H Priya Sai Planning Portfolio by Priya Sai

A short Glimpse of my journey H Priya Sai – Urban & Regional Planner

P O R T F O L I O

COVER LETTER

C O N T E N T S

1. NEIGHBOURHOOD AND AREA PLANNING 2. RURAL AREA PLANNING 3. URBAN PLANNING 4. WORKSHOP – INFRASTRUCTURE STUDIES

5. METROPOLITIAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING 6. PRACTICAL TRAINING I 7. THESIS 8. PRACTICAL TRAINING II

Human settlement is something I am always fascinated about. I heard many stories about how the cities and regions evolved in time from my father, who travelled to many places being an Ex-serviceman. I observed the places around me and I have always tried to experience what a city has to offer. Over the four years of my graduation, I was able to focus on diverse topics such as economy, governance, development, etc., rather than focusing on an Individual subject as of in other fields like engineering. In the period of study, I was involved in various group projects and Internships which completely changed my view toward the sustainable development. With due interest in governance and sustainability, I chose to undertake my academic thesis research on “CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH URBAN PLANNING”, which was one of my best work in the period of four years. The quality of time I’ve spent for my thesis research made me more curious to know about the root cause for the pressing current issues in our country. And as such various questions started raising which were hidden beneath all the issues that’s arising globally. Hence my approach is completely based of the development and its impact on social cause and human behavior. Currently I’m enhancing my knowledge about all the aspects related to human development and I’ve enrolled for various online courses related to Geography of India, Indian government and politics, UGDM, Urban land use and transportation planning, Constitution of India and Environmental Governance and so on. Hence my future plans is to be an UPSC civil servant. In that process I would like to get hands on experience through internships which focuses of society, planning and diversity as well as giving attention to current issues which would be an advantage for my professional career. BY - H PRIYA SAI

H Priya Sai

What did I do? 2002-2012- Schooling Kendriya Vidyalaya No. 1 Tamil Nadu

priya1991997@gmail.com https://www.linkedin.com/ in/priya-sai/

2013-2015- 11th &12th Standard Dept – MPC- 82.3% Narayana Junior College Telangana

2015-2019- PG Diploma Dept- Urban Planning and Development–Ongoing IGNOU Telangana

https://www.facebook.com /priya.rathore.9465177 13-24/4 SV Township, badangpet, Telangana.

Hello, I’m young, passionate and motivated urban planner. I like to learn and perform in an energetic environment which is challenging. Through my past education I’ve gained a sound technical and practical knowledge in the field of development studies. And physical, social and technological development is something that is going to bring a revolution in the future and I seek to study about it with the backdrop of urban and regional planning.

WHERE DID I WORK? SOCIETY FOR ADVANCEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATION, Telangana, 2017 Major works done 1. Primary Survey in a Village. 2. Secondary Survey in a Village. 3. Analysis of Issues in the villages. 4. Educating and encouraging the villagers to increase the agricultural activities. 5. Conducting meeting with the scientists.

REGIONAL CENTRE FOR URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES (RCUES) Hyderabad, Telangana, 2019 Major works done 1. Preparation of Andhra Pradesh Master Plans 2. Report Writing 3. Survey Analysis

2015-2019- B Tech Dept- Urban and Regional Planning – 65% Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University Telangana

2012-2013- 10th Standard Dept – CBSE - 7.2 Defence Laboratory School Telangana

SKILLS

TECHNICAL SKILLS

RESEARCH AND ANALYTICAL SKILLS Reading and Understanding Laws and Policies, SWOT PRESENTATION AND COMMUNICATION Excellent command over English communicating and presenting.

2020-2022- Masters in Regional Planning - Ongoing School of Planning and Architecture Delhi

for

MS OFFICE AUTO CAD 2D SKETCH UP ARC GIS

WRITING Simplified and vivid way of writing and explaining complex phenomenon.

SKETCHING

LANGUAGES KNOWN English, Hindi, Banjari, Tamil, and Telugu

ACHIEVEMENTS BHARAT SCOUTS AND GUIDES 1. 2.

Tritiya Sopan – 2010 Rajya Puraskar – 2011

WHAT CAN I DO? AREAS OF INTRESTS Spatial Data Analysis Policy and Governance Urban Planning Regional Planning Public Administration Gender Studies

FREE TIME Sketching Listening Songs Research Movies Workout

BY - H PRIYA SAI

NEIGHBOURHOOD & AREA PLANNING INTRODUCTION

STANDARDS

Total Commercial Area – 2,192.77 Sq. M

TOPIC Total Site Area Total No Of Plots Minimum Open Space For Total Site Area Of Each Plot Set Backs Front Sides Heights Commercial Complexes, services For Total Site Area Parking For Total Area Green Spaces Or Planted Area Intermediate Hospital Nursing Home, Child & Maternity Hospital Hotel(for Population Above 100) Water Recycling Plant(for Population Above 100) Pre Primary Or Nursery Senior Secondary School Community Hall Post Office Fire Station Present In A Travel Distance Of Petrol Bunk Gas Station Auto, Riksha Stand Bus Stop Police Station Graveyard Park

Total Recreational Area – 18,444.242 Sq. M

Water Supply (Tap Water)

Total Parking Area – 1,081.64 Sq. M

Water Supply (Bore Water) Electricity Underground Sewerage Line

A Neighborhood Plan (sometimes called a Neighborhood Development Plan) is a way of helping local communities to influence the planning of the area in which they live and work. It can be used to: 1.

Develop a shared vision for your neighborhood.

Choose where new homes, shops, offices and other development should be built.

Identify and protect important local green spaces.

4. Influence what new buildings should look like. As a part of academic project we were tasked to prepare a Neighbourhood and Area Planning for a piece of land in Vikarabad, Telangana covering an area of about 30 acers with the help of various planning theories. The Neighbourhood Planning for the land in Shadnagar is designed based of “Neighbourhood theory” proposed by “Clarence Perry”. Clarence A. Perry’s Neighborhood Unit of 1929

NEIGHBOURHOOD UNIT CONCEPT The ‘neighborhood unit’ as a planning concept evolved in response to the degenerated environmental and social conditions fostered as a consequence of industrial revolution in the early 1900s. One of the earliest authors to attempt a definition of the ‘neighborhood unit’ in fairly specific terms was Clarence Arthur Perry (1872-1944), a New York planner.

DESIGN STANDARDS FOR VIKARABAD NEIGHBOURHOOD PLAN Total Area – 30 Acers Total Population - 5,064 Total Residential Area - 54,951.06 Sq. M

Perry described the neighborhood unit as that populated area which would require and support an elementary school with an enrolment of between 1,000 and 1,200 pupils. This would mean a population of between 5,000 and 6,000 people. Developed as a low density dwelling district with a population of 10 families per acre, the neighborhood unit would occupy about 160 acres and have a shape which would render it unnecessary for any child to walk a distance of more than onequarter mile to school. About 10 percent of the area would be allocated to recreation, and through traffic arteries would be confined to the surrounding streets, internal streets being limited to service access for residents of the neighborhood. The unit would be served by shopping facilities, churches, and a library, and a community center, the latter being located in conjunction with the school (Gallion, 1984).

DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDENTIAL AREA BASED ON POPULATION

PRINCIPLES OF NEIGHBOURHOOD UNIT

EWS (Economically Weaker Section)

1. 2.

Major arterials and through traffic routes should not pass through residential neighborhoods. Instead these streets should provide boundaries of the neighborhood; Interior street patterns should be designed and constructed through use of cul-de-sacs, curved layout and light duty surfacing so as to encourage a quiet, safe and low volume traffic movement and preservation of the residential atmosphere; The population of the neighborhood should be that which is required to support its elementary school;

Total Public and Semi-Public Area – 13,123.78 Sq. M

Total Area for Roads – 39,641.836 Sq. M

Number of Buildings

Number of Floors per Building

G+2

Number of Families per Floor

6 Families

Number of Members per Floor

Total number of Population per Building

Area of each Building

573.56 Sq. M

Set Back

Total Population

576

Total Area

10,276.61 Sq. M

4. The neighborhood focal point should be the elementary school centrally located on a common or green, along with other institutions that have service areas coincident with the neighborhood boundaries; 5. The radius of the neighborhood should be a maximum of one quarter mile thus precluding a walk of more than that distance for any elementary school child; and 6. Shopping districts should be sited at the edge of neighborhoods preferably at major street intersections.

