CCDS - site analysis - jln raja abdullah

Jalan Raja Abdullah MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE MARCH 2021 Culture and Community Design Studio (ARC 70209)

Contents History and Culture

01

Historical Timeline Urban Morphology General Demographics Historical Buildings & Landmarks Activities & Events on Site

Circulation

04

Site Context

02

Key Plan, Location Plan, Site Plan Zoning on Districts & Land Use Regulations & Requirements

Macro Circulation Micro Circulation Walkability

Sensory

05

Views & Vistas Noise and Sound Texture

Climatic Studies & Physical Features

03

Sun path Shadow Casting Precipitation Drainage Slope & Height Differences

2

Part I: History and Culture

3

Introduction to Jalan Raja Abdullah Jalan Raja Abdullah is one of many roads located in the neighbourhood of Kampung Baru in central Kuala Lumpur, and was originally known as Hale Road, named after the Collector of Land Revenue of Kuala Lumpur and Registrar of Titles for Selangor, Abraham Hale (Figure 1.0), due to his contribution in the creation of Kampung Baru.

In the 1970s, however, Hale Road became present day Jalan Raja Abdullah, aptly named after Raja Abdullah, who in the 19th century alongside his brother Raja Jumaat were instrumental in the opening of tin mines in Klang Valley, especially in Ampang. He was also responsible for bringing in 87 Chinese tin miners from Lukut, eventually laying the foundation for the establishment of Kuala Lumpur.

Abraham Hale (1854-1919) in 1907 Source: http://www.phakinee.com/finding-abrah am-hale-creator-of-john-smith/

4

5

Introduction to Kampung Baru.

Founded in 1899, Kampung Baru / “Kampong Baharu” is a name given by the British government at the time (Federal Malay States) to call a cluster of smaller villages that each already had their unique names. It is classified as the oldest residential area in Kuala Lumpur.

They intended for the people to be “Malay”, so as to “educate the children of Malays” to take part in the administration and enable them to reap of the present prosperity but the settlers were subjected to settlement tax and contract rules (e.g.) fines for failing to cultivate plots.

Despite the modernisation of times’ past, this village in the city has a stronghold on its historical remnants, as it can be seen through the many traditional Malay wooden houses, and also due in fact that its inhabitants refused all forms of transformation.

6

Historical Timeline of Kampung Baru

7

1900–1940: Under the British Government

1899

Sir Frank Swettenham

Sir Frank Swettenham(first Resident General of the Federal Malay States), and J.P. Rodger(British Resident of Selangor) expressed the intention to establish a Malay settlement in Kuala Lumpur.

J.P Rodger

Its purpose was to provide a settlement and opportunities for the Malay ethnic group to carry out agricultural activities as well as foster cultural and traditional trade/artisanal skills.

8

The “Malay Agricultural Settlement” (M.A.S) was formed under the Selangor Government Gazette No. 20, Section 6 of the Land Rule 1897, under the administration of the M.A.S Board.

The first volume of the M.A.S book of Registrars that includes all the names of first ever settlers.

Roles of Management Board of M.A.S

1900

I. II. III.

Approval of distribution of residential lots Control of how land was developed, including aspects of cleanliness Documentation of registration of settlers and transfers according to Syariah Law

9

1901

1902

Paddy planting was declared unsuitable due to its reliance on the rivers, of which periodically caused flooding due to heavy rain.

Sixteen planters from the village started the paddy rice cultivation on four acres of land, with help of irrigation from the Klang River and Bunus River.

Kampung Baru in the 1900s

10

1940–1945: under the Japanese Rule The first Malay Girls school in Kampung Baru was built. In the same year, settlers of Kampung Periok and Kampung Hujung Pasir were given land grants.

1914

Beginnings of the occupation of the Japanese Army in Kuala Lumpur.

1927

Implementation of infrastructure such as street lighting and roadside piped water started at Hale Road (now Jalan Raja Abdullah) and Princess Road (now Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz).

Members of the Japanese Army took over as the Deputy Chairman of M.A.S, of which meeting minutes were written in both Japanese and Malay.

1942–1945

Japanese Army pictured in Kampung Baru in the 1940s

11

1946–present: Seeds of Independence and Modernisation

1946

1 to 4 March

18 January

Gathering of the Malayan Congress at the Sultan Sulaiman Club, headed by Dato’ Onn Jaafar.

The M.A.S Rules of 1951 was gazetted, updating the previous one; rules of occupation and management as well as its terms and conditions would fall under the M.A.S Board.

1960

Kuala Lumpur was proclaimed as a Federal Territory, disassociating itself from the State of Selangor.

1955

Aerial view of 1960s Kampung Baru.

12

1969

Individual plot developments were proposed by DBKL with a rolling fund of RM5 million.

