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NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 · VOL. CXXXVII, NO. 14 · yaledailynews.com

INSIDE THE NEWS MORNING EVENING

RAINY CLEAR

72 50

CROSS CAMPUS

PSYCHOLOGY ENTITIES GIVEN AGENCY

FOOD

POLITICS

“Spoon,” a new foodcentric publication, comes to Yale

HARP ENCOURAGES YALE DEMS TO VOTE FOR MALLOY

PAGES 12-13 SCI-TECH

PAGE 3 UNIVERSITY

PAGE 3 CITY

Hirsi Ali addresses over 300

Doggy paddling. Photographer Seth Casteel is in town promoting his coffee table book “Underwater Puppies” at R.J. Julia Booksellers. Deb Wan, president of the Friends of New Haven Animal Shelter, will also be in attendance and is bringing along an actual puppy. Casteel previously published the bestseller “Underwater Dogs” in 2012.

Not liberal enough? The Daily Caller published a piece this week listing the “Ivy League’s 13 Most Daffy, Outrageously Liberal Courses.” No courses from Yale made the list, which included four classes from Brown, three from Harvard and two each from UPenn, Dartmouth and Princeton. Harvard gets high. The Harvard Crimson published a piece detailing observations from two reporters dispatched to Boston’s Hemp Fest this past weekend. Among the booths in attendance was a school called Northeastern Institute of Cannabis, which sounds way more fun than Harvard. I love it. Icona Pop and Grace

Potter have been announced as headliners for Cornell’s homecoming concert.

Final four. Columbia

University was named as a finalist, one of four, for the site of the Barack Obama Presidential Library.

THIS DAY IN YALE HISTORY

1968 George and Harry’s restaurant and dairy bar is sold to the University. Submit tips to Cross Campus

crosscampus@yaledailynews.com

ONLINE y MORE goydn.com/xcampus

PAGE 5 CITY

Festival honors writers This week, the eight recipients of the second annual Donald Windham-Sandy M. Campbell Literature Prize are converging at Yale for a festival celebrating their literary work and careers. The festival began late Monday afternoon with a keynote address by novelist Zadie Smith and a prize ceremony, which awarded $150,000 to each of the honored authors. Throughout the week, the prizewinners will engage in a variety of events, such as Master’s Teas, panels and conversations with faculty, all of which are free and open to the public.

Big names. The five recipients

Jealous. According to The Huffington Post, “[Do not] go to an Ivy League school if you want to make a lot of money or have a meaningful job right after graduation.” In an article titled “Ivy League Schools Don’t Guarantee A Great Job Right Out Of College” that summarizes data from PayScale, none of the Ivy League schools made the top 10 for early career pay or how meaningful graduates found their jobs. For mid-career pay, only Yale made it into the 10 best schools.

Report reveals racial profiling in YPD and NHPD

BY PHOEBE KIMMELMAN AND AMANDA BUCKINGHAM STAFF REPORTERS

Plan B. Gawker published a ranking list of safety schools this week. Cornell came in first place in the list of 21 schools. Dartmouth came in 18th place, but no other Ivy Leagues made the list. The list also included the option of staying home, which outranked Tufts University.

of the Association of Yale Alumni’s 2014 Yale Medal are Sherry Agar ’82, Edward P. Bass ’67 ARC ’72, Marv Berenblum ’56, Michael Madison ’83 and John M.R. Thomas ’80. The Yale Medal is the highest award presented by the AYA and is given for individual service to the University. Since being inaugurated in 1952, the award has been given to 298 individuals.

TRAFFIC

ANDRE MANUEL/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Hirsi Ali’s talk has generated a large amount of controversy on Yale’s campus in recent days. BY NICOLE NG AND WESLEY YIIN STAFF REPORTERS In spite of controversy surrounding her invitation to campus, Ayaan Hirsi Ali delivered her speech Monday night without significant interruption or disturbance. Hirsi Ali is a Somali-born American activist known for her advocacy for women’s rights and anti-Islamic views. Several weeks ago, she was invited to speak at an event called “Clash of Civilizations: Islam and

the West” sponsored by the William F. Buckley Jr. Program. In response, last week, the Muslim Students Association sent a letter signed by over 30 other student organizations to all students, expressing concerns over Hirsi Ali’s lack of academic credentials to speak on Islam, as well as over the allegedly hateful anti-Islam statements that she had made in the past. These sentiments were partially born out of Hirsi Ali’s traumatic childhood experiences related to her religious upbringing, includ-

Yale site to be revamped

Yale strives in all that we do to recognize and inspire and nurture excellence in every field.

ing undergoing female genital mutilation and allegedly being forced into marriage. The talk was attended by over 300 individuals, with lines to enter the auditorium stretching more than a block. While the MSA did not organize any formal demonstration during the actual event, the organization did maintain a booth outside of the lecture hall with educational leaflets about Islam.

At the prize ceremony, University President Peter Salovey spoke in front of a crowd of about 200 to thank the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library for serving as “custodian for the prizes” and Prize Program Director Michael Kelleher for overseeing the festival. Salovey then offered some general remarks about the prizewin-

SEE ALI PAGE 4

SEE WCP PAGE 6

PETER SALOVEY President, Yale University

Zadie Smith talks literary rebellion

BY MATTHEW LLOYD-THOMAS AND VICTOR WANG STAFF REPORTER AND CONTRIBUTING REPORTER While many other universities’ online home pages feature interactive videos and maps, the Yale home page greets users with a static image of students sitting outside a residential college. But after six years with the same site, Yale’s Office of Public Affairs and Communications (OPAC) is partnering with Information Technology Services (ITS) to completely redesign the home page and 30 or so of the “blue sites” that connect to the home page and comprise the central component of Yale’s website, according to University Director of Communications Elizabeth Stauderman. OPAC plans to launch the new site in August 2015.

We know that we want to create a site that is engaging and informative. ELIZABETH STAUDERMAN University Director of Communications “There has been no significant change to the Yale home page since 2008 — a long time in web years,” Stauderman said in an email. “We know that we want to create a site that is engaging and informative, and one that better captures the variety and vitality of the Yale community.” Yale’s plans for redesign come at the heels of efforts by its peer schools to revamp their images as well. Harvard refreshed its website in 2011, and Columbia also reintroduced a new site in the same year. A major part of Yale’s effort to overhaul SEE OPAC PAGE 4

ELIZABETH MILES/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Zadie Smith addressed the state of creative writing today to an audience of 600 people Monday afternoon. BY AMANDA MEI CONTRIBUTING REPORTER Acclaimed novelist Zadie Smith addressed a crowd of 600 people Monday afternoon as she delivered the keynote address of the Windham-Campbell Literary Festival. In a speech titled “Why Write?”

Smith spoke about the art of creative writing in the contemporary world to a full audience of students, faculty and members of the public in Sprague Hall. Her talk referenced George Orwell’s 1946 essay “Why I Write” and also described the creative process as a fight against normativeness. Smith is the recipient of

numerous awards such as the Whitbread First Novel Award and Orange Prize for Fiction. “The answer to this question ‘Why write?’ cannot be to satisfy a preexisting demand,” Smith said. “A good piece of writing should form SEE SMITH PAGE 6

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YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

OPINION

.COMMENT “Patricia, I am so sorry. As a Yalie and as a human being, you were not yaledailynews.com/opinion

mate change teaching earth science? Psychologists teaching that homosexuality is a mental illSCOTT ness that STERN can be cured by reparaA Stern tive therapy? Perspective H i s to r i a n s claiming that a desire for states’ rights and popular sovereignty — not, you know, slavery — led to the Civil War? No, of course not. That would be absurd. Critics on the right and in the center used to think Yale was too liberal because it wanted to admit Jews or blacks or women. They don’t complain about those things (openly) anymore. I don’t mean to parody conservative thinkers. I mean to parody the platitudinous whiners on the left and center who seem to think that a center-left coalition at American universities is some sort of problem. What these critics really want is someone who fits into their mold of an acceptable, sensible, intellectual conservative. They are just as discriminating as they accuse “liberal” colleges of being. They want someone debatable, respectable, but also palatable to their particular sensibilities. They want William F. Buckley Jr., minus the blatant racism, sexism and homophobia. They want David Brooks. And Yale already has David Brooks. Maybe it’s my predictable, sheep-like liberal bias, but I don’t see Yale as that liberal a place. It’s worth noting the profusion of conservative thought even at a place like Yale — home to neoconservative professors teaching international relations and neoliberal professors teaching economics, home to the children of privilege proudly proclaiming their libertarianism and then heading off to Wall Street. I think, to these critics, colleges seem “liberal” simply because we’ve defined liberal in such a weird way. The increasing open-mindedness of scholars who, unlike many in the past, demand evidence, question the societal status quo, and seek to go beyond the simple, patriarchal, Eurocentric view of the world is not a manifestation of lefty closed-mindedness. It’s the rejection of closed-mindedness. But even if you disagree with that statement, I hope you’ll agree that those who want more acceptable, Buckley-esque, “intellectual” conservatives at colleges are not open-minded. They don’t want true, full ideological diversity. They only want conservatives who are just conservative enough to be acceptable to them. SCOTT STERN is a senior in Branford College. His columns run on Mondays. Contact him at scott.stern@yale.edu .