HIG (High Income Group)

GO 168 STANDARDS/ IRC/ NBC 1acre(minimum) For Lig Not Mentioned 10%/Acre 50sq.Mts-125sq.Mts 1.5m 1m Up to 12m Road, Eight Of The Building Should Be Between 21-24m 5%/Acre 30% 3%/Acre 1 For 1 Lakh Population 1 For 0.45-1 Lakh Population Should Be Provided Should Be Provided 1 For 2500 Population 1 For 7500 Population 1 For 15000 Population Should Be Provided 1-3km For 2 Lakh Population 300m Between 2 Fuel Station 300M BETWEEN 2 FUEL STATION (1 For 40,000-50,000 POPULATION) Should Not Exceed 0.5km From The Farthest Pont Of Any Residential Area Should Not Exceed 0.5km From The Farthest Pont Of Any Residential Area 1 For Every 90,000 Population 2 Sites For 5 Lakh Population 3-4 Parks And Open Grounds 70-100lphd(9"(main), 6"(branches), 4"(sub Branches),3"( Next Sub Branch), 15mm,20mm (To The Houses) 9”/6” 2KW( At House Hold) 11KW (At Substation) 1 Electric Substation For 15,000 Population 300mm(dia)-main 150mm MIG (Middle Income Group)

LIG (Lower Income Group)

Number of Families per Floor

Number of Members per Floor

G+7

Number of Buildings

Number of Floors per Building

G+6

Number of Floors per Building

G+6

Number of Families per Floor

2 Families

Number of Families per Floor

4 Families

Number of Members per Floor

Total number of Population per Building

Area of each Building

203.58 Sq. M

Area of each Building

390.68 Sq. M

Set Back

Total Population

624

Total Population

1,344

Total Area

8,755.76 Sq. M

Total Area

12,422.85 Sq. M

Number of Families per Floor

6 Families

Set Back

Number of Members per Floor

Total Population

2,520

Total number of Population per Building

168

Total Area

23,528.25 Sq. M

Area of each Building

478.53 Sq. M

BY - H PRIYA SAI

PUBLIC FACILITIES MAP

ZONING MAP

BUILDING CROSS SECTION MAP

SITE MAP

CONTOUR AND CROSS SECTION

HIG

MIG LIG

EWS

BY - H PRIYA SAI

RURAL AREA PLANNING CONNECTIVITYTO NEAR BY CITIES

AIM : Toanalyze the critical issues of transportation by improving existing roadnetworks of Anthampet Village OBJECTIVE: • Toimprove existing transportation • To Improve access to public transport for all people by strengthening the conditions for sustainable transport modes INTRODUCTION Anthampet village is located in Marriguda Tehsil of Nalgonda district in Telangana, India. It is situated 12km away from sub-district headquarter Marriguda and 58km away from district headquarter Nalgonda. As per 2009 stats, Anthampeta is the gram panchayat of Anthampet village. The total geographical area of village is 196 hectares. Anthampet has a total population of 2182 peoples.

DISTANCE65-66.9KM

BUS STOPS

DISTANCE

TALUKA

DISTANCE

Shivanagudda

3.8Km

Marriguda

11Km

Ghattuppal

7.5Km

Narayanapur

15Km

Thandarupalle

8.1Km

Nampally

18Km

Chandur

21Km

VILLAGES

DISTANCE

Namapuram

4.9Km

Kottala

8Km

Sarampet

5.8Km

BHUVANAGIRI FORT

LB NAGAR JN.

RAILWAY STATION

DISTANCE

Chityala

38Km

Ramannapet

41Km

Srirampuram

44Km

Vanigonda

44Km

DEVARAKONDA FORT

DISTANCE58.8KM

DISTANCE54.5KM

ROAD CONDITIONS

CROSSSECTION

TRANSPORTATIONOBSERVATIONSATANTHAMPETVILLAGE No. of buses : 1 No. of trips : 1 Only one bus available in the village i.e. at 10p.m. Main road: Cement road Type of road in front of house: mud road Mode of transportation to work is by walk mostly. Quality of road is very poor. Street lights are connected to current poles. Road width : 3-3.75 m RANKING OF ROADS 1 2

TYPEOF ROADS Cement road Mud road

CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL Cement, Concrete Mud, Concrete

WIDTH OF ROADS

LENGTHOF ROADS

CONDITION OF ROAD

3mts

700mts

Good

1-2.5mts

7.5kms

Poor

BY - H PRIYA SAI

ECOBOND STABILIZER

NEARBYVILLAGES CC ROAD MUD ROAD

The village is maximum covered with mud roads, i.e. 60%. Remaining 40% Is CC road.

NAMAPURAM

Eco bond hardens soil dramatically increases the water resistance and strength of soil creating a new, cost effective and durable building material. Eco bond is eco friendly (biodegradable, inert, does not leach out, does not contribute to global warming), does not cause shrinkage (no expansion joints), durable, economical, needs no curing with water, helps to create jobs, adheres to old Eco bond, concrete, stone, easy repair/maintenance, etc. Mix Eco bond chemicals with water into the surface layer of a gravel road and then level and compact and add bituminous seal on the top when dry. Approximately 3% Eco bond combined with most soils transforms it into an excellent building material for the construction of roads, houses, dams and many other applications. Eco bond can be used to construct high quality roads at very low cost, the on site soil was combined with Eco bond, compacted and a 6mm bitumen slurry was used to seal the road. The road gets capacity to carry more than 15 million vehicles (1000 large trucks per day). The completed road costs considerably less than a conventional road. ECOBOND STABILIZER PROCESS

yes

Public transportation used by people in anthampet village

KOTTALA

The surface is ripped to the required depth and the Eco bond is sprayed on.

The Eco bond Soil Slab is then levelled and shaped.

SARAMPET

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

PROPOSALS

ISSUES IDENTIFICATION

PROPOSALS

Mud roads are in bad condition Heterogeneous Road widths Open dumping on the road sides. Distance between street lights are unequal. There is no proper maintenance for B.T roads as well cement Water logging on the roads when it rains.

Toconvert mud roads into cement roads. Improvement of existing road to Ghatuppal to encourage commercial activity. Street lights are to be placed at equal distance & should be provided mainly on the side of B.T road. Routine and periodic maintenance should be planned. Improvement in the frequency of buses to village for easy accessibility

The soil is then mixed with Eco bond using a grader

19 Using a heavy roller the Eco bond Soil Slab is then compacted

The final product is a smooth, safe and durable driving surface

BY - H PRIYA SAI

URBAN PLANNING STUDIO INTRODUCTION

PROPOSALS

Nizamabad – A popular district in Telangana situated at a distance of about 175 kms from North-West of Hyderabad. The District derived its name as Nizamabad (Nizam-a-abadi) from the Nizam of Hyderabad Asaf Jahi, VI who had ruled Deccan during the 18th Century A.D. Originally the district called was INDUR known to have originated in the name of king Indradatta who had ruled this region during 5th Century A.D. During the Prime Minister-ship of Sir Salar Jung-I in the 1876 A.D, the district is in the Nizam’s Dominion were re-organized where upon INDUR became a District. The Nizamabad Municipal Corporation (MCN or NMC) is the local governing body, administering the city of Nizamabad in the Indian state of Telangana. It is the third largest city in the state after Hyderabad and Warangal. As of 2011 census, the municipal corporation had a population of 311,152. The municipal corporation consists of democratically elected members, is headed by a mayor and administers the city's governance, infrastructure and administration. Hence the study is about one of the physical infrastructure, i.e. Water Supply Solid waste, etc. in Nizamabad Municipal Corporation.

