub-GHz wireless platforms like CyLec, which runs on 865 MHz for India. The major difference between the two is the range of the signals they transmit. In urban areas, a sub-GHz standard like CyLec performs most effectively, as the lower the operating frequency, the higher the transmission range for the signal. In simpler terms, operating on 865MHz frequency ensures that the signal can easily propagate through concrete walls and can reach longer distances. Smart meters must continuously be connected to other components of the network and the utilities; a compromise on the range is generally not acceptable. Also, because of its longer range, sub-GHz systems require fewer data collectors to serve the same number of smart meters as compared to ZigBee, thus reducing the cost of deployments. A major design consideration for a wireless smart meter is power
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consumption. If a smart meter is batterypowered, the battery is often more expensive than other components, and therefore needs to last longer so as to keep the overall operational costs low. It calls for keeping the radio transmit power at an optimal level. Even though increasing the transmit power of the radio is an easy way to increase range; this approach would come at the cost of higher power consumption. While sub-GHz RF which already transmits long range signals does not need to use extra power to increase the range, ZigBee does. Thus, sub-GHz wireless technology is more cost efficient than ZigBee. The longer range, ease of use and lower implementation and operating costs of an 865 MHz-based wireless system like CyLec provide convincing reasons in favour of sub-GHz radio usage in smart metering applications. While developed countries like Europe and the US have already implemented subGHz technology in metering systems on a large scale, India and China are now beginning to adopt the trend. Smart metering rollouts by both Tata Power and Essel Utilities make use of Cyan’sCyLec865MHz solution. One challenge for a meter manufacturer using sub-GHz wireless technology is regulatory and standards compliance. While the 2.4GHz band is available globally, the sub-GHz frequencies vary depending on the region, making it challenging for designers to build a meter which works with the applicable standards worldwide. The problem is fortunately non-existent in India, but for meter manufacturers with global ambitions, there is a need for a global convergence of support for the sub-GHz communications-based smart meters. With the increase in deployment of sub-GHz wireless smart meters, the industry is slowly moving towards a standards-based wireless solution. For instance, Cyan has pioneered the adoption of open standardsbased, integrated smart metering
solutions in India. As the Indian market progresses to seeing full-scale smart metering deployments, Cyan is well positioned to support open standards for both metering and communication protocols. The company recognises that its customers need to have a choice of solutions, for hardware and software, to ensure they can achieve cost efficiencies and benefit from the technological advances of the future. That is why Cyan’s open communication platform, CyLec, delivers flexibility and innovative functionality to customers. To enhance the flexibility for the utilities and reduce their costs even further, Cyan’s CyLec also comes as a retrofit external module that helps utilities convert existing deployed static meters into smart meters. For many Indian utilities, the choice of smart metering technologies will also depend on whether the technology is proven to work without failure in harsh local conditions, with extreme temperatures and general tampering risks. Solutions like CyLec once again triumph in this regard as they are developed explicitly for the conditions prevailing in India and other emerging markets. The ongoing pilots and the first commercial deployments provide a valid use case for other utilities considering smart metering deployments. Ultimately, choosing the right technology is going to ensure long-term success of smart metering projects – helping utilities to create ‘revenue assurance’ on one hand, on account of accurate and continuous metering, and providing high levels of service to customers on the other, leading to a win-win scenario for all involved.
Authored by__ Shiv Kaushik, Country Manager, Cyan Technologies.
Electrical & Power Review
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Tech View
Geothermal energy: powerful alternative energy source In the scarcity of fossil fuel and natural gas, the need of the hour is sustainable, cost-effective and long-term energy alternatives, and geothermal energy fits in the bill perfectly
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ndia became the world’s third largest producer of electricity in the year 2013 with 4.8 per cent global share in electricity generation, surpassing Japan and Russia. Non-renewable power plants constitute 87.55 per cent of the installed capacity, and renewable power plants constitute the remaining 12.45 per cent of total installed capacity. However, it is estimated that we could run out of oil in about 40 years. Geothermal energy, which is presently used to produce electricity along active plate boundaries, is one of the potential alternative energy sources. A number of geothermal power plants are operational in at least 24 countries of the world, generating more than 10,000 MW power. The “2014 Annual U.S. & Global Geothermal Power
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Production Report” says that almost 700 geothermal projects are under development in 76 countries.
What is geothermal energy? Geothermal energy, the heat from the earth, is a sustainable source of energy. Its resources are basically moderate-to-low temperature hot spring systems and hot rock beneath the earth’s surface. Then down deeper, there are extremely high temperatures of molten rocks. A layer of hot and molten rocks called magma are found below the earth’s crust where heat is continually produced, mostly from the decay of radioactive materials like uranium and potassium. And the amount of heat within 10,000 metres of earth’s surface, which flows outward from the earth’s
Electrical & Power Review
Tech View interior. Normally, the crust of the earth insulates us from earth’s interior heat, can produce 50,000 times more energy than all the oil and natural gas resources in the world.
Fluid Category temperature
Electrical conversion yield
Economically viable uses
Advantages
<100 C
Low enthalpy
<2%
Space heating, domestic hot water, agricultural and food industries
100-200 C
Medium enthalpy
2-10 %
Chemical Industry, fresh water by distillation, evaporation in sugar refining, drying farm products, canning of food
>200 C
High enthalpy
10-20 %
Drying of timber, heavy water via hydrogen sulphide process, refrigeration by ammonia absorption, electricity production (binary cycle)
The best thing about geothermal energy is that it doesn’t create any pollution. Most important, a geothermal power plant can be used to produce electricity 24 hours a day. Thus, geothermal energy is a perfect solution for clean, inexpensive and renewable energy. Geothermal power plants don’t even affect natural landscape as they generally require small land. The running cost for geothermal power plants is also very less and they don’t require any fuel.
