2020 Education & Research Fund Annual Report

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2020 2020

A n n u a ll R e p o rr tt A n n u a R e p o Annual Report

AAPM Education & Research Fund

Annual Report 2020 T

he AAPM Education & Research (E&R) Fund, established in 1990, supports the development of our vital medical physics profession by funding strategic education and research programs and awards.

Research support includes seed grants for early-career researchers, a mentorship program, and travel grants. It also recognizes exceptional research through funding best paper awards for our AAPM journals.

Education support includes matching grants for clinical residency programs, fellowships for graduate students, and travel and tuition awards. It also funds an innovation in education award and distinguished lectureships.

Of great significance the Fund is used to attract undergraduates to medical physics and to promote diversity by supporting the Summer Undergraduate Fellowship Program (SUFP) and the Diversity Recruitment through Education and Mentoring (DREAM) Program.

The Education & Research Fund receives its revenues primarily from member donations, donations from our local chapters and related organizations, and the transfer of funds from the AAPM operations budget. As always, AAPM is extremely grateful for these generous gifts.

Member donations, which are an essential component and provide the catalyst for other revenue sources, contribute to multiple purposed funds in the E&R Fund’s portfolio of funds, many being named or memorial funds. In 2020, the AAPM E&R Fund supported approximately $360,000 in programs and awards.

In this report, recipients of the following grants, fellowships, and awards funded by the E&R Fund in 2020 will be recognized:

• Research Seed Grants Science Council, through its Research Committee, was funded $75,000 from the AAPM operations budget to support three $25,000 research seed grants for new researchers in medical physics.

• ASTRO-AAPM Physics Resident/ Post-Doctoral Fellow Seed Grant In 2020, American Society of Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) and AAPM jointly awarded a $25,000 grant to a radiation oncology physics resident to support an early career scientist involved in advancing radiation oncology through physics-related research • Imaging Physics Residency Program Grants In 2017, the AAPM Board of Directors approved $140,000 in funding for two new imaging physics residency positions, either in diagnostic, diagnostic with a nuclear medicine option, or nuclear medicine. Two institutions with such programs, selected in 2018 for funding in July 2019 and 2020, are receiving $35,000 each for the second of two years as matching support for one resident.

To extend that program, AAPM Board of Directors approved $420,000 and the Radiological Society of North America provided $210,000 to support together nine two-year residencies in imaging physics. Awarded in 2020, each of two programs will receive $35,000 per year in matching funds for one resident commencing in 2021.

• Graduate Fellowships in Medical Physics Earnings from the E&R Fund funded $36,000 to support the first of two years for the fellow selected for the 2019-2021 RSNA AAPM Graduate Fellowship in medical physics and the second of two years for the fellow selected for the 2018-2020 AAPM Graduate Fellowship in medical physics.

• Summer Undergraduate and DREAM Fellowships Education Council, through its Education & Training of Medical Physicists Committee (ETC), was funded $88,000 to support 16 undergraduate fellowships in the Summer Undergraduate Fellowship Program (SUFP) and another $22,000 to support four undergraduate fellowships in the Diversity Recruitment Through Education and Mentoring (DREAM) Program. One additional fellowship for each program was funded by the AAPM Northwest Chapter.

• Journal Publication Awards Endowed funds supported the 2020 annual Medical Physics awards for best papers in 2019 in the areas of radiation therapy and imaging, the Farrington Daniels Award and the Moses and Sylvia Greenfield Award, respectively. Endowed funds also supported the 2020 annual Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics awards for Outstanding Articles in 2019 in four areas of medical physics in honor of its editors to date, Michael D. Mills, Peter R. Almond, George Starkschall, and Edwin C. McCullough.

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AAPM Education & Research Fund, cont.

• Distinguished Lectureships Our annual AAPM Spring Clinical Meeting benefitted from an endowed fund that supports annually the Carson/Zagzebski Distinguished Lecture on Medical Ultrasound. The Anne and Donald Herbert Distinguished Lectureship in Modern Statistical Modeling was not conducted in 2020 due to limitations of the summer Annual Meeting being virtual.

• Annual Meeting Awards Earnings from the E&R Fund funded the Jack Fowler Junior Investigator Award, the Jack Krohmer Junior Investigator Award, and the John R. Cameron-John R. Cunningham Young Investigators Symposium awards at our 2020 AAPM Annual

Meeting. The Award for Innovation in Medical Physics Education was not awarded in 2020 due to limitations of the summer Annual Meeting being virtual.

• Other Awards Other awards aimed at cultivating junior medical physics researchers and at providing medical physics education include (1) the AAPM Expanding Horizons Travel Grants, (2) the AAPM Science Council Associates Mentorship Program, (3) AAPM Summer School Tuition Scholarships, and (4) the TeamBest/ AAPM Travel Awards. Only the first of the four was able to be awarded in 2020 due to limitations resulting from COVID-19.

2020 AAPM E&R Expenditures Total = $364,958

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The benevolence of our members, chapters, and related societies is greatly appreciated, without which these programs and awards would not be possible. The pages to follow detail 2020 award recipients and testimonials, which demonstrate the enormous value the recipients place on this support. As you read the reports, consider how these programs impact our medical physics profession by attracting bright, young people into our profession, encouraging development of quality graduate and resident medical physics education programs, helping develop outstanding research scientists, and recognizing outstanding research and education accomplishments of many, all starting with your contributions to our AAPM E&R Fund.

2020 Review

| Grants & Fellowships

Bruno Barufaldi, PhD, Associate Researcher University of Pennsylvania | Department of Radiology “A task-dependent deep-learning method to estimate the personal risk of masking cancers in breast imaging” Breast density has been consistently associated with the likelihood of cancers being obscured in breast images. We propose to evaluate the risk of masking and to assess the benefit of breast imaging on an individual basis using task-dependent methods that were originally developed to conduct virtual clinical trials (VCTs). Our hypothesis is that nonlinear task-dependent deep-learning methods can identify women at risk of masking. We will use our methods to triage women to the most suitable screening modality, thereby reducing the number of false negatives in screening, and reducing the necessity of supplemental screening. In this grant, we will test the hypothesis that the risk of masking lesions is significantly different in synthetic digital mammography than either digital mammography or digital breast tomosynthesis. Breast density estimates will be used to develop baseline models for assessing the risk of masking. We will estimate a detectability index to estimate the likelihood that an image is prone to masking cancers. We will test our hypothesis using images collected from interval cancers (found clinically or cancers detected by supplemental imaging). The AAPM Research Seed Funding Grant is valuable towards reaching my career goal of leading my own radiology research laboratory.

The Research Seed Funding Grant Three $25,000 grants were awarded to provide funds to develop exciting investigator-initiated concepts, which will hopefully lead to successful longer term project funding from the NIH or equivalent funding sources.

Funding for the 12-month grant period began July 2020. Research results are submitted for presentation at future AAPM meetings.

Sponsored by the AAPM Science Council through the AAPM Education & Research Fund. (See AAPM website for more details, including eligibility requirements.)

Tom Hrinivich, PhD, Medical Physics Resident Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine | Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences “Artificial intelligence-based decision support to improve the reproducibility of metastasis-directed therapy for oligometastatic prostate cancer” Metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) for oligometastatic prostate cancer (OMPC) can improve clinical outcomes; however, prostatespecific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted PET/CT-based stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) planning for MDT is complex and currently depends on subjective image interpretation. The variability of this process is unknown, and biological information provided by PET/CT is not fully utilized. Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated effectiveness in complex decision-making, which our group has recently applied to radiotherapy planning. We hypothesize that the development of an AI and PET/CT-based decision support system for radiotherapy will improve the reproducibility of PET/CT-guided MDT for OMPC. To this end, we are developing rapid SABR plan prediction based on PSMA-PET/ CT and reinforcement learning, evaluating the sensitivity of predictions to input image variations, and measuring the impact of predictions on the reproducibility of physician dose objectives. This funding will enable the generation of critical preliminary data for continued research to improve MDT for OMPC.

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Grants & Fellowships, cont.

Yi Lao, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow University of California - Los Angeles | Department of Radiation Oncology “Voxel-wise GBM recurrence prediction on post-operative multiparametric MRI via integrated primary tumor and stem cell niche proximity estimation: novel quantitative imaging analysis to improve personalized dosimetric planning” Brain glioblastoma (GBM) is highly recurrent despite the maximal safe surgical resection. This project aims to provide localized GBM recurrence prediction for accurate and timely radiation treatment (RT) planning. To comprehensively profiling regional recurrence risk, the proposal zooms into two main sources of recurrence: peritumoral infiltration and stem cell niche (SCN) migration. On clinical MRI, the GBM localization will be consecutively narrowed down by integrated proximity estimation to SCN and the primary tumor, and voxel-wise machine-learning based classification. The proposed method will be easily implemented as an add-on to current clinical practice without additional imaging scans. Once succeeded, the derived voxel-wise prediction may serve as a target volume for refined dosimetric planning that maximally includes invisible infiltrative cancer cells in the recurrent treatment at an earlier time point to delay cancer progression. The success of this research will allow us a margin in time and facilitate personalized RT planning. This seed grant award from AAPM supports my preliminary work on algorithm development and testing, as well as expanding the developed models to a larger cohort. I am hopeful that this experience will prepare me for future grant applications and toward a career as an independent researcher in the field.

ASTRO-AAPM Physics Resident/Post-Doctoral Fellow Seed Grant:

Lydia J. Wilson, PhD, Postdoctoral Research Associate

One $25,000 grant was jointly awarded by AAPM and the American Society of Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) with the goal of advancing the field of radiation oncology in novel ways through the support of early-career scientists involved in radiation oncology physics-related research.

“Generalization of image-based data mining methods for analyzing pediatric patient data” Advanced radiation therapy techniques contribute to enabling 85% of children with cancer to survive five years or more, most of whom become long-term survivors.

Unfortunately, radiation is associated with toxicities that leave most survivors at high risk for side effects. Our collaborators at the University of Manchester recently developed a novel voxel-based method for identifying the functional subunits driving radiation toxicities, known as image-based data mining (IBDM).

The applicability of IBDM to data from children, however, was unclear because of their wide anatomic variability. This research proposed to generalize and test IBDM for pediatric applications. We achieved this via two specific aims that (1) tested the generalized IBDM’s sensitivity to anatomic variations and (2) assessed its efficacy by employing it to analyze the association between real-world cranial dose distributions and the incidence of vascular changes and cognitive deficits in a cohort of children with primary brain tumors. This seed funding allowed me to purchase a dedicated server to support the collaboration and complete training for a certificate in data mining. Preliminary data suggest IBDM can be used to interpret data from children. This research opportunity has enabled me to gain the technical and soft skills that will facilitate my pursuit of an academic faculty position and prepare the preliminary data for a career-development grant that will support my transition to independence.

Sponsored by the AAPM Science Council through the AAPM Education & Research Fund and the American Society of Radiation Oncology (ASTRO). (See AAPM website for more details, including eligibility requirements.)

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St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital | Department of Radiation Oncology

Grants & Fellowships, cont.

AAPM/RSNA Imaging Physics Residency Grants The AAPM Board of Directors approved $420,000 in support over six years ($70,000/year starting in 2020) to fund six positions in existing or new imaging physics residency programs, and in support, the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Board of Directors approved $210,000 for an additional three positions. The intent of these funds is that after the period of the award is over, the awardee institution(s) will continue to fully support these imaging physics residency positions. With this funding, the awardee’s institution(s) will receive $35,000 per year for two years as matching support (50/50) for one imaging physics resident.

This provides matching funds for nine imaging physics residents over the next six years. (See AAPM web site for more details.)

AAPM Imaging Physics Residency Grants On November 29, 2017, the AAPM Board of Directors approved $140,000 in funding for two new imaging physics residency positions in diagnostic radiology, diagnostic radiology with a nuclear medicine option, or nuclear medicine. With funding commencing July 2019, two institutions will receive $35,000 each per year for two years as matching support for one resident. Selected in 2018, these two program director recipients received second-year funding in 2020.

Frederic H. Fahey, DSc Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School | Diagnostic and Nuclear Medical Physics Residency Program

Two institutions received $35,000 each per year for two years as matching support for one resident. Selected in 2019, these two program director recipients received first-year funding in 2020.

Yogesh Thakur, PhD Vancouver Coastal Health Authority | Medical Physics Residency in Medical Imaging and Nuclear Medicine

David Lloyd Goff, PhD Medical & Radiation Physics, Inc. | Imaging Physics Residency Program

David Hintenlang, PhD Ohio State University | Medical Physics Residency Program

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Graduate Student Fellowships

The AAPM Graduate Fellowship and AAPM/ RSNA Graduate Fellowship The AAPM Graduate Fellowship and AAPM RSNA Graduate Fellowship are awarded in alternating years. Each Fellowship is awarded for the first two years of graduate study leading to a doctoral degree in Medical Physics (PhD or DMP). Both BSc and MS degree holders are eligible to apply. A stipend of $13,000 per year, plus tuition support not exceeding $5,000 per year, is assigned to the recipient.

Sponsored by the AAPM Education & Research General Fund. (See AAPM website for more details, including eligibility requirements.)

AAPM Graduate Fellowship (2020–2022) Daniela Olivera Velarde University of Chicago My goal as a physicist is to create a better world through science. For me, a better world is one in which hearing the word cancer does not overwhelm a patient with fear; a world in which cancer patients do not have to experience the extreme hair loss and pain due to treatment I saw my grandma go through before losing her battle against cancer. For this reason, I decided to pursue a PhD in medical physics.

As a medical physicist, I want to work on improving the treatment of cancer, making it more efficient while reducing the side effects and risks. Working in this field will not only allow me to use experimental and theoretical approaches in finding better ways to treat cancer, but it will also allow me to implement them as part of a healthcare team, which is the human part of physics that I missed in my undergrad nuclear physics work. In the first year of my fellowship, I will be involved with the development, manufacturing, and testing of implantable resonators (ImR). The goal of this work is to enhance the capabilities of oximetry techniques to achieve a clinically applicable method to obtain repeated dependable measurements of tissue oxygen in multiple locations of tumors and adjacent tissues for clinical decision-making. The AAPM Graduate Fellowship will enhance my research experience by enabling me to share my work with a larger audience and to connect with well-known and respected people in the field.