INSTALATION OF WATER METERS Provision of water meters to all house service connections The supply of potable water to citizens at their doorstep involves significant costs in building, operating and maintaining a system to do so. In a water supply system, the quantum of service provided to citizens is directly measurable, and therefore it is necessary that all the water supplied to all categories of consumers should be metered. Metering will also induce efficiency in use of water, reveal physical and administrative leakages in the system, and enable high-end consumers to be charged for consuming more. Installation of water meters for every individual house should make compulsory by the government in order to reaching thebenchmark

WATER SUPPLY As per 2011 Census it consists of 66,670 Households in which water is supplied with a measure of 47.09 MLD and is well equipped with 54 MLD installation capacity's scheme having sources at Alisagar, Raghunath Tank and Manchippa and later on it will be increased to 72.32 MLD with an inclusion of Masani Filters. LOCATION

Manchippa

Ali Sagar

Mansani

Nizam Sagar Lake

STORAGE CAPICITY CAPACITYIN MLD

Alisagar Manchippa

8608.00 ML 3426.00 ML

35.92 11.35

Mansani Tank Total

4063.00 ML 16097.00 ML

25.05 72.32

The net effective capacity of the storage tanks is about 16097.00 ML and among this available summer storage capacity is about14237.44ML.

WATER SUPPLY Alisagar, Raghunath Tank, Manchippa Source Of Water Per capita Water Supply 124 LPCD House Service Connections 25,203 Nos Public Taps 350 Frequency of Water Supply Daily Qty. Of Water Supply(MLD) 72 No. of HSC’s / PT’s 25,203/350 No. of Hand Bores ( Existing/ Working) 1225/1050 Length of Water Supply Pipelines (Km) 745.00 Kms Hours of Water Supply 1Hour Periodicity of Water Supply Daily Monthly C.C Charges of Water Supply Rs. 24.95 Lakhs

Frequency of water supply.

daily.

Coverage of water supply connections. There is no metering of watersupply connections.

good

Cost recovery

Water scarcity during summerseason. THREATS Loss of water due to leakages

No. of water supplyzones (a)

Cost of each leak correlator and leak detector (b)

Total cost of leak correlator and leak detector (a x b)

10,40,165/-

52,00,825/-

There are 5 water supply zones in Nizamabad in which allocating each zone with one “leak correlator” for periodical use in that particular zones. Investing 52,00,825/- for leak correlator can reduce the water waste and that water can be used for increasing water connections and lpcd for household’s.

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Periodicity of water supply is

Employment opportunities

REDUCTION OF NON REVENUE WATER SUPPLY

COST ESTIMATION

DIGITAL WATER LEAK CORRELATOR

WEAKNESS

OPPORTUNITIES

20mm. magnetically coupled, multi jet, inferential type, dry dial,class-B water meters.

Rate Rs.1,300/-(with 1 year warranty) Rs.1,500/-( with 3 year warranty) Fixing chargesRs.500/- extra Rs.2500/-(with 1 year warranty) Fixing chargesRs.500/- extra

The reduction in Non Revenue water supply (NRW) to acceptable levels is vital for the financial sustainability of the water utility. NRW can be reduced through appropriate technical and managerial actions. The reduction of real losses can be used to meet currently unsatisfied demand or to defer future capital expenditures to provide additional supply capacity. In Nizamabad Non Revenue water supply strikes 63% the water loss is due to leakages and theft to overcome such issues some measures to be taken.

STRENGTH

Quality of water supply is

Pipe-size 15mm. magnetically coupled ,multi jet, inferential type, dry dial,class-B water meters.

Leakage of pipelines.

Digital Water Leak Correlator is an electronic device used for Leak Detection and as a leak locator to find leaks in pressurized water line. By placing sensors on two points of the pipe, the correlator is able to calculate how far the leak is from each point. Water leak noise correlation listens for water leak noises and calculates the distance to the leak. A leak in a pipe under pressure creates noise that travels through the pipe walls. The noise is detected at two separate points. Using the pipe diameter, pipe material and pipe length, the exact leak position can be calculated accurately and quickly. The placement of the sensors in water distribution system should be 450meters. There are many benefits using a leak correlator. 1. It is very useful in finding leaks on larger pipes such as mains in the streets and large commercial facilities. 2. The leak correlator can also work on low pressure leaks such as chilled and heated water lines. 3. Leak Correlators also make it possible to listen to large sections of piping very quickly, making whole system surveys less manpower intensive. 4. But the TRUE benefit of this particular water leak correlator is that the water does not have to be shut off to pinpoint the exact location of the leak.

Rapid urbanization has led to over-stressing urban infrastructure services including municipal solid waste management because of poor resources and inadequacies of the existing systems. According to sources in the sanitation wing of the corporation, garbage in metric tonnes is generated in the town, but every day at least 25 per cent garbage is left over in the town. As a result, garbage is piled up on main roads and stuck in drains Community bins, commercialwaste, hospital waste

Auto’s

Transfer points

Household waste

Tractors

Door ToDoor Collection By Rickshaw’s

DUMPING YARD

Auto’s

BY - H PRIYA SAI

DCMS

STATEMENT SHOWING THE GARBAGE GENERATION/LIFTING INNIZAMABAD MUNICIPAL CORPORATION Name of the

Total No. of

TotalNo.

Municipality

Public Health workers

Of Vehicles

Nizamabad

Garbage Lifted

Garbage Generated G

218MT (135MT by Door to 54Nos Door) (86MT in Commercial & Other Areas)

562

207MT

Name ofthe Municipality

TotalNo. of Div.

Nizamabad

STATEMENT SHOWING THE DOOR TO DOOR GARBAGE COLLECTION IN NIZAMABAD MUNICIPALCORPORATION No. of Garbage Garbage Total No. of Divisions in which Door % of Generated by Door to Lifting inDoor to Door Vehicles working in Door to Door to Door Garbage Collection Door Collection Garbage Collection Garbage Collection Collected 50 divisions

142MT

135 MT

25 autos, 3 DCMs, 3 tractors

Total Number of labour working in Door to Door Garbage Collection

95%

SOLID WASTE GENERATED

POPULATION FORECAST METHOD

PROJECTED POPULATION

SOLID WASTE GENERATED IN 2021 (TONS/DAY)

PROJECTE D POPULATIO N 2031

SOLID WASTE GENERATED IN 2031 (TONS/DAY)

3,60,030

180.015

4,08,908

204.454

3,45,033

172.5165

3,63,917

181.9585

3,79,917

189.9585

4,63,878

231.939

Arithmetical Increase Method Incremental Method Geometrical Increase Method

WEAKNESS No proper solid waste management system.

PROPOSALS

STRENGTH

SMART BINS Door to door collection of Bio Enable smart waste bin sensor is compatible with any type of container installation to monitor any type of substance or waste in real-time. smart waste bin sensor can be attached to any type of container to monitor the filllevel. Its ultrasonic fill-level sensor enables it to detect any type of waste.

solidwaste. Proper segregation of municipalsolid waste

Smart waste bin sensor transmits data it collects in real-time through wireless networks to Bio Enable smart waste management platform,. 2G and 3G telecommunication modules are available through WCDMA and GSM networks. Sensor Based Waste Collection Bins is used to identify status of waste bins if it is empty or filled so as to customize the waste collection schedule accordingly and also save the cost. Real time waste management system by using smart dustbins to check the fill level of dustbins whether the dustbins are full or not, through this system the information of all smart dustbins can be accessed from anywhere and anytime by the concerned person. It provides complete solution with manpower that makes waste collection and dispatch operations.

Dumping of solid waste along road sidesin habitable areas, on to open drains etc. Leads to unhygienic conditions. Stacking of garbage in open/empty lands for long time further aggravates theproblem.

COST ESTIMATION Road length (a)

36400m

Placement of each dustbin (b)

200m

No.of dustbins (c=a/b)

1820

Cost of each bin (d)

2500Rs

Cost of 1820 bins (d=cxd)

45,50,000Rs

OPPORTUNITIES

THREATS

Employment generation

Health problems due to road side dumping of garbage

in this sector.