Limitations Geothermal energy has several disadvantages too. Improper drilling, incorrectly handling, and so forth can produce pollutants as well as release contaminated minerals and gases. Then there is a huge concern for run out of steam in the long run.
Energy captured Geothermal energy is captured from geothermal hotspot, an area of reduced thickness in the mantle which allows the excess internal heat from the interior of the earth to flow to the outer crust. These hotspots include the volcanic islands, mineral deposits and geysers, normally known as hot springs. There are several ways to capture heat from these hotspots: Hot springs This is the most common way of capturing energy from geothermal heat. In setting up geothermal power plants, holes are drilled into the rock. In this way, it is easy to capture steam more effectively to drive electric generators. When the water comes out of the hot spring as steam, it can be used directly otherwise it can be used as a flash system. Direct uses Geothermal reservoirs of hot water can be found a couple of miles beneath the earth’s surface. These reservoirs are used to provide heat directly which is dubbed direct use of geothermal energy. Ground-source heat pumps In winter, the upper 10 feet of the earth (temperature between 10-16C) is warmer than the air above it. In summer, it is the opposite. Geothermal heat pumps are set up to heat and cool buildings to take advantage of this resource. Geothermal heat pump systems consist of a ground heat exchanger, a heat pump unit, and an air delivery system. The heat exchanger is buried in the shallow ground near the building, and then heat pumps draw heat from the ground.
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Prospect in India It is estimated that India has 10,600 MW of potential in the geothermal provinces, though it still needs to be exploited. Around 6.5 per cent of electricity generation in the world would be done with the help of geothermal energy and India would have to play a bigger role. However, the power generation through geothermal resources is still in nascent stages in India. Geological Survey of India has identified about 340 geothermal hot springs, which are in the low surface temperature range from 37 C-90 C and suitable for direct heat applications. Depending upon the enthalpy of the geothermal fluid at the wellhead, GSI has placed geothermal resources in the following three categories: Although the initial cost to set up a geothermal power plant is costlier than a thermal or nuclear power plant because of exploration costs, geothermal energy has a great potential to be the alternative of fossil fuel and natural gas. Most important, geothermal power plants don’t add worries to the environment.
October 2014
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Green Zone
Biofuel: sustainable, accessible, affordable Considering the fossil-fuel scarcity and global warming, it is clear that biofuel sources must be the way forward
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ropelled by sustained economic growth, fuel security in India is an issue of significance at both the strategic as well as economic levels. Securing access to sufficient, reliable, affordable, and sustainable supplies of fuel is increasingly becoming an important factor for sustainable functioning of the economy. With costs
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of oil and coal rising, and crude imports growing, India is facing a huge energy crisis.
Current scenario in India In March 2014, India consumed around 24.5 crore litre diesel in a single day as published on the Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell. Consumption of petroleum products in 2012-13 was
157.1 million tonnes which is 6.0 per cent higher than the 148.1 million tonnes consumed during 2011-12. In the total consumption of all types of petroleum products in 2012-13, high-speed diesel oil accounted for 43.98 per cent. A further look into the sector enlightened us with the fact that India is the fourth largest consumer and importer of crude oil of which diesel accounts for
Electrical & Power Review
Green Zone almost 44 per cent alone. Total money spent on crude oil in the fiscal year 2012-2013 was ` 8,64,875 crore. More imports lead to huge trade deficit which further leads to weakening of Indian rupee. Meanwhile, conventional fuel media are the major pollutant of air in India. According to 2012 WHO report, New Delhi is the most air polluted city in the world. Not only that, the report puts 15 cities of India in the most air polluted list of cities in the world. Additionally, we don’t really require a mathematician to figure out that if we continue using world’s limited supply of fossil fuels, they will eventually run out. Additionally, the process of drilling to extract oil from the earth can have devastating effects on the environment as can the burning of fossils fuels which is heating up our planet.
The solution We need solutions to make fuel more sustainable, accessible, affordable and compatible in the existing infrastructure. Taking both fossil-fuel scarcity and global warming into consideration, it is clear that biofuel sources must be the way forward.
Advantages of biofuels over fossil fuels Having created a strong case for the use of biofuel, let’s discuss its advantages over fossil fuels. • Renewable. Fossil fuel is nonrenewable and will be out one day. On the other hand, biofuels are made from organic materials and even organic waste; therefore, we won’t run out of it any time soon. This is by far one of the biggest reasons that biofuels are getting more popularity. • Economic security: India is the fourth largest consumer and importer of crude oil, still there is huge gag between the demand and supply. If more people start shifting towards biofuels, the dependence on the imports will decrease and reduce the trade deficit and help in strengthening the rupee. More jobs will be created with a growing
Electrical & Power Review
biofuel industry, which will keep our economy secure. • Lower emissions. One of the biggest disadvantages of fossil fuels is that they emit toxic gasses. These pollutants, called greenhouse gases, trap the sunrays inside our atmosphere. This causes global warming. Biofuels burn cleaner and reduces harmful emissions considerably. • Biodegradable. Biofuels are made out of organic substances, which are biodegradable. These fuels are also less toxic. • Vehicle benefits: Biofuel yields a high level of energy and ensures better mileage and more power. It also has higher lubricating properties which increases engine life.
Trends and opportunities biofuel industry
in
In Government of India is implementing an ethanol-blending programme and considering to form mandates for biodiesel. Due to these strategies, the rising population and the growing energy demand from the transport sector, biofuels can be assured of a significant market in India. In 2008, the government announced ‘National Biofuel Policy’. In this policy, both for bio-diesel and bio-ethanol, an indicative target of 20 per cent blending of biofuels by 2017 is proposed by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). The policy reassures that the market for biofuel will only grow in the coming future.
