Working Drawings part 1 - الرسومات التنفيذية المعمارية جزء 1

Introduction to Working Documents

Dr. Yasser Mahgoub

The Project Cycle

Construction Documents

Drawings

Contract Forms

Specifications

General and supplementary conditions

Bidding Requirements

Other

Drawings Construction drawings show, in graphic and quantitative form the:     

extent, configuration, location, relationships, and dimensions

Drawings They generally contain:      

site and building plans, elevations, sections, details, diagrams, and schedules

Drawings In addition to drawn information, they may include:  Photographs  Graphics  Printed schedules  Specifications (for small projects)

Drawings Definition:

A set of drawings is an organized presentation of the project.

Sample Projects

Example • For small projects, working drawings and details can be integrated in small number of sheets.

Example • For medium projects, a sufficient number of drawings need to be developed to cover all the required details.

SITE PLAN • The site plan should show the location of the building in relation to the site boundaries.

• All landscape elements, streets and pedestrian walkways should be indicated and dimensioned.

• A reference point should be identified to related the building to GPS.

PLANS • All plans should be drawn scale 1;100 showing centerlines, walls, openings, external dimensions, internal dimensions, materials, etc.

SECTIONS • Sections should illustrate vertical information including levels, materials, dimensions, corresponding centerlines and details cross-referencing.

ELEVATIONS • Elevations should illustrate exterior finishing materials, levels, dimensions, centerlines, and details crossreferencing.

WALL SECTIONS โ ข Wall sections illustrate exterior faรงade design detailing. They are extremely important illustration to ensure the final appreance of the design.

Working Drawings Highlights

Plans

Plans

All necessary dimensions

Plans

Stair symbols

Plans Window and door identification marks

Plans Titles or numbers for all rooms & spaces

Plans Materials symbols

Plans Levels

Plans

All structural features

Plans

Bath Rooms

Sections Show interior features

Sections Show complete vertical dimensions

Sections Indicate materials

Elevations Grid lines

Elevations

All necessary dimensions

Elevations Slabs Levels

Elevations Materials

Stairs Details

Stairs Details

Wall Sections • Show all materials in their proper location and thickness.

• Tie the section into the cross-reference system

Drawings

Sequence and sheet Formats Organization:

 Site work  Architectural drawings  Structural  Mechanical  Plumbing  Electrical  Any special disciplines

COVER SHEET

Drawings

Sequence and sheet Formats Standards:  Sheet size  Layout  Title blocks

Drawing Sheet Coordinate System

D

1

2

3

4

5

C MODULE C4

B A

1

D

Each module is identified by a letter and a number.

C

Drawing may comprise one or more modules.

B

Module identification is established by the coordinates for the lower left hand corner of the module.

A 2

3

4

5

Drawing Blocks Drawing Blocks

DRAWING BLOCKS Drawing modules containing graphic or textural info are called drawing blocks.

Note Blocks Note Blocks

The Note Block is the module or modules in the drawing area for General Notes, Keynotes, and Key Plans.

Title Block Area Margins Same as Drawing Area Formats Horizontal Text Vertical Text Data Blocks Designer Identification Project ID Block Issue Block Management Block Sheet Title Block Sheet ID Block

Title Block Format (1) Title Block Formats

Horizontal Text Format: Title block text is oriented parallel to the bottom of the sheet.

The horizontal text format is the most commonly used, and is the preferred format.

Title Block Formats

Vertical Text Format: Title block text is oriented parallel to the right side of the sheet.

Sheet title and sheet ID remain oriented parallel to the bottom of the sheet.

Basic Sheet Layout

Title Block Area Drawing Area Production Data Area

Drawing Block Format Column Grid & Dimension Area

Graphic & Notation Area

Drawing blocks that contain plans, elevations, sections, and details are organized in a format that includes the elements shown.

Margin

Title Area

Drawing Module Lines

Drawing Block Format - Sample GRID XXXX

XXX

XX

XX

XXXXX

XXXXX XXX

C3

A sample drawing block showing a simple plan layout.

XX

XXXX

XXXX

XXX

SECTION X:X

Note the column grid and dimension area (shaded), the graphic and notation area, the drawing block title area, and the margins.