'DARBY' ON 'REALITY CHECK'

Raffle the tickets

Not a liberal bastion ale is known as a pretty liberal place. One in four, maybe more. Legalize. Divest. Obama. Elizabeth Warren! This idea — immortal, contagious, omnipresent — is not new. Scores of alumni hold this view, just as scores of alumni have for a century. Look back to the roaring twenties, to Vietnam, to integration, to coeducation, to affirmative action. Alumni have called Yale too liberal as long as anyone living can remember. Most recently, this idea has reared its head in response to last year’s protests of commencement speakers that President Salovey decried in his freshman address. These protests — from Smith to Rutgers to Haverford — were incidents “in which the freedom to express ideas has been threatened,” Salovey told the throngs of freshmen. Critics across the country decried the so-called left’s involvement in this so-called censorship. Loudly. In their irate responses, they raised the specter of “free speech” again and again. The purportedly liberal Timothy Egan, in a widely lauded and bitterly sarcastic column in The New York Times, called the protesters “bigots” and “lefty thought police” whose “extremism […] is the worst enemy of free speech.” Former New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg, attacking from the right flank, decried a trend of collegiate “liberals silenc[ing] […] individuals they deemed politically objectionable.” “Conservative faculty members,” he continued, “are at risk of becoming an endangered species.” In the weeks after the commencement cancellations, Bloomberg and others repeatedly pointed out that, in 2012, 96 percent of political donations from Ivy League faculty and staff went to Barack Obama. Let’s disregard the fact that the students were protesting the honorary degrees, cash compensations and honorific nature of commencement invitations in general, not the sentiments the speakers might express. Instead, let’s dwell just on the assertion that colleges have become veritable bastions of liberalism. Citing professors’ political proclivities and refusal to blindly follow the orthodoxies of the past, incensed critics on the right and self-righteous critics on the left have excoriated liberal arts institutions for years for being too liberal. The fact that Yale professors vote overwhelmingly Democratic, wrote John Masko ’14 in the News last year, “is a painful indication that this school’s ongoing quest for meaningful academic diversity has, so far, failed.” Jonathan Zimmerman, a professor at NYU, put it more bluntly: “Universities should institute affirmative action for conservative professors, so all the professors don’t think the way I do.” I’ve long wondered what exactly these critics want. How far to the right should we go? Scientists who don’t believe in evolution teaching biology? Geologists who question global cli-

afforded the respect you deserve.”

ANNELISA LEINBACH/ILLUSTRATIONS EDITOR

he Yale College Council emailed the entire campus on Saturday to announce a raffle for five tickets to Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer’s upcoming talk at the law school. But I, along with many other students, had already received notice of the event. A number of tickets were allocated for Ethics, Politics and Economics majors and Global Affairs majors. Both groups of students received emails inviting them to the event before the YCC email was sent. Breyer’s talk is not the first event for which certain academic programs have been given preference in ticket distribution, and the implications of this kind of favoritism need to be examined. Students in Directed Studies and Grand Strategy also frequently receive invitations to events when the rest of the student body does not. Those academic programs, like EP&E and Global Affairs, require applications for admission. Having an application process for those programs and majors already creates a strange sense of hierarchy among

departments. Providing these students with special invitations to events just serves to perpetuate this false notion of DIANA prestige. ROSEN Of course, high-proLooking Left file talks have limited available seating. But when the YCC is already raffling off five tickets to the general student body, all available undergraduate tickets could just as easily be distributed via raffle. Allocating tickets for certain majors could make sense if the speech was to focus on a specialized topic, such as an event with a biology or music expert. But a speaker as well known as Breyer (or Henry Kissinger last year) is sure to appeal to a very large number of students. And even if the organizers of the Breyer event thought that the talk would be of more interest to those in the social

sciences, many students in majors similar to EP&E and Global Affairs were not given preference in ticket distribution. EP&E and Global Affairs students had to claim spots at the event by Monday morning. At that point, the Political Science department emailed its students offering them a limited number of tickets. A follow-up email six minutes later explained that all available tickets had been claimed. Later in the afternoon, Political Science students were again offered several tickets, which were all claimed within 15 minutes. Given that departments vary drastically in size, allocating tickets by major doesn’t seem to be the fairest method of distribution. I doubt students choose to major in EP&E or Global Affairs in order to get tickets for high demand events. Still, when the University offers perks like speaker tickets it perpetuates the idea that these selective programs are more desirable. That messaging is not only wrong, but also entirely inconsistent with the liberal arts

mission of the College. Yale provides excellent undergraduate educations in a wide range of subjects and nobody should be led to believe that any field is inherently preferable to another. Next time an event of this nature comes to campus, I would encourage the organizers to consider opening up tickets to the entire student body, perhaps by raffle. This will create equal opportunities for students of all disciplines to hear the speakers, and will also improve access for younger students who cannot yet have been admitted to EP&E or Global Affairs. This course of action will also allow for an academically diverse audience at the event, allowing for more interesting conversation on the topic. Yale should convey to its students that every field of study adds value to the College; setting aside privileges for specific segments of the population by major does not help accomplish that goal. DIANA ROSEN is a junior in Pierson College. Her columns run on Tuesdays. Contact her at diana.rosen@yale.edu.

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Looking past divestment

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ecently, the University announced that it would not divest from fossil fuel companies and the decision sparked lively campus debates. Many students expressed immense disappointment in Yale’s decision. I, however, take the path less traveled and support the University’s decision. I consider myself an environmental activist. I come from a small farming town where agriculture is an important source of revenue. Our one tourist attraction is the town lake, which is also critical to the town’s economic wellbeing. I spent most of my high school career working with the town to establish a permanent lake advisory committee. The committee plays an active role in town politics and works to implement best management practice to preserve the lake for future generations. But there is a fine line between being an activist and an alarmist. An activist recognizes that a problem exists and analyzes the steps

needed to correct it. Alarmists, on the other hand, exacerbate problems by creating panic and confusion. Yale is home to many activist groups that work to draw attention to their causes. Since the University announced its decision not to divest, many of these groups have veered from activism toward alarmist declarations. “We don’t think we need to follow somebody else’s rules anymore,” one Fossil Free Yale leader recently told the News. But I doubt that radical tactics will win FFY any friends among the administrators who have the ability to make change. The outcry generated by FFY and other student activists seems to be based on a belief that divestment is a necessary step to protect our planet. But this is not the case. Divestment is not necessarily the best solution — what is needed instead is research and development to grow and nurture industries that promise to reduce our dependence on oil, coal and natu-

ral gas, namely renewable energy and green transportation. Divestment from fossil fuel companies will not place these companies in financial distress as long as the world remains dependent on their products. What will harm these companies is the birth and growth of rival industries. The University can help this happen by committing funds to continue research and development of green technologies. Of course, there is the argument that Yale’s divestment might be powerful as a symbolic act. But with the endowment showing substantial growth, now is not the time to make changes to our investment strategy. David Swensen has done a remarkable job guiding the endowment during his career. We must trust him, and the rest of the investment office, to chart the path they think best. The investment office recently released a letter asking Yale’s external investment managers to consider the impact of climate

change on future investment decisions. While the University chose not to divest, it has taken the first step in moving toward a sustainably invested endowment. At the least, this certainly shows that the University is not ignoring its responsibility as an environmental stewardess. Divestment would be an irresponsible action for a large institutional investor like Yale — any such sweeping policy change is bound to have unforeseen effects. Instead, the best way to prepare the endowment for the future is by slowly reducing its ties to fossil fuels while investing in green industries. If the University does this, while maintaining its commitment to research and development on sustainable initiatives, Yale will be a global leader in the green economy. Even while holding on to black gold, Yale can be green. JORDAN SABIN is a junior in Davenport College. Contact him at jordan.sabin@yale.edu.

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 3

NEWS

“There is no sincerer love than the love of food.” GEORGE BERNARD SHAW IRISH PLAYWRIGHT

Harp enlists Yalies to keep Connecticut blue BY ISAAC STANLEY-BECKER STAFF REPORTER Mayor Toni Harp dropped by a Monday meeting of the Yale College Democrats to ask students to do her a favor: Vote for Governor Dannel Malloy on Nov. 4. Less than two months before Malloy, the Democratic incumbent, squares off against Republican challenger Tom Foley, Harp said New Haven’s future depends on keeping a Democrat in the governor’s office. She asked that students be part of that effort, registering to vote so they have the chance to influence statewide politics.

The city of New Haven isn’t going anywhere. TONI HARP Mayor, New Haven “We need you to help us win,” Harp told the group, which was seated in a circle in the Branford Common Room. “Many of the policies that we’ve been able to pass are likely to be rolled back if we don’t have a Democratic governor.” She said Foley, a Greenwich businessman and former U.S. ambassador to Ireland, will cut resources provided to the state’s municipalities. More than half of New Haven’s budget currently comes from the state, Harp said, both in the form of education payments under Education Cost Sharing and reimbursements for nontaxable land under the Pay-

ment in Lieu of Taxes program. Both depend on the goodwill of the governor’s office, Harp said. She called the voluntary payments Yale makes to the city in recognition of the extent of its nontaxable land a “drop in the bucket” compared to what the University would pay in property taxes. A partnership with Malloy has been critical for projects she has advanced during her first nine months in office, Harp said, including the redevelopment of the Dixwell “Q” House, a longshuttered community center on Dixwell Avenue. Malloy helped secure $1 million for initial planning for what will ultimately be a $14-million project. “It can only happen with Malloy,” she said. Malloy himself visited the Dems last week, delivering a similar pitch. Harp, who graduated from the Yale School of Architecture in 1978, has made few politically oriented stops at Yale. On Election Day last fall, when Harp bested former alder Justin Elicker FES ’10 SOM ’10, the Yale-dominated Ward 1 was one of the few districts she skipped on her tour of the city. Elicker won nearly three times as many votes as Harp in Ward 1. Becca Ellison ’15, president of the Dems, said the meeting provided an opportunity to familiarize students with the leader of their city, and vice versa. “It’s important that students get involved in New Haven regardless of who you voted for last year,” she said following the meeting. In response to a question

SARA MILLER/PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

Mayor Toni Harp implored Yale students to be active in the upcoming elections at a meeting of the Yale College Democrats. from Ellison about the relationship between Yale and New Haven, Harp told the crowd both the University and the city are stronger when they are working together, and not at odds. “The city of New Haven isn’t going anywhere,” Harp said bluntly. “For many years the relationship was acrimonious, and I don’t think that really got us any-

where. We aren’t always going to see eye-to-eye, but we certainly have common interests.” Town and gown both have an interest in marketing New Haven as a place to live and visit, she added: “We both want people to come to our restaurants and buy things in our stores.” She also saluted students’ efforts to engage with the city,

