Pneumonia Stroke Series What is Pneumonia? Pneumonia is an infection in one or both of the lungs. It is usually caused by germs such as bacteria, viruses and fungi. The infection causes the air sacs in the lungs to be inflamed and fill up with fluids or pus. This causes symptoms such as cough, fever, chills and breathing difficulties. Who does it affect? It can affect anyone but is more common in: • People who are in poor health • Older adults who are above 65 years old or very young children • Smoker • Heavy alcohol drinker
What are the symptoms? • Sudden onset of high fever • Chills and sweating • Shortness of breath • Sharp chest pain when coughing or deep breathing • Greenish, rusty or blood stained sputum • Confusion • Muscle pain • Headache • Nausea and vomiting • Diarrhoea What are the problems if pneumonia is not treated? • Build up of fluids in the lungs (pleural effusion) • Severe breathing difficulties • Bacteria in the blood or “blood poisoning” (Septicaemia)