Biofuel policy in India availability of feedstock
and
In India, biofuels are an alternative energy option due to the availability of feedstock crops. Since the sugar industry is one of India’s largest industries, sugar cane and its processing by-products are available for bioethanol production. On the other hand, biodiesel development in India centres primarily around the cultivation and processing of jatropha plant seeds which are very rich in oil (40 per cent). The Government of India is giving huge incentives for the growth of jatropha plants.
Meanwhile, jatropha is not the only feedstock that can be used to produce biodiesel. In fact, biodiesel can be produced by multiple feedstocks like rapeseed and soyabean oil. Even second generation biofuels can be produced from wastes and residues of oil. This is how My Eco Energy produces biodiesel. My Eco Energy produces biodiesel (Indizel) by waste and residues of edible and non-edible oil. Indizel is at par with the regular diesel and even scores over them in terms of its effect on environment. Use of Indizel reduces carbon emissions by 90-95 per cent, making it an eco-friendly fuel. It is even better than other biofuels because there are no limitations on blending and is seamlessly interchangeable with regular diesel. Use of Indizel doesn’t require any modifications in the engine; therefore, it uses the available infrastructure for a better ride with one’s vehicle.
Government’s role in strengthening biofuel industry India has a biofuel policy in place which proposes 20 per cent blending for both biodiesel and bioethanol by 2017. It also proposes to encourage biodiesel production of non-edible oilseeds on waste, degraded and marginal lands. The biofuel policy also proposes for a minimum support price for the farmers growing non-edible oil seeds for biodiesel production. The policy further speaks about research on biofuel crops, especially in the area of biotechnology by the Ministry of Science and Technology. In the present circumstances, the policy framework to promote biofuel sector seems extremely promising, but the initiatives by the government have not translated into results. Introspection into the possible causes and loopholes in the system needs to be done but there is huge market and hope that the industry would flourish.
Authored by— Santosh Verma, Director, My Eco Energy
October 2014
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Green Zone
Waste-to-wire: electricity from sewage With the rapid urbanisation and increasing population of Indian cities, it becomes paramount to treat the waste generated
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ndia’s newly elected government’s agenda on sanitation and sewage treatment is intent towards improving the socio-economic spheres of our times. Financial schemes from the central government to build sewage treatment plants, river cleaning programmes and providing clean sanitation facility for all are indicators of enterprising solutions which have been embarked by the Narendra ModiReading WWTW digesters
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led government. Sanitation and renewable energy generation A holistic approach at the micro level – sanitation and sewer – can contribute towards a healthy and hygienic society along with minimising our electricity woes. At community levels, a centralised collection and waste treatment from toilets answers not only proper sanitation but if treated scientifically, yields renewable energy as well. Adopting bio-methanation the waste can be effectively treated and the biogas thus produced can either be used as a cooking gas or can power a biogas engine for generating electricity.
At many public toilets across India the biogas-to-power concept is getting implemented. There are success stories scripted for generating electricity from the waste generated at public toilets. Many countries are adopting the concept too. A government’s mandate for energy generation from public toilets shall be notable towards meeting our needs and contributing for sustainability; in the form of waste treatment and renewable energy production. With the rapid urbanisation and increasing population of Indian cities, it becomes paramount to treat the waste generated. The Indian Government’s announcement to develop sewage treatment plant through project funding shall ensure keeping financial challenges
Electrical & Power Review
Green Zone at bay. The Government’s fast track implementation of developing sewer networks and connecting to a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) or wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) at community levels or at a central location shall ensure the implementation of proven ways of sewage collection and disposal. Also, adoption of latest waste treatment technology can be done which serves multi-purpose motives. One such way to treat sewage by achieving multi-prong benefit is anaerobic digestion. The technology transforms sewage treatment into a revenue generation option. Whilst effectively treating the sewage, anaerobic digestion generates a high grade of gaseous fuel – sewage gas. The methane produced can be utilised for generating electricity – renewable energy – through a biogas engine thereby making the sewage treatment plant meet its electricity requirements. Moreover, surplus power generated can be supplied to the grid.
Process Once the sewage is prepared, it is fed into the bio-digester to produce sewage gas. Anaerobic digestion initiates a series of bio-chemical reactions inside the bio-digester in the absence of
oxygen. The breaking down of complex organic chains of molecules into simpler linear chains occurs in four stages: • Hydrolysis • Acidogenesis • Acetogenesis • Methanogensis. Maintaining bio-digester’s temperature range of 30 C to 40 C yields optimum growth of mesophilic bacteria which consumes sewage to generate sewage gas. Efficient use of the generated sewage gas can be done by combusting it in a gas engine. These are reciprocating type, internal combustion engines in which the gaseous fuel is ignited by a spark plug. With high electrical efficiency, longer maintenance schedule and meeting base load demands continuously, the power generation system ensures quick returns on the investments as well. Moreover, using a clean source of energy i.e. gas, low emissions levels are guaranteed. Consuming sewage gas, a gas engine can be configured as a Combined Heat and Power Plant (CHP). Waste heat emanating from the gas engine can be utilised for heating the bio-digester thereby facilitating bacterial growth for Sewage gas engine
Thames Water Beddington CHP
sewage treatment. In the CHP mode, the overall plant efficiency increases significantly. Post treatment of the digestate produces a soil improver which can be utilized for revenue generation.