Spoon to serve food news BY LARRY MILSTEIN STAFF REPORTER This fall, a new on-campus publication covering food-related content hopes to launch on the Yale campus. Spoon University, a national online publication currently found on over 30 campuses, intends to open a new branch of the site at Yale and is currently accepting applications for a variety of positions, ranging from editorial roles to marketing jobs. The publication aims to include everything from recipes and restaurant reviews to dining hall “hacks.” Still, the exact impact it will have on campus food culture, as well as its relationship with existing food publications, has yet to be determined. “People read [restaurant review blog] Chew Haven, people are obsessed with food photos on Instagram and people are sharing posts about food,” said Sarah Strong ’16, co-founder of the Yale chapter of Spoon University. “We will be making this [dialogue] more tailored to Yale.” Spoon University’s model is similar to that of other college-oriented publications already launched at Yale such as HerCampus which operate on a national level while receiving content from teams of student contributors across different college campuses. Spoon is present in roughly 30 schools, with an intended 15 additional branches launching in the next few weeks, according to co-founder Mackenzie Barth. Barth said she started Spoon University at her alma mater, Northwestern University, two years ago as a print publication with the intent to publish food-related news for the area. However, as she and her fellow co-founder continued to receive emails from students at other schools about replicating the model, they decided to expand. “It became apparent that this was a need that was bigger than Northwestern,” Barth said. “Many schools didn’t have the technical background or editorial experience, so we wanted to standardize that process.” However, unlike other campus publications, Spoon University is a for-profit enterprise. It operates on a business model in which brands interested in reaching the college demographic can connect with Spoon University contributors to publish posts. Still, Barth said that Spoon differentiates itself since oncampus branches are encouraged to build “food communities” through such events as potlucks and food discussions, in addition to maintaining publication responsibilities. After seeing a post from a friend at University of Pennsylvania on Facebook, Strong said she contacted the national division of Spoon University last spring with the hopes of bringing it to Yale. She also solicited interest

particularly through service. College students are closer in age to at-risk youth, she said, making them ideal mentors. Chris Rice ’18 was all smiles after the meeting, giddy at the prospect of volunteering in the city or interning in the mayor’s office. In Houston, his hometown, he worked on the campaign of a city council member and then

Spoon University, which is still accepting applications for this year, is a food publication with branches at many colleges across the country. on campus via mass email and social media posting, she added. “The people who have reached out [with interest] range from those already involved in Yale’s Pop-up restaurants or The Yale Epicurean, as well as some students I didn’t expect,” Strong said, adding that 20 to 30 students have already expressed serious interest. The Undergraduate Organizations Committee (UOC) approved Spoon University for Yale Undergraduates this fall, Strong said, adding that her goal is to get the first official post published by fall break. Before Spoon officially launches on campus however, interested students must send applications to the Spoon headquarters, where the national team will assign such roles as co-president, editor and marketer. Barth noted that her team — after 30 to 40 accepted applications from different campuses — is qualified to identify the necessary qualities for Spoon management boards across the country. The final steps for students include going through an online orientation training program, which cover style guides and tone, and ultimately holding the first meeting to discuss story ideas, she added. Feedback from existing food publi-

cations, most notably the Yale Epicurean, was positive. Editor-in-Chief of the Yale Epicurean Earl Lee ’15 said the group is in the process of pivoting away from publishing content to becoming more of a food interest group. He said the last time the Epicurean published a print edition was in the spring of 2013, and after converting to online only more than a year ago, the group will officially stop publishing. “[Spoon] is more of a light-hearted publication and one that will put out recipes, reviews — not like the academic papers we are trying to go for,” he said. “It is probably better to consolidate and since Spoon has the backing of a larger organization, it is probably more sustainable.” The Epicurean will continue to host events such as a tastings, pasta making classes and field trips to New York. He hopes that as The Epicurean stops publishing content, the two organizations will have somewhat distinct roles, yet maintain a “good, symbiotic relationship.” The deadline to apply for a role with the Yale branch of Spoon is this Wednesday. Contact LARRY MILSTEIN at larry.milstein@yale.edu .

Contact ISAAC STANLEYBECKER at isaac.stanley-becker@yale.edu .

New Haven revamps emergency alert system BY ISABEL BENARES STAFF REPORTER

SARA MILLER/PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

interned in City Hall after his candidate won, he said. “City politics is my thing,” he said. Harp was a longtime state senator before she became mayor Jan. 1.

The New Haven Emergency Alert system, which has been in place since 2008, will undergo serious upgrades later this month — allowing city officials to reach citizens more efficiently than ever before. Currently, critical information regarding potential hazards to the community, such as dangerous weather, road closure or power outages, is relayed to citizens through text messages, emails and phone calls. The new system, set to go online later this month, will allow for more customization, according to Rick Fontana, deputy director of operations at the city’s Emergency Operations Center. Residents who sign up will have a say in what types of alerts they receive and how they receive them, and city officials will be able to send tailored information out to specific groups of people or areas in the city. “It’s important to keep residents informed — particularly under emergency circumstances — and we also want to give residents a choice about the type of information they receive and when they receive it,” New Haven Mayor Toni Harp said in a statement. “So this improved New Haven Alert System provides the suitable upgrade with all those options.” The revamp comes partially in response to Connecticut’s recent history with bad weather. “We’ve had more snow emergencies over the past three years than in a long time,” Fontana said. The city’s need to keep residents updated with post-storm progress during these events underscored the necessity for an emergency contact system, according to Laurence Grotheer, director of communications at the Mayor’s Office. Now, the system allows for smaller snowstorms, school closures and other more routine occurrences. About 29,000 people receive warnings from the city’s existing emergency alert system. Text messages and emails go out instantaneously, and while infrastructure makes it impossible to reach

everyone at once by phone, the system does allow everyone to be notified in under an hour, Fontana said. Seven thousand of the 29,000 have signed up for the alert service, while the other 22,000 have been preregistered using data from New Haven’s white pages. While this represents roughly 25 percent of the city’s total population, in actuality the coverage is probably much larger. Fontana reasons that because it only takes one person to be alerted per family or residence, the number of people being notified is probably closer to about 100,000 — a large portion of the city’s 130,000 inhabitants. Fontana said he hopes these numbers will continue to grow after the new system is put in place.

We’ve had more snow emergencies over the past three years than in a long time. RICK FONTANA Deputy director of operations, Emergency Operations Center As the available sources for information continue to multiply, the city has been forced to engineer new ways to distribute important information to residents, Grotheer said. Everbridge, the company behind the alert system and its upgrade, said in a statement that New Haven will now be able to “specify targeted contact locations, like Yale University, for instance, to distribute messages to specific geographic regions.” This is possible through the city’s upgrade “including GIS integration to enable map-based message targeting,” according to the Everbridge statement. These new mapping services will allow city officials to notify particular neighborhoods, streets and groups of individuals of alerts pertaining specifically to them. The alert system will become available to New Haven residents on Sept. 22.

OPINION. Send submissions to opinion@yaledailynews.com

Contact ISABEL BENARES at isabel.benares@yale.edu .

YOUR THOUGHTS. YOUR VOICE. YOUR PAGE.

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YALE DAILY NEWS Âˇ TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 Âˇ yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

â€œAmerica and Islam are not exclusive and need not be in competition.â€? BARACK OBAMA PRESIDENT, UNITED STATES

Hirsi Ali speaks at Buckley event

ANDRE MANUEL/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Hirsi Ali spoke strongly against the indoctrination of children into radical Islam and also made some comments directed specifically at Yale students in the MSA. ALI FROM PAGE 1 During her speech, Hirsi Ali reiterated her views on the religion in which she was raised, focusing on her childhood and adolescence in a Muslim community in Somalia. She said she believes her experiences are relevant to the current state of Islam, which she described as violent, intolerant and in need of reform. Growing up, Hirsi Ali said religious teachers taught her the duties of being a Muslim, such as worshipping Allah, telling the truth, looking after those in need and being obedient and modest. She said in her community, those who neglected their religious duties were never ostracized or attacked, but rather were â€œleft aloneâ€? or â€œnudged gentlyâ€? at most. When she was 15, Hirsi Ali said she encountered a different kind

of religious teacher â€” whom she referred to as a â€œPreacher Teacherâ€? â€” who encouraged youths to enforce the religious duty of Islam and wage jihad against those who did not obey. Witnessing this process of â€œindoctrination,â€? she said, makes her statements relevant to Islam today. Hirsi Ali added that this â€œindoctrinationâ€? is at the source of radical Islam and leads to intolerance and violence. Therefore, she said, in order to fight the symptoms of radical Islam, the â€œcore creedâ€? of Islam â€” the Qurâ€™an and hadith â€” must be reformed. Hirsi Ali called on Muslims to listen to their consciences and stand up to Allah, rather than bending to his will. Hirsi Ali repeated many times that the western world acts with â€œrestraintâ€? when dealing with conflicts of Islamic terrorism and radical groups.