Cost of smart bin sensors per unit (e)

250Rs

Increase in flies and mosquito causing diseases

Cost of 1820 smart bin sensors (f=exd)

4,55,000Rs

Cost recovery

Dumping of solid waste along roadsides causing blocking of

TOTAL COST (d+f)

50,05,000Rs

drains and pipelines MODEL 1

MODEL 2

Cost effective GSM/GPRS Support all GSM SIM cards Designed & Bio Assembled Enable

Wi Fi network optional Fire resistant and alert Support all GSM SIM cards Designed & Assembled by Bio Enable

SPECIFICATIONS Compact water resistant Fire resistant design Under 450 gms 2 years battery life (5yrs optional add on) Replaceable battery

SPECIFICATIONS Inbuilt temperature sensor Ultrasonic dual sensor 5 years battery life (10yrs optional addon) GSM/GPRS inbuilt

causing over flow of waste water.

Intelligent Monitoring Send optimized route directly todrivers Know the fill level garbage bins Collection operations become more efficient and Smarter It will stop overflowing of dustbins along roadsides and localities as smart bins are managed at real time. The filling and cleaning time of smart bin will also be reduced thus making empty and clean dustbins available to common people. Less amount of fuel consumed by vehicles thus can save a large amount of money as well.

BY - H PRIYA SAI

WORKSHOP INTRODUCTION Khairatabad is in Hyderabad, India. It ha s a major road junction of five roads called the Khairatabad circle, among the busiest in the city. The roads leading from the junction are towards and from Somajiguda, Ameerpet, Hussain sagar, Lakdi-ka-pul, and Anandnagar. Khairatabad is one of the oldest settlement in Hyderabad. Khairatabad mosque was constructed in 1626 AD. It has a major road junction of five roads called the Khairatabad circle, among the busiest in the city. No slums are seen in the ward, because major part of the ward is covered with Hussain sagar and the remaining part is covered with mixed land use and public & semi public buildings. WARD NO CIRCLE ZONE HOUSEHOLDS WARD AREA

96 10 17 6950

C O VERAGE OF WATER SUPPLY CONNECTIONS Total n u m b e r of ho u se ho ld s in the service a r e a

6950

Total n u m b e r of ho u se ho ld s with direct water s u p p l y connection

6950

% of coverage of water s u p p l y

100% GODAVARI RIVER

HMWSSB

8.6485 S Q KM RED HILLS PUMPING STATION

ANAND NAGAR OVERHEAD TANK

HOUSEHOLDS

The maximum of about 46% is covered by water bodies and remaining 1 9 % Residential area, 13% Public & SemiPublic, 7 % Commercial, 4% Mixed use and 1 1 % is used for Recreational spaces.

BY - H PRIYA SAI

COST RECOVERY

PROPOSALS KEY RECOMENDATIONS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Levy fines on illegal connection done through inferior quality of pipes leads to water pollution resulting in health hazards Leakage spots, illegal connections, transportation losses identified by surveys Provision of metered public stand posts Compulsion of harvesting structure for storage of rain water. Priority given to lake / water body inter linking & connection of storm water network with lakes. Community based development, citizens educated about water & it’s importance through awareness programs

Implement differentiated area based tariffs among residential progressively shift to volumetric tariffs for all connections. a. b. c.

connections and

Enforce connection level metering and volumetric tariffs for Commercial connections with immediate effect. For residential connections, consider introducing user charge slabs for residential connections based on size of property initially. In the medium to long term, with improvement in service levels, there can be a shift to 100% metering of residential connections and to volumetric tariff. Formalize adoption of tariff setting principles and cost recovery targets through development of a Water Tariff Policy.

Enunciate bye-laws on connection-disconnection policy to deal with unauthorized connections and user charge defaulters. ACTION PLANS

Formulate and enforce municipal bye-laws on Rainwater harvesting in line with the Government Order on Rainwater harvesting of Municipal Administration and Urban Development Department, GoAP. (Primer prepared under JNNURM on rainwater harvesting).

EFFICIENCY IN COLLECTION Develop and disseminate a periodically updated Citizen Charter outlining commitments and assurances on service levels including the following: 1. 2. 3. LEGEND Water supply line

5. PER CAPITA SUPPLY OF WATER Water supplied to the distribution s y s t e m

Coverage of water Per capita s u p p l y of water Extent of metering Extent of non-revenue water Quality of water supplied C o s t recovery in water s u p p l y Efficiency in collection of water s u p p l y related c ha r g e s Continuity of water s u p p l y Efficiency in redressal of complaints

34740 15 7 5 LPCD LEVELOF SERVICE

GAP

100% 1 3 5 LPCD 100% 20% 100% 100% 90%

100% 7 5 LPCD 25% 40% 64.5% 92.9% 94%

0% 60 LPCD 75% -20% 35.5% 7.1% -4%

24 hrs 80%

1 - 2 hrs 90%

22hrs -10%

MOUD

Duration, quantity, quality and cost of supply Periodicity of reading and calibration of

39MLD

Population served Number of d a y s in the mo nth Water supplied per person per da y INDICATOR

Integrated billing and multiple payment options to customers including through a) payment through banks b) additional facilitation / e-governance counters, c) mobile vans and door-to-door collection drives and d) online payment option Combination of rebates (for early payment) and penalties (for late payment) and create awareness regarding these options to incentivise payment on time Dissemination of user charge defaulters online and across media. When the Municipal Council is elected, the Top 20 default cases in each ward should be brought to notice of individual Council members and support of the Council Members and Residents’ Welfare Associations should be sought to resolve these cases. Insist clearance of user charge dues when citizens require access to other urban services (issue of birth certificate etc.) EXTENT OF METERING OF WATER CONNECTIONS

water meters

Provision of water meters to all house service connections: Install bulk meters at all intake and discharge points including Intake facilities, Intermediate storage, Water Treatment Plants, Pumping stations and Storage reservoirs along with implementing mechanisms to keep a log of water flows and discharge at these locations daily.

Process and time taken for providing water

QUALITY OF WATERSUPPLIED 1.

Implement a Water Quality Monitoring Protocol to ensure compliance

To IS standards covering both piped supply and ground water.

It is critical to monitor groundwater for possible contamination and confirmation of suitability of ground water for potable use.

Disinfection treatment done at distribution points; chlorine content & quality measured on daily basis

connectivity.

Time taken for resolving complaints.

BY - H PRIYA SAI

METROPOLITAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING NO.OF SLUMS

SLUM POPULATION

HOUSEHOLDS

NOTIFIED

NON NOTIFIED

DILAPIDATED HOUSES CONDITION IN VILLAGES

KARIMNAGAR

82152

18983

HUZURABAD

11781

3084

JAMMIKUNTA

4200

1250

Ellandakunta mandal is having 11% of dilapidated condition of housing. Followed by Mandal’s namely Karimnagar(U), Choppadandi, Veenavanka, Gangadhara with 5% of dilapidated housing condition.

INTRODUCTION Karimnagar region was originally called as ELAGANDALA. The district shares boundaries with Jagtial, Pedapalli, Warangal, Siddipet, Rajanna and Jayashankar Bhupalpally Districts. AREA = 2128 sq.km DENSITY = 473 sq.km

REVENUE VILLAGES = 210 REVENUE MANDALS = 16

REVENUE DIVISIONS = 2 GRAMPAMCHAYATS = 276

HOUSING

CONDITION OF HOUSEHOLDS

Housing is one of the basic requirements for human survival. Housing refers to the construction and assigned usage of houses or buildings collectively, for the purpose of sheltering people

Ellandakunta Huzurabad

SLUMS Chigurumamidi Slum is a compact area of overcrowded populations, poorly built congested dwelling condition, unhygienic environment usually with inadequate infrastructure and lacking in proper sanitary and drinking water facilities. TOTAL NUMBER OF SLUMS

83 Manakondur

KARIMNAGAR

SLUM POPULATION

98133

NOTIFIED SLUMS

NON – NOTIFIED SLUMS

TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS

23317

Huzurabad Ramadugu

20% HUZURABAD 70%

2011 CENSUS

POPULATION

11,05,711

HOUSEHOLDS

2,58,485

SEX RATIO

993

WORKING POPULATION

46%

LITERACY RATE

69.69%

GROWTH RATE

Rural houses

HOUSEHOLD SIZE IN DISTRICT 1% 6%

Jammikunta

Karimnagar

Manakondur 0%

JAMMIKUNTA

TOTAL

Total houses

OWNERSHIP STATUS

Timmapur

SLUMS %

10%

Jammikunta

20%

40%

154,828

68,663

100%

69.2%

30.8%

80%

100% Karimnagar

GOOD

LIVABLE

DILAPIDATED

60% villages are in Good condition of housing, There is very less i.e. 5% of dilapidated condition of housing. 35% villages are in Livable condition

1 2

13%

16%

HOUSING CONDITION IN KARIMNAGAR REGION

20% OWNED

40% RENTED

60%

80%

16%

ANY OTHER

Ganneruvaram mandal is having 96% of ownership status , Karimnagar mandal is having of 25% rented status, Kothapally mandal is having 3% of another status.