AAPM/RSNA Graduate Fellowship (2019–2021) Hadley Smith University of Chicago During my first year at the University of Chicago, I completed classes on the physics of radiation therapy and medical imaging, as well as classes on basic principles: interactions of ionizing radiation with matter and mathematics for medical physics. I also rotated through the research laboratories of Dr. Howard Halpern and Dr. Maryellen Giger. During these research rotations, I worked on projects about predicting survival with geometric features of hypoxia in mouse tumors and predicting malignancy of thyroid lesions with radiomics to prevent unnecessary surgery. I presented a poster on my hypoxia research at the virtual 2020 AAPM annual meeting. Starting my second year at the University of Chicago, I am now working with Dr. Patrick La Riviere on developing reconstruction algorithms and new imaging geometries for X-ray fluorescence computed tomography. This technique can be used to image the spatial distribution of trace metals. With my research, I hope to improve clinical capabilities in imaging metals used for targeted and enhanced radiotherapy. The AAPM/RSNA Graduate Fellowship has given me freedom and opportunity to pursue my research interest in computational imaging.

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Summer Undergraduate Fellowship P rogram (SUFP)

Mena N. Bushra Middle Tennessee State University | Senior, Physics Mentor: Michalis Aristophanous, PhD Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Department of Medical Physics “Automatic Segmentation and Tracking of Metastatic Brain Lesions” This summer, I had the privilege of working on a medical physics project with Dr. Michalis Aristophanous at Memorial Sloan Kettering. This was the perfect experience for me as I had the opportunity to work on both the clinical and research sides of medical physics. My project was part of a larger project on automatic segmentation and tracking of metastatic brain lesions.

I worked on creating image registrations for patients with multiple courses of treatment and implementing a systematic timeline of patient imaging that is used as a preliminary to the auto-segmentation software. Despite this being a virtual experience due to COVID-19, this fellowship experience exceeded my expectations. I gained invaluable insight into the field of medical physics by working closely with my mentor, attending weekly meetings with faculty from across the department, and learning to use software that is used by medical physicists around the world. Thanks to AAPM, I am looking forward to applying to graduate programs being confident that I want to pursue a career in this field.

Roberto Fedrigo University of British Columbia | Senior, Honours Biophysics Mentor: Qing Liang, PhD Actinium Pharmaceuticals Radiation Sciences “Dosimetric Prediction for SIERRA: Machine LearningAssisted Analysis of a Phase III Clinical Trial” I had the privilege to perform nuclear medicine dosimetry with Dr. Qing Liang at Actinium Pharmaceuticals. I was extremely excited to join such a motivated and inspiring company, which seeks to deliver life-saving therapies to treat cancer. During my fellowship, I observed the role of a clinical medical physicist, learning not only about the daily workflows, but also the careful decision-making, which is essential to the role. I worked on personalizing a phase III clinical trial for relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Using artificial intelligence and nuclear medicine imaging, I was able to determine the ideal radiopharmaceutical dose on a patient-specific basis.

This aims to personalize radioimmunotherapy in order to dramatically improve patient survival rate. Receiving the AAPM Fellowship has transformed my university research experience and my future aspirations within medical physics. By working at the unique intersection of clinical trials and artificial intelligence, I feel equipped to continue researching dosimetry in the future. The AAPM Fellowship has facilitated me to establish new meaningful connections in nuclear medicine from a unique research perspective.

The Summer Undergraduate Fellowship Program (SUFP) The Summer Undergraduate Fellowship Program is a 10-week (40 hours per week) summer program designed to provide opportunities for undergraduate university students to gain experience in medical physics by performing research in a medical physics laboratory or assisting with clinical service at a clinical facility.

The mentor and fellow determine the exact 10-week schedule (MaySeptember). In this program, AAPM matches exceptional students with exceptional medical physicists, many who are faculty at leading research centers. Students participating in the program are placed into summer positions that are consistent with their interest. Selected for the program on a competitive basis, summer fellows receive a $5,500 stipend from AAPM. Sponsored by the AAPM Education Council through the AAPM Education & Research Fund with additional fellowship provided by the AAPM Northwest Chapter. (See AAPM website for more details, including eligibility requirements.)

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Summer Undergraduate Fellowship P rogram, cont.

Helena Frisbie-Firsching Haverford College | Senior, Physics Mentor: Sandra Meyers, PhD University of California, San Diego School of Medicine Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences “Radiation Dose to OARs : Ovoid vs. Ring Applicators” I was extremely fortunate to have had the opportunity to be involved with research under Dr. Sandra Meyers of UC San Diego this summer. I learned about brachytherapy and how it is used in the treatment of cervical cancer. The research I was involved in uses knowledge based methods to develop models which predict patient-specific radiation dose to organs at risk. In my contribution to the project, I used these models to compare two applicators commonly used for gynecological brachytherapy, the tandem and ovoid and tandem and ring models. This experience helped solidify my intentions to pursue medical physics for graduate school and as a career. Having the additional opportunity to virtually attend the 2020 Joint AAPM/COMP Meeting truly expanded my perspective of everything medical physics can do and the profound impact that work in this field can make. I am very grateful to AAPM for affording me this opportunity to connect with and learn from my invaluable mentors at UC San Diego, expand my understanding of medical physics, and inform my plans for the future.

Kevin Guo Stanford University | Junior, Computer Science Mentor: Nataliya Kovalchuk, PhD Stanford University Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology “Creating Automated Plan Check (APC) Tool for Brachytherapy Plan” The project was to design and implement automated plan checking tools with API-based programming or scripting in clinical brachytherapy TPS (BrachyVision) for the performance of safety checks. The Automated Plan Check (APC) tool using Eclipse Scripting Application Programming Interface (ESAPI) was successfully developed and implemented for External Beam Radiotherapy. Since APC’s launch on January 1, 2018, the average frequency of STARreported treatment-planning errors was reduced from 16.1% to 4.1% for the 3 quarters pre- and post-APC. Encouraged by the APC’s success in external beam radiotherapy, we

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aimed to further expand the script capabilities to create a separate module for brachytherapy plan checks. This project has been a great way for me personally to learn more about ESAPI API, scripting in C#, and the broader field of medical physics. Overall, I feel more confident in programming and a future of software engineering applicable to the clinic.

Duncan Xavier Haddock Pacific Lutheran University | Junior, Physics/Chemistry Mentor: Wensha Yang, PhD University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology “Predicting GBM recurrence post chemo-radiation with artificial intelligence” We employed the use of QA software such as PerFRACTION to test safe dosage calculations on glioblastoma (GBM) scans from different MRI and CT images. Following that, we made use of artificial intelligence software to analyze the effects of chemo-radiation on these GBM’s, and programmed the AI to calculate potential recurrences of GBM post treatment. We found, using our QA software, that most recurrences could be safely treated several months post chemo-radiation without significant effect, but further testing was needed by the time I had left the project. The fellowship showed me the techniques used by modern physicists in the medical field, and pushed my understanding of multidisciplinary research into new realms.

Mimi (Xinyi) Li Carnegie Mellon University | Senior, Mechanical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Mentor: Åse M. BallangrudPopovic, PhD Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Department of Medical Physics “Developing Dose Limit Guidance on Reirradiation for Recurrent Brain Tumors” I had a great experience working with Dr. Åse BallangrudPopovic at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center this summer! My project was focused on collecting and analyzing brain radiation necrosis data to develop a method for determining reirradiation dose limits. Currently as systemic therapies improve, there have been a lack of data and guidance on reirradiation dose limits due to the increasing number of patients living longer and receiving

Summer Undergraduate Fellowship P rogram, cont.

multiple courses of radiation treatment. So, my project was an amazing opportunity to be able to take part in a concerted effort towards a developing research problem.

I was able to grow familiar with employing registrationbased dose summation workflows, as well as evaluating quantitative Dose Volume Histogram metrics to help develop a dosage threshold for reirradiation brain cases. Although the summer program was virtual, the virtual team meetings, as well as seminars I attended, provided ample information on the day to day experiences of a medical physicist. The combination of research, as well as its clinical application that I encountered throughout this program, have given me confidence that I want a pursue a future in this field.

Luke Lussier St. Mary’s University | Senior, Biophysics Mentor: Minsun Kim PhD University of Washington Department of Radiation Oncology “IVB Dosimetry: A Practical Consideration” For this project, I created a Monte Carlo simulation using EGSnrc software to simulate the dose given to a blood vessel and other pertaining items. The pertaining items included in simulations were the isotropic Sr-90 source, stents, and calcification. The purpose of creating this simulation was to create a medium for medical physicists to look at cause and effect relationships in intravascular brachytherapy (IVB). Because measurement within the patient has such small margins, it is difficult to take measurements and look for trends. Therefore, with the IVB simulation, researchers can look at how stents, calcification, and off-center sources affect the dose distribution, without involving patients. The project was completed through learning and experimenting with the EGSnrc software. We were able to run a large set of simulations including varying cases of off-centered sources, stents, and calcification. This fellowship taught me a few things. I learned about IVB, EGSnrc, and more about a medical physicist’s daily life. It was an invaluable experience!

Claudia Miller Wayne State University | Senior, Biomedical Engineering Mentor: Lori A. Young, PhD University of Washington Department of Radiation Oncology “Development of 3D Printed Gynecology Brachytherapy Phantom for Resident Training

and Deformable Image Registration Applications” Our project for the fellowship program was aimed at designing an anthropomorphic brachytherapy phantom for use in resident training and imaging applications. This project will increase patient access to lifesaving radiotherapy treatments by providing residents with the case volumes needed to become qualified brachytherapy specialists.

The phantom will also be used for validating tumor targets derived from deformable imaging registration. The project was completed using a series of literary reviews to assess the current devices commercially available and provide ideas on solutions applicable to our device design. After developing a user needs profile that outlined goals for the device, ideas on design were proposed and narrowed down to a final material selection. We converted contours from patient cases into printable 3D stereolithography files that were modified to accommodate the brachytherapy applicators. After deciding on a filament type for printing parts of the device, the 3D files were sent off to procure sample prints from a printing company. Overall, this fellowship gave me the opportunity to learn a great deal about brachytherapy treatment and procedures. I was also able to gain more software skills in working with patient image databases, contouring patient files, and 3D file editing software. I am very grateful for the opportunity given to me by AAPM to work with Dr. Lori Young and the team in the Radiation Oncology Department at the University of Washington.

Zion Shih Westmont College | Senior, Engineering Physics; Chemical Physics, Biology Mentor: Piotr Zygmanski, PhD Brigham and Women’s Hospital Department of Radiation Oncology “Integral Quality Monitor Beam Model for Determination of Multi-Leaf Collimator Size and Center” I had the honor to work with Dr. Piotr Zygmanski and meet a great team of scientists—from student peers to collaborators at different institutions. We optimized novel diagnostic systems with Monte Carlo-based virtual simulations so we can better monitor exposure of radiation to both patients and personnel in the medical imaging and cancer treatment field. I worked on every aspect of the simulation process, from optimizing the environment to conducting experiments that revealed a near linear correspondence between the axis of MLC motion and the IQM response. Moving forward, we are developing a model of IQM response that correlates A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t | 11

Summer Undergraduate Fellowship P rogram, cont.

with the geometry of the MLC. My time with this project taught me invaluable lessons of communication, visualizing systems, and the importance of interdisciplinary research.

The process of adding MLCs was not as straightforward as expected—nor was remote troubleshooting due to the pandemic. Nevertheless, by carefully diagramming figures and proofs and refining how I asked my questions, we overcame our challenges. Through constant contact with Dr. Zygmanski, I was able to clarify the steps we had taken in the wrong direction so we can learn from them to establish better formulas for the remaining experiments. I appreciated the dive into macrophysical applications and am inspired to explore more of medical physics. I am grateful to AAPM and its benefactors for the opportunity to conduct this innovative work with premier medical physicists.

Hunter Spivey Vanderbilt University | Senior, Physics and Biomedical Engineering Mentor: Adam Yock, PhD Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Radiation Oncology “Clinical Value Prediction in Adaptive Radiotherapy” My project looked at a variety of different prediction methods as a means of predicting clinical variables such as dose or target volume. We tested the accuracy and generalizability of these different methods to try and learn which ones may be a helpful aid in adaptive radiotherapy techniques. Using Python we determined strengths and weaknesses of each method by performing different statistical analysis tests as well. This work really is important in that it gives us information about what kinds of predictive models are appropriate for different kinds of data, and as a result, allows adaptive radiotherapy technology to support clinician’s decisions in the best way possible. As more of the clinician’s decisions become reliant on technology, it’s important to give the clinician the support they need to be confident in those decisions. Overall, I really feel like this fellowship has given me a great insight into the world of medical physics, as well as a greater appreciation for the behind-the-scenes work that goes into treatment planning for patients. I’d really like to thank the AAPM, VUMC, and above all, Dr. Adam Yock for this amazing opportunity.

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Jacob P. Sunnerberg Tufts University | Senior, Physics Mentor: Arda Könik, PhD Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Department of Imaging “Shortening PET/CT Scan Times using Variable Bed Positing and Improved Analytical Processes” During my fellowship, I worked alongside Dr. Arda Konik of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. Under Dr. Konik, I became immersed in current research concerning the improvement of PET/CT scans for the detection of tumors. Our work centered around proving empirically how overall scan times could be shortened by decreasing scan lengths of low activity regions while increasing that of high activity regions.

This could lead to several possible improvement options including, but not limited to, decreasing necessary dosage of radiotracers and improving overall scan quality in key regions of the body. Due to restrictions resulting from the pandemic, our study was carried out retrospectively using past patient scans. Despite some setbacks, we were able to achieve quite promising results, and, as of December 2020, this project is still ongoing. The most challenging aspect was finding the correct analytical path to best showcase what the theory suggested. Fortunately, the image analysis software ImageJ and its associated coding language allowed me to design automated programs for sequences necessary to properly analyze raw scan data. These automated processes proved invaluable when dealing with thousands of images per patient. The AAPM fellowship and my work with Dr. Konik amounted to the most impactful experience of my undergraduate career and only solidified my desire to pursue medical physics professionally. I am deeply thankful to have had this opportunity.

Summer Undergraduate Fellowship P rogram, cont.

Spencer H. Welland Lenoir-Rhyne University | Senior, Engineering Physics Mentor: Lei Ren, PhD Duke University Department of Radiation Oncology “CBCT Image Enhancement Through Machine Learning: The Impact of Loss Functions” Working with Dr. Lei Ren of Duke University through the 2020 SUFP allowed me to gain experience with an aspect of medical physics research, of which I was previously unaware. Our project was carried out with the goal of applying machine learning models to enhance CBCT images by transferring them to the CT image domain without negatively affecting patient anatomy. This project was initiated to improve the quality of images that inform IGRT and adaptive therapy methods, recognizing that extracting useful information from images is imperative for successful treatment. My contribution to Dr. Ren’s project was made by the integration of four specific loss functions in the machine learning model being used. Two of the losses prevented the translation mappings from straying too far from the target.

A third served to suppress egregious shape deformation by applying an image mask that restricted alteration of DICOM voxels in air regions. The final loss function simply served to denoise the images. Through a radiomic analysis, it was concluded that for some low level features, the additional loss functions did have some positive impact. Working with Dr. Ren has revealed a relevant topic of research with which I had no prior experience and has given me a working knowledge of the PyTorch machine learning library and an introduction to the powerful applications of machine learning in medical physics.