â€œThe clash is there, but what we follow up with is restraint. And restraint is what weâ€™ve been showing for the last 30 years,â€? Hirsi Ali said to the audience. Although she said she did not blame U.S. President Barack Obama for his reservations in handling situations such as the current rise of ISIS, she also spoke in favor of perceiving her former religion as â€œone Islamâ€? whose core creed involves complete submission to Allah, the Islamic god that she previously deemed â€œfirebreathing.â€? The MSAâ€™s campus-wide letter last week announced the groupâ€™s worries over Hirsi Aliâ€™s talk and brought attention to her history of anti-Islamic statements. Hirsi Ali directly addressed the MSA during her speech, asking why the organization took the time and resources to â€œsilence

the reformers and dissidents of Islam,â€? including herself, rather than fighting against the violence, intolerance and indoctrination Hirsi Ali associates with Islam. â€œMSA students of Yale, you live at a time when Muslims are at a crossroads,â€? she said. â€œThe Muslim world is on fire and those fanning the fire are using more creed. With every atrocity [they underscore] your commitment to Allah â€Ś Will you submit passively or actively, or will you finally stand up to Allah?â€? Hirsi Ali also responded to the MSAâ€™s critique of her lack of academic credentials by saying that even scholars with substantial credentials who have criticized Islam have been â€œbullied into silence.â€? Rich Lizardo â€™15, president of the Buckley Program, said the lecture could not have gone bet-

ter, calling Hirsi Ali â€œinsightful, eloquent and elegant.â€? He said he had been initially baffled by the attention given to the event, both inside and outside of campus, but he ultimately believes that it succeeded in diversifying intellectual thought at Yale. The MSA declined to comment, pointing instead to previous statements made in the email to students, which articulated concern and disappointment over Hirsi Aliâ€™s invitation, but ultimately conveyed hope that the discussion would be constructive and respectful. Still, individual Muslim students interviewed expressed a variety of reactions to Hirsi Aliâ€™s talk, but declined to attribute their names out of fear of retribution. Some said Hirsi Aliâ€™s presence made them feel uncomfortable being on campus, and others

felt that Hirsi Aliâ€™s talk invalidated their experiences as Muslims. Other audience members interviewed were impressed with Hirsi Ali and the contents of her lecture. Judith Liebmann GRD â€™69 praised Hirsi Ali for her bravery in speaking about these issues, as well as her past traumatic experiences. â€œShe is an amazingly gentle person â€Ś with a courageousness thatâ€™s incomprehensible to me,â€? Liebmann said, adding that she had been disturbed by the fact that students voiced opposition to Hirsi Aliâ€™s talk. Hirsi Ali is a fellow at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard. Contact NICOLE NG at nicole.ng@yale.edu and WESLEY YIIN at wesley.yiin@yale.edu .

After 6 years, website to get a new look OPAC FROM PAGE 1 its website is the standardization of the technology platform that supports the Yale site, and no concrete changes are currently planned for the siteâ€™s content. Stauderman said that the content changes will be determined after formal user experience research is completed. The redesign of the site will also not extend to the sites of individual schools or departments within the University. Despite the excitement in OPACâ€™s Whitney Avenue offices for the project, students closer

to campus expressed little enthusiasm for a new Yale website. Edward Baek â€™16 said the new site will not particularly affect him since he rarely uses Yaleâ€™s general website. Other students suggested that Yaleâ€™s online presence is most felt through social media. J.D. Sagastume â€™15 said he thinks Yale puts substantial emphasis on social media, which he described as â€œgood and progressive.â€? Some students suggested that a website redesign is not necessary because the current website

functions well. Adam Jenkinson â€™18, for instance, called the layout of the current site â€œprofessional and straightforward,â€? adding that it has all the information he needs. â€œI think improvements are always good, but thereâ€™s no need to fix what isnâ€™t broken,â€? he said. While enthusiasm for the new project seems at best tepid on campus, some students suggested that prospective Yale students might benefit from a revamped website. Ricky Li â€™16 recalled that the information on the site was extremely helpful in his college search process.

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But Li criticized the accessibility of the website, recalling that a lot of the information he needed was not on the front page. He had to go through several sites to find what he was looking for, he said. â€œI thought the website was too distant,â€? he said. â€œIt was very classy, but it was not close to my life and not accessible.â€? Several students said the main Yale home page is not the only part of Yaleâ€™s online presence that could use a facelift. The Online Course Selection (OCS) interface, Sagastume said, is one such system that ought to be

updated. Others suggested that most of Yaleâ€™s technology, while old and occasionally clunky, does the job required of it.

ADAM JENKINSON â€™18

Baek. According to Stauderman, the University plans to hire a firm in the near future to help rebuild its home page and its related sites. OPAC has already started soliciting the opinions of students and others on their thoughts for the siteâ€™s new look. A button on the Yale home page currently allows users to provide input through a survey form.

â€œSome people complain about OCS, but I think that as long as you can register for classes and everything works, itâ€™s fine,â€? said

Contact MATTHEW LLOYDTHOMAS at matthew.lloyd-thomas@yale.edu and VICTOR WANG at v.wang@yale.edu .

Thereâ€™s no need to fix what isnâ€™t broken.

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 5

NEWS

“I have a very strict gun control policy: if there’s a gun around, I want to be in control of it.” CLINT EASTWOOD AMERICAN ACTOR

Candidates swap transit solutions

Gun bill a pivot point in gubernatorial race BY ABIGAIL BESSLER STAFF REPORTER

WILLIAM FREEDBERG/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Transportation policy took the center stage at a forum with Gov. Dannel Malloy and Republican candidate Tom Foley. BY ISABELLE TAFT STAFF REPORTER Transportation, an issue that has often been overshadowed by others such as the economy and education in the gubernatorial campaign, got its moment in the sun Monday morning when Gov. Dannel Malloy and Republican challenger Tom Foley fielded questions on everything from train station parking lots to congestion on I-95. The forum, hosted by the state transportation and environmental groups at the Best Western Plus in North Haven, gave each candidate the chance to speak for 15 minutes on their agenda for Connecticut’s roads, buses and trains, plus 15 minutes to answer questions from audience members. Though they traded accusations of ineptitude, Foley and Malloy agreed on one thing: Connecticut desperately needs transportation improvements. “We have got to be able to move goods and people more expeditiously through our state,” Malloy said. “Highways are not supposed to be parking lots.” Foley gave the first speech

of the event, claiming that his experience in the business world would help him determine where to invest transportation dollars for the greatest benefit. He said his top priority as governor would be to reduce taxes and flat-line spending. After getting the budget under control, he said, he would find money for transportation projects. He criticized Malloy for eliminating the state’s Transportation Strategy Board, a group of business leaders, commissioners of state agencies and legislative appointees, back in 2011. The group had crafted transportation improvements since 2001, but under Malloy, responsibility for planning was shifted back to the Department of Transportation. Foley said his transportation policies would recognize the reality that many people rely on their cars. He said that any policy attempting to push people out of their cars and onto mass transit is not going to work. To address congestion on I-95, he said he would defer to the expertise of advisers. “I’m not a traffic expert, but I am an expert on what it feels

like to be stuck in traffic,” Foley said. “There are probably people in this crowd who know a lot more than what I know. We’ll find a right answer and the way to get it resolved. “ Malloy delivered a strong defense of his record on transportation, declaring that he “could not be more committed” to the issue. Addressing concerns about safety shortcomings and frequent delays on the MetroNorth line, Malloy said he wants to make the commuter train run more like a subway, with fast and regular service. Norman Garrick, an associate professor of transportation engineering at the University of Connecticut School of Engineering, said the major problem facing the Metro-North line is insufficient funding for maintenance. Though Malloy has spent more on transportation than his two predecessors, Republicans John Rowland and Jodie Rell, Garrick believes Malloy lacks an overarching strategic vision. “If I would give him a grade I would give him a C-minus,” Garrick said. Garrick said Foley’s position

that the state should not aim to dissuade people from driving is “backwards.” Don Shubert, the president of the Connecticut Construction Industries Association and the emcee of the forum, said that he was pleased with both candidates’ performances in an interview after the event. “Both candidates gave an indication that transportation is something that they just can’t ignore, that they’re going to have to deal with if they are the governor for the next term,” Shubert said. Despite the importance of transportation to the state’s overall economic performance, most voters do not consider it a top issue, according to Doug Schwartz, director of the Quinnipiac University Poll. Responding to an openended question in March 2011, less than one percent of voters named transportation as the most important issue facing Connecticut, Schwartz said. Joe Visconti did not attend the debate because it was organized before he qualified to appear on the ballot. Contact ISABELLE TAFT at isabelle.taft@yale.edu .

While gun control has taken a backseat to economic issues in Connecticut’s gubernatorial race, gun control activists in the state say the race could have an impact on the national gun debate. Connecticut Gov. Dannel Malloy, who passed one of the most strict gun control bills in the country following the Sandy Hook shooting in 2012, faces Republican challenger Tom Foley in the election this November. Foley, who has indicated that he thinks Malloy’s law was “overreaching,” recently won the endorsement of the Connecticut Citizens Defense League, which advocates for repealing the law. And just last week, Malloy formally garnered the support of Connecticut Against Gun Violence, a group that supports his 2013 legislation and just formed an independent super PAC called CT Voters for Gun Safety that aims to support pro-gun control candidates. This weekend, the PAC sponsored a conference of 125 advocates from around the state. “Nationally the election is being watched very closely to see if the gun issue is a factor and what the results are,” said Ron Pinciaro, the executive director for Connecticut Against Gun Violence. “The perception we’d like to create is that smart gun laws work and you can vote for smart gun laws and win elections.” In a poll released by Quinnipiac University last May, 56 percent of respondents approved of the gun control legislation passed in 2013 while 38 percent opposed it. The legislation, which included bans on certain types of guns, universal background checks on gun purchases and limits to ammunition magazines, has maintained a fairly constant approval rating since its passage. In another Quinnipiac poll released earlier this month, the majority of Connecticut residents said Malloy would do a better job of handling gun policy than Foley, though by a margin of just 5 percentage points. In a debate with Malloy last month, Foley stated, “[The 2013 legislation] was so overreaching that it went way, way beyond in what I think would have been an appropriate response to Newtown.” Pinciaro said that he thought Foley was purposely vague on

guns but added that if Foley was elected governor and the assembly repealed the bill, Foley would sign it. Scott Wilson, the president of the Connecticut Citizens Defense League, said although he does not think Foley would actively try to repeal gun legislation, he would also not make gun legislation stricter. “[Foley] is not the gun governor, but I do think he will do his best to steer clear of future gun legislation that will harm gun owners in Connecticut,” Wilson said. “At this point, we’re merely asking Foley to respect our rights and not sign any more gun control legislation.” The Connecticut Citizens Defense League previously considered supporting tea partyfavorite Martha Dean for governor, according to Pinciaro, who wondered whether the rankand-file of the pro-gun rights group would feel strongly enough about Foley to have a large involvement in the race. But Wilson said Malloy was using gun issues as a distraction from economic issues, where the governor lags behind in polls. “Malloy would certainly love guns to be the centerpiece for this election, but that’s just a distraction for all his failed policies,” Wilson said. “He’s trying to get the most out of what happened to poor children in Sandy Hook to save his career as a politician.” Recently, Malloy has been touting his work on guns, with an ad focusing on the aftermath of Sandy Hook and his 2013 bill. Last week, he also announced a new proposal to remove guns in temporary restraining order cases. Currently, when someone files a domestic restraining order in Connecticut, the application asks whether the abuser has access to guns. But even if the judge grants a temporary restraining order, guns are not taken away until potentially two weeks later after a formal hearing results in a permanent order. According to Karen Jarmoc, head of the Connecticut Coalition Against Domestic Violence, Malloy’s proposal is a “credible policy measure” that will keep victims of domestic violence safer at what can be the “most dangerous time for them.” Nationwide, access to guns increases the chance of a domestic violence homicide by five times. Contact ABIGAIL BESSLER at abigail.bessler@yale.edu .

