Passive Green Building Strategies Report by 0337953

Green Strategies for Building Design (ARC61804)

Passive Green Building Strategies Report on Kebun Komuniti PLUS @USJ 2

by Winson Yap Eon Sheng | 0337953

tutored by Ar. Zahari

List of Contents | Part 1 | Site Introduction

Building Introduction

Climatic Analysis

Part 2 | Site Planning

Daylighting

Natural Ventilation

Façade Design

Strategic Landscaping

Active Design Strategies

Part 3 | References

Site Introduction | 01 Macrosite

Se mi - Pri v a t e

Site Response Pri v a t e

Pu b l i c

Bonsai Garden

Dining Area

Foyer

Communal Kitchen

Library

Leisure Area

Cultivation & Bazaar

Vermicompost

Zoning Rainwater funnel located at the East to collect rainwater & also act as shades from the sun & rain. Playground located at the North-East of the site whereas the Kebun Komuniti is placed on the South-East.

Su n Pa t h & Wind Flow

Microsite

M a s t e rp l a n Convergence Function A communal park that encourages symbiosis between nature, human and the built environment.

Location Kebun Komuniti, Jalan USJ 2/2R, Subang Jaya

Bu i l d i n g Sit e Size 4800 sqm Ne i g h b o u rhood Residential

USJ 2 Park, Subang Jaya

The site is orientated to face South-West & receive great amount of sunlight throughout the day & also received wind from all direction.

Ci rc u l a t i o ns

Paving a new one way road for cars to enter and exit the site will negate the risk of collision of other vehicles or pedestrians.

Vi e w s

The views into macrosite are mostly obstructed by dense of vegetation. The most prominent view to the site would be the main entrance.

Building Introduction | 02 PROJECT NAME

Coherence BUILDING SIZE

FUNCTION

900 sqm

Kebun Komuniti PLUS

SITE AREA

STOREYS

4850 sqm

2 storeys

DESIGN CONCEPT | "INTEGRATION"

A communal space that bridge the urbanization divide, inevitably establishing a common understanding and community tie.

Site Issue

Building Introduction | 03

Scale : 1:300

Ground Floor Plan 1. Foyer 2. Cultivation & Bazaar

3. Communal Kitchen 4. Toilet

1st Floor Plan 1. Dining Area 2. Library

Scale : 1:300

Climatic Analysis | 04 Temperature

Rainfall

April in the hottest month (33°C) and November is the coldest (28°C) of the year. The average temperature/year is 27°C.

Daylight

Wind

March has the most daylight hours (220 hours) and November has the least (150 hours). The average daylight hours per year is 3223 hours.

November experienced the highest rainfall (average 271.8mm/year). June experienced the lowest rainfall (average 116.8mm/year). The average amount of rainfall/year is 1493mm.

Morning Sun : lower temperatures, high humidity, low chance of rainfall

The average windspeed is 1 m/s. The strongest winds comes from the West and South West whereas weaker winds come from the North West and North East as the seasons change.

Evening Sun : lower temperatures, high humidity, high chance of rainfall Noon Sun : higher temperatures, low humidity, low chance of rainfall

Winds from the West

Climate Classification The building located in USJ, Subang Jaya experiences tropical climate with high humidity and temperatures and heavy rain showers.

Af Koppen Geiger Classification

The site location in Subang Jaya experiences heavy to moderate tropical rainfall throughout the year, an average temperature of 28 °C with prevailing winds from the West. North Elevation ( Scale : NTS)

Site Planning

| 05

Accessibility Context : Main Entrance, Loading Bay, Main Exit, Pocket Garden, Communal Space

Response : Foyer Entrance from Main Entrance Loading bay for drop off Entrance from drop off area with wheelchair access Entrance leads directly to Bazaar and Cultivation Area. Access from outdoor space to Vermi-Garden

(+) View & Axis towards Aquascape

(+) View & Axis towards Amphitheatre

(+) View & Axis towards Open Green Space

Main Entrance

(+) Topography

View & Axis towards Rainwater Harvesting & Kebun Komuniti

Main Exit

Context : Steep Slope increases from gradual flat ground. Response : Car accessibility towards building site from main entrance and main exit to allow users vehicle access up the steep slope especially wheelchair users. Make use of hilltop location to make the building open for optimal views and wind ventilation.