The settlers were given land titles; giving them full ownership of what can or can not be done to their land.

Past PM Tun Dr Mahathir’s intervention also led to no avail.

Official reinforcements during the racial riots of May 13th.

1975–1991 1965

The Racial Riots of May 13th began at Princess Road(now Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz).

Thus begins the first of many attempts by Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) to transform Kampung Baru towards a feasible comprehensive development.

13

1946–present: Seeds of Independence and Modernisation

Kampung Baru Comprehensive Development Plan 2035 was announced and is expected to develop 17,500 residential units that can accommodate up to 77,000 people.

2012

2018–2021

Kampung Baru as of 2013.

After twenty years, the Kampung Baru Development Board (KBDB) was formed once again for its comprehensive development.

2015

Despite prior approval of its plans, redevelopment ideas remain stagnant as of 2021.

Kampung Baru has remained just as it always has – an Urban Village.

14

Urban Morphology

15

1900

Site

Kampung Roads

Tarred Roads

‘New’ Roads

‘New’ Buildings

‘Old’ Buildings

Kampung Baru started off as a village; a cluster of houses in a neighbourhood context. Agriculture was prominent within the village; chilli, banana, paddy, herbs, and etc.

Jalan Raja Abdullah, formerly known as Hale Road, is situated at Kampung Hujung Pasir.

Klang River

Greenscape

16

1927

Site

Kampung Roads

Tarred Roads

‘New’ Roads

‘New’ Buildings

Infrastructure such as tarred roads, street lighting and roadside piped water were implemented, Jalan Raja Abdullah/Hale Road was the first of the roads to receive such upgrades. Road networks appeared to be constructed according to a plan.

‘Old’ Buildings

Klang River

Greenscape

17

1950 –1965

Site

Kampung Roads

Tarred Roads

‘New’ Roads

‘New’ Buildings

‘Old’ Buildings

Klang River

Greenscape

High-rise buildings have begun to develop on areas to the left of Kampung Baru.

The settlers of Kampung Baru were given land titles, which meant that the area was to be developed and owned exclusively by the Malay ethnic group – resulting in the difficulty of “outsiders” obtaining the many plots of land for future developments.

18

1970s

Site

Kampung Roads

The massive flood of 1971 resulted in the Klang River being drastically straightened, deepened and widened, to mitigate flood occurrences.

Tarred Roads

‘New’ Roads

‘New’ Buildings

The image of Kampung Baru worsened as this resulted in a physical separation from Jalan Ampang.

‘Old’ Buildings

Klang River

Greenscape

19

1990s

Site

Kampung Roads

Tarred Roads

‘New’ Roads

‘New’ Buildings

The Light Rail Transit (LRT) stations were opened to provide access and connectivity to the rest of Kuala Lumpur for both visitors and residents.

Constructed underground, indicative of the 1965 settlement.

‘Old’ Buildings

Klang River

Greenscape

20

2000s–now

Site

Kampung Roads

Tarred Roads

‘New’ Roads

High-rise buildings have spread to nearly all areas of Kampung Baru; as if swallowing it.

From a network of well-connected roads to a cluster of highways and multiple smaller roads.

‘New’ Buildings

‘Old’ Buildings

Klang River

Greenscape

Situated in a congested city, Kampung Baru/Jalan Raja Abdullah is a village in a city, with redevelopment plans still up in the air.

21

Demographics

22

General Race

Nationality

Chinese

Malay

Malaysian

Indian

Others

Non-Malaysian

Age Group

17 years & below 30 — 59

Malays are the largest population around Jalan Raja Abdullah, mainly at residential and commercial areas.

The population of the foreign workers are slowly increasing, alongside expansion of commercial activities.

18 —29 60 years & above

The youth and middle-aged take up a majority with the elderly being the lowest; a mixed-age population.

23

Permanent & Transient Nodes T1

P1

Prominent gathering spots, of which lines or pathways intersect and branch out.

P2

Morning

Afternoon

Global Nodes

Night

P3 P4

Weekday Weekend

V T5

T3

T2 T4

P5 Morning

Afternoon

Local Nodes

Night

P6

P7

Weekday Weekend

T6

Nodes which public gather the most and disperse to other places

Where locals gather to go about their daily routines and activities

P8 P9

Low Frequency

P

Permanent Nodes

High Frequency

T

Temporary Nodes

24

Morning

Afternoon

Night

T1

T1

P1 P2 Medan Tuanku Monorail station The number of users is constant during weekdays and less crowded during weekends.

Morning

Afternoon

Night

P1

Quill City Mall A popular spot that mainly attracts students and the local youth during their free time.

P2

Morning

Afternoon

Night

University Kuala Lumpur (UniKL) High frequency during school hours and lowest during the weekends.