Report shows racial profiling in YPD, NHPD BY MAREK RAMILO AND HANNAH YANG STAFF REPORTER AND CONTRIBUTING REPORTER Traffic stop data, which is aggregated by police statewide, have been released to inform effective police protocol and investigate the incidence of racial profiling in Connecticut. The data, released in a Thursday report by a group associated with Central Connecticut State University, showed that though African-American citizens comprise 7.96 percent of Connecticut’s population, they were involved in 14.07 percent of the state’s traffic stops. And though 71.6 percent of traffic stops for white citizens led to some kind of recorded infraction or summons, that number was 70.3 percent for African-American citizens. The project was designed in compliance with Connecticut’s Alvin W. Penn Act to explore the relationship between law enforcement and minority populations in the state, the report stated. “In 2012 and 2013, the Connecticut General Assembly enhanced the Alvin W. Penn Act to address racial profiling concerns in Connecticut,” the report read. “Specifically, the legislature modified the reporting requirements of traffic stop information while simultaneously establishing the Racial Profiling Prohibition Advisory Board.” The report — published by the Institute for Municipal and Regional Policy from Central Connecticut State University — was the culmination of several months of data collection and analysis led by a board consisting of 28 state and local leaders, including New Haven Police Department Chief Dean Esserman, CCSU professor William Dyson, State Senator Gary HolderWinfield and Connecticut Undersec-

retary Mike Lawlor. Dyson, the board’s chair, and Lawlor could not be reached for comment on Monday. The report was the first of its kind in more than ten years, coming on the heels of a two-year process in which the board worked to secure $1.2 million in federal funding from the National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration to begin the necessary research. Starting Oct. 1, 2013, police forces from across Connecticut recorded information from the traffic stops that they made through May 31. “The electronic collection and submission of traffic stop information will allow policymakers and law enforcement administration and law enforcement administrators to respond to the communities they serve…[and] to enhance relationships between police agencies and their communities,” the report’s executive report said. If officers pull over African-American drivers at a disproportionate rate, but they are not convicted at equally high rates, the officers are likely using racial profiling tactics, according to Yale sociology professor Elijah Anderson. Numbers reported by the Yale and New Haven police departments fall in line with this trend. The NHPD searched 5.8 percent of the white drivers they stopped, while they searched 10.5 percent of black drivers. Despite of the higher investigation rate for black drivers, the report showed that illegal items were recovered from 29.8 percent of white drivers and only 23.7 percent of black drivers. The YPD faces an even higher disparity. Although the department searched 6.8 percent of white driv-

ers and 10.7 percent of black drivers, 52 percent of the white drivers were found to be carrying illegal items, while the same could be said of only 20.8 percent of black drivers. “There’s a kind of profiling that goes on, but they come up emptyhanded, which proves the point,” said Anderson,whose research specialties include urban ethnography and police-community relations. “When they pull over white drivers, they find more and a lot of the black profiling is for nothing.” He did concede that the differences may be due to a cultural trend where African-Americans are wary to carry illegal items because they feel that they are more susceptible to being pulled over. Given the centrality of the community policing model to Connecticut law enforcement and the increased attention towards police conduct, particularly with African-Americans, the report comes at a crucial time and could thus have significant implications, Anderson said. He added that a national history of racial profiling in law enforcement necessitates reports like this one to foster trust and help bridge the existing divide between police and targeted minority groups. “One of the issues is that a lot of people don’t believe in the police,” Anderson said. “They think that the police have abdicated their responsibilities to the community.” The Penn Act was first enacted in Connecticut in 1999. Contact MAREK RAMILO at marek.ramilo@yale.edu and HANNAH YANG at hannah.yang@yale.edu .

TRAFFIC STOP DATA FROM NHPD AND YPD NHPD 5.75% of white drivers stopped were searched 29.83% of searched white drivers were found with contraband 10.47% of black drivers stopped were searched 23.67% of searched black drivers were found with contraband

YPD 6.83% of white drivers stopped were searched 52% of searched white drivers were found with contraband 10.67% of black drivers stopped were searched 20% of searched white drivers were found with contraband

PAGE 6

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

“Either write something worth reading or do something worth writing.” BENJAMIN FRANKLIN AMERICAN POLYMATH

Zadie Smith delivers keynote address SMITH FROM PAGE 1 its own necessary rules, create its own taste.” Smith made an analogy between the development of writing and the rise of hip-hop and rap, noting that both initially rebelled against prevailing norms but now focus more on branding and conforming to market norms. She encouraged young writers not to find a “brand” but to be creative, even though working against the grain causes discomfort and friction. Smith used Orwell’s famous four reasons for writing — egoism, aesthetic enthusiasm, historical impulse and political purpose — to frame her own discussion. She acknowledged that writing stems from egoism, but suggested that egoism applies to all kinds of art. Smith also described writing as a way of seeing the world more clearly, though she cautioned against limiting oneself to one single perception of the world. “Seeing clearly is not seeing singularly,” Smith said. She added that writers should always be considering alternative realities, either by writing fiction or gathering information from a wide variety of sources. Smith addressed the role of creativity in pushing back against nostalgia and complacency. While innovators like Steve Jobs may create gadgets that blend seamlessly into the lives of consumers, she said, artists like Franz Kafka write novels that cause friction and contention in their audiences, which is the ultimate goal of writing. Stephanie Farber, a New Haven resi-

dent who was in the audience, said she enjoyed Smith’s ability to quote a variety of people ranging from Orwell to Kanye West to Virginia Woolf. Susan Katz, another New Haven resident in the audience, said Smith encouraged her to think about what it means to be a writer in this generation. Morse College Master Amy Hungerford, who was also present at the event, said she appreciated Smith’s insights about young writers and the identity of the contemporary writer.

Seeing clearly is not seeing singularly. ZADIE SMITH Author, White Teeth

Smith was born in northern London in 1975 to an English father and Jamaican mother. After studying English at Cambridge, she wrote four novels, including the highly praised “White Teeth” in 2000. She has also written a nonfiction book and a collection of essays, and currently teaches fiction at New York University. The Windham-Campbell Literary Prizes were established in 2013 by Donald Windham, a writer and supporter of the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. Each of the eight prizewinners this year received a grant of $150,000. Contact AMANDA MEI at amanda.mei@yale.edu .

ELIZABETH MILES/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Zadie Smith, author of multiple critically acclaimed novels, spoke about writing at the Windham-Campbell Literary Festival.

Eight writers receive prizes WCP FROM PAGE 1 ners — a diverse group of writers selected by jurors from within Yale and outside the University — and praised their various works and dedication to their craft. “Yale strives in all that we do to recognize and inspire and nurture excellence in every field,” Salovey said. “Each of you in your own ways embodies this ideal.”

Salovey proceeded to distribute the prizes to each recipient by genre: Pankaj Mishra and John Vaillant were honored for nonfiction; Nadeem Aslam, Jim Crace and Aminatta Forna for fiction; and Kia Corthron, Sam Holcroft and Noëlle Janaczewska for drama. Kelleher said the planning of the festival began in earnest after the prizewinners were announced in March. He added that the fes-

tival’s events are chosen in accordance with the honored authors’ literary works and intellectual interests. As an example, he cited a Tuesday-night screening of “The Lost Libraries of Timbuktu,” a BBC documentary narrated by prizewinner Forna, a Scottish-born Sierra Leone writer who focuses on war and civil violence. “In planning this festival, no matter who wins the prize, what

kind of writing they do, or where they’re from, there is someone here who can talk about their work or what they’re interested in,” Kelleher said. From Tuesday to Thursday, each of the prizewinners will engage in conversations with Yale faculty members about their writings and will also participate in Master’s Teas hosted by residential colleges. In addition, the play-

ANDRE MANUEL/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

The writers chosen for the prize, who came from a diversity of backgrounds and genres, were awarded $150,000 and honored at Yale.

wrights amongst the prizewinners will give public master classes, which will include staged readings of their works and discussion. The “highlight” of Tuesday night, according to Kelleher, is “Literary Speed Dating,” an event organized at Beinecke Library by Yale undergraduates during which attendees will be sorted into groups to have 10-minute conversations with each prizewinner as they move from table to table. There will be three panels on Wednesday — “Crafting Nonfiction Narratives,” “Art of the Novel” and “Writing the Environment” — featuring the prizewinners and faculty members. On Thursday, the Beinecke will showcase pictures of Haida Gwaii with prizewinner Vaillant, whose novel, “The Golden Spruce,” featured the setting of the British Columbia archipelago. Playwright and prizewinner Corthron will also discuss her work with Yale College Dean Jonathan Holloway GRD ’95 through the Endeavors Series. Each of the prizewinners will read from their work during the festival’s closing ceremony on Thursday. “Last year’s event was one of the best readings I’ve ever seen,” Kelleher said. For the first time, the festival will host an event in New York City on Friday evening, featuring Forna, Pulitzer-prize winning journalist Lorraine Adams and Caine Prize for African Writing winner E. C. Osondu in conversation. Students present at the Monday’s prize ceremony had largely

positive responses to the event. “What interested me as I was reading the program was the [opportunity to live] as a writer without any distractions, and the amount of prize money is pretty amazing,” Leigh Vila ’17 said. “Being a writer myself, I always try to find time to write and it’s so difficult, so it’s pretty cool and amazing this even exists,” she said.