Cindy Zhang Boston University | Senior, Physics Mentor: Jan Schuemann, PhD Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Radiation Oncology “Simulating Prompt Gamma Emissions in TOPAS” This summer, I worked (virtually) with Dr. Jan Schuemann at the Department of Radiation Oncology at Massachusetts General Hospital. I used a program called TOPAS, an advanced Monte Carlo simulation, to model prompt gamma emissions from a proton beam, used for dose verification. This program was previously developed by Dr. Schuemann and his team at MGH and other collaborators around the country. I was also able to learn a lot about various imaging techniques, such as PET, SPECT, and CBCT, as well as coding in C++. Along with the rest of his team, we built the geometries of these detectors and modeled therapy techniques. Although this was all done from my desk at home, I greatly enjoyed experiencing the research aspect of medical physics, as this was my first time doing research in the field. Also, since my home university does not offer courses in medical physics or biophysics, the AAPM fellowship helped introduce me to the field, which will influence my education and career in the future.

William D. Engelhardt Washington University | Applied Physics Major Mentor: MingDe Lin, PhD Yale University School of Medicine Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging

Jessica Paige Gillcrist Towson University | Physics Major Mentor: George Sgouros, PhD Johns Hopkins Medical Institute Department of Radiology

Andrew Niecikowski University of Minnesota | Physics Major Mentor: Jun Deng, PhD Yale University School of Medicine Department of Therapeutic Radiology

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Diversity Recruitment through Education and Mentoring Program (DREAM) Diversity Recruitment through Education and Mentoring Program (DREAM) Diversity Recruitment Through Education and Mentoring Program (DREAM) is a ten-week (40-hours per week) summer program designed to increase the number of underrepresented groups in medical physics by creating new opportunities, outreach, and mentoring geared towards diversity recruitment of undergraduate students in the field of medical physics. Students participating in the program are placed into summer positions that are consistent with their interest. Selected for the program on a competitive basis, DREAM fellows receive a $5,500 stipend from AAPM. Sponsored by the AAPM Education Council through the AAPM Education & Research Fund, which included one fellowship funded by the AAPM Northwest

Gary Henderson, Jr. Rutgers University | Senior, Information Technology and Informatics & Physics Mentor: Stephen M. Avery, PhD University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology “Measurements of Protoacoustic Signals Across Multiple Proton Therapy Facilities” Last summer, I worked with my mentor on protoacoustics, a method of verifying the location of the radiation deposit from proton therapy to ensure the dose is delivered at the proper location. Protons deposit most of their radiation as they stop which allows the dose to be delivered precisely at a location, an advantage over conventional photon radiation. However, errors may cause the protons to miss their target and radiate healthy — instead of cancerous — tissue. Our project used protoacoustics to determine the dose depth of experimental data. Due to the pandemic, we had to obtain protoacoustics experiment data remotely. The data comes from accelerometers placed along the central axis and around the medium—in this case, water. As the protons release energy, thermoacoustic waves are created which are recorded by the accelerometers. We used MATLAB to calculate the depth of the proton dose.

However, we determined that our findings did not correspond with known data at other locations with the same setup due to the time-delay, a value used to account for delays in electronics. We determined that each individual setup needs calibration to determine an accurate time-delay for that location. We are preparing a manuscript to detail this finding.

Chapter. (See AAPM website for more details, including eligibility requirements.)

Cindy McCabe University of Florida | Senior, Nuclear Engineering Mentor: Izabella Barreto, PhD University of Florida College of Medicine Department of Radiology “Determining an accurate range for material quantification in dual energy CT along the z-axis of a 16-cm-wide beam” This past summer I had the opportunity to work at the University of Florida’s Radiology Department within the medical imaging research lab. I am very grateful to the AAPM staff for figuring out how to continue this fellowship virtually, and I could not have asked for a better mentor, Dr. Izabella Barreto, who was phenomenal to work with and an amazing teacher. My research project for the fellowship focused on the determination of an accurate range for material quantification in dual energy CT (DECT) along the z-axis of a 16-cm-wide beam. I wrote a MATLAB code to read the image file from the DECT scan and compile the information into a excel file for 3 mm slices. The CT number from the central z-axis position was used to create tolerable limits with a range of ±5% or ±5 HU of the CT number. The continuation of this project will be an evaluation of the noise and material differentiation. This is important because our

14 | A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t

DREAM, cont.

radiologists are used to reading 120 kVp CT scans, and to be able to rely on DECT we need to know that the numbers are precise and accurate. I look forward to continuing this project in the future!

Génesis Suárez-González University of Puerto RicoMayagüez Campus | Senior, Physics Mentor: Jun Deng, PhD Yale University School of Medicine Department of Radiology “A Multi-Modal Deep Learning-based Decision Support System for Individualized Radiotherapy of Non-” I had an incredible research experience at Yale University.

The purpose of our project was to develop a novel radiation oncology decision support system. This would facilitate individualized adaptive radiotherapy based on deep learning of multi-modality patient data. I worked extracting quantitative features from different image modalities such as: CT, MRI and PET. Our model will help physicians determine how effective their radiation therapy treatment would be. I also acquired experience by collecting images from the Cancer Imaging Archive to test our model and reading the latest radiomics publications. Dr. Deng made sure to update our research group about different events in which he participated so we could learn what it involves being a medical physicist. In addition to this, the AAPM Diversity and Inclusion subcommittee organized meetings where we would learn more about applying to graduate school and about the experience they had while pursuing a Medical Physics career. This experience helped me confirm my desire to become a medical physicist.

Hui-Ju Wang Texas Tech University | Senior, Physics Mentor: Wensha Yang, PhD University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology “Essential learning and conduction on MR Images for Glioma Grading by Deep Convolutional Neural Networks” Accurate determination of glioma grade leads to improved treatment planning. Newly, radiomic features have shown excellent potential in glioma-grade prediction. This internship project was to investigate the performance of features learned by a convolutional neural network with radiomic features for grade prediction. Dr. Yang gave me a chance to work with Dr. Cao and taught me more about his arterial intelligence expertise. After explaining and demonstrating the CNN-based model framework, I operated on image registration and image input for the CNN-based models on python coding. Image registration makes me more familiar with the medical tools physicists use. And, practicing importing images enhanced my experience of programming. Later, I acknowledged the importance of programming skills and CNN principles gained an interest in machine learning and artificial intelligence. During my internship experiences, I was able to gain knowledge of physics principles, methods, and techniques in practice and develop professional research skills. I also learn practical communication skills, discipline, and efficient management of time. With my mentor’s guidance, she helped me understand this field, and Dr. Cao was willing to teach me their specialized knowledge. Now, I feel I have become more confident in my career path, and I will be a PhD student who focuses on studying the medical physics track.

Tarik Rashada Harvard University | Senior, Mathematics Mentor: Maryellen Giger, PhD University of Chicago Department of Radiology/Medical Physics

A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t | 15

2020 Review

| Publication Awards

Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics (JACMP) Best Paper Awards Michael D. Mills Editor In Chief Award

Peter R. Almond Award

This award is for an outstanding general medical physics article published in JACMP in 2019.

Presented in 2020, the awardees were Jennifer Johnson, Eric Ford, James Yu, Courtney Buckey, Shannon Fogh, and Suzanne B. Evans for their paper entitled “Peer support: A needs assessment for social support from trained peers in response to stress among medical physicists,” JACMP 20 (9), 157–162 (2019). (Funded by the endowed JACMP Editors’ Fund)

The Peter R. Almond Award of Excellence is for an outstanding radiation measurements article published in JACMP in 2019. Presented in 2020, the awardees were Jessie Y. Huang, David Dunkerley, and Jennifer B. Smilowitz for their paper entitled “Evaluation of a commercial Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithm for electron treatment planning,” JACMP 20 (6), 184–193 (2019). (Funded

George Starkschall Award

Edwin C. McCullough Award

This award is for an outstanding radiation oncology physics article published in the JACMP in 2019. Presented in 2020, the awardees were Laure Vieillevigne, Catherine Khamphan, Jordi Saez, and Victor Hernandez for the paper entitled “On the need for tuning the dosimetric leaf gap for stereotactic treatment plans in the Eclipse treatment planning system,” JACMP 20 (7), 68–77 (2019). (Funded by the endowed JACMP Editors’ Fund)

This award is for an outstanding medical Imaging physics article published in the JACMP in 2019. Presented in 2020, the awardees were Elisabetta Sassaroli, Calum Crake, Andrea Scorza, Don-Soo Kim, and Mi-Ae Park for their paper entitled “Image quality evaluation of ultrasound imaging systems: advanced B-modes,” JACMP, 20 (3), 115–124 (2019). (Funded by the endowed JACMP Editors’

by the endowed JACMP Editors’ Fund)

Fund)

Medical Physics Journal Best Paper Awards Farrington Daniels Award

Moses and Sylvia Greenfield Award

This award is for an outstanding paper on radiation therapy dosimetry, planning, or delivery published in Medical Physics in 2019. Presented in 2020, the awardees were Ryan T. Flynn, Q. E. Adams, K. M. Hopfensperger, X. Wu, W. Xu, and Y. Kim for their paper entitled “Efficient 169Yb high-dose-rate brachytherapy source production using reactivation,” Medical Physics 46 (7), 29352943 (2019). (Funded by the endowed Farrington Daniels Fund)

This award is for an outstanding paper on imaging, published in Medical Physics in 2019.

Presented in 2020, the awardees were Patricia A. K. Oliver and R. M. Thomson for their paper entitled “Investigating energy deposition in glandular tissues for mammography using multiscale Monte Carlo simulations,” Medical Physics 46 (3), 1426-1436 (2019). (Funded by the endowed Moses and

16 | A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t

Sylvia Greenfield Fund)

2020 Review

| Presentation Awards

Jack Fowler Junior Investigator Award

Jack Krohmer Junior Investigator Award

This award was established in honor of Jack Fowler, PhD, Emeritus Professor of Human Oncology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin. The award was presented to Jue Jiang, PhD, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, for the top scoring abstract submitted by Junior Investigators who entered the competition, entitled “Joint Adversarial Generator-Segmentor for Unsupervised CT to MRI Synthesis Based MRI Lung Tumor Segmentation.” (Funded

This award was established in honor of Jack Krohmer, PhD, a pioneer in the medical physics community.

The award was presented to Kayla Blunt, PhD, University of Chicago Medicine, for the best abstract submitted to the Scientific Program of the AAPM Annual Meeting, judged according to criteria of significance, innovation, and the potential for major scientific impact in an area of cutting-edge interest in medical physics. The abstract was entitled “Deep LearningBased Self Attenuation Correction for Whole-Body PET Imaging.” (Sponsored by the Krohmer Memorial Fund and AAPM

by the Jack Fowler Award Fund)

Science Council through the AAPM Education & Research Fund)

John R. Cameron – John R. Cunningham Young Investigators Symposium Awards (Funded by the endowed John Cameron Fund)

The Young Investigators Symposium is a competition in honor of University of Wisconsin Professor Emeritus John R. Cameron, PhD and John R. Cunningham, PhD, from Princess Margaret Hospital, and subsequently from the University of Alberta. The 10 highest scored abstracts submitted for the Symposium are selected for presentation, from which the top three presentations receive awards. 2020 winners were:

1st Place: Irwin I. Tendler Dartmouth College PhD Student in Medical Physics Education “First-Time Imaging of Light Generation in the Eye During Radiotherapy”

2nd Place: Nathan James Orlando Western University, London, ON, CA PhD Student in Medical Biophysics “RmU-Net: A Generalizable Deep Learning Approach for Automatic Prostate Segmentation in 3D Ultrasound Images”

3rd Place: Lindsay Bodart University of Wisconsin – Madison MS Student in Medical Physics “Fiducial-Based Tracking of a Transthoracic Echocardiography Probe in X-Ray Fluoroscopy for X-Ray/echo Co-Registration”

A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t | 17

Presentation Awards, cont.

Carson/Zagzebski Distinguished Lecture On Medical Ultrasound

Jeffrey Brian Fowlkes, PhD University Michigan Health Systems, “Histotripsy - Harnessing the Power of Acoustic Cavitation for Medicine”

(Funded by the endowed Carson/Zagzebski Fund)

On Sunday, April 5 at the AAPM 2020 Spring Clinical Meeting, the following invited lecturers delivered their lectures: Zheng Feng Lu, PhD University of Chicago, “Quality Assurance of Automated Breast Volume Ultrasound Scanners”

2020 Review

Nicholas Hangiandreou, PhD Mayo Clinic, “Quality Assurance in Ultrasound”

| Cultivation Awards

AAPM Expanding Horizons Travel Grant

AAPM Expanding Horizons Travel Grant Round 1 Awardees

Round 2 Awardees

Up to ten AAPM Expanding Horizons Travel Grants are awarded per year, each up to $1,000, for the purpose of providing additional support for student and trainee travel to conferences that are not specifically geared toward medical physics. The travel grant is designed to provide an opportunity to broaden the scope of scientific meetings attended in order to introduce students and trainees to new topics which may be of relevance to medical physics research and which may subsequently be incorporated into future research in order to progress the field in new directions. The grants are awarded twice annually.

• Clara J. Fallone, PhD

• Abdullah-Al-Zubaer Imran, PhD

Sponsored by the AAPM Science Council through the AAPM Education & Research Fund (See AAPM website for more details, including eligibility requirements.)

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Resident, Nova Scotia Health Authority International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 28th Annual Meeting • Jiahan Zhang, PhD

Medical Physics Resident, Duke University Medical Center IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

Postdoctoral Scholar, Stanford University 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition • Peter R. Jermain, MS

Medical Physics Assistant, Massachusetts General Hospital American Association of Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021 • Cassandra Miller, MS

PhD Candidate, University of British Columbia Women in Physics Canada Conference

2020 Review

| Paused Awards

AAPM Science Council Associates Mentorship Program The program has been established to recognize and cultivate outstanding researchers at an early stage in their careers with the goal of promoting a long-term commitment to science within AAPM. The program uses the process of “shadowing” to integrate the Associates into the scientific activities of the organization. Science Council Associates participate in the program for one year, and are funded up to $4,000 per Associate (to cover travel costs including flight, hotel, and meeting registration) to attend two consecutive AAPM Annual Meetings, including the pre-meeting activities associated with each Committee.

Sponsored by the AAPM Science Council through the AAPM Education & Research Fund (See AAPM website for more details, including eligibility requirements.)

These awards are traditionally presented each calendar year.

However, for 2020 doing so was paused as a result of rapidly escalating health concerns relating to the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and how its resultant impact made these specific awards infeasible. A full description of each paused award is provided here.

