ASU – Ain Shams University Faculty of Engineering Department of Architectural Engineering ARC 122: History & Theory of Architecture Fall 2017 Instructor: Dr. Yasser Mahgoub
Lecture 2 - Design Methods
BASED Design Method
BASED An Architectural Design Method The method is primarily a means of resolving a conflict that exists between logical analysis and creative thought. Christopher Jones
B
A
S
E
D
Briefing
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
Design
Problem
Program
Solutions
Priorities
Drawings
Definitions
Site
Creativity
Grading
Final Models
Needs
Goals
Form & Space
Communication
Reports
Context
Performance
Parti - Concept
Feedback
Computer App.
Program
Concepts
Selection
Presentation
Site
Alternatives
Schematic Design
Optimization
Communication
Study Models
Steps of the BASED Design Process • Briefing • Site selection, Program formulation, Data collection, Examples, ...
• Analysis • Design and Project Data analysis • Identification of Objectives
• Synthesis • Formulation of Concepts and Alternatives • Communication of Concepts
• Evaluation • Review of Alternatives • Selection of one alternative
• Design • Design details • Communication media
(Analyze)
Identify User Needs
1. Need Design Data An important activity in the beginning of the design process is the collection of relevant design data and examples.
2. Context
• Site • Zoning • Services • Macro Climate • Micro Climate • Adjacent Buildings • Geographical Factors • Vehicular Access
3. Form
• Zoning • Circulation • Structure • Enclosure • Construction Type • Construction Process • Energy • Climate Control • Image
Design Considerations - Facts • Environmental (site and climate) – Visual illustration of the location of the project: • • • • •
The city or region in which the site is located Its immediate environmental context The characteristics of the site The climate and microclimate Other information.
Design Considerations - Facts • Technical – Controlled temperature or humidity requirements – Materials and finishes – Solutions similar to existing ones or alternative approaches
Design Considerations - Facts • Other (facts or needs?) – – – – – –
Image of facility Signage and way-finding Form and color Energy conservation Safety and accessibility Budget and time
Space Identification and Allocation • Tabular presentation – Brown sheets or Grid sheets – Appropriate size for each space
Space Identification and Allocation • Building efficiency – Estimate the amount of additional square footage (meters) that will be required to account for unprogrammed spaces including: • • • • • •
Circulation spaces Walls Mechanical and electric rooms Janitor’s closets Rest rooms Miscellaneous storage
Building efficiency
Gross Area
Assigned Net Area
Unassigned Area
Space Identification and Allocation • Building efficiency – Estimate the amount of additional square footage (meters) that will be required to account for unprogrammed spaces including: • • • • • •
Circulation spaces Walls Mechanical and electric rooms Janitor’s closets Rest rooms Miscellaneous storage
N ÷
G
÷ X
E
0.75 2
1.25
9 7
20 60
Net Area Circulation Mechanical Walls Toilets Janitors Storage
Space Identification and Allocation • Building efficiency – – – –
Very substantial percent of the building area Net-to-Gross Ratio or Building Efficiency Varies significantly for different building types If it is accounted for incorrectly, it can have a significant negative impact on building quality.
Building efficiency
Efficiency = Net Area / Gross Area
Space Identification and Allocation • Building efficiency – Calculation of efficiency:
Net Area = Gross Area Efficiency 6000 m2 60%
= 10,000 m2
Thank you.
Dr. Yasser Mahgoub