No matter who wins the prize ... there is someone here who can talk about their work. MICHAEL KELLEHER Prize Program Director

Caroline Sydney ’16, a staff columnist for the News, said she was interested that time was used as a theme throughout the prize ceremony. She said while University administrators said the purpose of the prizes is to give these writers time to dedicate to their craft, the prizes also give Yale students the opportunity to spend time with these authors. The Windham-Campbell prizes totaled $1.35 million to nine writers last year. Contact PHOEBE KIMMELMAN at phoebe.kimmelman@yale.edu and AMANDA BUCKINGHAM at amanda.buckingham@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 7

AROUND THE IVIES T H E H A R VA R D C R I M S O N

Design School seeks $110M in campaign BY MATTHEW Q. CLARIDA, AMNA H. HASHMI, AND VIMAL S. KONDURI CRIMSON STAFF WRITERS The Graduate School of Design has raised more than $69 million thus far in its slice of Harvard’s $6.5 billion capital campaign, putting the school well on its way to meeting its goal of at least $110 million, John K. F. Irving ’83 said Saturday night. Irving, a co-chair of GSD’s fundraising efforts, was among the hundreds of alumni and affiliates who flocked to Cambridge for a two-day kick-off event, called “Grounded Visionaries,” to celebrate the launch of the public phase of the school’s campaign. “That is a big, think big, audacious kind of goal,” Irving said. “Courses in landscape architecture and architecture have been present on the Harvard campus for over 100 years. And the total endowment after this time is $400 million. So that means in the next four years we are going to raise 25 percent of what it took us 100 years to do.” GSD administrators have said that a top priority will be the student experience, achieved through enhancements in financial aid and funding for travel and conferences. “We find there is a growing demand for diversity of enrichment experiences.... More international travel for research, more community development work,

and more engagement in professional conf e r e n c e s ,” said alumni co-chair HARVARD Philip L. Harrison ’86, CEO of the well-known design firm Perkins+Will. Irving, who donated $10 million to GSD last December, added that the school aims to increase support for faculty, to expand and renovate the school’s facilities, and to create a new five-story research tower. Administrators are also considering reconfiguring the first-floor public spaces of Gund Hall. The building’s occupancy has grown from 300 occupants when it opened in 1972 to over 800 in 2014, according to Irving. Harvard President Drew Faust speaks in Sanders Theater on Friday evening alongside leading figures from the Graduate School of Design. Irving also noted that the school hopes to use the funds generated to maintain its global presence. “We are already global, but the costs to stay in the game are significant,” Irving said, noting that the school’s global impact is “something the school can never afford to give up.” A full weekend of programming included exhibitions, lectures, and speeches from Uni-

versity and school officials. A speaking program on Friday night featured remarks by the school’s dean, Mohsen Mostafavi, University President Drew G. Faust, and professor in practice of architecture and urban design Remment “Rem” L. Koolhaas. Faust used the occasion to highlight the school’s special place in her vision of “One Harvard.” She cited examples of inter-school initiatives, including a collaboration between students at GSD and the Graduate School of Education to imagine classrooms for the year 203o as well as a partnership between two GSD students and University Professor Paul E. Farmer’s Partners in Health to build a hospital in Rwanda. Saturday featured a number of panels featuring well-known architects such as Moshe Safdie and Jeanne Gang and exhibitions about the history and vision of GSD, urbanism, and the school’s research. The event concluded Saturday evening with a lecture by Fumihiko Maki, a prominent architect who won the 1993 Pritzker Architecture Prize, often considered “architecture’s Nobel.” Maki was introduced by fellow Pritzker laureate Thom Mayne and discussed his more than 50-year long career, including what the GSD was like when he was a student there in the late 1950s. Fumihiko Maki, designer of the MIT Multimedia Lab, speaks

Y. KIT WU/THE HARVARD CRIMSON

Phil Harrison, president and CEO of global design firm Perkins+Will, speaks in Sanders Theatre. about his experience designing buildings around the world on Saturday evening, during the launch of the Graduate School of Design’s capital campaign. Maki’s lecture was followed by an outline of the campaign’s goals, a short video about the school, a short speech by a fourth-year student who discussed her experiences at the school, and the

THE DARTMOUTH

The College dropped one spot to the 11th best university in the country, and three spots to fourth in undergraduate teaching in the U.S. News and World Report annual rankings released last week. This decline comes after Dartmouth held the top spot in undergraduate teaching for five years, an accomplishment Dartmouth has highlighted in the past. Dean of admissions and financial aid Maria Laskaris said she does not think the change in rankings will affect students’ decision to apply. She said the College is not driven by rankings but is always striving to improve, citing entrepreneurship, experiential learning, off-campus programs, internships and extracurricular activities as hallmarks of Dartmouth’s undergraduate experience. Dartmouth moved up to number seven in this year’s “Great Schools, Great Prices” ranking, based on methodology that compares academic quality with the price for students who receive an average level of need-based financial aid. Last year, the school placed eighth. “[The ranking] speaks to something this country is very focused on right now — value that a school is providing to its students,” College spokesperson Justin Anderson said, adding that Dartmouth is ranked fifth out of national universities in terms of least debt carried by graduates, up from number 12 last year. The College highlighted these improvements in its press release, noting changes in overall and undergraduate teaching rankings briefly. Rankings for best undergraduate teaching are based on a peer assessment by faculty and administrators, according to the U.S. News website. College presidents, provosts, admissions deans and other academics are asked to nominate schools that have

faculty with an “unusually strong commitment to undergraduate teaching.” U.S. News and World Report DARTMOUTH chief data strategist Bob Morse said the organization surveys about 750 people at national universities. He said the response rate for this question is below 50 percent. “It’s true that this system is not the most sophisticated because it is based on how many top 10 votes a school gets,” Morse said. “But it does provide some indication that at least there’s a widely held belief that the ones that made it care about undergraduate teaching.” Unlike other Ivy League schools such as Harvard University, Yale University and Columbia University, the College has far more undergraduate students than graduate or professional students, with about 4,200 undergraduates and 2,100 graduate students. Dartmouth identifies its strong commitment to undergraduate education throughout its website, press materials and admission process. Annie Huang ’18 said educational quality is mostly dependent on the people at an institution itself, since academic funding can only go so far. She said she is excited for Dartmouth’s undergraduate education because many of her peers seem “intellectually curious” and professors seem to truly care about their students. English professor Barbara Will said the College derives teaching excellence from the relationship between students and teachers, both of whom are passionate about scholarship. She added that many other institutions sacrifice teaching in lieu of scholarship. “To my mind, at its best, teaching is

On Saturday night, as guests mingled in Gund Hall, there was a tangible feeling of excitement. K. Michael Hays, associate dean for academic affairs and professor of architectural theory at GSD, said in an interview before the event that he hopes GSD’s campaign will enhance the school’s position within the network of Harvard graduate schools.

T H E D A I LY P R I N C E T O N I A N

Dartmouth falls in teaching rankings BY MICHAEL QIAN THE DARTMOUTH STAFF

announcement of the campaign target. Guests attended a party hosted in the courtyard behind Gund Hall afterward. “It was very important for us to have a weekend that is about ideas that matter and ideas that can really transform the built environment,” Mostafavi said in an interview after Saturday night’s lecture.

the most exciting work that a professor can do,” Will said. “But it has to be fed by research, otherwise it’s superficial. There has to be a balance between the two, and Dartmouth is one of the few elite liberal arts institutions to honestly strive for that balance.” Will also said the College should focus on quality education and not worry about small changes in rankings, as it is still one of the best schools in the nation. Students interviewed expressed varied opinions over the meaning and impact of rankings like those provided by U.S. News and World Report. While some did not care at all, others, particularly while applying for colleges, said they turned to rankings as a resource. Subur Khan ’17 said whenever she does not know anything about a school, she looks at U.S. News to get an idea of a school’s “relative academic standing.” Speaking specifically about Dartmouth, Khan said she was surprised that the College placed fifth in least debt carried by graduates due to its high tuition. Tuition, room, board and mandatory fees at the College reached $61,947 for 2014-15, among the highest in the Ivy League. As a recent applicant, Huang said rankings provide useful information about key data like selectivity, but she said small changes in rankings would not affect her perception. Strong publicity would probably be more influential in shaping opinions of Dartmouth, she said. Dana Wieland ’17 said the new undergraduate teaching rankings have caused her to question what Dartmouth lacks compared to the three schools ranked above it. Princeton University took first and the College of William and Mary and Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, tied for second. She said the change would not have affected her as a potential applicant, but said she would be concerned if the College’s ranking in this category continued to drop.

Sexual assault case recommendations approved BY ANNA WINDEMUTH STAFF WRITER University faculty members unanimously voted to approve a set of recommendations on the handling of sexual misconduct by the Faculty Advisory Committee on Policy this afternoon. The four major changes inaugurated through the vote are to allow equal rights of appeal to both the accuser and those found guilty, to remove student presence from the adjudication panel, to reduce the burden of proof for sexual assault cases from “clear and persuasive” to “preponderance of evidence” and to allow both complainants and respondents to appoint an adviser from outside the University community. These changes take into account legislation from the Clery Act, the Violence Against Women Act and Title IX, a law prohibiting sex-based discrimination in educational institutions that receive federal funds. The University is currently one of the 55 institutions under investigation for violating Title IX. Although a motion to postpone the vote and allow additional discussion time received some support from faculty members, who filled the ranks of Nassau Hall on Monday afternoon, Dean of the Faculty Deborah Prentice said that the University was under time pressure to comply with explicit legal demands made by the Office for Civil Rights over the summer. “We truly believe that these are very good, positive and compliant changes to our procedures,” she explained, saying they were very carefully thought out by the FACP. Prentice also said, however, that these changes do not necessary need to be the last word. Of these four major changes, altering the adjudication process so that no students are appointed to the disciplin-

ary panel is the only policy that is not yet mandatory, an FACP member said. However, the Department of Office PRINCETON Education for Civil Rights has strongly encouraged the change due to growing evidence that victims are less likely to come forward if they know that a fellow student will be on the disciplinary panel. Another complication of having students on the panel is that it may prevent cases from being handled over academic vacation periods. A faculty member pointed out that allowing both parties in a sexual assault case to adopt an external adviser beyond the University community may tilt the process in favor of those students with the financial means to hire expensive legal representation. In response, an FCUP member said that the demand was placed by the Violence Against Women Act to expand representative possibilities for both parties to persons of any kind, including lawyers. A faculty member noted that the given suggestions were devised both to handle legal compliance and to offer a more deliberative, reflective process through a committee on sexual misconduct appointed by University President Christopher Eisgruber ’83. This would allow community members to further consider the values of the University community and potentially allow for changes that would still comply with legal regulations. “We’re constrained to follow statutory law,” classics professor Andrew Ford said in response to the vote. “This is not the place to debate the wisdom of those policies.”