RENTED HOUSES IN VILLAGES

31%

6-8

4 HH is having 31% in Karimnagar region. The household size of Karimnagar region is 4.5.

Mandal’s namely, Karimnagar(U), Kothapally, Jammikunta and Karimnagar(R) are having more rented households and are followed by Huzurabad, Choppadandi and Timmapur Mandal's.

7 1 GOOD

LIVABLE

DILAPIDATED

In district, we can say that 63% of good, 32% Livable, 5% Dilapidated condition of housing. + 1,83,929 Rural households

Urban households

In district, we can say that 91% of owned, 7% of rented, 1% Any other status of ownership of housing.

74,556

2,58,485 Total Households

100%

17%

Urban houses

2,23,491

60%

OWNED

RENTED

ANY OTHER OWNERSHIP STATUS IN KARIMNAGAR DISTRICT

BY - H PRIYA SAI

TYPE OF STRUCTURES IN VILLAGES

SWOT ANALYSIS

LIGHTING FACILITIES IN VILLAGES In district, we can say that 64% of Permanent, 33% of Semi permanent 3% Temporary type of structures.

Mandal’s namely Ganneruvaram and Chigurumamidi are having more than 40% of Semi structures. Ellandakunta with 11% is having more temporary structures.

Villages namely Pachunur, Elabotharam, Chinnamkotapally are having more households without lighting facility.

STRENGHTHS

WEAKNESS

Unavailability of drinking water(40%). Location of drinking water(12%) are away from households. Poor sanitation facilities. 59% in region have no latrine facilities. In slums the Slum population in Karimnagar town is 30% of total population. Poor infrastructure facilities in Slums.

OPPORTUNITIES

Schemes and policies implementation for better improvement in shortage of houses and also for decreasing the slums percentage. Vacant houses can be occupied or can be allotted to homeless people. Housing condition in slums can be improved.

THREATS

Natural calamities can cause lot of damage to houses and lives of people in the region. Dilapidated condition of houses can also be a great threat to lives of people. Shortage of houses. Unhygienic condition in slums. Polluted water and health problems in slums.

TYPE OF STRUCTURES IN KARIMNAGAR DISTRICT

3 33 64 PERMANENT

SEMI PERMANENT

TEMPORARY PROPOSALS

DRINKING WATER FACILITIES IN VILLAGES

HOUSING SCHEMES IN KARIMNAGAR

LOCATION OF DRINKING WATER IN DISTRICT

Mandal’s namely, Ellandakunta, Manakondur, Shankarapatnam, are having more households are going far away to fetch drinking water..

WITHIN

Integrated Novel Development in Rural Areas and Model Municipal Areas (INDIRAMMA) (2006) Housing for all (2BHK)

PREMISIS NEAR

Integrated Novel Development In Rural Areas And Model Municipal Areas (Indiramma) (2006)

12% 20% 68%

The primary aim of this program is to provide in every village pucca houses, drinking water supply, individual sanitary latrines, drainage, power supply to every household, Road facilities for transport, pensions to eligible old age persons, weavers, widows and the disabled, primary education to all, special nutrition to adolescent girls/pregnant and lactating women and better health facilities in all the villages over a period of three years in a saturation mode, This shall improve the living standards of the people significantly

In district, there is 68% of within premises of location of drinking water,20% of near premises and 12% away . Housing For All (2BHK) SANITATION FACILITIES IN VILLAGES Mandal’s namely, Ellandakunta, Veenavanka, Jammikunta, V Saidapur are having more households without latrine facilities.

2BHK scheme is a housing scheme by the Government of Telangana in Telangana, India. The free 2BHK scheme provides 2.72 lakh by March 2019 in phase 1 and 3 lakh by 2024 houses in rural and urban areas in the at a cost of ₹36,00 in0 crores. It aims to make the city of Hyderabad, slum-free city.

1462

HOUSES ALLOTED RURAL 1142

HOUSES ALLOTED URBAN 320

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

In Karimnagar region, housing schemes are not being properly implemented. More than 50% of villages are having dilapidated houses. Housing shortage. Rental housing status is more in Karimnagar(U) and Kothapally mandal. Due to not having land ownership the rental status is more. Semi-permanent structures and temporary structures is a result of inefficiency of housing schemes. More than 50% of the villages are having worst sanitation facilities in the entire region, no sanitation facilities and poor sanitation may cause a threat. Comparing to regional average 15% of the villages in the entire region are having less power connections. In Karimnagar region 40% villages are having more problem with drinking water facilities. Poor infrastructure facilities in Slums. Unhygienic condition in slums. Polluted water and health problems in slums.

COST FOR 2BHK THROUGH SCHEME RECOMMENDATIONS

UNIT COST RURAL AREA HOUSE INFRASTRUCTURE 5.04 Lakhs 1.25 lakhs

URBAN AREA HOUSE INFRASTRUCTURE 5.30 lakhs 75,000

2. 3.

2BHK SCHEME STATUS IN KARIMNAGAR REGION

HOUSES ALLOTED

ISSUES IDENTIFICATION

2. 3.

PREMISIS AWAY

Ownership status, 91% of owned houses. 63%of Good condition of houses. 64% of Permanent structures. In Slums, socio economic activities is very active. The households in slums are mostly labour.

HOUSES SACTIONED 1462

4. 5. 6. 7.

By addressing the dilapidated housing conditions, rural housing schemes are to be implemented more effectively in the entire region. 12,924 Households need immediate renovation / reconstruction under the scheme 2BHK or Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana. Implementing affordable housing schemes in the Karimnagar region. 18,093 Households need housing schemes to be implemented to have ownership status. Proper implementation of housing scheme can have a good result in avoiding semi-permanent and temporary structures, and also improve the percentage of roofing condition to pucca of houses. To improve the quality standard of drinking water facility in the region which had poor quality water supplies should be improved under the MISSION BHAGIRATHA project. Constructing new toilets and improvement of poor sanitation conditions for 1,52,506 households through SWACH BHARAT MISSION &HUDCO schemes. Increasing the infrastructure facilities for the villages for improving the lighting facilities in region. Implementing schemes and programmes for improvement of slums.

BY - H PRIYA SAI

PRACTICAL TRAINING I INTRODUCTION TO WORK AREA

INTRODUCTION TO FARMER PRODUCTION COMPANY

The Society for Advancement for Individual (SAI) voluntary organization is an Non-Governmental Organization. The main motive of the organization is to create awareness about various issues related to health, education and agriculture sector in rural areas and its major focus is on improving agricultural practices and income generating activities in rural areas. The CEO of the organization is E Venkanna. ROLE AS A VOLUNTEER As a Volunteer in the Organization the major responsibility was to conduct various stake holders surveys related to infrastructure facilities and analyse it about the major requirements of the villages and report it to the superiors. And encourage and create awareness about the agricultural practices and conduct meeting among the villagers and agricultural scientists, as well as encourage them for small scale business to generate income at the village level, such as formation of FPC (Farmer Production Company). Being a volunteer in the organization, along with my team mates had to travel to various districts of Telangana, i.e. Mahabubabad, Suryapet and Warangal, etc.