Massive potential for power from sewage in India At many sites both in India and internationally, Clarke Energy has executed sewage gas based power generation facilities with long term maintenance contracts intact with the developer using GE’s Jenbacher gas engines. However, the sewage gas based power generation plants built are miniscule against the total number of STP’s in India. With shortage in electricity and spiralling electricity tariffs, on-site energy generation through gas engine offsets STP’s operational costs and negates the usage of precious fossil fuels for plant’s heating needs. Guidelines from the government favouring captive power generation using sewage can spur electricity-from-sewage. Benefits from the government through project subsidies, availing renewable energy certificates, eligibility for clean development mechanism, production of a soil improver and sustainability through a sewage gas based power plant encourages us to ‘Think and Act’ on the concept.
Electrical & Power Review
October 2014
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Green Zone
ACME aims 1,000-MW solar power by 2017
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“ACME has set an aim to generate 1,000 MW of solar power by year 2017,” says Manoj Kumar Upadhyay, Chairman, ACME
ndia has about 300 effective sunny days with most parts receiving 4-7 kWh/m2 solar power per day. It shows the potential for solargenerated electricity production in India which is over 2 million MW. The current capacity stands at 2,631 MW which is just 0.1 per cent of potential and can be harnessed. In an interview with EPR, Mr Upadhyay shares his view on solar capacity which will grow fast with current policies and support from central and state government.
ACME in renewable energy sector ACME is India’s one of the leading solar power developers with portfolio of 197.5 MW of solar power plants, out of which 42.5 MW is commissioned successfully and performing at high efficiency. The company has won 100 MW under NSM Phase-2 Batch-1 bidding. ACME has set an aim to generate 1,000 MW of solar power by year 2017.
The cost Solar is a capital intensive business. The cost of developing MW scale is about ` 7.5 - 8.5 crore/MW, based on land cost, transmission line and soil conditions. The cost of power generation is currently at ` 7.0 - 8.0 per unit. There can be significant reduction in tariff if the interest rates are reduced from 12.5-13 per cent to below 10 per cent.
Implementation mechanism
of
RPO
NAPCC targets 15 per cent of the total power purchase to be achieved
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through renewable energy, and JNNSM recommends 3 per cent solar RPO by 2020. However, the State Electricity Regulatory Commission (SERC) has been fixing its own targets depending upon the availability/potential of renewable energy which resulted in huge inconsistency in RPO norms across the states. Renewable energy sector’s growth in India during the last few years has been significant. In order to expedite the capacity addition in the country, ACME recommends following steps on RPO mechanism: • State’s RPO targets to be aligned in-line with the long-term targets specified in NAPCC and JNNSM • Penalty to be imposed on noncompliance • Incentives to be given for overachievement of RPO compliance.
Brighter tomorrow India has witnessed immense growth since JNSSM was launched and solar generation capacity has grown from 17.8 MW in 2010 to the current capacity of 2,631 MW. Even the Annual Budget will bring in increased confidence from private power developers. The ` 1,000-crore aid and 5 per cent concessional duty showcased the increased focus on developing solar power projects and will provide desired impetus to achieve its aim of increasing solar power generation share in the overall electricity generation from existing 1 per cent to 3 per cent.
Electrical & Power Review
Special Report
Smart Electricity: high on the agenda for govt “It is not easy to construct a smart city overnight without light and basic amenities,” says Union Urban Development Minister M Venkaiah Naidu However, he mentioned, “It is not easy to construct a smart city overnight without light and basic amenities.” He has called for greater coordination from all stakeholders.
Union Urban Development Minister M Venkaiah Naidu and Vishnu Agarwal, President, IEEMA
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rime Minister Narendra Modi has envisaged developing 100 smart cities by 2022. However, a city without access to reliable 24x7 power supply cannot be ‘smart’. Therefore, there is a need to create proper transmission and distribution system to ensure uninterrupted supply of electricity. Indian Electrical and Electronics Manufacturers’ Association (IEEMA), during its annual convention held in Mumbai on 22nd September, urged the government to focus on providing 24x7 ‘smart electricity’. Present in the occasion, Union Urban Development Minister M Venkaiah Naidu said, “I would like to see what strength Indian industry has to be able to partner and bring value to 100 smart cities project. Smart electricity management is critical for smart city development”
Electrical & Power Review
Mr Naidu is likely to visit advanced cities like Oklahoma and Seoul to understand their models. “There is an increased interest from other countries like Japan, Singapore to participate in the smart city project,” he adds. He informed that the government will finalise the outline of smart city projects by end-November. Vishnu Agarwal, President, IEEMA, said, “IEEMA is looking ahead to partner with the government on the smart cities project which will go a long way to enhancing quality of urban life, and also the Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana will provide a huge impetus to strengthen the transmission and distribution infrastructure in rural areas.” Smart city projects would entail a huge opportunity for the entire industry across – urban development, power, rural infrastructure development, municipality, hospitals, education opportunities and the entire ecosystem of allied industries. Raj Eswaran, Immediate Past President – IEEMA, “The
CEOs of the industry have a big role to play, in planning and deciding the way forward to respond to this project which will unravel immense opportunities of growth in the coming few years. SMEs will be an integral part and equal partner in this growth mission for the nation.” IEEMA is also engaged with the Power Ministry in developing a Standard Bidding Document both for purchases as well as for EPC contracts. This will provide more equitable and fair contractual relationship. Ministry of Commerce has invited IEEMA to partner with the Ministry’s innovative initiative for creating a ‘Made in India Brand’ for electrical products in overseas markets of relevance. IEEMA has partnered with IEEE, which is a world’s largest engineering society with members in over 160 countries, encompassing the field of electrical, electronics, computer engineering and science and related technologies. Together with IEEE, IEEMA would conduct an event ‘INTELECT’ in January 2015 which will be a technology showcase and conference on future intelligent electricity – connecting to and enabling intelligent and smart business for a smart India.