25

Morning

Afternoon

Night

P3

The Row (Asian Heritage Row) It is crowded mostly during weekends when youngsters usually go to eat out and attend events.

Morning

P3 P4

Afternoon

Night

T2

T2

Jalan Kamunting Office lunch and weekend crowd in due to iconic eateries and a collection of hotels in the neighbourhood.

P4

Morning

Afternoon

Night

Jalan Raja Abdullah Occupied with commercial activity by day and food vending by night and constantly used by users as it is connected to major road in the weekdays and weekends.

26

Morning

Afternoon

Night

T3

Dang Wangi LRT Station The underground rapid LRT station is used mostly in the morning and evening as mode of transportation to workplaces during weekdays Morning

Afternoon

Night

P5

T3 Malaysian Institute of Art The institute is more active and highly populated during school hours and quiet during the weekends.

P5

P6

P6

Morning

Afternoon

Night

KL Forest Eco Park (Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve) Low crowd density in the park during weekdays and weekends due to secluded location

27

Morning

Afternoon

Night

T4

Bus Stop @ Jalan Dang Wangi It is less crowded compared to the LRT station and Monorail station. The number of users is constant during the weekdays, and it is used less during weekends.

Morning

Afternoon

Night

T5

T5

Back Alley @ Wilayah Complex During the day, it is used by pedestrians for shading seatings. Alleyways are turned into street food stalls.

T4

P7

P7

Morning

Afternoon

Night

Jalan Bunus 6 Close to Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman, large crowds due to textile and street food trading activities in the evening.

28

Morning

Afternoon

Night

T6

Cap Square The centre of capsquare is well-connected with surrounding major thoroughfares, is busy during lunch break.

Morning

Afternoon

Night

P8

Jakel Mall The mall is most popular on the weekends as compared to weekdays. Additional to this, Fridays are highly dense due to weekly prayers.

P9

T6

Morning

Afternoon

Night

P8 P9

Kuala Lumpur Tower The tower is a tourist attraction and usually crowded especially on weekend afternoons and during school holidays.

29

Historical Buildings and Landmarks

30

Klang River

Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve

KL Tower SMK Convent Bukit Nanas

Site

31

Activities & Events on Site

32

Hawkers & Eateries 4 Eateries located directly on site are affected.

1

3

2

4

1 2 3 4

Hawkers and Eateries are potentials of nodes and thus created a centre of activity especially during lunch hours (which seemed to have the highest density of contact) These businesses are majorly supported by the working community around the site.

33

Hawkers & Eateries 1

4

2

5

3

6

1 2 3

4

5

6 7

7

34

Gardening & Plantation

Notice that the stretch of narrow land behind the old houses, they are being utilised as a plot of land to do gardening and plantations even at the smallest scale of land available.

35

Offices & Institutes 1

KSK Group

2

Wisma Ra

3

Wisma TKT

1

Kuala Lumpur University

2

Malaysian Institute of Art

4

Wisma RKT / Banks

1

1

4

2

2 3

36

Hotels & Residential 1

2

Stripes Hotel

2

Red Hotel

3

Flora Hotel

1 2 1

Capsquare Residence

2

Anggun Residence

3

Menara City One Condominium

3 1

3

37

Existing buildings must be left where they are; History should not be moved so that their souls remain.

Settlers’ Requirements of Development in Kampung Baru The political atmosphere of Kampung Baru is unique because of the 1965 acquisition of Land Titles and Ownership. The M.A.S Board have more power on their land.

Development plans over the years have been unsuccessful due to the requirements not being met by developers and DBKL.

Transformation must be done gradually and according to financial capabilities of landowners; from its residential typology to a mixed development.

Stronger commitment and ownership by stakeholders; landowners must be made partners alongside the development team, and not mere consultees.

Incorporation of Malay architecture; for high buildings, and appropriately manifested as such.

rise

Places for outdoor and indoor congregations; cultural events, festivities and etc.

for

Mix of commercial outlets with “village atmosphere”; for kiosks, market or bazaar settings, and informal eateries.

Modern infrastructure and facilities

38

S.W.O.T Strengths

Weaknesses

Surroundings

Environmental Aspects

-

Architecture significance; a variation of dwellings, ranging from low-rise wooden houses to high-end condominiums

-

Cultural richness; food, café and street art, market culture acts a point of interaction to gather diverse community

-

Located nearby to KL Tower and KL Eco Park (Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve), which are prominent landmarks

Ecological Aspects

-

Economical Aspects Existing node located across site, future expansion of commercial activities

Socio-cultural Aspects

-

-

Lack of proper sidewalk pedestrian walkway No active river frontage from adjacent buildings Noise from traffic Privatization of streets and back alley disrupts service lane Parking issues (Illegal parking at sidewalk disrupt walkability of pedestrian)

Social Aspects Social isolation among community

Abundance of trees surrounding the site to provide a place for recreational activities