AAPM hopes to resume presenting these awards when the programs they are affiliated with are again active.

Summer School Tuition Scholarships Summer School Tuition Scholarships are in the form of a full waiver of tuition fees for the entire AAPM Summer School. This award is available to applicants who are in the first five years of their careers in medical physics.

Sponsored by the AAPM Administrative Council through the AAPM Education & Research Fund (See AAPM website for more details, including eligibility requirements.)

Anne and Donald Herbert Distinguished Lectureship in Modern Statistical Modeling (Funded by the endowed Anne and Donald Herbert Fund)

TeamBest®/AAPM Award TeamBest® provides funding for five fellowships in the amount of $1,000 each, to be used for travel, food and lodging expenses to attend the Annual Meeting. AAPM provides complimentary Annual Meeting registration for each recipient, including social functions. TeamBest® also provides a plaque for each of the five fellowship recipients.

Sponsored by TeamBest® through the AAPM Education & Research Fund

Award for Innovation in Medical Physics Education The Award for Innovation in Medical Physics Education is generously supported by a bequest from the estate of Dr. Harold Marcus. It is given for an innovative program, presented at the AAPM Annual Meeting, in medical physics education of physicists, physicians, ancillary personnel, and the public.

A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t | 19

| Closing Statement

2020 Review

to one of the many available gift options, whichever best suits your passion (access options via the AAPM web page https://www.aapm.org/ education/edfundlinks.asp). One popular option continues to be the 1:1 matching funds for gifts no less than $500 per year to our Five-Year Pledge Program (see Policy AP95).

The current state of our E&R Fund is described in the bar graphs below, showing its balances at the end of 2020, revenues for 2020, and member contributions for 2020.

T

he AAPM Development Committee uses this report to convey the important activities supported by our Education & Research (E&R) Fund to which your valued donations are made. AAPM aims to continue growing our E&R Fund to support additional E&R Fund grants, fellowships, awards, and other activities. To that end, each member is encouraged to contribute

The AAPM also provides member education on giving through its Planned Giving website (https:// aapm.myplannedgift.org/), Newsletters, and eNewsletters with the assistance of The Stelter Company.

This information is not only intended to incentivize legacy gifts to AAPM, but also to provide members important

information regarding their estate planning and wills. Along these lines, AAPM continues to provide $5,000 to the E&R Fund for its first 60 members to notify AAPM of their Planned (legacy) Gift commitment (see Policy AP18).

Your Development Committee also encourages memorial gifts (see policy AP99) and named fund gifts (see policy AP6). Whatever your passion, however you might give, please keep your AAPM in mind!

Our members and awardees truly appreciate and thank you for your support! On the following pages is a listing of the approximately 1800 members, companies, and professional societies who have given to our E&R Fund.

Kenneth R. Hogstrom, PhD Chair, AAPM Development Committee

2020 AAPM E&R Fund Account Balances Total = $3,016,572

General Fund, Unendowed

General Fund, Endowed Corpus

20 | A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t

General Fund, Endowed Activity

Named Funds (12), Named Funds (7), Endowed Corpus Unendowed

Named Funds (7), Endowed Activity

Closing Statement, cont.

2020 AAPM E&R Fund Revenues Total = $738,034

AAPM Matching Contributions

Member Contributions

Corporate Contributions

E&R Activity Funded Through Operations

Investment Income/ Unrealized Gains

Origin of E&R Revenues used to fund 2020 awards. Revenues were up compared to 2019.

Despite a rocky start to the year, investment earnings were consistent with 2019.

2020 Member Contributions Total = $73,828

General, Unendowed (221)

General, Endowed (86)

Named Funds, Unendowed (153)

General, Unendowed 5-Year (3)

Distribution of member contributions to different types of accounts of the E&R Fund in 2020. The numbers in parentheses represent the number of gifts. The General Unendowed 5-Year amount represents new pledges received during 2020.

A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t | 21

Make a Plan to Make a Plan to Make MAKE A DIFFERENCE MAKE A DIFFERENCE MAKE DIFFERENCE

Learn how a charitable gift can support medical physics research Learn how a charitable gift can long-term support medical physics research and education AND fit into financial future with Learn how a charitable gift your can support medical physics research and education AND fit into your long-term financial future with AAPM's new Planned Giving website! and education AND fit into your long-term financial future with AAPM's new Planned Giving website!

AAPM's new Planned Giving website!

https://aapm.myplannedgift.org/ https://aapm.myplannedgift.org/ https://aapm.myplannedgift.org/

2020 E&R Fund

| Contributors (as of

July 1, 2021)

AAPM would like to acknowledge and thank the following individuals and organizations who have made contributions to the Education & Research Fund since its inception in 1990:

Diamond Contributors $20,000 and Above

Kenneth R. Hogstrom, PhD

Richard A. Geise, PhD

Organizations

Leroy J. Humphries, PhD

Maryellen L. Giger, PhD

Jennifer Lynn Johnson, PhD

Carri K Glide-Hurst, PhD

AAPM Delaware Valley

James G. Kereiakes, PhD

Per H. Halvorsen, MS

Paul L. Carson, PhD

Faiz M. Khan, PhD

Joseph P. Hellman, MS

Bruce H. Curran, MEng

Charles Lescrenier, DSc

William R. Hendee, PhD

Jerome G. Dare, PhD

Christopher H. Marshall, PhD

Michael G. Herman, PhD

John Wesley Geary, III

Mary Ellen Masterson-McGary,

Walter Huda, PhD

Individuals

Bret H. Heintz, PhD

MS

Edward F. Jackson, PhD

Chapter AAPM New England Chapter AAPM North Central Chapter Medical Physics Foundation

Silver Contributors $2,500 – $4,999

Donald E. Herbert, PhD

Edwin C. McCullough, PhD

Robert J. Jennings, PhD

Bob Liu, PhD

Richard L. Morin, PhD

Kenneth R. Kase, PhD

Individuals

Richard E. Michaels, MS

Ravinder Nath, PhD

Carolyn M. Kimme-Smith, PhD

Radhe Mohan, PhD

Farideh R. Bagne, PhD

Jatinder R. Palta, PhD

John S. Laughlin, PhD

Ewa Papiez, MS

Arthur L. Boyer, PhD

Yakov M. Pipman, DSc

Zuofeng Li, DSc

William G West, PhD

Maria F. Chan, PhD

Alfred R. Smith, PhD

Nai-Hsiang David Liu, PhD

James A. Zagzebski, PhD

Indra J. Das, PhD

Edward S. Sternick, PhD

Eric Lobb, MS

Joseph O. Deasy, PhD

Larry E. Sweeney, PhD

Sam H. Lott, Jr., PhD

Nicholas A. Detorie, PhD

Russell B. Tarver, MS

Thomas R. Mackie, PhD

Lynne A. Fairobent, FHPS

Stephen R. Thomas, PhD

Mary L. Meurk

D. Jay Freedman, MS

Donald D. Tolbert, PhD

Tariq A. Mian, PhD

G. Donald Frey, PhD

Edward W. Webster, PhD

Michael D. Mills, PhD

Hy Glasser

Ann E. Wright, PhD

Shantilata Mishra, PhD

Steven J. Goetsch, PhD

Ellen D. Yorke, PhD

Michael T. Munley, PhD

David Lee Goff, PhD

Adel A. Mustafa, PhD

Madhup Gupta, MS

Robert M. Nishikawa, PhD

John Hale, PhD

Organizations AAPM AAPM Northwest Chapter AAPM Southeast Chapter American Institute of Physics American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Best Medical International

Organizations

Radiological Society of North

AAPM Florida Chapter

Colin G. Orton, PhD

AAPM New York (RAMPS)

Jung T Ho, PhD

Jacques Ovadia, PhD

M. Saiful Huq, PhD

Daniel C. Pavord, MS

Geoffrey S. Ibbott, PhD

Ervin B. Podgorsak, PhD

Reference System, Inc.

C. Clifton Ling, PhD

James A. Purdy, PhD

(CIRS)

James Chi-Wing Liu, PhD

Robert F. Sanford

Harold Marcus, MA

J. Anthony Seibert, PhD

Melissa Carol Martin, MS

Christopher F. Serago, PhD

James E. McDonough, PhD

Renu K. Sharma, MS

Sharon K. McMillan, MS

Chengyu Shi, PhD

Robert J. Morton, Jr., MS

Rene J. Smith, PhD

Lee T. Myers, PhD

George Starkschall, PhD

Barbara G. Orton, MS

Nagalingam Suntharalingam,

Deanna H. Pafundi, PhD

America (RSNA)

Chapter

Platinum Contributors $10,000 – $19,999

Computerized Imaging

Individuals Joseph C. Alappattu, MS Hassaan Alkhatib, PhD Peter R. Almond, PhD

Gold Contributors $5,000 – $9,999

John A. Antolak, PhD

Individuals

Stephen Balter, PhD

Jerry D. Allison, PhD

Libby F. Brateman, PhD

Howard Ira Amols, PhD

Arnold Z. Cohen, MS

Gary T. Barnes, PhD

Colleen M. Desrosiers, PhD

Joseph S. Blinick, PhD

Robert L. Dixon, PhD

Jing Cai, PhD

Kunio Doi, PhD

Richard Castillo, PhD

John P Gibbons, Jr., PhD

Edward L. Chaney, PhD

Joel E. Gray, PhD

Jimmy O. Fenn, PhD

Moses A. Greenfield, PhD

Theodore Fields, MS

PhD

Baldev R. Patyal, PhD

James A. Terry, PhD

Robert J. Pizzutiello, Jr., MS

Earl A. Trestrail, MS

Don P. Ragan, PhD

Adam S. Wang, PhD

Lawrence N. Rothenberg, PhD

Robert John Wilson, PhD

Anil Sethi, PhD

Kenneth A. Wright, MS

Shakil B. Shafique, MS

Raymond K. Wu, PhD

Guy H. Simmons, Jr., PhD

Fang-Fang Yin, PhD

Donna M. Stevens, MS

A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t | 23

2020 E&R Fund Contributors, cont.

Raymond L. Tanner, PhD

Cal Glisson, MPH

Albert V. Mesa, MS

Gerald A. White, Jr., MS

Sugata Tripathi, PhD

Lee W. Goldman, MS

George Mitev, PhD

Thomas A. White, Jr., PhD

Kenneth Ulin, PhD

Michael S. Gossman, MS

Mary E. Moore, MS

Jeffrey F. Williamson, PhD

Kenneth N. Vanek, PhD

Bennett S. Greenspan, MD

David M. Nelson, PhD

John Willins, PhD

Shirley D. Vickers, MS

Russell J. Hamilton, PhD

Walter Nikesch, PhD

John W. Winston, Jr., MS

John T. Washington, MS

Oliver D. Hanson, MS

Olabode Thomas Ogunleye,

Charles Wissuchek, MS

Michael V. Yester, PhD

Joanna M. Harper, MS

Qinghui Zhang, DSc

Brian F. Hasson, PhD

Arthur J. Olch, PhD

John W. Wong, PhD

John D. Hazle, PhD

Mark Oldham, PhD

Qing-Rong Jackie Wu, PhD

Chris M. Hearn, MS

Brent C. Parker, PhD

Ching-Chong Jack Yang, PhD

Philip H. Heintz, PhD

E. Ishmael Parsai, PhD

Corey E. Zankowski, PhD

Maynard D. High, PhD

Kishor M. Patel, PhD

Pengpeng Zhang, PhD

Jerald W. Hilbert, PhD

J. Thomas (Tom) Payne, PhD

X. Ronald Zhu, PhD

Rev. F. Eugene (Gene) Holly,

Jacob S. Philip, MS

Organizations AAPM Connecticut (CAMPS) Chapter AAPM Southern California Chapter AAPM Southwest Regional Chapter North American Chinese Medical Physics Association

Copper Contributors $1,000 – $2,499 Individuals Suresh K. Agarwal, PhD Muthana S.A. L. Al-Ghazi, PhD Samuel G. Armato, III, PhD Jonathan K. Bareng, MS Daniel A. Bassano, PhD John E. Bayouth, PhD Joseph L. Beach, PhD Harry S Bushe, MS Priscilla F. Butler, MS David J. Carlson, PhD Jean Jacques Chavaudra, ScD Zhe (Jay) Chen, PhD Charles W. Coffey, II, PhD Wesley S. Culberson, PhD Edmund P. Cytacki, PhD Domenico Delli Carpini, PhD Jun Deng, PhD James A. Deye, PhD Maximian Felix D’Souza, PhD Scott J. Emerson, MS Karl J. Farrey, MS David O. Findley, PhD Jennifer Hann Fisher, MS Doracy P. Fontenla, PhD Gary D. Fullerton, PhD

PhD

PhD

Chester S. Reft, PhD

John F. Wochos, MS

Organizations

Donald E. Holmes, PhD

Susan L. Richardson, PhD

AAPM Great Lakes Chapter

Alan L. Huddleston, PhD

Daniel M. Ritt, MS

AAPM Missouri River Valley

Kristina E. Huffman, MMSc

Mark J. Rivard, PhD

Margie A. Hunt, MS

Gene E. Robertson, MS

Amazon Smile

Mary Ellen Jafari, MS

George A. Sandison, PhD

Northwest Medical Physics

Zheng Jin, MS

Vikren Sarkar, PhD

Loretta M. Johnson, PhD

Jan P. Seuntjens, PhD

Steven M. Jones, MS

Charles Y. Shang, MB, MS

Philip F. Judy, PhD

Douglas R. Shearer, PhD

Kalpana M. Kanal, PhD

S. Jeff Shepard, MS

Haejin Kang, PhD

Deborah J. Shumaker, MS

C. J. Karzmark, PhD

Melvin P. Siedband, PhD

Bronze Contributors $500 – $999

Angela R. Keyser

Douglas J. Simpkin, PhD

James M. Kortright, PhD

Individuals

Larry D. Simpson, PhD

Michael E. Kowalok, PhD

James B. Smathers, PhD

Jack S. Krohmer, PhD

David P. Spencer, PhD

Roger O. Ladle, MPhil

Kelly M. Spencer, MS

Danny J. Landry, PhD

Perry Sprawls, PhD

Lisa C. Lemen, PhD

Jean M. St. Germain, MS

Louis B. Levy, PhD

Richard H. Stark, MS

David A. Lightfoot, MA

Keith J. Strauss, MS

Liyong Lin, PhD

John B. Sweet, MS

Carl Lindner III

John W. Sweet, Jr., PhD

Dale W. Litzenberg, PhD

David W. Switzer, MS

Eric H. Loevinger

Philip M. Tchou, PhD

Larry W. Luckett, MS

Bruce R. Thomadsen, PhD

Gary Luxton, PhD

Sean Thomas Toner, MS

Chang Ming Charlie Ma, PhD

Jon H. Trueblood, PhD

Eugene Mah, PhD, MS

Jacob Van Dyk, DSc

Mahadevappa Mahesh, PhD

Linda A. Veldkamp, PhD

Alex Markovic, PhD

Christopher J. Watchman, PhD

Mary K. Martel, PhD

Martin S. Weinhous, PhD

Michael F. McNitt-Gray, PhD

Richard E. Wendt, III, PhD

Matthew A. Meineke, PhD

Marilyn C. Wexler, MS

24 | A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t

Chapter

Center The American Board of Radiology

Gail D. Adams, PhD E. Theodore Agard, PhD B. (Wally) Ahluwalia, PhD Parham Alaei, PhD David M. Applebaum, MS Ben A. Arnold, PhD Rex G. Ayers, MEng Edward T. Bacza, MS Morris I. Bank, PhD J. Ed Barnes, PhD Wolfgang W. Baus, PhD Mark M. Belanich, MS William S. Bice, Jr., PhD Bette W. Blankenship, MS Anthony P. Blatnica, MS Evan J. Boote, PhD Stephen L. Brown, PhD Stewart C. Bushong, ScD Gene A. Cardarelli, PhD Sandra L. Chan, PhD Yan Chen, PhD

2020 E&R Fund Contributors, cont.

Kenneth C. Chu, PhD

Joel Thomas Love, MS

Ke Sheng, PhD

Bijoyananda Adhikary, MS

Kenneth A. Coleman, MEng

Xiaoyi Lu

Michael D. Silver, PhD

Bipin K. Agarwal, MEng

Stéphanie B. Corde, PhD

Gig S. Mageras, PhD

Warren K. Sinclair, PhD

James Aglamesis

Joanna E. Cygler, PhD

Stephen Mahood, MS

John P. Skrobola, MS

Alfred G. Agostinelli

Cupido Daniels, PhD

William Malloy

Jennifer B. Smilowitz, PhD

Sana Ahmed, MS

Jesus E. Davila, DSc

Lesley Ann Malone, PhD

Jerry Soen, MS

Ergun E. Ahunbay, PhD

Paul M. DeLuca, Jr., PhD

Sivasubramanian R.