October 2014
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Interview
We are Indian in India: Schneider Electric
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“The customers appreciate the unique value preposition we bring to them by having highly specified equipment which are reliable and don’t need much maintenance,” says Prabhat Saxena, Director, Oil and Gas Solutions, Schneider Electric India
chneider Electric is a global specialist in energy management, with solutions for power and control, critical power, energy efficiency, automation and renewable energy. In a tête-àtête with Dibyendu RoyChowdhury, Mr Saxena discusses about Schneider Electric’s end-to-end integrated solutions and its ‘Indianisation’.
What are your opinion on the Annual Budget and its impact on the oil and gas sector? I would look at it differently. The oil and gas industry is fairly deregulated and hence the impact is not so much. Whatever the impact the budget has, it is more of the policies that impact the investments. That is also in the upstream investment for exploration and production. When you come to refining that is a fairly closed market and very well regulated.
What kind of policies are you expecting that the government should reform? I would not like to get into policy formulation for the government. We have experts to look for it. What I would say is whatever the policy, we should have a consistent vision and we should plan for at least 5 to 7 years in advance. Just look at it differently — the same policy that we have today has made us one of the biggest refiners in the world.
Schneider Electric is a big name in energy management. How would you put yourself differently than your competitors?
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Schneider Electric is a company that is globally present. We have a wide range of products and solutions oriented towards the oil and gas industry across the world. We are the one amongst the top few in the world who can give competent solutions to manage customers’ energy efficiency better and to make them greener, more reliable, and safer. This is our unique preposition to our customers that we help them reduce their capital expenditure and operational expenditure while committed for complete lifecycle support to their infrastructure.
As far as the Indian market is concerned, where do you see Schneider Electric India in the next 5 years? The customers appreciate the unique value preposition we bring to them by having highly specified equipment which are reliable and don’t need much maintenance. Also, we support our customers 24/7. This is the commitment that they value and in oil and gas industry if your installation comes to a standstill, the cost of restarting comes to couple of crores. Hence, we find that our customers are very happy with us, and more and more are coming to us because they look at the value preposition. The other advantage the customers are finding is that we have a huge manufacturing footprint within the country and we are manufacturing equipment as per the global technology within the country. This gives them the added confidence that we are the player in the Indian market for a long haul.
Electrical & Power Review
Interview You said that you have been manufacturing your equipment in India. However, there are a lot of challenges when it comes to manufacture in India. How do you approach those challenges? We have been in India for a long time with our manufacturing facilities. Hence, we are Indian in India. The factories are manned by Indians with full understanding of the Indian culture, Indian sensitivities as well as the understanding of the government policies. We are 100 per cent Indian when in India, and we don’t really see an issue related to manufacturing.
As far as the equipment is concerned, it has been found that the Indian clients are importing those equipment from China or Korea. What is your opinion on importing cheap products from China or Korea rather than manufacturing in India? It is more about the buyers’ behaviour over here. If it is your money and you want to buy, you will buy the best product at the lowest cost, and this is precisely what comes into industrial buying behaviour as well. So people will always be looking at the prices, the quality of the equipment, the life of the equipment, and the anticipated usage. You have to look at all these factors. We have a small amount of capital available and one has to use the limited amount of capital to get the maximum returns.
What kind of growth Schneider Electric believes in — organic or
inorganic growth? We believe in both organic as well as inorganic growth. We set targets for ourselves, especially for organic growth. We ensure that the targets are delivered. This also ensures the capital efficiency return on the capital in void and full use of our assets and helps us become profitable so we can afford to have an inorganic growth.
Schneider Electric has acquired many organisations compared to other oil and gas companies. Recently you have acquired Invensys? How are you going to tap its profiles into Schneider? Invensys is primarily into distributed control systems, industrial simulation, and industrial chemical engineering for oil and gas process controls, process simulation, and instrumentation for the industry. It is a logical extension of our portfolio. We have been acknowledged as the leader in energy efficiency and electrical distribution. Now we have added one more area — enhancing the productivity and energy efficiency by the use of controlled systems which are widely used in the industry. It has been a very logical extension for our portfolio, and we are very bullish about the synergies it has been generating for us globally.
What is the growth potential for Schneider Electric in the Indian market? There is an immense potential. We have been growing for almost 10 years. We would be growing at same or at
an increase pace in the future both organically and inorganically.
What’s your view on gas-based power in India? It is a very difficult area of policy formulation. We have more demand for gas. We have also set up capital investments based upon the increase gas supply which has not materialised. Hence, these gas-based power generation plants are sitting idle. In India, we cannot afford to have gasbased power generation. I think no country today in the world can afford to have gas-based power generation. You have to look at the short-term importing the gas to use the resources. In the long run, we need more efficient power plants — perhaps coal-based or nuclear power plants will be the ideal.
Do you have any portfolio related to the nuclear power sector? We don’t do much for the nuclear, except for triple modular redundant system which is used for control and safety. These solutions are used throughout the nuclear industry, and oil and gas industry for emergency.
What innovations do you see in the oil and gas segment in India? We look at the business of oil and gas as a global solution, and we have eight solutions available to us globally. Starting from offshore/onshore production, energy management and energy distribution, we have a huge portfolio — all are available to our customers in India.
Schneider Electric unveils new inverters
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chneider Electric India launched two products – Conext CL and Conext XW+ – at the Renewable Energy India (REI) Expo 2014, Greater Noida. Conext CL is a new line of three-phase string inverters, while the new Conext XW+ is the next-generation version of the Conext XW hybrid inverter. Both
Electrical & Power Review
products come from Schneider Electric Solar Business – a global leader in solutions for solar power conversion chain.
