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Uredniki: Mojca Schlamberger Brezar, David Limon, Ada Gruntar Jermol

CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS IN DISCOURSE STUDIES AND TRANSLATION ANALYSE CONTRASTIVE DE DISCOURS ET TRADUCTION KONTRASTIVE DISKURZANALYSE UND TRANSLATION

Avtorji prispevkov so pri svojih raziskavah, predstavljenih v monografiji, na eni strani uporabljali najnovejša prevodoslovna orodja oziroma so za potrebe raziskave sestavili specializirane jezikovne zbirke. Takšen pristop zagotavlja boljšo primerljivost oziroma izpostavlja protistavne elemente, na podlagi katerih pridobljeni rezultati izkazujejo večjo veljavnost. Na drugi strani pa v drugem delu najdemo članke iz opisnega prevodoslovja. Oba pristopa vsak s svoje strani ustrezno prikazujeta raziskovano problematiko in prinašata nova spoznanja tako pri opisu slovenskega jezika kot dinamike prevajanja, ki nastaja v preučevanih jezikovnih parih. Monografijo tako ocenjujem kot zelo aktualno, saj nam nudi nov vpogled v področje kontrastivnega jezikoslovja in prevodoslovja ter odpira nove možnosti za nadaljnje raziskave na tem področju. Doc. dr. Meta Lah, recenzentka

ISBN 978-961-237-804-2

Uredniki: Mojca Schlamberger Brezar, David Limon, Ada Gruntar Jermol

CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS IN DISCOURSE STUDIES AND TRANSLATION ANALYSE CONTRASTIVE DE DISCOURS ET TRADUCTION KONTRASTIVE DISKURZANALYSE UND TRANSLATION

A collection of 20 articles on constrastive themes, involving Slovene plus either English, German or French. The first part of the book focuses on the analysis of discourse and grammatical features, often from a corpus view point, while the second part focuses on literature. It is aimed at those interested in translation, interpreting and language teaching. Editors

Prispevki v obsežni monografiji so odlično strukturirani in ponujajo izvrsten vpogled v najnovejše raziskave ter dognanja tako s področja prevodoslovja in kontrastivnega jezikoslovja kakor tudi opisnega prevodoslovja. Že velikokrat se je namreč pokazalo, da ravno izsledki kontrastivne analize jezikovnih parov, ki vključujejo slovenščino, ključno prispevajo k opisovanju in pojmovanju slovenskega jezika ter k njegovemu formalnemu opisu. Monografija je posebej dragocena, ker so izsledki raziskav uporabni tudi v praksi: znanstvene ugotovitve sodelujočih raziskovalk in raziskovalcev bodo v pomoč tako prevajalcem kot lektorjem, njena vsebina pa je namenjena tudi študentom in širši strokovni javnosti. Doc. dr. Tanja Žigon, recenzentka

ISBN 978-961-237-804-2

9 789612 378042

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15,00 €

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Mojca Schlamberger Brezar, David Limon, Ada Gruntar Jermol (ur.)

CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS IN DISCOURSE STUDIES AND TRANSLATION ANALYSE CONTRASTIVE DE DISCOURS ET TRADUCTION KONTRASTIVE DISKURZANALYSE UND TRANSLATION Zbirka Prevodoslovje in uporabno jezikoslovje Ljubljana 2015