Opportunities -

-

Potential spot to enhance and promote art , food and cultural heritage

Threats Environmental Aspects Increasing of traffic congestion during peak hours Flash flood in the site area after heavy rain Presence of drug addicts and homeless people wandering on site Culture and identity is threatened Potential future development caused by gentrification removes existing site experience

39

Design Suggestions

2nd

FUTURE DEVELOP MENT

1st

FUTURE DEVELOP MENT

FUTURE DEVELOP MENT

GF

1

Provide public space on ground floor to allow users to extent their activity into the new development

2

Provide F&B that could benefit for both local user and new user

3

Widen the road to improve walkability towards new residential development

4

Linkage to pedestrian bridge allowing user to have direct access

40

Part 2: Site Context

41

Key Plan The proposed site is located in between Chow Kit and Menara Kuala Lumpur. It is right below Kampung Baru and above KL City Center, right at the edge of the suburb along the Klang river.

42

Location Plan The proposed site is accessible via Jalan Raja Abdullah and Jalan Dang Wangi. It sits above the river bank of Klang River with Dang Wangi LRT station connected on the other site. The site is also surrounded by multiple main roads and highways.

43

Site Plan & Boundary The Proposed site have an area of 3531.46 sqm with roughly 127.4 meters in length and 24.9 meters in width.

The Boundary is defined both along the road (Jalan Raja Abdullah) and curves of the river banks (Klang River) & pedestrian pathway on both top (link to pedestrian bridge) and bottom (Klang river Bridge).

44

Site Plan + Set Back The diagram shows the site with a standard setback of 6096mm. It shows that the north region of the site will remain a severely narrow buildable area and slowly expand towards the south region until it is roughly double in width.

This full perimeter setback covers both west (Jalan Raja Abdullah) and east (Klang River) side as well to achieve the standard malaysia bomba’s requirements.

45

District The Proposed site sits at the edge Kampung Baru (Residential) alongside Klang River with corporates and institutions across the river; whereas the site can be easily accessible to the commercial shops and buildings.

Commercial Residential Educational Corporate River Greenscape

46

Zoning Land use

Commercial Corporate Educational Hotel Residential Open-air carpark Public Amenities / Services

47

Landmark

48

49

50

51

52

Walkability 53

Building Typologies The architectural style evolves as the radius stretches out on the site surrounded by traditional (low-rise) architectural buildings.

Low-rise Mid-rise High-rise River Greenscape

54

Low-rise

1 Traditional Johorian & Melakan House

2

1 2 3

Traditional Chinese Shophouse

Renovated Shop lot

3

55

Mid-rise 1 3

Post-Modern

2 2

Post-Modern + classic revival

1

3 Late Modern

56

High-rise 1

Late-modern + Post-modern skyscrapers

3 2

2

1

3

57

Street Elevations + Skyline

58

Street Elevation 1

59

Street Elevation 2

60

Design Suggestions 1.

If the layout design with perimeter around the site to allow Bomba access , No structure allow to cantilever at 1st Floor due to obstruction of Bomba Circulation on Ground Floor. Clear 5.5m clearance height is required for Bomba Circulation. After the clearance height, building can be cantilever to accommodate more space.

2.

If the layout design without Bomba access towards the back lane,as proposal,the wall facing the river side should be design with fire rated wall. Hence, additional area are provided at the frontage to allow more space to be design within the set back.

1

Site boundary

Set back line

Site boundary

Site boundary

Set back line

Site boundary

2

5.5m clearance height

61

S.W.O.T Strength -

Weakness Convenient Location as the site is easily accessible, surrounded multiple landmarks

-

Sufficient Amenities (provided with man-made feature and utilities)

-

Strategically located beside LRT Station

Opportunity -

-

Site area is sufficient to accommodate a multi-functional space / Segregate into multiple spaces (contrasting elements of work, entertainment and accomodation) A possible good place-making (intention of creating public spaces)

-

Sunken topography (low valley)

-

Inconsistency of building typology

-

Site is long and narrow in shape may limit the design layout to span one axis and less space to control the user walkability)

-

Site level significantly lower than street level (+- 400mm) and inconsistent

Threats -

Possible flooding in the future due to sunken typology

-

No fire hydrant in site

-

Site may not be wide enough for fire appliance access (UBBL 1984 - 140)

62

Part 3: Climatic Studies & Physical Features

63

Precipitation Rainfall & Flood There are mainly 2 wet seasons and 1 dry wet season pertaining to Kampung Baru.

From January to end of April its considered as wet season and the other wet season is from October to December.The second wet season is associated with more precipitation.The dry season runs from June till August.The average annual precipitation is of 723 mm (28.5inch).