Robert E. Stanton, PhD

A. Madjid Aissi, PhD

Manoharan, PhD

K. David Steidley, PhD

Ayoola Akinradewo, PhD

Dharmin D. Desai, PhD

David S. Marsden, PhD

Stacy L. Stephenson, MS

Rose Al Helo, MS

Dominic J. DiCostanzo, MS

Kenneth L. Matthews, II, PhD

Palmer G. Steward, PhD

Anthony Alaimo

Arden E. Dockter, MS

Martha M. Matuszak, PhD

Thomas G. Stinchcomb, PhD

Rejina C. Alam, PhD

Derek Dolney, PhD

William A. McCarthy, MS

Krystina M. Tack, PhD

Omar Abdullah Al-Amoudi, MS

Karen P. Doppke, MS

Christopher S. Melhus, PhD

Bruno Tchong Len, MS

Hamideh Alasti, MS

Scott Dube, MS

Jeffrey G. Messinger, MEng

Suzanne E. Topalian, MS

Katherine Albano, MS

Robert J. Duerkes, Jr., MS

David R. Metcalf, PhD

Frank Van den Heuvel, PhD

Ismail AlDahlawi, PhD

James E. Durlacher

Ira D. Miller, MS

Matt Vanderhoek, PhD

Saad I. Aldelaijan, MS

Issam M. El Naqa, PhD

Robin A. Miller, MS

Rafaela Varela Rohena, MS

Mazin T. Alkhafaji, PhD

Ravimeher L. Errabolu, PhD

Jose A. Morales Monzon, MS

Dongxu Wang, PhD

Scott J. Alleman, MS

Martin W. Fraser, MS

Olivier Morin, PhD

Steven Wang, PhD

Susan A. AlMansour, MS

James M. Galvin, DSc

Herbert W. Mower, ScD

Xiaoyang Betsy Wang, MS

Waleed Al-Najjar, PhD

Robert G. Gandy, MS

Thomas Oshiro, PhD

Michelle C. Wells, MS

Fahed Alsanea, PhD

Steven Anthony Gasiecki, MS

Stephanie A. Parker, MS

.Brian D. Wichman, MS

Albert J. Alter, PhD

William R. Geisler, MS

Norris J. Parks, PhD

Mark Bennett Williams, PhD

Amiaz (Ami) Altman, PhD

David Lloyd Goff, PhD

Kurt H. Pedersen, MS

Wesley W. Wooten, PhD

Barrak A. AlZomaie, PhD

James H. Goodwin, MS

Angelica A. Perez-Andujar,

Yulong Yan, PhD

Thomas E. Ames

Cedric X. Yu, DSc

Max Amurao, PhD

Shivaji M. Deore, PhD

Paul N. Goodwin, PhD

PhD

Anne W. Greener, PhD

Paula L. Petti, PhD

Ning J. Yue, PhD

Steven J. Amzler, MS

Nilendu Gupta, PhD

Douglas E. Pfeiffer, MS

Omar A. Zeidan, PhD

Lowell L. Anderson, PhD

David Gur, ScD

Bhaskaran K. Pillai, PhD

Andy A. Zhu, PhD

Michael Andrassy

Vijay A. Harwalkar, PhD

Richard A. Popple, PhD

Ningsheng Zhu, PhD

Michael P. Andre, PhD

Bruce H. Hasegawa, PhD

Robert A. Praeder, MS

Timothy C. Zhu, PhD

Jacqueline M. Andreozzi, PhD

Shawn H. Heldebrandt, MS

Michael J. Price, PhD

Terry David Zipper, MS

Ryan Andreozzi

Frank William Hensley, PhD

Joann I. Prisciandaro, PhD

Randall William Holt, PhD

Lihong Qin, PhD

Lincoln B. Hubbard, PhD

Nicole T. Ranger, MS

Erin Angel, PhD

Organizations

Kimberly E. Applegate, MD

Cancer Treatment Services, San Diego LLC

Tatsuya Arai Gary M. Arbique, PhD

Gulkan Isin, MS

Bimba Rao

Michael A. Jacobs, PhD

Surendar P. Rao, MSc, MEng

Jian-Yue Jin, PhD

Prema Rassiah-Szegedi, PhD

Alireza Kassaee, PhD

Miguel A. Rios, MS

Contributors Up to $499

Sunil A. Kavuri, MS

E. Russell Ritenour, PhD

Individuals

Paul J. Keall, PhD

Peter J. Rosemark, PhD

R. Paul King, Jr., MS

Isaac Rosen, PhD

Assen S. Kirov, PhD

Thomas Ruckdeschel, MS

Robert J. Kobistek, MS

Narayan Sahoo, PhD

Nicholas C. Koch, PhD

Javier Santos, PhD

Bradford M. Krutoff, MS

Stephen A. Sapareto, PhD

Min Y. Leu, PhD

Daren Sawkey, PhD

Pei-Jan P. Lin, PhD

Alan Schoenfeld, MS

Hui Helen Liu, PhD

Cheryl Culver Schultz, MS

Louis Archambault, PhD Benjamin R. Archer, PhD Jackson Argenta Hidetaka Arimura

Muhammad Khalis Abdul Karim Gregory A. Abell, MS Charles M. Able, MS

Michalis Aristophanous, PhD Bijan Arjomandy, PhD Elwood P. Armour, PhD Stephen Russell Armour, MS Vidheesha Arora, MS

Rami Abu-Aita, MS Armando R. Acha, PhD Rafael Acosta, DSc Rosaura Rodriguez Acosta, MS

Sankar Arumugam Prakash Aryal, PhD David R. Asche, MS Frank A. Ascoli, MS

A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t | 25

2020 E&R Fund Contributors, cont.

Yasuo Ashino

Teri Bedard

Maxence Borot

Serpil F. Caputlu-Wilson, MS

Sarah A. Ashmeg, PhD

Greg Bednarz, PhD

David Borrego, PhD

Carlos H. Carbini, MEng

Alfred E. Asprinio, MS

Richard H. Behrman, PhD

Thomas R. Bortfeld, PhD

Rex A. Cardan, PhD

James V. Atherton, PhD

Dan J. Beideck, MS

Elizabeth L. Bossart, PhD

James E. Carey, MS

Todd F. Atwood, PhD

Areg Bejanian

Maryam Bostani, PhD

Vicente Carmona Meseguer,

William J. Aubin, PhD

Jacob Alexander Belardo

Cristina Boswell, MS

Chantal Audet, PhD

Clyon Wayne Bell

John M. Boudry, PhD

Timothy J. Carroll, MS

Luther B. Aull, PhD

Matthew D. Belley, PhD

J. Daniel Bourland, PhD

Timothy M. Carroll, MS

Shahid B. Awan, PhD

Jose A. BenComo, Jr., PhD

Christopher M. Bowen, MS

Robert L. Carver, PhD

Peter Aydin, MS

J. Douglas Bennett, MS

Robert A. Boyd, PhD

Kenneth W. Cashon, MS

Bulent Aydogan, PhD

Ishtiaq Hussain Bercha, MS

Suresh M. Brahmavar, PhD

Alan E. Cassady, MS

Glaister G. Ayr, MS

Jon Berens, MS

Maria-Ester Brandan, PhD

Elena Castle

Steven M. Babcock, MS

Alanah M. Bergman, PhD

Charlie Eugene Brannon, Jr.