DRAWING SYMBOLS Lines

CL

Object Lines Dimension/Extension Lines Hidden/Invisible Lines Center Lines

DRAWING SYMBOLS Graphic Symbols - General 4 A-6

7 A-5

Wall Section Detail Section

BB A-4

Building Section

6

Revision Marker

Reference Symbols refer reader to another part of the document Examples: D2 21 0 2

4

Graphic Scales

A-512

Detail Indicator 3

Sheet Keynote

2 VESTIBULE 101

Room Identifier

Column Grid Indicator

Note Blocks Note Blocks

The Note Block is the module or modules in the drawing area for General Notes, Keynotes, and Key Plans.

Sheet Keynotes

GENERAL SHEET NOTES 1. IIII II III III IIII IIII 2. II III II II IIIII III 3. II IIIII II IIII IIIIII 4. I II IIII III IIIIIII II 5. III I II IIII IIIII III

REFERENCE KEYNOTES IIIII.I IIIII.I IIIII.I IIIII.I IIIII.I

III III IIII II II II IIIII II I II IIII III III IIIIIII II IIII IIIII III

SHEET KEYNOTES 1

III III IIII II

2

III III II II IIII

3

IIII II I II IIII

Order of Sequence:

General Notes Reference Notes

Sheet Keynotes

03300.A 03200.A

03200.A (#4 BARS)

Reference Keynotes in Drawing Block

REFERENCE KEYNOTES DIVISION 3 - CONCRETE 03200.A REINFORCING STEEL 03200.B WELDED WIRE MESH 03300.A CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

Reference Keynotes in Note Block

SHEET KEYNOTES

2

Sheet Keynotes in Drawing Block

1

EXISTING FLOOR DRAIN

2

DASHED LINE INDICATES SOFFIT ABOVE

Sheet Keynotes in Note Block

Drawings CONDOC SYSTEM G General project requirements

Site work TS SB SD C L

Topographic survey Soil borings data Site demolition Civil Landscaping

Drawings

CONDOC SYSTEM Major disciplines

S M P FP E

Structural Mechanical Plumbing Fire Protections Electrical

Drawings

CONDOC SYSTEM Special elements

ID FS SG FF AA Etc.

Interior design Food service Signage/graphics Furniture/furnishings Asbestos abatement

Drawings

CONDOC SYSTEM Major disciplines

A Architecture A000, A001, etc.

A100, A101, etc.

A200, A201, etc.

A300, A301, etc.

A400, A401, etc.

A500, A501, etc.

A600, A601, etc.

Schedules, master keynote, legend, general notes Plans Exterior elevations, Sections Vertical circulation, core plan and details Reflected ceiling plans, details Exterior envelope, details Architecture interiors

Drawings Title Block       

Name, address, and phone number of the architectural firm Project title and address Owner's name and address Drawing title and sheet number Names and addresses of consultants Notation of who worked on the drawing, including cjecking Dates drawings were issued (such as for bid, permit, and construction)  Dates of revisions  Architect's seal and signature (when required)  Copyright information

Drawings

Drawings should also include the basic information required to orient the user, such as:  Key plans (showing location of partial plans in relation to the whole)  North arrows  Scales for drawings (graphic scales are normally included in case drawings are reduced or CAD generated)

Drawings The Cartooning Process Most firms lay out the drawings very early in the project.  To establish roughly how many and what kinds of plans, sections, elevations, details, schedules, and other graphic elements will be prepared.  Scale and size on sheet  Order  Interrelationships

COVER SHEET

WD CARTOON SET Assignment • • • • • • • • • •

Use A4 size paper to develop a rough sketch of your WD set.

Determine the order of drawings and number ( __ of __ ) Sketch by hand the rough size of each drawing on each sheet Determine the scale needed (for example, plans should be at 1:100) Convert the real dimensions of the building drawings to the desired scale and show on your papers Make sure that all drawing fit on the size sheet plottable area Label each drawing, include the scale Add north arrow when appropriate Add descriptive text if known (such as window sill detail, east elevation, etc.)

Add sheet names, numbers, and drawing title in the border

END