Hydrologist Dr Zulkifli Yusop (inset) says KL’s drainage system was overwhelmed by the excessive rainfall during flash flood and can barely deal with above 70 mm at once.

64

Precipitation Rainfall & Flood Implications The site is situated along Jalan Sultan Ismail and near the Jalan Raja Alang which are cited as severe flooded areas in the recent and past flash floods.The problem should be addressed so as to prevent calamities when it comes to the site.Another issue that needs attention is when the river Klang water level rises, debris and waste are often observed on the banks of the river which are mainly due to water pollution.

Heavy rain which lashed the Klang Valley from 1.30pm caused flooding across the capital, with the five worst-hit areas being Lebuh Ampang, Jalan Raja Alang (Kampung Baru), Lorong Air Leleh (Setapak),Jalan Gurney and Jalan San Ah Wing (Semarak).

65

Shadow Casting Building Shadow casting is a very important aspect of analysis as it brings specific data about the site pertaining to direct or indirect sun exposure,hence guides mainly in facade planning and energy efficiency.

Figure 1.0 illustrate the shadow cast at 8hr00 in the morning,the site gets shadow mainly from the two highrise which are the Sunway tower and the Menara Safuan which are located on the other side of the river klang.The shadow cast is mainly at the corner of Jalan Raja Abdullah and the E12 road.

66

Shadow Casting Building Figure 2.0 illustrate the shadow cast at 10hr00 in the morning,the site gets no cast shadow from the adjacents buildings,thus leaving the site exposed to the sun glare and heat.

67

Shadow Casting Building Figure 3.0 illustrate the shadow cast at 12hr00 at noon,the site gets no shadow.

The shadow cast is mainly at the corner of Jalan Raja Abdullah and the E12 road,mainly from the two highrise which are the Sunway tower and the Menara Safuan which are located on the other side of the river klang.

68

Shadow Casting Building Figure 4.0 illustrate the shadow cast at 14hr00 in the afternoon,the site gets no cast shadow from the adjacents buildings,thus leaving the site exposed to the sun glare and heat.

69

Shadow Casting Building Figure 5.0 illustrate the shadow cast at 16hr00 in the afternoon, the site gets shadow mainly from the buildings from the west .

The shadow cast is mainly all over the site except the corner adjacent to Jalan Sultan Ismail

70

Shadow Casting Building Figure 6.0 illustrate the shadow cast at 18hr00 in the evening,the site gets maximal cast shadow from the adjacents buildings on the west,thus leaving the site minimally exposed to the sun glare and heat.

71

Sun Path Equinox An equinox is commonly regarded as the instant of time when the plane of Earth's equator passes through the center of the Sun. This occurs twice each year: around 20 March and 23 September.

In other words, it is the moment at which the center of the Sun is directly visible above the Equator.On 21st of June (Summer Solstice) the building to the West cast some shadow.The site is exposed to direct solar radiation throughout the summer.

72

Green Area Distribution

Figure 1 shows green areas distribution in macro context. The proposed site is located ar compact and dense urban development area.

There is lack access to the park/green space for community wellbeing.

Site Location Greenscape Figure 1

73

Inverted Built-up Area

Figure 2 shows the inverted built up area in macro context. More than 90% of the areas are concrete jungle. Urban heat island may arise by built surfaces of tall buildings, development, road, road and concrete structure.

Site Location Greenscape Built up

Figure 2

74

Types of Vegetation

Site

Klang River

Vegetation

75

Types of Vegetation

Site

Klang River

Vegetation

76

Types of Vegetation

Site

Klang River

Vegetation

77

Types of Vegetation

Site

Klang River

Vegetation

78

Types of Vegetation

Banana trees and vegetables planted by the community.

Site

Klang River

Vegetation

Coconut Tree

79

Drainage 2

1

2

4

Underground drain holes to the embankment of river, across the length of site

Two types of drainage on curb and pedestrian path with manholes

2

3

Large channel drain at the Southern side of site highest point around 2800mm depth

Shallow channel drain 300mm depth at the middle of the empty parking lot

80

Slope / Height Differences

Height differences of around 400-500mm observed between the pedestrian walkway and the houses along the site

81

S.W.O.T Weakness

Strength -

Site is well lit throughout the day and has adequate ventilation due to open side from the river.

-

Good existing drainage infrastructure on site.

Opportunity -

The site is well shaded in the afternoon by the Western buildings, can can be used as a space for activities.

-

Site is oriented in such a way that the 2 longest sides faces the West and East.Facade treatment maybe needed to counterpart the direct sun exposure and glare.

-

Lack of social/green public space at site.

-

Unorganised dedicated farming land at site.

Threats -

Site is prone to floods and is highlighted as a zone of risk for flash floods.

-

The site is part of the urban heat island.

82

Part 4: Circulation

83

Macro Accessibility 3 main road that the site include :

intersects

AK

LE H

H

ig

hw

ay

3

1

1.