Aluisio Castro, MS

Ramsey D. Badawi, PhD

Carl E. Bergsagel, MPH

David Brett

Sara G. Castro, MS

Rajeev K. Badkul, MS

Laszlo Berkovits, MS

Megan M. Bright, MS

Laura I. Cervino, PhD

Esther Baer

Kenneth J. Bernstein, MS

A. Bertrand Brill, PhD

Dev P. Chakraborty, PhD

Daryoush Bagheri, PhD

Abby E. Besemer, PhD

Ajit Brindhaban, PhD

David K. Chamberlain, MS

Arjit K. Baghwala, MS

Ryan C. M. Best, PhD

Amy Brito Delgado, PhD

Sarah Chamberlain

Bing Bai, PhD

Nicholas B. Bevins, PhD

Kristy K. Brock, PhD

Marc J.P. Chamberland, PhD

Colin M. Bailey, MS

Mandar S. Bhagwat, PhD

Thomas Broderick

Bun Chan, MS

Michael J. Bailey, MS

Sareth Bhaskaran

Allen Brodsky, ScD

Chang Chang, PhD

Thomas J. Baker, MS

Jagdish Prasad Bhatnagar,

Dean W. Broga, PhD

John Kai Siung Chang, PhD

Karen L. Brown, MHP

Sha X. Chang, PhD

Mohammad Bakhtiari, PhD

ScD

PhD

Dimitra S. Baldassari, MMSc

Junguo Bian, PhD

Thomas Brown, PhD

Weishan Chang

Sergio D. Ballester, MS

Tewfik J. Bichay, PhD

Gordon L. Brownell, PhD

Vorakarn Chanyavanich, PhD

John P. Balog, PhD

Michael H. Biddy, MS

David Bruhwiler

Maria Luisa Chapel-Gomez,

Serkan Balyimez

Charles J. Bischof, PhD

Robert E. Buchanan, MS

Asish K Banerjee, MS

Paul J. Black, PhD

Crystal Bull, MS

Nicolas Charest, MS

Thomas Ellis Banks, MS

Adrienne Maxwell Blackman

Shelley Marie Bulling

Paule M. Charland, PhD

Maria Carmen Banos-Capilla,

Tyler A. Blackwell, MS

Camelia E. Bunaciu, MS

Andreas Chatziafratis

Margaret Eddy Blackwood, MS

Arthur E. Burgess, PhD

Oi-Wai Chau

Ande Bao, PhD

Olivier Blasi, MS

Katharine D. Burkhardt, MS

Fan Chen, PhD

Dennis Bradley Barhorst, MS

Joseph C. Blechinger, PhD

Chandra M. Burman, PhD

Guang-Hong Chen

Robert J. Barish, PhD

Michael O. Bligh, MS

Nicholas I. Burriesci, MS

Hao Chen

Margaret Cunningham Barker,

Anna Bliss

Vera I. Burtman, MS

Lili Chen, PhD

MMSc

MS

MS

Charles D. Bloch, PhD

Sheila S. Bushe, MS

Xudong Chen

Maxine A. Barnes, MS

Frank Bloe

Wayne M. Butler, PhD

Yie Chen, PhD

Mitya M. Barreto

Douglas E. Boccuzzi, MS

Terry M. Button, PhD

Yu Chen, PhD

Amar K Basavatia, MS

Steve Boddeker, MS

Carlos A. Caballero, MS

Huaiyu Heather Chen-Mayer,

Mario Basic, PhD

Lisa D. Boeh, MS

Christopher W. Cain, PhD

Jerry J. Battista, PhD

Jonathan Boivin

Riccardo Calandrino, PhD

Alice A. Cheung, MS

Alan H. Baydush, PhD

Frank P. Bolin, MS

Desmi Campbell

Joey P. Cheung, PhD

Magdalena Bazalova-Carter,

Irene J. Boll, MS

Warren G. Campbell, PhD

Ti-Chuang Chiang

PhD

PhD

Rex Allen Boone, MS

Robin L. Campos, PhD

Madhu B. Chilukuri, PhD

Alric E. Beach, MS

William Boone, MS

Gabriel A. Candelaria, MS

Charles L. Chipley, III, PhD

Anthony D. R. Beal, MS

Nancy Boote

Miguel Canellas Anoz

Wyndioto M. Chisela, PhD

Frederick D. Becchetti, Jr., PhD

Patrick L. Booton, MMSc

Kari L. Cann, MS

Byung-Chul Cho, PhD

Ibrahim Bechwati

Giovanni Borasi, PhD

Ray Capestrain, MS

Gye Won (Diane) Choi, MS

Stewart J. Becker, PhD

Klaus Borkenstein

Roberto Capote Noy, PhD

Chinwei Helen Chow, MS

Thomas R. Becker, MS

Amy B. Bornholdt, MS

Paul Capp, MD

Emmanuel Christodoulou, PhD

26 | A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t

2020 E&R Fund Contributors, cont.

Sung Sil Chu, PhD

Mojtaba H. Dahbashi, MS

William P. Donahue, PhD

Jessica M. Fagerstrom, PhD

Suzanne J. Chungbin, MS

Ingvild Dalehaug

Hang Dong, MS

Benjamin P. Fahimian, PhD

Eileen Cirino, MS

Antonio L. Damato

Lei Dong, PhD

Sean Bedilion Fain, PhD

Andrei Ciura

Andrew Daniel, MS

Eileen M. Donnelly, MS

Tony Falco, PhD

LaToya G. Clark, MS

Arash Darafsheh, PhD

Elangovan Doraisamy, MS

Guoqing Fan, PhD

R. Todd Clark, MS

Dana Darau

Godwin Dorbu, MS

Zhaoyang Fan

Laurence P. Clarke, PhD

Giridhari Dash, MS

John J. Dorr

Jonathan B. Farr, DSc

John Phillips Clewlow, MS

Rabten Datsang

Gabriela R. dos Santos

Austin M. Faught, PhD

Corey G. Clift, MS

Lawrence T. Dauer, PhD

Jay C. Dosser

David D. Faul, PhD

Robert A. Close, PhD

Alan M. Daus, MS

Kai Dou, PhD

Arnold Feldman, PhD

Lora Cognata

Jaydev K. Dave, PhD

Triston W. Dougall

Yuxin Feng, PhD

Montague Cohen, PhD

Adrienne J. Davis, MS

Jingjing M. Dougherty, PhD

Jeffrey M. Fenoli

Micha Coleman, DSc

Cynthia E. Davis

Mr Sean A. Dresser, MS

Peter Ferjancic

Joseph B. Colenda, MS

Todd Davisson

Joseph P. Driewer, PhD

Desmond J. Fernandez, MS

Mark Colgan, MS

Carlos E. de Almeida, PhD

Kathleen M. Driggers, MS

Peter Fessenden, PhD

Charles Collins-Fekete

Paul M. De Groot, PhD

Dick J. Drost, PhD

Kenneth A. Fetterly, PhD

Jeffrey T. Colvin, MS

Fermin De La Fuente-Calvo,

Jun Duan, PhD

Derek A. Fiedler, MS

Donald F. Dubois, PhD

Juan C. Filomia, MS

Robert V. Comiskey, MS

PhD

Scott R. Conley, MS

Carol Debord

Nancy Dubois

Charles E. Finney, MS

Joseph G. Conlon, MS

Kirsten R. DeCampos, MS

Justin L. Ducote, PhD

Michael J. Fisher

Leigh A. Conroy, PhD

Stephanie J. Degenkolb, MS

Jenny Dueck

William Gary Fisher, MS

Christodoulos Constantinou,

Philippe Degreze

Joseph P. Dugas, PhD

Richard C. Fleischman

Allan F. deGuzman, PhD

Michael J. Dumas, MS

Everardo Flores-Martinez, PhD

Virgil N. Cooper, III, PhD

Marie-Eve Delage

Jose Luis Dumont, MS

Adriana Flosi, MS

Robert A. Cormack, PhD

Marilynn S. Delamerced, MS

Richard Dunia, PhD

Gregory Scott Foley, MS

Robert A. Corns, PhD

John J. DeMarco, PhD

Stephen E. Dunn, MS

David S. Followill, PhD

Nathan A. Corradini, MS

Mrs Dana J. Derby, MS

Chelsea Dunning, DPhil

Eric C. Ford, PhD

Camilo M. Correa Alfonso, MS

Nicole C. Detorie, PhD

Laura Durance

Kenneth M. Forster, PhD

Kevin W. Corrigan, PhD

Anees H. Dhabaan, PhD

James L. Durgin

Darrin A. Foster

Mihaela Cosma, MS

Sreeram Dhurjaty, PhD

Mario Dzemidzic, PhD

Colleen J. Fox, PhD

Gregory J. Courlas, MEng

Mr Zachary M. Diamond

Anton Eagle, MS

Mary F. Fox, MS

Pierre Courteau, MS

Ferney Diaz Molinai

Matthew A. Earl, PhD

Nancy J. Fox

George B. Coutrakon

John F. Dicello, Jr., PhD

James M. Eddy, MS

Eric Frederick

Mary K. Cox, MS

Deon M. Dick, PhD, MS

Jason A. Edwards, MS

Louis B. French, MS

Tim Craig, PhD

Mr Tyler R. Diener, MS

Kenneth E. Ekstrand, PhD

Derek H. Freund, MS

Carl R. Crawford, PhD

Sonja Dieterich, PhD

Emmanuel C. Ekwelundu, PhD

Stanley T. Fricke, PhD

Andrea Crespi

F. Avraham Dilmanian, PhD

Duke O. Eldridge, MS

Shannon G. Fritz, PhD

Richard J. Crilly, PhD

Mark A. DiMascio, MS

Abdelhamid Elfaham, PhD

Stephanie V. Frost, MS

Barbara Y. Croft, PhD

Renato Dimenstein, MS

Osman Ahmed Elhanafy, PhD

Vincent A. Frouhar, PhD

Phillip E. Cubbage, MS

Doris M. Dimitriadis Raad, MS

Andrew G. Ellis, PhD

Lei Fu, MS

Michael Cuddy, MS

Dimitri A. Dimitroyannis, PhD

Franz Englbrecht

Maryam G. Ghonchehnazi

Sarah G. Cuddy-Walsh, PhD

George X. Ding, PhD

Karen Episcopia, MS

Sandra Gabriel, PhD

Adam M. Cunha, PhD

Kai Ding, PhD

Michael A. Epps, Sr.

Hubert Gabrys

Ian A. Cunningham, PhD

Meisong Ding, PhD

Jon J. Erickson, PhD

Cynthia Anne Gaffney, MS

John R. Cunningham, PhD

Joseph G. Dise

Nsikan Esen

Mark B. Gainey, PhD

Seth Cupp

David Djajaputra, PhD

Carlos Esquivel, PhD

R. Harold Galbraith, MS

Michael S. Curry, MS

James T. Dobbins, III, PhD

Casimir Eubig, PhD

Kenneth S. Ganezer, PhD

Maria A. Czerminska, MS

Cristina T. Dodge, MS

Thomas Michael Evans, PhD

Mehryar K. Garakani

Hossein Dadkhah, PhD

Steven R. Dolly, PhD

William D. Evans, PhD

Jonas P. Garding, PhD

Frank C. Daffin, PhD

Gregory S. Dominiak, MS

Bruce A. Faddegon, PhD

Jeffrey A. Garrett, MS

PhD

A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t | 27

2020 E&R Fund Contributors, cont.

Brenden D. Garrity, MS

Heidi R. Greist, MS

Sheri Dawn Henderson, PhD

David Hunter, MMSc

Azucena Garzon, MS

Jimm Grimm, PhD

Kristi Rae Gayle Hendrickson,

Martina H. Hurwitz

Mario K. Gauer, PhD

Suzanne A. Gronemeyer, PhD

Caryn H. Geady

Guillaume Grousset

Margaret A. Henzler, MS

Fahad A. Hussain

Kyle B. Gearity, MS

Shelby M. Grzetic, MS

Martin W. Herman, PhD

Jason W. Huynh, MS

Barbara l. Geiser

Mariana Guerrero, PhD

Erick E. Hernandez

Tobin C. Hyman, MS

Ryan Geiser

Suveena Guglani, MS

Irene Hernandez Giron, PhD

Taofeeq A. Ige

John R. Gentry, MS

Hong Guo, MS

Margaret O. Hernandez, MS

Lynda C. Ikejimba

Dietmar Georg, PhD

Bryce A. Gustafson, MS

Pamela S. Herrin

Nnaemeka C. Ikoro, PhD

James David George, MA

Scott W. Hadley, PhD

Donald B. Hess, MS

Mark S. Ingram, MS

Georgi N. Georgiev, MS

Hossein Haghighi, PhD

Stan Heukelom, PhD

Pieter Inia, PhD

Charles E. Geraghty, MS

Mary J. Haik, MS

James M. Hevezi, PhD

Razvan Iordache, PhD

Bruce J. Gerbi, PhD

Emily Hale

Craig Heywood, MS

Shima Ito, MS

Lee H. Gerig, PhD

Amineh O. Hamad Khatib, MS

Kyle J. Higgins

Oleksandra V. Ivashchenko,

Christopher E. Gerrein, MS

Leena M. Hamberg, PhD

Mr Jonathan C. Hill, MS

Eduard Gershkevitsh, PhD

Homayoun Hamidian, PhD

Robin F. Hill, PhD

Chiemeka S. Izundu, PhD

Ermias Gete, PhD

Abdelkhalek Hammi

William H. Hinson, PhD

Leo E. Jablonski, MS

Stavroula Giannouli

Rabih W. Hammoud, PhD

Nanako Hirai, PhD

Amanda M. Jackson, MS

Joseph Giardina, MS

Carnell J. Hampton, PhD

Kazuhiro Hishinuma, MS

Alexander F. Jacobs, PhD

Gregory L. Gibbs, MS

Youngyih Han, PhD

Joe Ho, PhD

Dustin J. Jacqmin, PhD

Gurtej S. Gill, PhD

Samuel S. Hancock, PhD

Peter W. Hoban, PhD

Sachin R. Jambawalikar, PhD

Michael T. Gillin, PhD

Lydia L. Handsfield, MS

Russell K. Hobbie, PhD

Christopher D. James, MS

Marvin J. Glass, Jr., PhD

Justin M. Hanlon, PhD

Phil Hock

Donald R. James, PhD

Patrick T. Glennon, MS

Jorgen Lindberg Hansen, MS

Gregory S. Hodges, PhD

Mr Joshua A. James, MS

Markus Glitzner

Nicholas Hardcastle, PhD

Simeon P. Hodges, MS

Daniel J. Januseski, MS

Christine Gnaster, MS

Peter A. Hardy, PhD

David B. Hoffman, PhD

Andrew D. Jeffries, PhD

S. Murty Goddu, PhD

Mary Z. Hare, MEd

Mark Hoffman, MS

Todd P. Jenkins, MS

Marcelo A. Godin, MS

Joseph Harms

Michael Hoffman, MD

Glenn T. Jennings, MS

Andrew R. Godley

Gayle A. Harnisch, MS

Kenneth R. Hoffmann, PhD

Kyoungkeun Jeong, PhD

William J. Godwin

James C. Harrington, MS

David Holdford

Mengyu jia

Myron R. Goede, MS

Jamie M. Harris, MS

Jennifer Lynn Holladay, MMSc

Xun Jia, PhD

Rahim Gohar, Sr.