Conext CL The Conext CL offers high flexibility, easy installation and service, high ROI, and high reliability.
Conext XW+ The new Conext XW+ is the next-generation version of the Conext XW Hybrid inverter – a hybrid inverter specifically designed for backup power for homes and businesses, residential retrofit of grid-tie solar with backup, residential self-consumption, offgrid homes and businesses, community electrification and micro-grids.
October 2014
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power brand
OMICRON’s new system for highvoltage insulation testing and analysis
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MICRON’s new TANDO 700 is a precise measuring and analysis system for dissipation/power factor (Tan Delta) and capacitance of insulation in high-voltage (HV) equipment. Due to its compact and lightweight design, TANDO 700 can be easily transported for use in many different test areas. The system provides reliable measurement accuracy even in heavy interference environments, including power plants, substations and unscreened test labs.
Flexible testing solution TANDO 700 can be used to measure both grounded and ungrounded test objects, since it can be operated on high-voltage potential. The flexible system is compatible with any type of reference capacitor for testing a variety of high-voltage equipment, including rotating machines (motors and generators), power cables and cable accessories, transformers, bushings, capacitors and circuit breakers.
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TANDO 700 measures currents in a dynamic range from 5 μA to 1 A. The input range can be extended up to 28 A by means of optional external shunts provided by OMICRON.The system’s powerful internal batteries enable long, uninterrupted measurement sessions. The easy-to-use software offers various functions for realtime data display, trend analysis and reporting.
Safe, plug-and-play operation TANDO 700automatically recognizes connected hardware for easy plugand-play setup and operation. Fiber optic connections ensure complete galvanic isolation between the user and the measuring device for superior safety in high-voltage areas.
Early loss detection improves performance The condition of insulation is essential for secure and reliable operation of high-voltage electrical equipment.
Dissipation/power factor (Tan Delta) and capacitance measurements are standard methods for testing overall insulation condition. Differences in electrical losses are often signs of mechanical displacements, the ingress of moisture, partial discharge, aging or degradation in insulation. By detecting these conditions early, corrective action can be taken to improve the performance and reliability of electrical equipment.
Additional measurement parameters In addition to dissipation/power factor and capacitance, TANDO 700 also measures parameters such as power, current, voltage, impedance and frequency. All measurement data is displayed in real time. The modular TANDO 700 system can also be used with OMI-CRON’s MPD 600 system for simultaneous measurement and analysis of partial discharges.
Electrical & Power Review
power brand
Portable appliance testing PAT 420: business in a box
T
he new PAT420 ‘business in a box’ from Megger includes everything an electrical contractor needs to diversify into PAT testing. Any competent person can benefit from this package. It includes comprehensive guides on performing PAT testing, PAT420 Portable Appliance Tester, Powersuite software, protective pouch, adaptor for testing laptop power supplies, combined earth bond, continuity, and insulation test lead with probe and crocodile clip, 13 A extension lead adaptor, PASS labels for tested assets, roll of 1,000 lead storage pouch, laminated quick-start guide for the PAT420 and full user guide for the PAT420 on CD. The PAT testing and marketing guides included are a unique feature of the package. They are designed to assist in setting up, running and growing a
PAT testing business. The guide to PAT testing explains how to perform PAT testing. While remaining simple, it is intended to aid in the detail of how to test and includes identification of the different types of assets that exist and which tests to perform on each type. It also includes the recommended pass or fail criteria from the Code of Practice for In-service Inspection and Testing of Electrical Equipment (published by the IEE) enabling easy identification of a good or faulty asset. A key feature of this guide is that it has been written in a brief, easy-tounderstand style, enabling an easy grasp of PAT testing. It includes some of the legal background and explains that as an experienced electrician, no additional qualification is required. PAT420 has memory storage for 10,000 assets and can download direct to a USB memory stick for reading by PC. It has fully configurable tests with direct access via soft-keys, and a full QWERTY keypad for fast and precise data entry. Push-button operation makes the PAT420 fast and intuitive to use. All test requirements are supported, including Class I and Class II, IEC power leads, extension leads and full triptime tests for portable RCDs. Automatic testing proceeds sequentially through bond,
insulation and operational tests, indicating a pass or fail at each test, with user-selectable PASS/FAIL limits. Should a fail occur, testing is stopped. A quick-test key provides direct access to individual tests for diagnostic purposes. If a repair has been carried out or a suspect result obtained, just the relevant test can be performed so increasing efficiency. Each test is preceded by a selection screen where the test parameters can be chosen. A selection of test leads are supplied, including a combined earth bond, continuity, and insulation test lead, an extension lead adaptor, and a special adaptor that makes it possible to test most laptop power supplies and leads. Other options for the PAT420 include barcode asset identification with the optional scanner and label printer. Thermal-transfer labels provide permanent, resilient and robust labels for locally identifying asset numbers and re-test dates. A USB barcode scanner speeds testing by the elimination of having to type asset numbers into the PAT, enabling direct scanning, data entry and recognition. For further details log on to www. megger.com and mail to india.sales@ megger.com or call +91-22-26740468
Smart switcher for smart meters
T
exas Instruments (TI) introduced a 700-V switcher with quiescent current of less than 100 uA. The UCC28880 controller integrates a 700-V power MOSFET and high-voltage current source, increasing overall energy efficiency of “always-on” non-isolated power systems with output currents up to 100 mA, such as smart meters,
Electrical & Power Review
home automation equipment and white goods.