2.

-

Jalan Raja Abdullah Stretches to Kampong Bahru Jalan Raja Dang Wangi Leads to Jalan Ampang that connects to Bukit Nanas and KLCC

2

3.

-

AKLEH Highway Starting point to Ampang

2-Way Road

Highway

1-Way Road

Primary Road

84

Traffic Intensity 1. Jalan Sultan Ismail

As a traffic intersection, the road is always congested.

AK

LE

H

H

ig

hw

ay

(HIGH INTENSITY)

2. Jalan Raja Abdullah (MODERATE INTENSITY) 2-Way wide road and traffic stops at road ends contributes to a moderate congestion.

3. Jalan Raja Dang Wangi (MODERATE - LOW INTENSITY) Traffic intensity progress from moderate to low towards Jalan Ampang where traffics are dispersed.

4. AKLEH Highway (LOW INTENSITY) As the starting point of the highway with a traffic turn, it is rare the road will be congested.

85

Micro Vehicular Accessibility Jalan Raja Abdullah - Two way road allows site accessibility from both direction.

Site access is predicted at both areas highlighted in orange mainly due to the existing traffic control devices immediate to our site.

86

Public Transport Networks of Public Transport around our site allows the user to access to and from the other districts of the city within its coverage area.

87

Cyclists Existing Bicycle Lane resides only on to the North of the site. But there are also quotes without bicycle lane, observed to be used by cyclists during the weekend. They usually stop by roads with eateries and bicycle workshops.

88

Pedestrian Circulation 9AM - Journey to Work - Transition Point Movement of pedestrian is mostly around the eateries at the morning for some breakfast.

Overall density of pedestrian around site is relatively low due to transitional character of the site.

the the

Transient routes does not have nodes for pedestrians as a stopping point.

Transition Point - Journey to Work

89

Pedestrian Circulation 12PM - Social Magnet - Eateries as Attraction Visitors come into the site to have lunch at famous eateries. (Yut Kee & Ali Muthu Ah Hock) The site transform into a social magnets that invites community in for lunch break, hence the denser pedestrian flow.

Visitors lining up in front of Yut Kee.

Social Magnet - Eateries as Attraction

90

Pedestrian Circulation 9PM - Gathering Spot - Moment of Stay Site act as a gathering spot, encourages the community to have a longer stay.

Gathering spots such as the roadside food stall, bars and mamaks encourage community to stay longer, hence higher pedestrian density.

Mamak stall crowded with locals.

Gathering Spot - Moment of Stay

91

Pedestrian Circulation Weekday - Necessities - Daily Routine Site plays the role of fulfilling the daily needs of the community. Eateries, Malls, Convenience stores are the main visiting spots.

Hence, the pedestrian density is relatively consistent throughout the day.

Daily needs draw in pedestrian towards nodes.

Necessities - Daily Routine

92

Pedestrian Circulation Weekend - Mode of travel changed During weekend, the cyclist community are outnumbering the pedestrians which justify that the mode of travel changes from foot to bikes.

Pedestrian Density around the eateries is not affected by the arrival of cyclist.

Both pedestrians and cyclists contribute to the density of nodes.

Mode of travel changed - cyclist community

93

Character of Path Primary path (designated pavement / walkway) Secondary path (alleyways, shortcuts, in-between building) Path of interest (primary path) Path of interest (secondary path) Zebra crossing Pedestrian bridge

94

1A

1B

Jalan Raja Abdullah

1C

Jalan Raja Abdullah

1D

Jalan Raja Abdullah

Jalan Raja Abdullah

ACROSS THE SITE INCONSISTENT FLOW OF PATH Extension of business to pavement, defected pavement, illegal parking of motorcycles and exposure to direct sun.

2A

2B

Jalan Kamunting

2C

Jalan Dang Wangi

2D

Side Alleyway Yut Kee

Jalan Dang Wangi

ALONG NODE EATERIES Cultural Influence Influence of eateries to the pedestrian realm include improving pavement quality, extension of business to pavement and side alleyway to enliven and inject cultural qualities and good maintenance of pavements that encourage pedestrians.

95

3A

3B

Persiaran Capsquare

3E

3C

Jalan Ampang

Back lane parallel to Klang river

Jalan Dang Wangi

3F

3D

3G

Jalan Sehala

Jalan Ampang

3H

Jalan Doraisamy

Jalan Raja Abdullah

PANORAMIC SCENERY

GREENSCAPE

VISUAL ENRICHMENT

COMFORTABLE EXPERIENCE

As the pavements are wide and have minimal obstructions, pedestrians can have good range of surrounding view.

Presence of trees and shrubs provide shading and cooling to the pavements which subsequently improves the comfort level.