Wendy B. Harris, PhD

Timothy W. Holmes, PhD

Lihui Max Jin, PhD

Daniel S. Goldbaum, PhD

Amy S. Harrison, PhD

Creed Honeypott, PhD

Peter Johnsamson

Daniel A. Gollnick, PhD

Hubert M. Harrison, PhD

Giang T. Hong, MS

Amirh M. Johnson, MS

Igor Gomola, PhD

Frances B. Harshaw

Roger W. Howell, PhD

Ariel Johnson

Raul Gonzales

Alex M. Hashemi, MS

Dimitre Hristov, PhD

Derrick Johnson

Matthew P. Goodman

Zeinab E. Hassan, PhD

Ching-Yi Hsieh, PhD

Donald A. Johnson, MS

Richard Goodman, MS

Katelyn E. Hasse, PhD

Tom C. Hu, PhD

Joshua D. Johnson

Michael E. Goodwill, MS

Mustapha R. Hatab, PhD

Xuan Hu, MS

Levi S. Johnson, DMP

Robert O. Gorson, MS

Lauren Haver

Chi Huang, MS

Patricia M. Johnson, DSc

Rebecca M. Graciano, PhD

Christopher J. Hawkins, MS

Jessie Y. Huang, PhD

Mr Ross E. Johnson, MS

Jasmine A. Graham, PhD

Herman R. Haymond, PhD

Jonathan Huang, PhD

David A. Johnstone

Michael P. Grams, PhD

Joe R. Haywood, PhD

Long Huang, PhD

A. Kyle Jones, PhD

Robert V. Grando, MS

Xiuxiu He

Minming Huang

Bernard L. Jones, PhD

Pierre P. Grangeat, PhD

Robert A. Hearn, PhD

Michael J. Huberts, MS

Ernest O. Jones, PhD

Edward J. Grant, MS

Robert K. Heaton, PhD

Emily Hubley, MS

Leendert Simon Jonker, PhD

Edward E. Graves, PhD

Colleen L. Heelan, MS

Geoffrey D. Hugo, PhD

Kingsley V. Joseph

Joseph M. Greco

Patricia M. Heffron-Cartwright,

Susanta K. Hui, PhD

Chandra Prakash Joshi, PhD

Brian T. Hundertmark

Sonal Joshi, PhD

Cecilia A. Hunter

Stephanie L. Junell, PhD

Samantha Green Peter B. Greer, PhD

MPH Gyorgy Laszlo Hegyi, PhD

28 | A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t

PhD

Abrar M. Hussain, PhD

PhD

2020 E&R Fund Contributors, cont.

Christopher Kabat

Lawrence M. Klonowski, MS

Renee X. Larouche, MS

Kevin J. Little, PhD

Stergios K. Kaidas, MS

Jayne M. Knoche, PhD

Joseph Lauritano, MS

Huan Liu

Philip J. Kallenberg, MS

Tom IL Knoos, PhD

Donald W. Laury, MS

Lianli Liu

Arun G. Kaluskar, PhD

Nels C. Knutson, PhD, MS

Beverly F. Lawrence

Michael Z. Liu, MS

Srijit Kamath

Brandon M. Koger, PhD

Joel L. Lazewatsky, PhD

Pingyu Liu, PhD

Thomas D. Kampp, PhD

Sandra E. Konerth, MS

Heung-Rae Lee, PhD

Ruirui Liu

William C. Kan, MS

Xiang Kong, MS

Jaegi Lee

Prof Wu Liu, PhD

Wee-Saing Kang, PhD

Walter J. Kopecky, Jr., PhD

Jesse J. Lee, MS

Xiaodong Liu, PhD

Anuj J. Kapadia, PhD

Sion Koren, PhD

Nina E. Lee, PhD

Xiaoyu Liu, PhD

Rishabh Kapoor, MS

Latha Kota

Richard Lee, PhD

Yu Liu, PhD

Alexander Kapulsky, PhD

Matthew J. Kowalski, PhD

Tae Kyu Lee, PhD

Hing-Har Lo, MD

Tania Karan, MS

Margaret (Peggy) A. Kowski,

Joerg Lehmann, PhD

Lily M. Lodhi, PhD

Mathias Lehmann

Kate E. Lofton, MS

Kevin I. Kauweloa, PhD

PhD

James A. Kavanaugh, PhD

Ryszard Piotr Kowski, MS

Sabrina Lehmann

Mordecha Loksen

Ryu Kawamorita

Jakub Kozelka, MS

Norman E. Lehto, Jr., MS

Salmen Loksen, MS

Iwan Kawrakow

Alexandre S. Krechetov, PhD

Yu Lei, PhD

Jeffrey M. Long, MMSc

Janet C. Kaye

Linnea Ellen Kremer

Isaac S. Leichter, PhD

John F. Lontz, II, MS

Abdul M. Kazi, PhD

Wendy S. Kresge, MS

Mauricio L. Leick, MS

Michele F. Loscocco, MS

Kimberlee J. Kearfott, ScD

Andrew Krill

Edwin M. Leidholdt, Jr., PhD

Dale Michael Lovelock, PhD

William Tyler Kearns, MS

Serguei Kriminski, PhD

Peter Leon

Daniel A. Low, PhD

Carl R. Keener, PhD

Anand Krishnamurthy, MS

Richard P. Lepage, MS

Hsiao-Ming Lu, PhD

Dennis J. Kehoe, MS

Tomas Kron, PhD

Daphne Levin, PhD

Jenny Q. Lu, MS

Jeffrey R. Kemp

Jon J. Kruse, PhD

Craig E. Lewis, MS

Ke Lu

Robin L. Kendall, MD

Marta M. Kruszyna-Mochalska

Guang (George) Li, PhD

Lanchun Lu, PhD

Alan G. Kepka, PhD

Stephen F. Kry, PhD

Hua Li, PhD

Xing-Qi Lu, PhD

Adam Leon Kesner

William S. Kubricht, MMSc

Jianzhong Li, MS

Zheng Feng Lu, PhD

Timothy R. Keys, MS

Shrikant S. Kubsad, PhD

JinSheng Li, PhD

Shuang Luan, PhD

Kevin O. Khadivi, PhD

Louis Kuchnir

Ke Li

Anne Lucas-Quesada, PhD

Tseggy T.S. Kharkhuu, MS

Narayan S. Kulkarni, MS

Mei Li, MS

Steven C. Luckstead, PhD

ChangSeon Kim, PhD

Yu Kumazaki, PhD

Qijuan Li, MS

Renin C. Lukose, MS

Haram Kim

Hsiang-Chi Kuo, PhD

Rong Ding Li, MS

Bruce A. Lulu, PhD

Hee-Joung Kim, PhD

Takehiro Kuroda

Shidong Li, PhD

Arvid S. Lundy

Hwiyoung Kim

Svetlana Kuznetsova

X. Allen Li, PhD

Wendell R. Lutz, PhD

Jinkoo Kim, PhD

Salvatore La Rosa, MS

Xinyi Li

Jingfei Ma, PhD

Jong Oh Kim, PhD

Dominic LaBella

Zhi Liang

Lijun Ma, PhD

Jong-Hyo Kim

M. Terry LaFrance, MS

Yixiang Liao, PhD

Rongtao Ma

Sung-Kyu Kim

Jeongeun Lah

Bruce Libby, PhD

William J. MacIntyre, PhD

Erica Kinsey, PhD

Michael W. Lairmore, MS

Eugene P. Lief, PhD

Mark T. Madsen, PhD

Thomas H. Kirby, PhD

Wing-Chee Lam, PhD

Chen Lin, PhD

Paul E. Maggi, PhD

Bernadette L. Kirk, MS

Michael A. S. Lamba, PhD

Haibo Lin, PhD

Dennise Magill, MS

Maura L. Kirk, MS

Melissa A. Lamberto

Mu-Han Lin, PhD

Alphonso W. Magri, PhD

Steven A. Kirkpatrick, MS

Lena S. Lamel, MS

Sung-Yen Lin

Dennis Mah, PhD

Gokhan Kirlik, PhD

Rebecca Lamoureux, PhD

Teh Lin, PhD

Joseph J. Mahoney, MS

Sarah Kirtland, PhD

Richard G. Lane, PhD

Yu-Ching Lin

Noor Mail

Monica Kishore, MS

Thomas F. Lang, PhD

Haydee Maria Linares Rosales

Ernesto Mainegra-Hing, PhD

Adam Kiss

Bhujanga R. Lankipalli, PhD

Donald B. Lindsay, BA

Ann H. Maitz, MS

Rebecca H. Kitchen, MS

Itembu G. Lannes, MS

Venkata Narayana

Gerassimos M Makrigiorgos,

David M. Klein, PhD

Lawrence H. Lanzl, PhD

Susan B. Klein, PhD

Thomas J. LaRocca, MS

Jill Ann Lipoti, PhD

C. J. Maletskos, PhD

Carla Kloeze

Donald Larosa

Edna M. Lipson

Sadiq R. Malik, PhD

Lingampally, PhD

PhD

A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t | 29

2020 E&R Fund Contributors, cont.

Chi-Sum Man, MS

Kevin P. McNamara, MS

Gustavo Morlin Moretto

Josef Novotny, Jr., PhD

Anant K. Mandapaka, MS

Todd R. McNutt, PhD

Eduardo G. Moros, PhD

Patrik Nowik, PhD

Nikolaos Manganaris

Daniel L. McShan, PhD

Bart A. Morris, MS

Marilyn E. Noz, PhD

Merrill L. Mann, MS

James D. Meade, MS

Herman D. Morris, PhD

Francisco D. Nunez, MS

Nematallah Abbas Mansour,

Ali S. Meigooni, PhD

Frances L. Moser, PhD

James E. Nunnally, MA

Robert J. Meiler, PhD

Alvin Raymond Moses, MS

Jessica L. Nute, PhD

James R. Marbach, PhD

Domingo N. Mejia

Nader Moshiri Sedeh

Walter Nyakodzwe

George Mardirossian, PhD

Marites P. Melancon

Sina Mossahebi, PhD

Oluwaseyi Oderinde, PhD

Andrey Markovich, PhD

Jerome A. Meli, PhD

Guangwei Mu

Dan Odero, PhD

Jason R. Marsden, MS

Anderson Bandeira Melo

Birgit Mueller

Sachio Ogawa

Colin Martin

Camila S. Melo

Robert Vincent Mulkern, PhD

Patricia D. Ogburn

Jimmy D. Martin, MS

Anna M. Mench, PhD

Eduard A. Mullokandov, PhD

Kevin J. O’Grady, MS

Rachael M. Martin

Claudia Mendez

Mark E. Mulvey

Takeshi Ohno

Rafael Martin

Deborah Merzan

Arno J. Mundt, DM

Bernard Odongo Okoth, MMS

Steven E. Martin, MS

Brian M. Methe, MS

Simon N. Murphy, MS

Thomas A. Oldland

Alfonso Martinez

Juergen Meyer, PhD

Tony D. Murphy, MS

Lindsey A. Olsen, PhD

Darcy L. D. Mason

Beth Meyerand, PhD

James C. Murray, MS

Eenas A. Omari

Michael A. Masoomi, PhD

Georgeta Mihai, PhD

Manickam Muruganandham,

Azeez Omotayo, MS

Matteo Maspero

Ivaylo B. Mihaylov, PhD

Francis X. Masse

William Milimuka, MS

Yildirim D. Mutaf, PhD

James H. O’Rear, PhD

Jeffrey P. Masten, JD

Brett A. Miller, MS

Raja Muthupillai, PhD

Lawrence S. Oresick, MS

Kali K. Mather, MS

Brett M. Miller, MS

William J. Myers, DMP

Jorge A. Organista, MS

Elshin Joel Mathias, PhD

Donald L. Miller, MD

Uwe Myler, PhD

Manuel Orlanzino, MS

Jason Matney, PhD

Hayley Miller

Dinesh Kumar Mynampati, MS

Colville E. Osborne, MS

Walter Mauderli, DSc

Jessica R. Miller, PhD

Leon C. Myrianthopoulos, PhD

Jason M. Ostenson, PhD

Nichole Millward Maughan,

Julie Miller

Joel R. Nace, MS

Elaine P. Osterman, MPA

Andrew Minetree

Michele Nash

Michael A. Oumano

Howell Kerry Maughon, EdD

Mohamedo S. Minhaj, PhD

Venkataramanan Natarajan,

Shuichi Ozawa

Jacqueline M. Maurer, PhD

Michael Mink, MS

Osama R. Mawlawi, PhD

Joao A. Miranda dos Santos,

PhD

PhD

Astrid Mayer-Hoss

PhD

PhD

PhD

Cheri Oquist

Pedro Pacheco

Richard D. Nawfel, MS

Marc Pachoud, PhD

Daniel W. Neck, MS

Kyle R. Padgett, PhD

Rafe A. McBeth, PhD

Fernando Mireles-Garcia, PhD

Brett Nelson, MS

Sandra L. Paige, MS

Cynthia H. McCollough, PhD

Mani Mirzasadeghi, MS

Charles E. Nelson, PhD

David W. Palmer, PhD

Eleanor McCombe

Matthew P. Mischke, PhD

Joseph A. Nelson, III, PhD

Matthew R. Palmer, PhD

Kristen A. McConnell, PhD

Michael G. Mitch, PhD

Nathan C. Nelson, Jr., MS

Xiaoning Pan, PhD

Mary McCormick

Chad A. Mitchell, PhD

Denise Y. Nersissian

Mark Pankuch, PhD

Ryan P. McDermott

Raj K. Mitra, PhD

John Doty Newell, Jr., MD

Niko Papanikolaou, PhD

Joseph C. McDonald, MS

John H. Moeller, MS

Shawn M. Newlander, MS

Joon H. Park, MMSc

Malcolm R. McEwen, PhD

Jacqueline Moga, PhD

Francis D. Newman, MS

Yang-Kyun Park, PhD

Sean P. McGreevey, MS

Dennis J. Mohatt, PhD

Chor-yi Ng, PhD

Dennis L. Parker, PhD

Ross McGurk, PhD

Edward C. Mok, MS

Yury Niatsetski, MS

Arun G. Paul, PhD

Raymond W. McIntyre

Monica Moldovan, PhD

Geoffrey P. Nichols, MS

Daniel Pawlak

Mahta M. McKee, MS

Sabee Molloi, PhD

Edward Lee Nickoloff, DSc

Todd Pawlicki, PhD

Sarah E. McKenney, PhD

Michael H. Moloney

Matthew N. Nilsen

Adam B. Paxton, PhD

Rachel McKinsey

Nicholas A. Mongillo, MS

Azam Niroomand-Rad, PhD

Stefano Peca, PhD

Rachel D. McKinsey, PhD

Pasquale J. Montanaro, MS

Tianye Niu, PhD

Alberto Pedalino

Robert A. McLawhorn, PhD

Pedro J. Montes, MS

Frederic Noo

Guang Peng

Ryan McMahon, PhD

Kevin L. Moore

Prashanth K. Nookala, MS

Qi Peng

Michael McManus

Vaughn C. Moore, PhD

Amos Norman, PhD

Yong Peng, PhD

Aimee L. McNamara

Jean M. Moran, PhD

James T. Norweck, MS

Shashi A. Perera, MS

30 | A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t

2020 E&R Fund Contributors, cont.

Roberto Carlos Perez Franco,

Frank N. Ranallo, PhD

Ivan Rosenberg, PhD

Richard Leonard Schoffelen

Mitchell G. Randall, MS

Rachel A. Ross, MS

L. John Schreiner, PhD

Joseph Perl

Leith J. Rankine, MS

Toni M. Roth, MS

Reinhard W. Schulte, DM

Mark T. Perna

Ailsa J. Ratcliffe, MS

Susan D. Rothwell

Raymond A. Schulz, MS

Cristiana M. Peroni, PhD

Ranell M. Razon, MS

Joerg Rottmann, PhD

Alexander W. Scott, II, PhD

Stephen W. Peterson, PhD

Anthony J. Rea, MS

Alan H. Rowberg, MD

Ioannis Sechopoulos, PhD

Thomas J. Petrone, PhD

John F. Ready, PhD

Carl G. Rowbottom, PhD

Marcel Segbers

Michael Pfister

R. Judy Reavis, PhD

Ranna Rozenfeld

Lasitha Senadheera, PhD

John C. Pfund, MS

Aaron J. Redd, PhD

Theodore Henry Rubel

Abderrahmane Senhou, PhD

Christopher L. Pham, MS

Janet S. Reddin, PhD

Ashley E. Rubinstein, PhD

Naima Senhou, PhD

Doug Philip

Curtis L. Reece, MS

Vijayalakshmi Rudraraju, MS

Venkata Seshadri, MS

Podimannil S. Philip, MPhil

Scott E. Reed, MS

Donald R. Ruegsegger, Jr., PhD

Zalak Shah

Stanley V. Phillips, MS

Stanley Reed, MS

Antje H. Ruehmann, PhD

Nejdeh Shahbazian, MS

Stephanie K. Phoenix, MS

Ingrid S. Reiser, PhD

Fred G. Rueter, DSc

Naimuddin Shaikh, PhD

Gregory D. Pierce

Nicholas B. Remmes, PhD

Erwin W. Ruff, III, MS

Robert J. Shalek, PhD

James T. Pierno, MS

Tong Ren

Ben Rusk, MS

Edwin Sham, PhD

Tina L. Pike, PhD

Brigitte Reniers, PhD

Megan K. Russ

Jonathan S. Shapiro, PhD

Kunjan Pillai, MS

Meral L. Reyhan, PhD

Kelly Ryan, MS