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CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS IN DISCOURSE STUDIES AND TRANSLATION / ANALYSE CONTRASTIVE DE DISCOURS ET TRADUCTION / KONTRASTIVE DISKURZANALYSE UND TRANSLATION ZBIRKA PREVODOSLOVJE IN UPORABNO JEZIKOSLOVJE ISSN 2335-335X Uredniki: Mojca Schlamberger Brezar, David Limon, Ada Gruntar Jermol Recenzentki: Meta Lah, Tanja Žigon Uredniški odbor zbirke: Špela Vintar, Vojko Gorjanc, Nike Kocijančič Pokorn Tehnično urejanje in prelom: Aleš Cimprič Naslovnica: Kofein, d. o. o. © Univerza v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta, 2015. Vse pravice pridržane. Založila: Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani Izdal: Oddelek za prevajalstvo Za založbo: Branka Kalenić Ramšak, dekanja Filozofske fakultete Ljubljana, 2015 Prva izdaja Naklada: 300 izvodov Oblikovna zasnova zbirke: Kofein, d. o. o. Prelom: Jure Preglau Tisk: Birografika Bori, d. o. o. Cena: 15 EUR Knjiga je izšla s podporo Javne agencije za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije. CIP - Kataložni zapis o publikaciji Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica, Ljubljana 81'362:81'25(082) CONTRASTIVE analysis in discourse studies and translation = Analyse contrastive de discours et traduction = Kontrastive Diskurzanalyse und Translation / Mojca Schlamberger Brezar, David Limon, Ada Gruntar Jermol (ur.). - 1. izd. - Ljubljana : Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete, 2015. - (Zbirka Prevodoslovje in uporabno jezikoslovje, ISSN 2335-335X) ISBN 978-961-237-804-2 1. Vzp. stv. nasl. 2. Schlamberger Brezar, Mojca 282786304

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CONTENTS / TABLE DE MATIÈRES / INHALTVERZEICHNIS

Contents / Table de matières / Inhaltverzeichnis

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CONTENTS / TABLE DE MATIÈRES / INHALTVERZEICHNIS

Uvod Mojca Schlamberger Brezar, David Limon, Ada Gruntar Jermol CONTRASTIVE DISCOURSE ANALYSIS / ANALYSE CONTRASTIVE DE DISCOURS / KONTRASTIVE DISKURZANALYSE Aspekt vs. Aktionsarten - ein deutsch-slowenischer Vergleich Ada Gruntar Jermol

La préfixation préverbale en slovène et l’expression de l’aspect verbal Gregor Perko

Slovene and English word order from a translation perspective David Limon

Sentence-initial adversative connectives in Slovene-English translation of academic discourse: A corpus study Agnes Pisanski Peterlin

Anything but simple? Adversative connectors between English and Slovene Nataša Hirci, Tamara Mikolič Južnič

Nominalization in literary texts: A corpus-based study of contrastive and translational aspects Tamara Mikolič Južnič

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Ordre des mots en français et en slovène : entre la position grammaticale fixe et structure informationnelle Mojca Schlamberger Brezar

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Les constructions détachées nominales en français et en slovène Adriana Mezeg Addressing web users: a case study of Slovene and English promotional websites Martin Grad Referential explicitation in intermodal corpus Simona Šumrada Contrastive stylistics of toponymic representation in translation: Comments and recommendations Donald Reindl

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170 184

206

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CONTENTS / TABLE DE MATIÈRES / INHALTVERZEICHNIS

Sur l’alternance des modes indicatif et subjonctif dans les relatives restrictives en français : analyse sémantique et équivalents macédoniens Irina Babamova Slovene and Swedish translation equivalents of the English passive in two discourse types Jaka Čibej, Silvana Orel Kos Reported speech in English and Slovene news items Silvana Orel Kos TRANSLATION STUDIES AND INTERPRETING / TRADUCTOLOGIE ET INTERPRETATION / TRANSLATOLOGIE UND DOLMETSCHEN De l’écrit ou du parlé? Analyse contrastive des discours oraux français et slovènes Jana Zidar Forte Er streckte ihr die Zunge raus und sie drehte ihm eine lange Nase – Zur Übersetzung von Kinegrammen in der Jugendliteratur Urška Valenčič Arh

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234 254

274

290

Die Bibelübersetzung als Konfliktzone im volkssprachlich-lateinischen Mittelalter - eine komparative Analyse von deutsch-slowenischen Übersetzungen 302 Vlasta Kučiš Translation of terms of address in postcolonial novels in English Nina Grahek Križnar Stylistic shifts in translation of fiction into Slovene: Is literary fiction translated differently from popular fiction? Marija Zlatnar Moe

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Diffusion de la littérature québécoise dans les pays de l’ex-Yougoslavie 360 Sonia Vaupot, Metka Zupančič Index

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Mojca Schlamberger Brezar, David Limon, Ada Gruntar Jermol