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NEWS

YALE DAILY NEWS 路 TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 路 yaledailynews.com

NEWS

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YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

SPORTS

“Tennis is just a game. Family is forever.” SERENA WILLIAMS PRO TENNIS PLAYER

Belling ’16 talks sailing

W. tennis starts strong in Philly WOMEN’S TENNIS FROM PAGE 14 overall play in the tournament. “It just felt good,” said Shklover. “It was a relief that we started off on a good page.” Besides Finke and Shklover, underclassmen Elizabeth Zordani ’18 and Sherry Li ’17 were productive in the consolation bracket after losing in the first round. They pulled out an 8–3 victory in the consolation semifinal match against a Penn State pair. In the finals, Zordani and Li overcame a pair of Princeton Tigers with an 8–5 win, making them the victors of the consolation draw. Bertrand said she credits the veteran pair of Madeleine Hamilton ’16 and senior captain Hanna Yu ’15 for setting an example for the younger team members. They started the weekend with an easy 8–0 win over a Penn State duo and continued with an 8–4 victory over two Terrapins from the University of Maryland. The duo later lost its quarterfinal match 5–8 to a Harvard pair.

Yale posted impressive results in the singles bracket as well. According to Bertrand, Caroline Lynch ’17 had a breakthrough weekend. In the Singles B bracket, she had to play an additional match just to secure a spot in the draw. In the first round, Lynch fought hard through three sets to beat Cassandre Thebault of the University of Maryland 7–6, 4–6, 10–8. She had another competitive three-set match in the quarterfinals, but fell to Anais Nussaume of Temple, 6–2, 2–6, 12–14. “Last year I struggled with confidence, but this weekend was really good for me,” said Lynch. “I felt like I found my game again and found confidence in myself.” Three Bulldogs — Yu, Hamilton and Ree Ree Li ’16 — will compete at the Intercollegiate Tennis Association All-American Championships in California at the end of this month. Contact KATIE SAIBIN at kaitlyn.last@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS

The Yale coed sailing team finished second at the 42nd Harry Anderson Trophy this weekend. SAILING FROM PAGE 14 It’s all about these little improvements, especially towards the beginning of the season. As people adjust to new partners and new venues, it’s important to stick to the basics and not get too get caught up with results. We are getting better every day, and I’m excited to see our training show in the results.

After such an amazing season last year, do you think there is added pressure to perform this season? Do you feel as if there is a target on Yale’s back?

A YALE DAILY NEWS

The women’s tennis team opened its fall campaign at the Cissie Leary Invitational.

I see last year’s success as motivation rather than pressure. After losing many talented seniors, it’s important to recognize that we’re a new team with different strengths and weaknesses. We have a very strong freshmen class, and I think everyone is excited to see what we can accomplish. Last year, we went into the fall and spring confident in what we knew but also eager to improve, and that

attitude kept us consistently ranked at the top. This type of approach is pretty unbeatable. are you expectations for this QWhat season and what regatta are you looking forward to the most?

I’m really excited to witness the depth of our team at various types of events. We will have both returners and newcomers sailing double-handed, single-handed and keel boat regattas. It’s amazing to see how our team adjusts to different types of racing and to watch certain people take on different roles. Someone like Marly Isler could potentially sail all three types of events, which is pretty amazing. I always enjoy the fall season because, while the regattas are very competitive, we still play around with pairings and have the freedom to experiment at practice and regattas. I think it’s an important time for everyone to work on tweaking certain things to prepare for our big events in the spring.

Scott ’16 ready to snap into action

I personally am excited for this weekend. I’ll be traveling to the Hatch Brown in Boston, where each NEISA school will bring three divisions of sailors to compete on the Charles River — known as one of the most difficult places to sail. It’s always a challenging regatta, but it will be exciting to have many of our team members sailing at one venue. have you thought of the team’s QWhat new members? How have they added

to the host of talent you guys have returned? A Our freshmen class is very talented, and each person has a different sailing background and set of skills. Already, it is clear that they can sail at a highly competitive level. We often have new members who are not familiar with college sailing boats or types of racing, but this year our freshmen were able to jump right into it. Contact FREDERICK FRANK at frederick.frank@yale.edu .

The path to Gridiron Glory FOOTBALL FROM PAGE 14 all-era teams are recognized in the Nov. 15 game against Princeton. The program’s two Heisman Trophies, more than the other seven teams in the Ivy League combined, will be displayed outside every home game.

AVOID LOSING STREAKS

Following last year’s 24–10 victory over then-FCS No. 24 Cal Poly, the Blue and White were riding high. They stood 3–0, having conquered NFL prospect Jeff Mathews and his Cornell Big Red as well as a ranked team across the country in successive games. But a road loss to Dartmouth quickly ended any hopes of an undefeated season, and losses to Fordham and Penn brought Yale down to 0.500. That losing streak erased all of the Bulldogs’ momentum and effectively wrecked all title hopes. In order to get fans to buy in, and in order to remain in contention for the Ivy crown, it is essential that Reno’s bunch avoids any long losing skid.

MARIA ZEPEDA/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Quarterback Logan Scott ’16 helped Yale beat Penn 27–13 in 2012. SCOTT FROM PAGE 14 yards for a touchdown with 19 seconds left. Scott started the next game at Princeton, throwing for 240 yards and three touchdowns to just one interception, before Furman returned from injury to play the team’s next and final game against Harvard. Several of Scott’s teammates said that they believe that Scott has great potential. “Out of all our quarterbacks, I think Scott has the most poise in

the pocket. He manages the game very well, which I think will help us win a lot of games this year,” tight end Stephen Buric ’16 said. Two other players declined to comment on the quarterback situation. Regardless of who is under center for the Elis, Scott said that he believes the team is more prepared and committed than ever. He added that this summer, more than 60 players came to New Haven for training and participated in multiple scrimmages against schools such as Central

The Black Knights represent perhaps the best opponent to grace the Yale Bowl in quite some time. FINISH STRONG

Connecticut State, the University of New Haven, Southern Connecticut State and Sacred Heart. “I think we have a lot more confidence in ourselves this year,” Scott said. “The team seems to be very tight-knit, and we have all put so much [into] our off season lifting and training … it will definitely show on the field this year.” Despite losing key players from last season, Scott said he believes returning players and talented freshmen will guarantee a strong season. Randall has shown great leadership as captain in the off-

season, and returning tailback Tyler Varga ’15, the secondranked prospect in the Canadian Football League Scouting Bureau’s September rankings for 2015 CFL draft, is healthy and ready to play this weekend. In addition, Scott said that the offensive line is the best he has seen in a couple of years. The team will play its first game against Lehigh University at home on Saturday, Sept. 20.

Last season, Yale raced to a 5–3 start before falling face-first in its last two games, losing 59–23 to Princeton and 34–7 to Harvard. A year earlier, in head coach Tony Reno’s first campaign at the helm, the Bulldogs suffered a 29–7 drubbing at home against Princeton before running out of gas and losing a fourth quarter lead to Harvard in the following week. The games against Princeton and Harvard are traditionally the highest-profile matchups of the entire season for Yale, with near-sellout crowds filling the Yale Bowl for whichever contest is in New Haven each year. The road to the Ivy title runs through Harvard and Princeton, last year’s co-champions, and the Elis must split, if not sweep, those games in order to win their first Ancient Eight championship since 2006.

Contact JULIA YAO at julia.yao@yale.edu .

Contact GRANT BRONSDON at grant.bronsdon@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

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BULLETIN BOARD

TODAY’S FORECAST

Scattered showers, mainly before 1pm. Cloudy, then gradually becoming mostly sunny, with a high near 72.

TOMORROW High of 72, low of 50.

DOONESBURY BY GARRY TRUDEAU

ON CAMPUS TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16 5:30 p.m. Octopus! The Most Mysterious Creature in the Sea. Join Katherine Harmoun Courage for a discussion about her book “OCTOPUS! The Most Mysterious Creature in the Sea.” Harmoun Courage dives into the mystifying underwater world of the octopus and invites you to experience the scientific discoveries and deep cultural ties that connect us to the octopus. Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (170 Whitney Ave.). 7:00 p.m. Windham-Campbell Prizes Literary Festival: Screening of “The Lost Libraries of Timbuktu.” Novelist Aminatta Forna tells the story of legendary Timbuktu and its long-hidden legacy of thousands of ancient manuscripts in this 50-minute BBC documentary. Forna will introduce the film, which will be followed by a conversation with filmmaker Charles Musser and historian Robert Harms. Whitney Humanities Center (53 Wall St.), Aud.

XKCD BY RANDALL MUNROE

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 17 12:30 p.m. Gallery Talk, Conservation at the Crossroads: New Techniques for Treating Roman and Byzantine Mosaics. The mosaics excavated at Gerasa by Yale University in the 1920s and 1930s are highlights of the gallery’s collection of ancient art, and innovative new conservation methods have made it possible to bring them out of storage and be displayed. Lisa Brody and Carol Snow explain the unique challenges of mosaic conservation and the exciting techniques that have been developed by the gallery’s conservation staff. Yale University Art Gallery (1111 Chapel St.).