Anil Kumar Sharma, PhD

Arthur Pinkerton

Erin Rheiner

Mircea N. Sabau, PhD

Purushottam D. Sharma, MS

Gustavo H. Piriz

Samuel J. Rhoades, IV, PhD

John J. Sadler, MS

Conor P. Shaw, PhD

Maria Cristina Plazas, PhD

Francesco Ria, DMP

Habib Safigholi, PhD

Shikuan She, MS

Donald B. Plewes, PhD

Matthew J. Riblett, PhD

Krishnendu Saha, PhD

Efrat Shekel

Marianne E. Plunkett, MS

Robert E. Rice, III, MS

Erno Sajo, PhD

John Alan Shepherd, PhD

Tarun Podder, PhD

Roger K. Rice, PhD

Ehsan Salari

Nikul S. Sheth, MS

Brian W. Pogue, PhD

Peter J. Riley, MS

Ehsan Samei, PhD

Ren-Dih Sheu, PhD

Mark E. Pohlman, PhD

Madison Rilling

James S. Sample, MS

Junwei Shi

Andrew M. Polemi, PhD

Michael Randall Ringor, PhD

Scott Sample, MS

Linxi Shi, PhD

Jerimy C. Polf, PhD

Alexandra Rink, PhD

Shigeru Sanada, PhD

Mengying Shi

Bradley Pollard, MS

William B. Rivkin

Glen H. Sandberg, MS

Yoichiro Shimizu, PhD

Lieke Poot

Dante E. Roa, PhD

Raxa Sankreacha, MS

Jungwook Shin

David B. Porter, MS

Donald M. Roback, PhD

Sean Santoscoy

Almon S. Shiu, PhD

Bill Post, MS

Vlado Robar, MS

Arman Sarfehnia, PhD

Ashma Shiwakoti

Vassiliki Potari, MS

Daniel G. Robertson, PhD

Vythialingam Sathiaseelan,

Thomas B. Shope, Jr., PhD

David J. Powers, MS

Scott P. Robertson, PhD

Joseph Leonard Presser, MS

Marthony L. Robins

Jahangir A. Satti, PhD

Jeffrey V. Siebers, PhD

James J. Prete, PhD

Fredrick L. Roder, PhD

David A. Scaduto, PhD

Donna M. Siergiej, PhD

Ryan G. Price, PhD

Anna E. Rodrigues, PhD

Paolo Scalchi

Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen, PhD

Stavros D. Prionas, PhD

Erik Roelofs, PhD

Ernest M. Scalzetti, MD

Edward Silberstein

Nathan J. Pung, MS

David R. Roesener

Daniel J. Scanderbeg, PhD

Justin D. Silkwood, MS

Jennifer M. Pursley, PhD

John C. Roeske, PhD

Edward C. Scarbrough, MS

Dustin Simonson

Jacob I. Pyenson

Alice Rogers

Christopher Scarfone, PhD

Vivek Singh

X. Sharon Qi, PhD

David W. O. Rogers, PhD

Giuseppe Sceni, ScD

Kamal Singhrao

Leopoldo L. Quirino-Torres, PhD

Angela M. Rohrer

John F. Schenck, PhD

Ramon Alfredo C. Siochi, PhD

Bouchaib Rabbani, PhD

Marilou A. Rojero, MS

Katja Schlemm

Lester Skaggs, PhD

Dee-Ann Radford Evans, MS

Tino Romaguera, DSc

David J. Schlesinger, PhD

Stanley E. Skubic, PhD

Kanaparthy Raja Muralidhar,

George & Nancy Romer

Petra Schmalbrock, PhD

Eric Daniel Slessinger, MS

John Rong, PhD

Matthew C. Schmidt

Krzysztof Slosarek

Eftekhar Rajab Bolookat

Yi Rong, PhD

Werner F. O. Schmidt, PhD

Angela M. Smith, MS

Kishore Rajendran, PhD

Justin R. Roper, PhD

Christopher W. Schneider, PhD

Chad A. Smith, PhD

Joseph T. Rakowski, PhD

Joseph E. Roring, DMP

Lisa Schober, MS

Koren Smith, MS

MS

PhD

PhD

Hemant I. Shukla, MS

A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t | 31

2020 E&R Fund Contributors, cont.

Maria Smith

Deborah A. Summa, PhD

Brian C. Tom, PhD

Shada J. Wadi-Ramahi, PhD

Michael G. Snyder

Harikrishna Etti Sundaresan,

Celalettin Topbas, PhD

Donald Keith Wadsworth, MS

Ronald E. Tosh, PhD

David S. Waid, MS

Flavio Augusto P. Soares, DMP

PhD

Mrs Katherine Rose Sobota

Joseph L. Surace, MS

Mark S. Towsley, MS

John Matthew Wait, MS

Emilie T. Soisson, PhD

Petal Padmini Surujpaul

H. Julian Tran, PhD

Michelle Waite

Gopi Solaiappan, PhD

Steven G. Sutlief, PhD

Samuel Trichter, PhD

Anthony John Waker, PhD

Andrew J. Soldner, MS

Crowe Suzaine

Jonathan Louis Troville

Mary Waldron, MS

Ahmed H. M. Solieman

Kazumichi Suzuki, PhD

Erik J. Tryggestad, PhD

Steven A. Wallace, PhD

Milo Solomito, PhD

Michelle M. Svatos, PhD

Virginia Tsapaki, PhD

Thomas P. Walsh, MS

Justin B. Solomon, PhD

Aaron A. Svoboda, MS

Tzu-Chi Tseng

Barbara Walters

Mitchell Sommerville, MS

David J. Swanberg, MS

Floyd H. Tuley, Jr., PhD

Matthew D. Walters, MS

Haijun Song, PhD

John W. Swanson, PhD

Nathan J. Tuoch, MS

Alisa I. Walz-Flannigan, PhD

Ju-Young Song, PhD

Kevin J. Sweeney

Robert F. Turco, PhD

Shuying Wan, PhD

Neelu Soni, MS

James L. Sweet, MS

Julius V. Turian, PhD

Danny JJ Wang

Dima Soultan, MS

Ibrahim B. Syed, ScD

Jim Turmel, MS

Hao-Cheng Wang

David C. Spelic, PhD

Marcel M. Szal, MS

Lawrence C. Tynes

Hui Wang, PhD

James R. Spencer, MS

Janos Szanto, PhD

Wolfgang Ullrich

Lu Wang, PhD

Benjamin O. Spieler

Timothy P. Szczykutowicz, PhD

Richard Umeh, PhD

Peng Wang

Senthamizhchelvan Srinivasan,

Andrzej Szechter, PhD

John C. Upton, MS

Shih-Ping Bob Wang

PhD

Martin Szegedi, PhD

Jaime Urribarri, MS

Shuo Wang

Shiv P. Srivastava, PhD

Mohammad A. Tabatabai

Satoru Utsunomiya

Yagang Ray Wang, MS

Franz Josef St. George, PhD

Hidenobu Tachibana, PhD

Gnanaprakasam Vadivelu, MS

Yuenan Nancy Wang, PhD

Olga Stafford, ScD

Joseph M. Takahashi

Yanisley Valenciaga, PhD

Earl S. Warden, PhD

R. Jason Stafford, PhD

Yutaka Takahashi, PhD

Johannes van de Geijn, PhD

Lizette Warner, PhD

Leonard Stanton, MS

Daniel P. Talenti, MS

William G. Van de Riet, PhD

Peter G. Watson, PhD, MS

Keith M. Stantz, PhD

Kentaro Tamura

Astrid van der Horst

Elizabeth Watt

Stuart J. Starr, PhD

Rie Tanaka, PhD

Wilhelm J. van der Putten, PhD

Adam M. Watts

Sotirios Stathakis, PhD

Shikui Tang, PhD

Christine Van Dyk

Jared H. Weatherford, MS

Eric L. Stauffer, MS

Puangpen Tangboonduangjit,

Richard L. Van Metter, PhD

David A. Weber, PhD

Elisabeth C. Van Wie

Aaron Joseph Webster

Jennifer M. Steers, PhD

PhD

Joseph Steiner, PhD

Wesley Daniel Tarvin, MS

James J. VanDamme, MS

William R. Wedding, MS

Keith A. Stenroos

Michael Tassotto, PhD

Lisa Vandenberg

Georg A. Weidlich, PhD

Jessica G. Stephens, MS

Riad A. Tawil, PhD

Jean Vander Horst

Gisbert Weigl, PhD

David Sterle

David D. Taylor, Jr., MS

William H. VanderWall, MS

Emily Weissenfluh

David A. Sterling, MS

Edward Taylor

Stephen Vastagh, MBA

Michael D. Weldon

Erika A. Stewart, MS

Tovi Tedrow

Arivazhagan Vasudevan, MS

Jered R. Wells, PhD

Joshua B. Stoker, PhD

Ching-Ling Teng

Sathiyanarayanan K. Vatyam,

Michelle Wells

Radka Stoyanova

Charles R. Tenney, PhD

Sven-Erik Strand, PhD

Terence B. Terilli, MS

Ruth E. Velasco-Schmitz, PhD

Jingxi Weng

David M. Strongosky, MMSc

Emilie Theophile

Vaidehi Venkatakrishnan, PhD

Barry W. Wessels, PhD

Stephen C. Strother, PhD

Francois Therriault-Proulx, PhD

Tessa Vike

Susan Westerling

Dennis N. Stroud, MS

Peter J. Thirunelli, MS

Yevgeniy Vinogradskiy, PhD

Karen D. Wheeler, MS

Kenneth Strubler, MS

Andrew S. Thomas, PhD

Ramasamy G. Virudachalam,

Brendan M. Whelan, MMSc

Matthew T. Studenski, PhD

Michael Dean Thomas, MS

Terry A. Stupar, PhD

Cynthia Lynn Thomason, PhD

Andries G. Visser, PhD

Pamela White, MP

MembTiru S. Subramanian,

Kai E. Thomenius, PhD

James Voss

Heather M. Whitney, PhD

David A. Thompson, MS

Kevin M. Vredevoogd, MS

Paul R. Wickre, MS

Edward Sudentas, PhD

Amy Threlkeid

James Joseph Vucich, MS

Mario Wiedenmeier

Predrag Sukovic

Frank Dorego Tierney, MMSc

Teodor G. Vulcan, PhD

Krishni Wijesooriya, PhD

Thomas A. Sullivan, MS

Benjamin Titz, PhD

Carl Joseph Vyborny, PhD

Steven R. Wilkins, PhD

PhD

32 | A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t

MS

PhD

Ning Wen, PhD

Thomas J. Whitaker, PhD

2020 E&R Fund Contributors, cont.

D. Allan Wilkinson, PhD

Tong Xu, PhD

Loren A. Zaremba, PhD

Organizations

Virgil M. Willcut, MS

Zijie (Sue) Xu, MS

Lee Anne Zarger, MS

Kendrick J. Williams

Martin J. Yaffe, PhD

Joseamid Zayas

AAPM Mid Atlantic Chapter

Michael D. Williams, PhD

Di Yan, DSc

Di Zhang, PhD

Revlon O. Williams, PhD

Susu Yan, PhD

Haifeng Zhang

Charles E. Willis, PhD

Bin Yang, PhD

Hualin Zhang, PhD

Joshua M. Wilson, PhD

Claus Chunli Yang, PhD

Jun Zhang, PhD

Lydia J. Wilson

Jun Yang, PhD

Lei Zhang

Robin W. Winsor

Nai-Chuen Yang, PhD

Mutian Zhang, PhD

Peter A. Wisner

Wensha Yang, PhD

Paul Bo Zhang

Mark R. Wolanski, PhD

Yaxiang Yang, PhD

Shujun Zhang

Margaret A. Wolf, MS

Youming Yang, PhD

Xiping Zhang, PhD

Ronald Keith Wolff, PhD

Zhitong Yang, PhD

Yunkai Zhang, PhD

Myron Wollin, MS

Weiguang Yao

Bo Zhao, PhD

Jochem Wolthaus

Mahmoud Yaqoub, MS

Jay J. Zheng, PhD

Roland Wong, MS

Laura Marie Yarusso, PhD

Yi Zheng, MS

Tania Rosalia Wood, PhD

Jin-Song Ye, MS

Jingeng Zhu, PhD

Kaley E. Woods, PhD

Mei-Yu Yeh

Lei Zhu

Michael Eric Woodward, PhD

Ce YI

Ronald Zhu, PhD

Don E. Wrede, PhD

Adam D. Yock

Tong Zhu, PhD

Kenneth Wright

Shigeru K. Yokoyama, PhD

Xiaofeng Zhu

Andrew Wu, PhD

Jeongmin Yoon, PhD

Ling Zhuang, PhD

Chuan Wu, PhD

Afua A. Yorke, PhD

Eric C. Zickgraf, PhD

Genevieve N. Wu, PhD

Lori Young, PhD

Frank E. Zink, PhD

Jackie Wu

Lifeng Yu, PhD

Jeananne M. Zink, MS

Lin Wu

Victoria Y. Yu, PhD

Imran Zoberi

Nathan A. Wu, MS

Chun Yuan, PhD

Jacqueline Esthappan Zoberi,

Qiuwen Wu, PhD

Mohammed K. Zaidi, MS

Tianming Wu

Roja Zakariaee, PhD

Gil Zweig, MS

Haonan Xiao

Niloufar Zakariaei

Piotr Zygmanski, PhD

Li Xiong, PhD

David A. Zamora, MS

Zhenyu Xiong, PhD

Ali Zarafshani

PhD

Accelerator Systems Int l- JM Co Advanced Radiation Measurements, Inc CDS Colorado Association in Medical Physics (CAMP) Evelo Singer Sullivan Group Greater Cincinnati Foundation Huestis Medical IMPAC Software Jewish Federation Cincinnati Kilter Inc Landauer, Inc. LAP of America Laser Applications LLC MDS Nordion Newark Radiation Oncology Philips Healthcare Standard Imaging, Inc. The Phantom Laboratory, Inc.

2020 Review

| Meet Your AAPM Development Committee

Y

our Development Committee serves AAPM by assisting in acquiring donations to its Education and Research (E&R) Fund, coordinating expenditures with the Education and Research Committees, establishing new funds, and educating the membership on how medical physics philanthropy

can benefit both AAPM and members’ local institutions.

These tasks are accomplished though long-range planning, establishing AAPM philanthropic policies, and communicating with membership. Diversity of knowledge and thoughtful dedication by committee appointees, both

AAPM members and headquarters staff, has been invaluable. It is my pleasure to introduce you to your 2021 Development Committee.

Kenneth R. Hogstrom, PhD Chair, AAPM Development Committee

Voting Appointments:

Howard I. Amols, PhD 1/1/2020 – 12/31/2022, Member

Arthur L. Boyer, PhD 1/1/2020 – 12/31/2022, Committee Vice Chair

John P. Gibbons Jr., PhD 1/1/2020 – 12/31/2022, Member

John D. Hazle, PhD 1/1/2020 – 12/31/2022, Member

Kenneth R. Hogstrom, PhD 1/1/2018 – 12/31/2023, Committee Chair

Paul E. Kinahan, PhD 1/1/2019 – 12/31/2021, Chair, Research Committee (ex officio)

Zhong Su, PhD, MBA 1/1/2021 – 12/31/2023, Member

Russell B. Tarver, MS 1/1/2018 – 12/31/2023, Member

Stephen R. Thomas, PhD 1/1/2019 – 12/31/2021, Member

Jacqueline E. Zoberi, PhD 9/2/2019 – 12/31/2022 Chair, Education and Training of Medical Physicists (ex officio)

34 | A A P M 2 0 2 0 A n n u a l R e p o r t

AAPM Development Committee, cont.

Non-Voting Appointments:

James T. Dobbins III, PhD 1/1/2021 – 12/31/2021, President (ex officio, nonvoting)

Mahadevappa Mahesh, PhD, MS 1/1/2016 – 12/31/2021, Guest Treasurer (ex officio, nonvoting)

Wayne D. Newhauser, PhD 5/26/2021 – 12/31/2021, Guest (nonvoting)

HQ Team Appointed to Committee

Robert McKoy 5/11/2015 – 12/31/2037, Director of Finance (ex officio, nonvoting)

Justin M. Stewart 9/23/2019 – 12/31/2037, Programs Manager (ex officio, nonvoting)

1631 Prince Street | Alexandria, VA 22314 (571) 298-1300 |2021.aapm@aapm.org

www.aapm.org