A farmer producer company is a hybrid between cooperative societies and private limited companies. An expert pane led by Y.K. Alagh, center had amended the Indian companies act, 1956 in 2002-03 to provide for “producer companies”. The objective of the concept of FPC is to organize farmers into a collective to improve their bargaining strength in the market. They are owned and governed by shareholder farmer or artisans and administered by professional managers. They adopt all the good principles of cooperative and the efficient business practices of companies and seek to address the inadequacies of cooperative structure.

GUDUR MANDAL Gudur is a mandal in Mahabubabad District of Telangana State, India. It is located 27km towards south from district head quarters Mahabubabad. It is a mandal head quarters. Gudur is surrounded by khanapur mandal, Chennaraopet mandal towards west, Kesamudram mandal towards sout, Narsampet mandal towards north. Yellandu, Warangal, Khammam, Palwancha are the nearby cities in Gudur. Gudur Mandal of Mahabubabad district has total population of 55,781 as per the census 2011. Out of which 28,225 are males while 27,556 are females. In 2011 there were total 14,289 families residing in Gudur Mandal. As per census 2011 out of total population 0% people lives in urban areas while 100% lives in the rural areas.

A farmer production company can be formed by any 10 or more primary producers or by two or more producer institutions, or by a contribution of both. They can undertake activities related to production, harvesting, procurement, grading, pooling, marketing, processing, etc., of agriculture produce. The farmer producer companies have democratic goverence, each producer or member has equal voting rights irrespective of the number of number of shares held. There is a limitation on the amount that can be distributed based on “patronage”, which acts as a reward for members contributing to the business. There can be 5-15 directors and expert directors can be co-opted for professional guidance.

WORK PROFILE TELANGANA

THUNGATHURTHI MANDAL 10 MANAGING DIRECTORS

GUDUR

Thungathurthi is a mandal in Suryapet district of Telangana state, India. Thungathurthi mandal headquarters is Thungathurthy Town. It belongs to Telangana region. Thungathurthi belongs to Suryapet revenue division. As part of Telangana Districts reorganisation, Thungathurthi Mandal is reorganised from Nalgonda district to Suryapet district. Thungathurthi mandal consist of 52 villages and 18 panchayats.

SURYAPET

MAHABUBABAD

NUTHANKAL

THUNGATHURTHI

VILLAGES

Bhupatipet Ponugudu Gudur Teegalaveni Nayakpalle Madanapuram Gundenga Bollepalle Rajanpalle Darmavancha Matwada Seethanagar Chinnaellapuram Macherla Apparajpalle Govindapuram Gajulagattu Ayodhapuram Boddugonda Kollapur

Annaram Bandaramaram Gunugubanda Gottiparthy Gummadavally Karvirala Kukkadam Manapur Pasnur Pasthala Ramachandrapur Ravulupalle Reddiguda Sangam Thungathurthy Thurupuguda Velugupalle Vempati

Bhikumalla Chandu patla Chilpa kunta China nemila Dirisanpalle Ganjivari Kothapalle Gorentla Gundla Singaram Lingampalle Machanpalle Maddirala Mamindla Madava Miryala Mukundapuram Nuthankal Pedenemila Polumalla Tallasingaram Venkapalle Yadavalli Yerrapahad

These are all the villages I worked as a volunteer along with my team mates

Thungathurthi Mandal of Suryapet district has total population of 57,905 as per the census 2011. Out of which 28,679 are males while 29,226 are females. In 2011 there were total 14,289 families residing in Thungathurthi Mandal. As per census 2011 out of total population 0% people lives in urban areas while 100% lives in the rural areas.

FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR FPC NABARD, SFAC, Government departments, Corporates and Domestic and International Aid Agencies provide financial or technical support to the producer organization promoting institution(POPI) for promotion and hand- holding of the produce organization. Each agency has its own criteria for selecting the project/ promoting institution to support. GUIDELINES In 1956 the “Community Supported Agriculture” guidelines were proposed for “Farmer Production Company” under the reference of the section 46-9A part, from 581A to 581ZT. And started implementing in 2013. According to the guidelines the production company should consist minimum of 10 members belonging to different villages. The 10 elected members are the main pillars of the production company. Among those 10 members they all should belong to any one of the production unit such as fishery, agriculture, etc. The 10 members are represented as “board of director” of the production company. Board of directors should have minimum knowledge regarding agriculture yielding methods, marketing, quality levels and cost estimation. Along with the board of directors there should be minimum of 1000 members involving in the production company and having their shares. The share amounts should be minimum of Rs.5001000Rs.and deposited in the company’s bank account as a membership fees.

NUTHANKAL MANDAL Nuthankal is a mandal in Suryapet district of Telangana state, India. It belongs to Telangana region. Nuthankal belongs to Suryapet revenue division. As part of Telangana Districts reorganisation, Nuthankal Mandal is reorganised from Nalgonda district to Suryapet district. Nuthankal mandal consist of 45 villages and 21 panchayats. Nuthankal Mandal of Suryapet district has total population of 56,991 as per the census 2011. Out of which 28,883 are males while 28,158 are females. In 2011 there were total 14,559 families residing in Thungathurthi Mandal. As per census 2011 out of total population 0% people lives in urban areas while 100% lives in the rural areas.

BY - H PRIYA SAI

THESIS – CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH URBAN PLANNING: A Case Study Of Rajendra Nagar INTRODUCTION

TYPES OF CRIMES

A crime is a legal term, which is defined as breaking a law. And it is defined by criminal law which are formed by the body of federal and the state rules that prohibit the behaviour the government deems harmful to the society. If someone involves in such kind of behaviour then they may be a guilty of crime and prosecuted in criminal court. A crime is a fact, a matter of law and it is not an opinion. As society changes, some actions which used to be criminal are no longer so. Likewise, some actions which were legal can become prohibited. An example of this is the introduction of by-laws which allow local authorities to prohibit drinking in designated public places. In a democratic society someone charged with a crime has the opportunity to defend him/herself. He or she will be deemed innocent until proven guilty by a criminal court. Punishments traditionally reflect the seriousness of the crime, the most serious are those which involve violence and/or loss of life.

AIM The aim is to study the causes of crimes, its impacts on development and mitigation measures through urban planning in the study area.

Personal Crimes

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Murder Aggravated assault Forcible sex offences Non- forcible sex offences Kidnapping/ abduction Hurt Simple Assault Intimidation

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

OBJECTIVES 1. 2. 3.

The study will identify various crime patterns, their trends in Rajendranagar PS, Cyberabad. Study the various factors related to crime in the study area and its impact on development. Find out various planning methods and suggest planning strategies to mitigate the crimes in the study area.

Arson Bribery Burglary Dacoity Counterfeiting/ forgery Damaged property Embezzlement Extortion Fraud Larceny Theft from motor cycle Motor vehicle theft Robbery Stolen property

SCOPE

URBAN PLANNING TO PREVENT CRIME

The scope of the study includes the social and physical aspects of crimes in an urban area.

crime prevention has become a problem that requires a multi-profession cooperation, not only from traditional organizations such as the police, but also from more recent professions such as urban design and town planning.

LIMITATIONS 1. 2.