96

5-foot Walkway Usage

Motorcycle Obstruction

Illegal parking of motorcycles often obstructs the pedestrian walkability.

Extension of Business

Extension obstructs pedestrian walkability however, it enlivens the pathway.

Renovated Dead End

Dead ends force pedestrians to avoid the renovated buildings into the sun-exposed path.

Leveling of Steps

Level differences in each shop house discourage pedestrian to walk along the 5-foot walkway.

97

1. INCONSISTENT FLOW OF PATH RESPONSE - To seamlessly integrate the allocation of designated commercial spaces and pedestrian paths into design.

2. CULTURAL INFLUENCE RESPONSE - Cultural extension and enrichment (Food Node) into our design.

3. FIVE FOOT WALKWAY RESPONSE - Design should consider having ‘5 Footway’ to provide shade for the pedestrian.

Quality of Path (Conceptual Comparison)

4. COMFORTABLE EXPERIENCE RESPONSE - Extending the experience into the design.

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Design Suggestions

1 Bicycle

Friendly Design Design can accommodate existing cyclist, and incorporate it to create a program for the residents and also existing locals.

2

Potential Access Point Recommended to be along Jalan Raja Abdullah and AKLEH. Jalan Dang Wangi is avoided as it has well-maintained pavements important for the overall pedestrian connectivity.

3

Accommodate The Pedestrian Behavior Response to the change of pedestrian behavior based on time and day, hence design program can either be complimenting or a new injection.

4

Building - Path Relationship Design to extend the characters of the path seamlessly, as so the enrichment of walkability does not terminate.

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S.W.O.T Strength -

-

Consistent traffic flow (No Congestion) Good connectivity to Public Transports Well shaded walkways due to surrounding (Natural & Man-Made) Wide Pavements for walking Disabled Friendly Walkways 2 Wheeler Friendly

Weakness -

Zebra crossing not aligned with nodes Non-Continuous covered walkways Illegal Parking Extension of Business (Business Encroach to Walkway) Pollution and Littering on walkways

Opportunity

Threats

-

-

-

Contrasting day and night nodes.

Design inclusive towards bikers and motorcyclist.

Pedestrian centric design.

Good to inrporate building program to public realm.

Transit Orientated Site (Transition Point) Most nodes are eatery (Vibrancy of Pedestrian)

-

Increasing of traffic congestion during peak hours.

Unsheltered walkways from heavy rain.

Presence of drug addicts and homeless people wandering on site.

100

Part 5: Sensory

101

Views to site

1

Illegal parkings of the site are blocking the pedestrian lane gives users a sense of obstruction and reduced quality of walkability.

2

Contrasting the high rise buildings with Bukit Nanas forest reserve next to it brings out an interesting perspective

102

Views to site

3

From this angle, it seems that our design has to tie in harmoniously with the KL tower and nearby high-rise buildings.

4

Greenery of the site creates a sense of vibrancy to the city together with the KL Tower at the backdrop

103

Views to site

5

Extending the view from bridge to the site alongside the river

6

Different layers of typology and building of the site liven up the site

104

Views to site

7

Integration of kampung and high rise building creates a unique juxtaposition between building typologies

8

An unblocked view from the intersection to site gives a clearer sense of place

105

Views to site

9

The big greenery gives a sense of tranquility on site to blend into the concrete jungle

A river that separates the cities and yet connects them acts as a natural edge to the site

106

Panorama Views to Site

107

Panorama Views to Site

108

Panorama Views to Site

109

Panorama Views to Site

110

Panorama Views to Site

111

Views from site 1 Temporary parking at the site for commercial use

2 Eateries and huge tree act as a contact point for people to gather

112

Views from site 3 As the river sits beside the site, it gives a lot of potential view

4

Huge parking space provides visitors to explore the walkability of site

113

Views from site 5 Contrasting the kampung or high rise buildings and traditional or modern

6 2 way lane provides accessibility to the site from different directions

114

Sound and Noise

1

Low unwanted noise due to vehicles slowing down at the turning corner into Jalan Raja Abdullah

2

Moderate unwanted noise from vehicles, especially motorcycles speeding up straight down Jalan Raja Abdullah

3

Low unwanted noise as vehicles start to slow down depending on the traffic light at the junction near the pedestrian bridge

4

Low unwanted noise due to vehicles slowing down at the turning corner into Jalan Raja Abdullah

5

Low to none unwanted vehicular movement

noise

as

there

is

zero

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Sound and Noise

6 7

Low to none unwanted vehicular movement

noise

as

there

is

zero

Low to none unwanted noise as there is zero vehicular movement and only pedestrians and students and workers from MIA use this path

8

Low unwanted noise due to vehicles slowing down at the turning corner into Jalan Ampang

9

Low to moderate unwanted noise due to vehicles at Jalan Dang Wangi

116

Texture

- what the feet feels Smooth cement flooring are found on the pedestrian bridge which connects or site to the nearby dang wangi LRT station.