SITE CONTEXT

Site Planning | 06

DESIGN RESPONSE

Layout & Massing

Circulation Typology

Spatial Experience

Typology : Concentric Layout Ingress Egress 1 main entrance, 1 main exit, green pocket spaces connects to macro site Vermi-Garden as central courtyard

Green Pocket Gardens coexisting of the site context allow users to experience Integration without admonishing, Building's form intends to touch the ground lightly not only in terms of the building, but also the impact that it has been made.

Ground Floor Plan

Inside Outside Relationship :

Transparency of spaces between the open and indoor spaces.

Public Spaces Semi-Private Private Space

First Floor Plan

Communal activities within open & indoor spaces to allow users to interact with each other.

SPATIAL EXPERIENCE

Foyer

Communal Kitchen

Permeability Green Space

Dining Area

Bonsai Garden

Cultivation Space & Bazaar

Vermi-Garden

External

Daylighting | 06 DESIGN RESPONSE

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

The building has a main outdoor space (vermi-garden) that acts as the main communal area, hence receives the most daylight for communal activities. Light also brighten other spaces with other green pocket spaces

BUILDING FORM The building form intends touch the ground lightly by having an open layout and open façade on the lower floor which lets in a lot of light and lowers the mechanical lights.

SOLAR ANALYSIS

East Shadows Most Daylighted Spaces are Courtyard, Library, Kitchen, Bazaar

East Sun (7am- 10am) Morning Sun illuminates bazaar, kitchen, dining, library, and foyer brightly.

Noon Sun (11am -1pm) Sun is directly above the building, outdoor space is brightest

West Sun (3pm- 7pm) Evening sun illuminates all spaces as all facades open towards the west

Noon Shadows Most Daylighted Spaces are the outdoor space (vermi-garden)

Daylighting | 07 EXTERNAL SHADING Wire trellis façade on the upper floor allows maximum daylighting to enter the upper floor spaces.

FACADE DESIGN Planter box façade and wire trellis façade allows plants to grow and act as the real façade of the building.

OUTDOOR SPACES

OVERHANGS

Outdoor spaces are mainly open or have facades with big openings to allow natural light to enter and nurture the plants.

Outdoor blinds help provide additional shading

East Sun

NORTH SECTION

West Sun

Butterfly roof structure provides overhang to shade internal spaces.

Ventilation | 08 CROSS-VENTILATION The intention is to allow maximum cross ventilation by making use of the existing winds on site due to the site's location on top of a hill

Macro Site Plan

West Section

West Winds Open façade / big openings especially on the west lets in more winds into each space. Plants on site helps channel winds towards the indoor and outdoor spaces. Ground floor of the building is lighter and more open to allow more winds to ventilate the cultivation space and kitchen space which are spaces with higher activity levels / more people. Hot winds can escape the ceiling spaces easily by stack ventilation due to the façade design.

West Winds

Ventilation |08

STACK VENTILATION

LANDSCAPE

Hot Air Escaping Ceiling Space by Stack Ventilation

Outdoor garden located at the front of the building provides little to no obstruction for winds to enter directly into the spaces of the building. The landscape has maximum exposure to winds providing comfort for users to leisurely explore the outdoor spaces.

Cold Winds from the West

FACADE DESIGN Hot Air

BUILDING FORM Thin Columns

BUILDING LAYOUT West wind across the open layout

Cool Air

Column façade and Planter Box façade are open and exposed towards the west winds while providing transparency of spaces for users to have the bets surrounding views and interaction between the building and the park..

The building's overall form is light and open to allow not just wind but also light to enter each space directly with plants as a filtration layer.

The concentric layout with the main spaces as a unit whole allows winds to travel throughout the building. Wind enters directly into each space based on the orientation of each space towards the west.

Facade Design | 10 NORTH ELEVATION Scale 1:100 Wire Trellis Façade Lightweight façade that allows plants to grow on it and be the real façade of the building as time passes on, enhancing the bio-phillic experience.

Wire Trellis Facade

Observation Space

Dining Space

Wood Cladding

Protects the upper floor space from rain while allowing it to be open at the same time.

EAST ELEVATION Scale 1:100 Hydroponic Façade

Planter box used as a façade to carry plants that act as a green wall, making the space more cooling and visually appealing. Wire Trellis Facade

Observation Space

Hydroponic Facade

Outdoor Blinds

Outdoor blinds installed to protect the kitchen space from rain and maintain open during good weather for the space to be open

Facade Design | 11 SPATIAL EXPERIENCE

Bazaar/Cultivation

Outdoor Space

HYDROPONIC PLANTER BOX FACADE

Hydroponic facade increases cultivation while acting as a green wall. The facade design also acts as an attraction for the building as it faces the rest of the park.