Key features and benefits • Industry’s lowest power consumption • Reduces application size and overall system cost • Excellent system performance under excessive currents • Thermal protection
• Increased creepage and clearance. An offline, AC/DC reference design based on the UCC28880 (PMP8550) enables designers to quickly design a low-cost, low-power non-isolated highside buck converter with a total solution size of 38 mm by 32 mm by 22 mm that supports 13 V, while generating up to 100 mA of output current.
October 2014
45
power brand
GE launches advanced motor protection system
G
E has recently launched MultilinTM 869 Motor Protection System designed for the protection, control and management of medium and large induction and synchronous motors. The Multilin 869 joins the Multilin 850 feeder protection system to create a common product platform that will enable industrial and distribution utilities to enhance the reliability of multiple different assets in their electrical infrastructure and reduce costs associated with unplanned outages.
As part of the Multilin 8 Series platform family, originally announced in September 2013, the Multilin 869 delivers high-speed protection and control features and easy-to-use tools for faster motor configuration and startup helping operators get the Multilin 869 configured quickly. The system also generates motor functioning reports which facilitate quick and easy identification of potential motor issues and any needed corrective action to help operators minimise motor failures and limit unplanned downtime. Should a failure occur, the Multilin 869 also provides enhanced motor failuremode analysis through broken rotor bar detection and stator turn-turn fault enabling operators to quickly identify a repair plan.
The 8 Series platform delivers: • Detailed asset diagnostics so operators can make informed, proactive decisions to reduce unplanned outages and accurately plan maintenance schedules. Using
GE’s environmental awareness module to actively monitor both the environment and its own internal components, the 8 Series generates data that operators can use to make decisions about when maintenance or downtime should be scheduled, increasing operational uptime. The standard harsh conformal coating on the 8 Series’ printed circuit boards helps protect against environmental factors to help deliver higher reliability and extend product life. • An integrated integrity engine that utilises customised algorithms which provide advanced diagnostics to ensure asset protection is not compromised. Coupled with the latest cyber security features, customers can comply with the latest NERC/CIP and NISTIR 7628 cyber security requirements. • Advanced communications to allow easy integration into process and electrical control systems for smoother asset monitoring and control.
KEPL launches indigenously-developed next-genAPI steam turbine
K
EPL has announced the launch of India’s first indigenouslydeveloped next generation API steam turbine ‘K-Tur’. KEPL is the first Indian company to develop the steam turbines in compliance with the American Petroleum Institute (API 611) specifications. KEPL is a part of the Kirloskar Brothers, an engineering conglomerate and an Indian MNC. Speaking at the occasion, Sanjay Kirloskar, Chairman & Managing Director, Kirloskar Brothers Limited (KBL), said, “The next-generation steam turbine is an effective alternative to imported
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October 2014
ones. While the Indian industry is reeling under the pressure of abiding by the Past Track Record clause, KEPL is the first Indian company to have developed the breakthrough technology and that too, as per international specifications. “ Aseem Srivastav, Managing Director, KEPL said, “The launch of “K-Tur” steam turbine is a major milestone for KEPL and is the testament of our commitment to deliver indigenous technology solutions.” K-Tur is among the most efficient singlestage turbines with a wide spectrum of interesting features such as Steam
Shields, Blade-tip Seals and Reusable Bearing Liners. The steam turbine uses Profile blading, which helps in reducing the windage losses, thus improving its efficiency. K-Tur machine also has the facility of installing mechanical seals instead of the normal carbon rings. Currently, the K-Tur turbine is available in two frames. The first one (KT-B) is for the power requirements up to 1 MW and the second frame (KT-D) is for the power requirements up to 3 MW. The K-Tur Drive Turbines are also available in Condensing and Back Pressure Configuration.
Electrical & Power Review
PEOPLE Vishnu Agarwal appointed IEEMA President Vishnu Agarwal appointed as the President of the Indian Electrical & Electronics Manufacturer’s Association effective September 22. An electrical engineer by training, Mr Agarwal graduated from IIT Kanpur’s second batch of B. Tech. Engineers in 1966 and started Technical Associates Ltd. in Lucknow in 1969. He has been active in several forums related to industry and academia and has served earlier as President of the IIT Kanpur Alumni Association, President of the Indian Transformer Manufacturers’ Association, and a member of CII’s Northern Region initiatives.
Tata Technologies promotes Warren Harris to CEO Tata Technologies promoted Warren Harris to CEO and Managing Director effective September 9. Harris, formerly the company’s President and COO, succeeds the retiring Patrick McGoldrick, who spent over 20 years leading the global engineering services and product development company. During his 26-year tenure with the company, Harris’ responsibilities have ranged from engineer to technical management in multiple geographies around the world. As President and COO, a position he held since 2005, Harris was responsible for the company’s day-to-day operations globally, including accelerating revenue growth and delivering value to customers.
Vikas Chadha appointed as MD for Honeywell Automation India Honeywell Process Solutions has announced that Vikas Chadha has been appointed as Managing Director for Honeywell Automation India Ltd. (HAIL), and India country leader for Honeywell Process Solutions (HPS), a Honeywell business that supplies automation control, instrumentation and services to process manufacturers in industries such as oil and gas, refining, pulp and paper, petrochemicals, and metals, minerals and mining. In this role, Mr Chadha is responsible for strategically leading the various divisions of HAIL for continued growth in the region, and strengthening the brand and its equity with customers and other key stakeholders. He will also provide strategic direction and operational leadership to the HPS India business.