1

Good Walking Experience as the path is smooth with no obstructions.

2 1 1

2

Smooth cement flooring Concrete pavers are imprinted by design inspired by islamic geometric patterns. To take the intensity of the patterned pavers down a notch, square tiles are placed strategically as to break up the pattern pavers.

2

Good Walking Experience as the path is in good condition.

Patterned concrete pavers & tiles

117

Texture

- what the feet feels Great Atmosphere

1

2 ●

A shaded pedestrian bridge and walkway leading from the Dang Wangi LRT station provides comfort from heat.

1 1

2

The pedestrian bridge leads to a shaded walkway.

2

●

A traditional vernacular house that is currently accommodating an eatery on ground floor surrounded by trees provide a cozy surroundings for passersby as well as patrons of the eatery.

Traditional Malay house surrounded by trees.

118

Texture

- what the feet feels Weathered concrete flooring is found throughout the stretch of the curb, where the damaged concrete causes an uneven “chunky” surface walking experience for pedestrians walking on the footpath.

3

Fair Walking Experience as the path requires maintenance.

Weathered concrete flooring

3 Tactile tiles are provided to allow accessibility to the blind who are passing by. However, we question its effectiveness due to certain breaks along the run of the tactile tiling.

4

4

Tactile Tiles

119

Texture

- what the feet feels Fair Atmosphere

3

●

Pedestrians are able to walk on the sidewalk despite weathered conditions of the pathway.

Weathered sidewalk flooring.

3

3 ●

The houses to the left provides a “Kampung Baru” charm contrasted by surrounding buildings.

4

Houses which makes the edge of Kampung Baru.

120

Texture

- what the feet feels

5

The curb which is the typical pedestrian pathway is obstructed, making it dangerous as pedestrians need to walk on the vehicular road.

Poor Walking Experience as the path is currently blocked from pedestrians.

Curb being blocked off from pedestrians.

The future of the sidewalk However, the reason why the paths are blocked currently is to accommodate for upgrading works to be done to the curb.

5

After the works are done, our site will be more accessible through foot due to better conditions of the pedestrian pathway.

Upgrading works currently done to the curb.

121

Texture

- what the feet feels Poor Atmosphere

5 ●

Pedestrians have to share their pathway with the vehicular road.

●

Ongoing construction may appear unpleasant to passerbys.

Sidewalk being barricaded to make way for upgrading works.

5

Ongoing construction that is causing a disruption to the walking experience.

5

122

Texture

- what the feet feels

6

Parallel to Jalan Dang Wangi is a wide pedestrian walkway that is paired with tactile tiles,and is in proper condition.

Great Walking Experience due to proper condition of the pathway, despite some litter on the side of the walkway.

Concrete curb with tactile tiles on the side.

Good Atmosphere -Clear Distinction between pedestrian pathway and vehicular road.

-Good view to our site and the River of Life.

6 The sidewalk offers great view to the Klang River and our site.

123

Texture

what the eye sees, the existing contextual materials

1.

3

1.

2.

3.

4.

Timber panels & louvers windows

2.

Ventilation bricks

4.

The Old | Traditional Metal folding gate / concrete curb

Metal deck roof

124

Texture

what the eye sees, the existing contextual materials

1.

3

1.

2.

4.

Metal Cladding

Fair faced brick, timber window

2.

3.

4.

The Contemporary

Glass windows/curtain walls

Timber louvers

125

Design Suggestions

1

Natural Buffer

Provide welcoming views and shade while contributing to dampening the vehicular noise from incoming traffic

2

Staggered massing

To respond to building context and skyline of traditional and high-rise buildings in Kampong Bharu

3

Acceptance

By opening up views into the structure and out to the site to be more integrated with communities and surrounding context

126

S.W.O.T Strength

Weakness

-

-

-

View towards landmarks such as KL Tower and Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve gives a sense of attraction on site A very civilized and safe neighbourhood gives assurance towards the entire community

-

Awkward juxtaposition between traditional kampong houses and high-rise buildings lowers the sense of place and causes the site to lose its identity Surrounding site context feels left out of place No rhythm and harmony between existing buildings on site Unpleasant riverside view depending on the height on the tide

Opportunity

Threats

-

-

-

To introduce a common dwelling ground for transient users and residential users to come together on site To encourage people to visit our site by utilizing the surrounding accessibility.

To create a biophilic environment supporting the nearby forest reserve

-

Kampong Bharu losing its identity through the introduction of contemporary building typologies The proposed building does not accommodate to existing communities and business owners on site.

127

Drone Shots

128

Drone Shots

129

Drone Shots

130

Drone Shots

131

Drone Shots

132