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Literature Review Literature reveals that smart cities have become a progressively more important area of research. These cities play a fundamental role in driving economic growth, innovation and creativity. Unfortunately, cities are faced with numerous challenges, including environmental pollution, poor governance, globalization, climate change and economic crises (Doheim, Farag, & Badawi, 2019). Adopting a smart city approach, which embraces proper governance, could resolve most of these problems. Proper governance is a huge driving factor for the growth and sustainability of major cities across the world. Some of the key concepts of smart governance include effective communication, appropriate resource utilization, effective leadership, and use of technology in governance. The SmartCitiesWorld news team (2021) noted that London, Seoul, Barcelona and Singapore, which rank highest in development and innovation, have embraced most of the smart city governance concepts. Digital infrastructure Gohari, Ahlers, Nielsen and Junker (2020) noted that to achieve sustainability, governance of smart cities must be interactive. Smart city teams cannot achieve development, growth and sustainability independently of the needs, aspirations, needs and interests of citizens and stakeholders. Therefore, innovators must incorporate emergent technologies in urbanization projects to achieve smart governance and enhance interactions. Barcelona, Singapore and Seoul have implemented mechanisms to promote governance through technology and bring the entire city population along their digitization drive. In London, for instance, innovators have used emergent technologies to connect leaders, innovators, stakeholders and the city population, thus, creating a cohesive block determined to achieve a common goal. Singapore, on the other hand, utilizes a comprehensive approach whereby smart people are actively engaged in policymaking