Property Crimes

The study is limited to a jurisdiction in Cyberabad, which has the highest crime rates. The study focuses only on IPC crime and it does not include SLL (special and local law) crimes. The study is limited to urban crime, i.e. murder, rape, kidnapping & abduction, robbery, and theft. STUDY JUSTIFICATION

Telangana is the 29th state of India. The state has an area of 1,12,077 Sq. Km. and has a population of 3,50,03,674 and it is divided into 33 districts. The state has a crime rate of 0.71 and holds 19th rank in India, according to National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB). According to Telangana State Crime Record Bureau, Cyberabad has the highest urban crime percentage of 82.17 which covers an area of about 3,601Sq Kms, having a population of 62.03 lakhs. The major reason behind the highest crime rates in and around the major cities are caused by its increasing population, improper governance and poor infrastructure facilities. So, it is necessary to reduce the criminal acts and is required to maintain the peace and sustainability of the social life. Hence the research is done and analysed to identify the methods to reduce crimes through urban planning in the study area.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Access to transport reduces the negative effects of segregation, Mixing uses increases opportunities for active and passive surveillance, Public space and the use of existing public facilities for occupational activities can reduce crime, Conflictive spots like vacant buildings can be transformed into vibrant community Facilities, Extending police services to marginal areas can improve feelings of security and reduce crime. CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN

Crime prevention through environmental design describes design alternatives which could have an adverse effect on opportunities for criminal activity. There are different CEPTED guidelines for different cities and countries in developed nations. But the CPTED mainly based on four elements: Natural Surveillance Natural Access Control Territorial Reinforcement Maintenance

Society Crimes

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Drugs/ narcotics violation Gambling Child pornography Prostitution Weapon law violation

Inchoate Crimes

1. 2. 3.

Statutory Crimes

Others

Attempt Solicitation Conspiracy

Identifying and highlighting suspicious incidents and events that may require further investigation

Educating the public with visual information to clarify crime concerns and enlist community action

Providing tools and techniques to capture crime and forecast future crime occurrences.

Hence, Neighbourhood planning, Transportation planning, Environmental design, Landscape planning, Geographic Information System (GIS) has an important role to reduce crime. All of these disciplines are interrelated to each other and involve in preventing crime through urban planning. 19

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) AND CRIME PREVENTION GIS is used to visualize crime rates on the backdrop of other variables such as commercial land use, household size, and unemployment. By using GIS tool, the crime data may easily store and analyse and it can be presented in map showing the area where crime rate are high and where low. The relation between various factor and crime can be shown.

BY - H PRIYA SAI

CRIMES IN INDIA

CASE STUDY

ANALYSIS OF CRIME DATA

India is a Union of States and is governed by a written Constitution which was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949 and came into force on 26 January 19501. It consists of 29 States and 7 union Territories. Due to its colonial heritage, India follows the Anglo-Saxon common law system.

Cyberabad Police Jurisdiction covers an area of 3600 Sq. Kms. It has a Population of 70 Lakhs (approx.). It serves the Communities with the help of 36 Police Stations (Law & Order) & 9 Traffic Police Stations supported by a series of auxiliary Police Units.

ZONE WISE CRIME STATISTICS

CYBERABAD POLICE COMMISSIONERATE ‘Police’ and ‘Public Order’ are State subjects under the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India and therefore, the State Governments are primarily responsible for prevention, detection, registration and investigation of crime and for prosecuting the criminals.

ZONE WISE CRIME STATISTICS 20000 10000 0 2013

CLASSIFICATION OF CRIMES

2014

2015

MADHAPUR ZONE

2017

BALANAGAR ZONE

2018

SHAMSHABAD ZONE

The graph depicts the zone wise crime statistics of Cyberabad Commissionerate from 2013-18. From the graph we can see that the crimes are decreasing in all the three zone, but looking at the highest crimes reported we see that Madhapur Zone has the Highest reported crimes of 9075 and Balanagar has the lowest reported crimes of 6467.

NON-COGNIZABLE - SEC.2(L) CR.P.C.

COGNIZABLE - SEC.2(C) CR.P.C.

2016

CYBERABAD DIVISION WISE CRIME STATISTICS A Cognizable offence or case is defined as the

Non-Cognizable crimes are defined as

one which an officer in-charge of a police

those which cannot be investigated by

station may investigate without the order of a

police without the order of a competent

magistrate and effect arrest without warrant.

magistrate.

SHADNAGAR DIVISION CHEVELLA DIVISION

The Police have a direct responsibility to take

RAJENDRANAGAR DIVISION

immediate action on the receipt of a complaint DEMOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE India is the second most populated country in the world with nearly a fifth of the world’s population. According to the 2017 revision of the World Population Prospects, the population stood at 1.3 Billion.

SHAMSHABAD DIVISION Cyberabad Commissionerate, is divided into zones, divisions, and police jurisdictions. Hence the below diagram explains clearly about the divisions of institutions:

PETBASHEERABAD DIVISION BALANAGAR DIVISION MIYAPUR DIVISION

ANALYSIS OF CRIME DATA KUKATPALLY DIVISION RATE OF IPC CRIMES MADHAPUR DIVISION The graph represents the rate of IPC crimes in India. As of from the above graph we can analyses that the crimes in India are constantly growing with increase in population.

0 2013

5000 2014

2015

10000 2016

15000 2017

20000

25000

2018 19

CYBERABAD PS WISE CRIME STATISTICS

M… N… K… B… C… B… J… P… D… S… R… M… C… S… A… K… K… N…

5000

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

BY - H PRIYA SAI

2018

STUDY AREA PROFILE OF RAJENDRA NAGAR

From the above table it has seen that Sector 1 is the most crime prone areas. 268 crime incidences occurred last year. Crime also occurs more frequently in Sector 3. Crime occurred 97 times in Sector 3. According to Rajendranagar Crime Statistics, Crime occurs less Frequently in area around Himayat Sagar, Bandlaguda Jagir, Sikenderguda, Kismatpur, Bhagavatguda, Aramghar, Rajendra Nagar, etc. The following map will show that what types of crime occurs in the particular area.

Rajendranagar is a City in Rangareddi District of Telangana State, India. It is located in Shamshabad Mandal of Rajendranagar revenue division. It belongs to Telangana region. Rajendranagar is being developed as an IT hub.

CRIME STATISTICS OF RAJENDRA NAGAR CRIME HEADS MURDER FOR GAIN DACOITY ROBBERY HB BY DAY HB BY NIGHT ORDINARY THEFT CULPABLE HOMICIDE MURDER RIOTING KIDNAPPING RAPE GREVIOUS HURT SIMPLE HURT CHEATING ATTEMPT TO MURDER FATAL ROAD ACCIDENTS NON-FATAL ROAD ACCIDENTS OTHER IPC OTHER THAN IPC SPECIAL & LOCAL LAWS

2013 2 1 11 31 145 9 3 12 6 45 78 7 45 118 239 303 19

2014 1 7 16 31 148 8 28 2 12 4 53 87 15 65 107 278 302 116

2015 1 13 11 47 128 1 11 7 6 2 84 68 4 41 157 351 384 174

2016 17 20 38 157 1 7

2017 1 1 22 12 34 382 1 4

10 8 2 61 96 5 42 135 410 312 87

15 20 6 230 203 15 36 176 1057 372 43

2018 2 16 16 43 208 1 7 1 40 23 6 153 118 5 38 213 547 378 52

CRIME DENSITY

The above-mentioned crimes are the various crime heads that was committed in the Rajendranagar Police Jurisdiction. As the study should be based on the Planning Perspective and urban design hence the research only focuses on few types of crimes that is Personal Crimes and Property Crimes, which are committed based on the spatial design of the city/area where it provides the opportunities to the culprit to commit crime and escape easily.

FACTORS THAT CREATE APPORTUNITIES FOR CRIME LAND USE

NO. OF CRIMES

Sector 1

268

Sector 2

Sector 3

The Mixed Land Use is not compatible. And the Buildings arrangements are very much congested and the width of the roads in residential areas are quite crammed 2. Most of the Residential Buildings are in the dense areas or else in Scattered settlements. OPPORTUNITIES OF CRIME In that case, Gender Offences, Ordinary theft, motor vehicle thefts may occur. As the area is used for Residential and Commercial purpose, the area remains quite after a specific time period and as the areas are quite dense so the criminals choose to commit crimes in certain patterns such as for house breakings at day and night time criminals choose places which is located in the scattered or buildings located around the open spaces, as criminals get opportunities.

RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL PUBLIC- SEMI PUBLIC OPEN SPACE RECREATIONAL INDUSTRIES WATER BODIES

STREET LAYOUT AND PEDESTRIANS

1. 2. 3.