Uvod Pričujoča monografija z naslovom Contrastive analysis in discourse studies and translation / Analyse contrastive de discours et traduction / Kontrastive Diskurz analyse und Translation prinaša članke s področja prevodoslovja in prevodoslovno usmerjene kontrastivne analiz v treh jezikih. Po lanski knjigi Prevodo slovno usmerjene kontrastivne študije v uredništvu Agnes Pisanski Peterlin in Mojce Schlamberger Brezar se je pokazala želja, da bi podobno knjigo izdali še s članki v tujih jezikih, saj bi bile tako raziskave tudi širše dostopne. Pobudi se je odzvalo enaindvajset avtorjev z enajstimi članki v angleškem, šestimi v francoskem in tremi v nemškem jeziku. Poleg omenjenih jezikov v povezavi s slovenščino knjiga prinaša še kontrastivne študije s primerjavo italijanskega, makedonskega in švedskega jezika. Monografija je razdeljena v dva dela, v prvem delu so zbrane prevodoslovno usmerjene diskurzivne študije, v drugem delu pa članki o tolmačenju in prevajanju književnosti z različnih prevodoslovnih vidikov. Raziskave temeljijo na veliki količini obdelanega večjezičnega gradiva bodisi v obliki splošno dostopnih korpusov bodisi narejenih v ta namen. Poleg kvantitativne analize podajajo tudi kvalitativne poglede na obravnavano tematiko, kar je še posebej dragoceno za potencialne naslovnike. Glede na trenutno stanje v preučevanju jezika in prevajalski stroki menimo, da je knjiga dragocen prispevek za vse, ki se že ukvarjajo z jezikoslovjem in prevajanjem ali pa se za to usposabljajo. Nikakor ne ponuja enostranskih rešitev za prevodne probleme, spodbuja pa k razmišljanju o njih in podaja nove poglede na tematike, ki so v jezikoslovju in prevodoslovju vedno aktualne. Upamo, da naše raziskave ne bodo same sebi namen, ampak da bo šla knjiga med ljudi in v branje. Uredniki

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OVERVIEW OF THE ARTICLES / LE COMPTE-RENDU DES ARTICLES / KURZE DARSTELLUNG DER BEITRÄGE David Limon considers word order in Slovene and English from a translation perspective. The discussion of the theoretical background covers functional sentence perspective, the information principle, end focus and the role of sentence adverbials. The paper then considers aspects of word order that cause problems when translating from Slovene to English, relating particularly to the distribution of information at the sentence level, but also discussing the issue of adverbial location. Agnes Pisanski Peterlin looks at sentence initial adversative connectives in academic texts (from the field of geography), in particular their rhetorical function. The author compares translations into English from Slovene with similar original English texts and finds that in the latter such connectives are twice as common, which confirms the now frequent observation that translated texts tend to differ from comparable originals in the target language in terms of the use of various rhetorical elements. Nataša Hirci and Tamara Mikolič Južnič focus on the adversative connective but and how it is translated into Slovene. Although there does seem to be quite a strong correspondence between the functions of but in English source texts and those of various adversative connectives (ampak, pa, toda, a, vendar) used as translation equivalents in Slovene, a closer look shows that there is a more complex relationship, where correlations for different functions may vary considerably. Tamara Mikolič Južnič discusses nominalisation in Italian and Slovene literary texts. Making use of data from the parallel corpus Spook, she compares Italian originals and their Slovene translations, as well as Slovene original texts in order to carry out a quantitative study of nominalisation in literary texts. The results show that nominalisations occur less frequently in Slovene literary texts and in translations than they do in other kinds of texts, as well as less frequently than in Italian. Martin Grad looks at promotional websites in Slovene and English, specifically the home pages of spas and how these address their readers – using imperative forms, pronouns, indirect address forms, rhetorical questions, and other forms of address. His analysis shows that English sites use more address forms than do Slovene ones. The paper also addresses a related issue specific to Slovene, i.e. the distinction between T/V forms of the imperative mood.