Bar / Dry Kitchen

OUTDOOR BLINDS

Outdoor blinds act as temporary facades that can be adjusted to protect the spaces within from rain/harsh weather conditions. The blinds also protects the space from harsh glare hence able to control the amount of daylight entering the space.

Library

Vermi Garden

WIRE TRELLIS FACADE

Wire trellis façade is lightweight and open that allows plants to grow on it such as climber plants that will eventually grow and form the full façade and architecture of the building.

Strategic Landscaping | 13 GREENSCAPE Plants used as buffer, cooling effect and visual views to enhance the bio-phillic experience of the building. Succulents

Chokkan Bonsai

Han-Kengai Bonsai

Oak Tree

Birds of Paradise

Bush

CONCEPT

SITE RESPONSE

COMPOSTING

Plants planted around the building match the ones planted around the park to blend the whole site.

Vermi-compost as part of the building's landscape feature to encourage more natural methods of planting for users to be involved in.

Integration : immersing users in nature to create a journey that awakes the natural environment

Plants are placed in indoor and outdoor spaces to encourage cultivation all throughout the building

Active Design Strategies | 14 SOLAR PANELS

RAINWATER HARVESTING Water reservoir aquascape

HYDROPONIC SYSTEM

Water reservoir at aquascape

The park has no available M&E services hence has the need to rely on renewable energy sources like solar power which will help generate electricity of the buildings' kitchen features.

The butterfly roof collects rainwater that trails off to the park's aquascape that acts like a reservoir

The planter box facades act as hydroponic planter boxes that increases cultivation space for the building.

Water from the reservoir will be used for the residents to water their Kebun Komuniti which.

The hydroponic façade encourages more plants to be planted, providing privacy for the space while increasing the cooling effect.

The park also has a rainwater harvesting structure that trails to the aquascape which is able to store water for days or weeks.

Water from the rainwater harvesting is used to provide water for the hydroponic system

Solar Panels 220-400 Watts of Power (60 cells)

The butterfly roof allows maximum surface area that is angled towards the west and east sun for the solar powers to be exposed for solar energy. Solar panels installed can be easily maintained and will contribute to the building for a long time, reducing the need for monetary maintenance.

References | 15 Tang, C.K & Chin, N. (2013, July 1). Building Energy Efficiency Technical Guideline for Passive Design. Retrieved from: http://bseep.gov.my/App_ClientFile/df08bc24-99fb-47a3-937fdc25df9d3997/Assets/Building%20Energy%20Efficiency%20Technical%20Guideline%20for%20Passive%20Design.pdf. Gullotti, B. (2019, May 24). Passive Daylighting Systems Could Transform the Architecture of Natural Light. Retrieved from : https://hmcarchitects.com/news/passive-daylighting-systems-could-transform-the-architecture-of-natural-light-2019-05-24/. Wiley. (2016, June 14). Architectural Daylighting Strategies. Retrieved from: https://www.slideshare.net/wiley/slideshare-daylightingstrategies. Nicklas, M. (2008, March 20). Daylighting Strategies That Maximize Benefits. https://www.hpbmagazine.org/content/uploads/2020/04/08Sp-Daylighting-Strategies-that-Maximize-Benefits.pdf.

Retrieved

from:

Marro, M. (2018, August 1). Passive Design Strategies. Retrieved from: https://www.metalarchitecture.com/articles/passive-design-strategies. Martino, G. (2021, June 28). Natural Ventilation Solutions in Interior Design. Retrieved from: https://www.archdaily.com/963768/natural-ventilationsolutions-in-interior-design. Scott. C. (2019, June 18). Ventilated Glass Façade by Bendheim Brings Air and Daylight to Chicago’s 727 West Madison Parking. Retrieved from: https://www.globenewswire.com/en/news-release/2019/06/18/1870014/0/en/Ventilated-Glass-Fa%C3%A7ade-by-Bendheim-Brings-Air-andDaylight-to-Chicago-s-727-West-Madison-Parking.html. Griffiths, A. (2014, June 16). Naturally Cool. Retrieved from: https://www.architonic.com/en/story/alyn-griffiths-naturally-cool/7000948. Yasa, E. (2018, July 18). Optimization of Building Facade Voids Design, Facade Voids Position and Ratios - Wind Condition Relation. Retrieved from: https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/58437. Steinberg, D. (2015, November 19). The Role of Landscape in Green Building. Retrieved from: https://thefield.asla.org/2015/11/19/the-role-oflandscape-in-green-building/.

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