Electrical & Power Review
October 2014
47
Trade Zone
t o psh
a n S et
k r a M
IEX & PXIL Price and Volume Day Ahead Market-Augâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;14 Delivery day
"IEX Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"PXIL Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"IEX MCV (MWh)"
"PXIL MCV (MWh)"
Delivery day
"IEX Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"PXIL Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"IEX MCV (MWh)"
"PXIL MCV (MWh)"
1st August
3.51
3.40
70,439
448
16th August
3.31
2.96
65,563
1,428
2nd August
4.12
3.52
71,919
722
17th August
2.78
2.44
73,272
1,392
3rd August
3.81
3.77
75,894
814
18th August
3.72
2.18
76,869
1,320
4th August
4.08
3.83
79,103
619
19th August
4.00
3.05
80,933
1,002
5th August
3.90
3.69
86,559
635
20th August
4.98
3.73
64,351
692
6th August
3.84
3.57
82,534
909
21st August
5.32
4.47
71,836
733
7th August
3.77
3.72
78,244
552
22nd August
5.53
4.50
74,634
450
8th August
3.61
3.61
75,756
888
23rd August
6.22
5.28
72,482
355
9th August
3.80
3.47
71,729
1,038
24th August
6.32
5.87
82,794
1,200
10th August
3.09
3.50
71,727
981
25th August
6.91
6.20
86,656
400
11th August
3.63
3.12
80,159
968
26th August
7.10
6.86
99,959
400
12th August
3.62
3.18
91,963
1,421
27th August
5.41
4.92
89,935
88
13th August
3.96
3.28
89,208
1,052
14th August
4.05
3.43
91,681
981
15th August
2.89
3.29
67,780
1,456
28th August
5.29
5.01
90,568
400
29th August
5.47
5.63
99,795
410
30th August
5.81
5.31
92,958
1,210
31st August
5.50
5.28
88,609
1,213
IEX & PXIL Price & Volume in Day Ahead Market-Aug'14 Volume (MWh)
IEX MCV (MWh)
PXIL MCV (MWh)
IEX Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)
PXIL Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)
120,000
Price (Rs/KWh) 8.00 7.00
100,000
6.00 80,000
5.00
60,000
4.00 3.00
40,000
2.00 20,000
1.00 0.00
-
1st August 4th August 7th August
10th August
13th August
16th August Day
19th August
22nd August
25th August
28th August
31st August
Source: IEX
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October 2014
Electrical & Power Review
Trade Zone
IEX Non-solar REC Trade Details Month
Buy Bid
Sale Bid
Cleared Volume
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
Month
Buy Bid
Sale Bid
Cleared Volume
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
Apr'11
260
4,046
260
1,500
Dec'12
173,644
855,784
173,644
1,500
May'11
14,002
15,143
14,002
1,500
Jan'13
190,875
1,371,503
190,875
1,500
Jun'11
72,002
21,331
15,902
1,505
Feb'13
48,093
1,526,114
48,093
1,500
Jul'11
81,493
34,976
14,668
1,555
Mar'13
307,260
1,308,044
307,260
1,500
Aug'11
145,204
49,897
22,096
1,800
Apr'13
10,670
1,221,579
10,670
1,500
Sep'11
196,159
76,026
41,385
2,300
May'13
18,543
1,280,605
18,543
1,500
Oct'11
201,532
135,424
92,303
2,700
Jun'13
36,147
1,401,048
36,147
1,500
Nov'11
257,578
155,917
96,154
2,900
Jul'13
72,321
1,676,875
72,321
1,500
Dec'11
264,093
166,000
105,942
2,950
Aug'13
31,101
1,872,449
31,101
1,500
Jan'12
414,387
186,610
165,460
3,051
Sep'13
38,195
2,325,171
38,195
1,500
Feb'12
360,330
215,157
190,482
3,066
Oct'13
98,921
2,447,684
98,921
1,500
Mar'12
272,366
223,907
190,354
2,900
Nov'13
97,743
2,760,452
97,743
1,500
Apr'12
237,100
105,844
62,277
2,201
Dec'13
250,722
2,712,444
250,722
1,500
May'12
339,882
246,501
153,125
2,402
Jan'14
78,955
2,557,666
78,955
1,500
Jun'12
313,973
330,371
223,164
2,402
Feb'14
176,107
2,015,377
176,107
1,500
Jul'12
149,628
435,348
147,369
2,000
Mar'14
361,842
2,893,896
361,842
1,500
Aug'12
248,168
568,097
248,168
1,500
Apr'14
16,798
2,924,976
16,798
1,500
Sep'12
239,364
664,641
239,364
1,500
May'14
16,142
3,615,695
16,142
1,500
Oct'12
132,231
851,177
132,231
1,500
June'14
50,743
3,166,863
50,743
1,500
Nov'12
54,976
921,376
54,976
1,500
July'14
13,609
4,241,244
13,609
1,500
Aug'14
15,736
3,949,016
15,736
1,500
IEX Non-solar REC Trade Details Sale Bid
Cleared Volume
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
2,000,000
3,500
1,600,000
2,800
1,200,000
2,100
800,000
1,400
400,000
700 0 Apr'11 May'11 Jun'11 Jul'11 Aug'11 Sep'11 Oct'11 Nov'11 Dec'11 Jan'12 Feb'12 Mar'12 Apr'12 May'12 Jun'12 Jul'12 Aug'12 Sep'12 Oct'12 Nov'12 Dec'12 Jan'13 Feb'13 Mar'13 Apr'13 May'13 Jun'13 Jul'13 Aug'13 Sep'13 Oct'13 Nov'13 Dec'13 Jan'14 Feb'14 Mar'14 Apr'14 May'14 June'14 July'14 Aug'14
0
Cleared Price (Rs./REC)
No. of REC
Buy Bid
Source: IEX
Electrical & Power Review
October 2014
49
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Anniversary
November 2014
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