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Simona Šumrada discusses referential explicitation, using a corpus of translated and interpreted speeches made by Slovene MEPs and during the Slovene presidency of the EU. Using the methods of discourse analysis, the author tests the theory of explicitation on patterns of demonstrative reference in Slovene and French, in both original texts and translations. The results show that referential explicitation can be language dependent, since more examples can be found in French than in Slovene. Donald Reindl discusses the translation of Slovene toponyms into English, contrasting it with practice in other languages. The author points to the great variety of translation strategies applied, which depend to some extent on the stylistic demands of text type and subject matter, but are also influenced by factors such as linguistic nationalism. Although some toponymic representations clearly violate the norms of the target language, in many situations it is difficult to point to a single best choice. Instead, different ways of representing toponyms in translations can be described as stylistically more or less appropriate depending on a variety of factors. The author concludes with a number of recommendations for dealing with toponyms in translations. Jaka Čibej and Silvana Orel Kos focus on Slovene and Swedish translation equivalents of the English passive constructions in both fiction and non-fiction. Examination of a corpus comprising the Treaty of Nice (2001) in English, Swedish and Slovene, as well as Slovene and Swedish translations of George R. R. Martin’s novel A Game of Thrones (1996), shows that the Swedish translations contain a higher percentage of passive structures than do the Slovene texts translated from English. The differences between the three languages are less conspicuous in nonfiction. In fiction, however, passive constructions are considerably less frequent in the Slovene translation than in the English and Swedish texts. Silvana Orel Kos discusses the use of speech presentation, especially indirect statements, in news reporting in English and Slovene. Depending on the authority of the information source, tense-backshift may occur with English reporting verbs in the Past tense. Since Slovene does not as a rule use tense-backshift, translators of Slovene news items into English may find it difficult to decide whether or not to take account of this grammatical feature in their work. Making use of an English-Slovene corpus of recent news articles by press agencies, quality and popular newspapers, temporal and tense relations in the structure of newspaper articles are considered, focusing primarily on parameters governing the sequence of tenses in English. Marija Zlatnar Moe compares translations of literary texts with those of popular fiction and identifies differences in the way they are translated into Slovene.

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Her paper is based on an analysis of six novels that appeared after 2000. Some of the changes are genre-specific and occur only in translations of literary works. Generally, there is a shift towards an unmarked, formal standard language, which neutralises the style of the books. The result of such changes may be texts that are merely stylistically neutral and hence less interesting, or texts that appear strange and awkward to the reader. Nina Grahek Križnar analyses terms of address in translations of post-colonial novels into Slovene. She points out that translators use two strategies, either domesticating the terms of address by using expressions from the Slovene cultural context or leaving them in their original form. However, domestication fails to transmit the full complexity of meaning by falling short of accounting for the entire range of cultural and linguistic variables in the postcolonial arena. Parmi les contributions en français, Gregor Perko se penche sur les valeurs aspectuelles et sémantiques des préfixes prévérbaux slovènes et sur des difficultés que ce dispositif, à la fois semantico-dérivationnel et grammatical, est susceptible de soulever dans une perspective contrastive slovène / français. L’étude programmatique veut rendre compte des deux systèmes, présentant différents moyens d’expression de l’aspect. Mojca Schlamberger Brezar analyse, dans le cadre de la théorie informationnelle, l‘ordre des mots dans les articles de presse français et slovènes, d‘abord dans le corpus comparable et puis dans le corpus parallèle. Il en ressort qu‘au niveau quantitatif, l‘antéposition des compléments circonstanciels est présente aussi bien en français qu‘en slovène et ne diffère qu‘au niveau qualitatif. Adriana Mezeg parle des constructions détachées nominales, dont les propriétés principales sont la liberté de position dans la phrase, la séparation du reste de la phrase par une virgule, la prédication seconde et la relation de coréférence avec le sujet de la phrase. Ces phrases, qu’elle met en évidence par une analyse dans le corpus parallèle français-slovène, composé des articles de presse et des textes littéraires, sont atypiques pour le slovène et présentent un enjeu pour le traducteur. Irina Babamova propose l’analyse contrastive de l’emploi de l’indicatif et du subjonctif entre le français et le macédonien. L’étude concerne les équivalents macédoniens qui affichent une différence sémantique dans les contextes où les formes de l’indicatif et du subjonctif peuvent se substituer l’une à l’autre. Le subjonctif étant absent de la terminologie linguistique traditionnelle en macédonien, il est intéressant de voir tout de même les parallèles qui existent avec le français.