Road conditions of Rajendra Nagar are quite Narrow expect the Major roads and the Express Way. There is no proper Foot Paths for the Pedestrians, people have walk on those narrow and highdensity roads. There is a lack of “eye on streets”, i.e. Natural Surveillances. OPPORTUNITIES FOR CRIME

CRIME PRONE AREAS OF RAJENDRA NAGAR CRIME PRONE AREAS

Sector 1 has the highest crime density and it is 19.56 per square kilometer. For Sector 2 the crime density is 3.27 per square kilometer and 4.73 per square kilometer in Sector 3.

1. 2. 3.

The Unconnected and Narrow roads create fear of crimes, and hence it is one of the major causes of crimes such as Ordinary Theft, Snatching, Robbery, etc. The victims are attacked by the criminals in the narrow streets and roads where the victim cannot escape easily. The traffic congestion also creates opportunities of pick pocketing. In incomplete, narrow and damage pedestrian, people cannot easily walk and affected by Snatching, Pick Pocketing and road accident.

BY - H PRIYA SAI

STREET LAYOUT AND PEDESTRIANS 1. 2. 3.

Road conditions of Rajendra Nagar are quite Narrow expect the Major roads and the Express Way. There is no proper Foot Paths for the Pedestrians, people have walk on those narrow and high-density roads. There is a lack of “eye on streets”, i.e. Natural Surveillances. OPPORTUNITIES FOR CRIME

1. 2. 3.

POLICE STATION AREA BOUNDARY NH 7 ROADS

RECOMMENDATIONS

RECREATIONAL AREAS

The perception of the people is very important. Their necessities should be considered combating crime. As crime depends on social factors and physical factors, crime prevention recommendation should be based on both social and physical aspects. The police department has the prime role to prevent crime and fulfil the demand of the public.

In Rajendra Nagar, from the land use map we can observe that the area is completely covered with residential building, as a result there is a decrease in movement of floating people in the residential zones. And criminals are targeting those areas which remains calm most of the time. Hence it is mandatory to create and design recreational areas in each and every neighbourhood.

PHYSICAL FACTORS LAND USE The land use in Rajendranagar is distributed improperly, so it necessary to focus mainly on land use, as Rajendranagar is completely covered with residential land type as a result the roads remain quite most of the time and crime takes place. And as the area remains quite interaction between the people in the neighbourhood is reduced, as a result people would not be able to maintain a healthy relationship among the neighbourhood. Hence as one of the major recommendations to reduce crimes is based on land use. As Rajendranagar area is quite big land use is proposed on a small neighbourhood covering an area of about 1.33Sq Km. The new land use proposed is based on the Neighbourhood theory written by Clarence Perry.

EXPRESS WAY TRANSPORTATION

BUS STOPPAGES 1. 2. 3. 4.

Bus stops along well-connected streets at regular intervals has not been provided. Most of the bus stops are not used as its very far away from most dwellings. Seating, lighting and shelters for protection from the sun, wind and rain at transport locations has not been provided. There is no proper parking’s for busses so that people can access it comfortably, people have to run here and there to get into the bus. OPPORTUNITIES FOR CRIME

As the buses stops here and there people have to catch the bus by running, which may be the cause of accident. Criminals get an opportunity to snatch things such as jewelleries, handbags, etc and can also get chances to pick pocket.

The streets should be provided as multi-purpose public spaces and designed to balance traffic management. Multipurpose public space provides the natural surveillance on the streets and balance traffic management ensures safe movement and save the extra time that provide opportunities to the criminals.

2. 3.

The pedestrian should have enough space to walk. Seating arrangement should be provided at specific places for resting of the passer-by who encourages them to walk and streets may not be quiet.

Roads should be provided with all the infrastructure facilities, such as street lights, proper landscaping, foot paths etc to reduce crimes.

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Communities should be designed in such a way that it has all the infrastructure facilities, and the roads are well maintained with proper street lights. And the community should not have main entries and exits. The number of entry and exits should be reduced such that the people living in a particular community would know who is entering in the community. In this way the people living in the community will be aware of who is coming and going. As a result, the number of criminal activities such as house breaking at day, housing breaking at night, sexual offences will be reduced gradually.

COMMON SPACES 1. 2.

Most of the area has no common spaces like libraries, sports centre, recreation centre, etc. Market areas does not have proper Lightening facilities, traffic flow, etc.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR CRIME As there are no proper common spaces for the people, it reduces the communication between the public. And it increases the fear of crime as people will not recognise their neighbours and other people. The use of common spaces increases the interaction between the people within the communities.

4 3 2

LANDSCAPING 1. 2.

Trees creates blind spot or hiding place The vegetation covers the sight of people from the street OPPORTUNITIES FOR CRIME

Criminals can easily hide in this place and can commit any type of criminal activities.

BY - H PRIYA SAI

PRACTICAL TRAINING II YEMMIGUNUR PROFILE

INTRODUCTION TO WORK AREA The Regional Centre for Urban and Environmental Studies (RCUES) is an autonomous organization established through a Memorandum of Understanding between Osmania University and Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India in the year 1970.

Yemmiganur is a town in Kurnool district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Yemmiganur Mandal of Adoni revenue division. As of 2011 Census of India, the town had a population of 95,149. The total population constitute, 47,456 males, 47,693 females and 12,177 children, in the age group of 0–6 years. The average literacy rate stands at 62.98% with 52,254 literates, significantly lower than the national average of 73.00%.

RCUES is sponsored by MoHUA to cater the training and research needs in the areas of Urban Development of constituent state governments, namely, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Meghalaya, Nagaland and the Union Territories of Puducherry and Andaman & Nicobar.

REGIONAL CENTER FOR URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES (RCUES), Hyderabad

CHIRALA PROFILE

Chirala a town in Prakasam district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipality and the headquarters of Chirala Mandal in Ongole revenue division. As of 2011 census of India, the town had a population of 87,200, 92,942 with 23,070 households. It shows 2.04% growth in population, compared to 2001 Census of India which was recorded as 85,455. The average literacy rate stands at 78.80% with 62,099 literates, higher than the national average of 73.00%.

GIS based Master plans for 7 cities of Andhra Pradesh under the programme Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) the cities are:

Repalle. Yemmiganur. Bapatla. Adoni. Chirala. Chilakalurpeta. Macherla

INPUTS (RFP)Based on Request for Proposal following data a) Satellite image b) DTCP (Shape Files) (Existing) c) Downloading satellite images and digitizing extended area.

• • • • • • •

WORK PROFILE 19

STEP WISE METHODLOGY FOR GIS BASED MASTER PLANS

Generating grid wise data for extended area and municipal area for field survey Selection of teams in respective municipalities based on area and density. Grid wise data generation has been printed in A3 sheets for manual survey and are handed over to team co-ordinates Land use and infrastructure information is been manually updated in hard copy and are again updated in ArcGIS Software. Filling gaps in new master plan data and updating new master plan area with existing LULC and infrastructure. A complete Base Map and Land Use Map will be prepared to identify the existing scenario and finalize decision on proposed Master Plan. Proposals for GIS based master plans will be given based on updated land use and land cover in existing scenario.

BY - H PRIYA SAI

CHILKALURPETA PROFILE Chilkalurpeta is a city in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is the Mandal headquarters of Chilkalurpeta Mandal in Narasaraopet Revenue Division. It is located in the Coastal Andhra region of the state at 16.10°N 80.16°E in the on the Eastern coastal plains. Chilkalurpeta is located 40 km (25 mi) southwest of the district headquarters Guntur, and 75 kilometres (46 mi) north of Amaravati (state capital). The city is located in zone 3 as per Earthquake zones of India. Krishna River water from the Nagarjuna Sagar Right Canal is the main source of water for the residents.

Bapatla is a town in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipality and the Mandal headquarters of Bapatla Mandal of Tenali revenue division. The coordinates of the town are 15°54′16″N 80°28′3″E and is located at an altitude of 8 mts from the coast of Bay of Bengal. The total population of the town is 70,777 and the population density of 3,900/sq.km.

BAPATLA PROFILE

BY - H PRIYA SAI

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