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Jana Zidar Forte se consacré à l‘interprétation, Son article sort un peu du commun des articles recueillis, mais reste en même temps au coeur de la thématique traductionnelle. Elle compare les caractéristiques du discours parlé monologal tel que l’on rencontre dans l’interprétation de conférence en français et en slovène avec le discours oral spontané et le discours écrit en vue d’éclaircir ses particularités. Les discours analysés dérivent du matériel authentique utilisé dans la pratique de l’interprétation simultanée au cours de la formation des interprètes de conférence. L‘article de Sonia Vaupot et Metka Zupančič est consacré à la présence de la littérature québécoise et franco-canadienne sur le territoire de l‘ex-Yougoslavie en tenant compte des traductions en serbe, croate, macédonien et slovène. Deux phases dans la traduction, avant et après 1991, dans le cadre yougoslave et après la dissolution de l‘Etat commun, ne diffèrent pas considérablement ; toutefois, les auteurs constatent un intérêt plus prononcé pour traduire la fiction québécoise. En ce qui concerne le théâtre et la poésie, l’intérêt est mitigé, voire faible. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Monographie finden sich drei deutschsprachige Beiträge: Der Artikel von Ada Gruntar Jermol beschäftigt sich mit Aspekt und Aktionsarten, wobei das Sprachenpaar Deutsch-Slowenisch einem Vergleich unterzogen wird. Anfangs werden die Begriffe Aspekt (‚glagolski vid‘) und Aktionsarten (‚vrste glagolskih dejanj‘) genauer definiert. Daraufhin wird an konkreten Beispielen auf die unkorrekte Verwendung perfektiver und imperfektiver Verben im Slowenischen hingewiesen und es werden einige unzureichende Übersetz ungslösungen vorgestellt, die überwiegend gerade auf die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Sprachen zurückzuführen sind. Im Beitrag von Vlasta Kučiš mit dem Titel Die Bibelübersetzung als Konfliktzo ne im volkssprachlich-lateinischen Spätmittelalter - eine komparative Analyse von deutsch-slowenischen Übersetzungen wird der Versuch unternommen, die kulturell-historischen Konstellationen der Lutherschen Übersetzung der Heiligen Schrift zu beleuchten und mit den slowenischen Bibelübersetzungen in Verbindung zu bringen. Die Bibelübersetzungen gelten als Emanzipationsfaktor der slowenischen Sprache und nehmen damit in der Entwicklung der slowenischen Kultur eine Schlüsselrolle ein. Das Hauptthema des Beitrags von Urška Valenčič Arh ist die Übersetzung von Kinegrammen in der Jugendliteratur. Die Autorin widmet sich der Untersuchung von Kinegrammen im ausgewählten Korpus und ihrer Wiedergabe ins Slowenische. Im Beitrag wird auf bestimmte Aspekte der Übersetzung eingegangen, wobei das Augenmerk ganz besonders auf die übersetzerischen Leistungen beim Entschlüsseln der verbalen Kodierung der Kinegramme im

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Originaltext und beim Wiedergeben dieser lexikalisierten Wortverbindungen in der Zielsprache gelenkt wird.

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Contrastive Discourse analysis / Analyse contrastive de discours / Kontrastive Diskurzanalyse

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Uredniki: Mojca Schlamberger Brezar, David Limon, Ada Gruntar Jermol

CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS IN DISCOURSE STUDIES AND TRANSLATION ANALYSE CONTRASTIVE DE DISCOURS ET TRADUCTION KONTRASTIVE DISKURZANALYSE UND TRANSLATION

ISBN 978-961-237-804-2

Uredniki: Mojca Schlamberger Brezar, David Limon, Ada Gruntar Jermol

CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS IN DISCOURSE STUDIES AND TRANSLATION ANALYSE CONTRASTIVE DE DISCOURS ET TRADUCTION KONTRASTIVE DISKURZANALYSE UND TRANSLATION

ISBN 978-961-237-804-2

9 789612 378042

CONTRASTIVE_ANALYSIS_naslovka_final.indd 1

15,00 €

13.1.2016 8:44:34