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 18 6:30 p.m. CMES Cinema: Border Cafe (Cafe Transit). In a village near Iran’s border with Turkey, Reyhan, a young woman with two children, faces a difficult choice when her husband dies. She is continuously pressured to move into her brother-in-law’s home and become his second wife. But instead of agreeing to marry her brother-in-law, she argues that she would rather support her family by reopening her late husband’s truck stop cafe. Luce Hall (34 Hillhouse Ave.), Aud.

y SUBMIT YOUR EVENTS ONLINE yaledailynews.com/events/submit To reach us: E-mail editor@yaledailynews.com Advertisements 2-2424 (before 5 p.m.) 2-2400 (after 5 p.m.) Mailing address Yale Daily News P.O. Box 209007 New Haven, CT 06520

Questions or comments about the fairness or accuracy of stories should be directed to Editor in Chief Julia Zorthian at (203) 4322418. Bulletin Board is a free service provided to groups of the Yale community for events. Listings should be submitted online at yaledailynews.com/events/ submit. The Yale Daily News reserves the right to edit listings.

To visit us in person 202 York St. New Haven, Conn. (Opposite JE) FOR RELEASE SEPTEMBER 16, 2014

Los Angeles Times Daily Crossword Puzzle

CLASSIFIEDS

CROSSWORD Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Lewis ACROSS 1 Fraternal title for a fictional fox 5 Easily bamboozled sort 10 Former Mach 2 fliers, briefly 14 Top-rated 15 Hawaii hello 16 Butterlike spread 17 Steak cut 18 U.S.-Canada defense letters 19 With 54-Down, longtime Jeep competitor 20 Hockey player’s blade cover 22 __ Place: Butch and Sundance companion 23 Music rights gp. 24 Wonderland cake words 26 Bolivian capital 30 Ticked off 33 www help pages 36 Old vendor of cold blocks 39 French king 40 Sch. in Columbus 41 Regain, and hint to a hidden letter arrangement in 20and 59-Across and 11- and 35-Down 42 Sound system part 43 Xbox 360 competitor 44 Log-on requirement 45 Work on a keyboard 46 Mechanic on TV’s “Taxi” 48 Foil maker 50 Sinclair Lewis’ “__ Gantry” 53 Swampy areas 57 Senate gofer 59 Meticulous, as premium service 63 Swine’s supper 64 No longer squeaking 65 Fifty-fifty 66 Get a glimpse of 67 Do a bakery job 68 Socially awkward type 69 Bustle 70 “My apologies” 71 Prohibitionists

Want to place a classified ad? CALL (203) 432-2424 OR E-MAIL BUSINESS@ YALEDAILYNEWS.COM

9/16/14

By Gail Grabowski and Bruce Venzke

DOWN 1 Lightweight wood 2 Corner chessmen 3 Room-size computer unveiled in 1946 4 U-Haul vans, e.g. 5 Sign of hunger 6 Baseball family name 7 Afghanistan’s __ Bora 8 Divvy up 9 When tripled, “and so on” 10 Serious 11 Roofing color 12 No-frills shelter 13 Fountain drink 21 Org. concerned with greenhouse gases 25 Gas holder 27 Bakery array 28 French play part 29 Striped equine 31 One-sided win 32 “Holy cow!” 33 Pheasant or turkey 34 Sri Lanka setting 35 Rather nice 37 Letters in a box

Monday’s Puzzle Solved

SUDOKU EASY

5 8

38 Electrical adapter letters 41 Largest of the Mariana Islands 45 Final part 47 Compulsive thief, for short 49 Texter’s “Zounds!” 51 Furry “Star Wars” creatures 52 Thick-skinned beast

9/16/14

54 See 19-Across 55 All-inclusive adjective 56 Ships 57 Subtle “Over here!” 58 Kibbles ’n Bits alternative 60 Robert of “The Sopranos” 61 Fabric mishap 62 Whirling current

1 6 5 4 4 9 3 2 9 5 7 4 5 2 9 1 3 1 4 6 3 9 8 1 8 3 5 9 1

THURSDAY High of 70, low of 47

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YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Study links deforestation, climate change BY APARNA NATHAN STAFF REPORTER New research suggests that deforestation may play a significant role in the changing climate. Previous research has only accounted for carbon release and the cooling of the earth’s surface as primary factors contributing to fluctuations in the global climate. The study from the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, which appeared in the journal Nature Climate Change on Aug. 24, demonstrated that a new factor — deforestation — decreases the atmospheric levels of certain harmful chemicals, causing a slight cooling of the atmosphere. This decrease in temperature is comparable in magnitude to the temperature change due to the traditional factors, said Nadine Unger, study author and a professor of atmospheric chemistry at the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. “Climate impact assessments need to include these atmospheric chemistry effects,” Unger said. “Deforestation’s effects on climate are extremely complex.” Unger said the study grew out of her concern with the poor understanding of the interaction between forests and the chemical composition of the atmosphere. The factors considered in the models were often limited to carbon release and surface cooling. In the paper, Unger studied the release of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) into the atmosphere. BVOCs, which are found in high concentrations in forested area, undergo reactions in the atmosphere yielding compounds commonly involved in global warming or cooling, such as ozone and aerosols. “Carbon dioxide and surface [cooling] effects were commonly included in estimates,” Unger said. “But the [BVOC] signal was totally ignored.” To assess the impact of BVOCs,

LARRY MILLSTEIN/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Research about whether deforestation contributes to global warming or global cooling has generally been inconclusive, mainly because of the complexity of the issue. Unger built a model that considered atmospheric chemistry, and focused her analysis on changes in land cover between the 1850s and the 2000s, a period of time that saw many forests converted to cropland. The results showed that decreased BVOC emissions cause slight cooling of the atmosphere by approximately minus 0.11 watts per square meter. The size of this effect is comparable to the size of the effects of carbon release and surface cooling, which were positive 0.17 watts per square meter and minus 0.15 watts per square meter, respectively.

Past research has not led to a scientific consensus on whether deforestation leads to global warming or cooling. This new data indicates a possible trend toward overall cooling due to the combined effects of the three factors, Unger said. But just because a factor is linked with cooling the climate, it is not necessarily an effective tool to fight global warming, Unger said. “There is still too much uncertainty about what the total effect on temperature would be,” Unger said. “[Deforestation] certainly

has other effects.” Loretta Mickley, senior research fellow at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences not involved in the study, lauded the study for addressing the substantive effect of land cover on the global climate, an area that previous research has often ignored. Gunnar Myhre, senior research fellow at the Center for International Climate and Environmental Research in Oslo, who also was not involved in the research, praised the study for its use of atmospheric chemistry — a relatively novel technique for the field — and

for demonstrating that additional effects need to be considered in land management strategies. However, the models used in this study may need to be supported by further research, according to Mickley and Myhre. Variations in the effects of chemical factors, especially aerosols, may cause large differences between future climate models, Myhre said in an email. “Every model has shortcomings,” Mickley said. “I think more work can be done to validate the model.” For instance, Mickley suggested

the researchers could further confirm the model by comparing its estimates of present day climate factors with the observed figures. Unger plans on continuing her work by collecting more data in other climate models, specifically in tropical areas. She said she hopes to use this information to develop better-informed reforestation strategies. Approximately 18 million acres of forest are lost annually across the globe. Contact APARNA NATHAN at aparna.nathan@yale.edu.

In corporations, humans perceive mental states BY FINNEGAN SCHICK CONTRIBUTING REPORTER Corporations may not be people, but new cognitive science research suggests humans may think about both in a similar way. The team of researchers from Yale, MIT, Harvard and UC Berkley looked to understand how individuals assign mental states to large organizations. The study used verbal tasks and functional brain scans to conclude that people often grant human traits to corporations and organizations. The similar activation patterns of brain regions associated with understanding human mental states while reading statements about individuals and groups suggested people perceive agency in organizations, said Josh Knobe, Yale professor of cognitive science and study co-author. “The key question is how people think about these entities like corporations, teams, bands, churches and so forth,” Knobe said. Knobe said the research was based in the question of how individuals talk and think about groups in everyday conversation. He added that humans often speak of large entities as if they were individual actors, and he and the research team were interested in the cognitive processes behind this behavior. In the first experiment, researchers stood outside Yale dining halls and asked community members to consider a series of vignettes that dealt with a range of situations, some involving individual people and others involving larger groups, like corporations or organizations. The subjects tended to attribute human characteristics like desire, intention or ability to a group, even if the individual members of the group did not intend or desire the same things. The second stage of the experiment, conducted at MIT, measured the brain activity of participants while they read statements about group agents and statements about individuals. The fMRI scans showed identical patterns of activation in the medial prefrontal cortex and the temporo-parietal junction during both activities, a network of regions associated with thinking about the minds of others, said UC Berkley study co-author Adrianna Jenkins. Previously, most scientists thought that these brain regions were used for thinking about

human beings. Now, Knobe said, it appears these brain regions are instead used for thinking about agents — entities seen as having beliefs and goals, such as the Catholic Church or Google. Kurt Gray, a professor of psychology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill who was not involved in the research, said that the finding builds on a larger body of research about how humans perceive corporations. Just as Knobe, Jenkins and others discovered, individuals see corporations as having agency, but Gray added that people also believe they lack a capacity to experience human emotion. “When bad things happen to corporations, we don’t really feel that bad,” Gray said. The finding has implications for understanding how individuals view group agents and corporations from a legal perspective, Jenkins said, referencing the 2010 Citizens United Supreme Court case. Group agency also plays a role in matters of foreign policy, Knobe said, and the research suggests individuals may view the recent conflict with Russia in terms of the country’s motivations as opposed to those of President Vladimir Putin. The study established similarities in how people view humans and larger entities, and Knobe said future research will attempt to discover differences in these views. Gray said he too believes that further research in the field should investigate how people perceive different types of groups. He cited a recent study by Northwestern professor Tage Rai that suggests an organization believed to have human emotions but little agency, such as a sports team, generated a more sympathetic response than a company. A recently published study found differences in brain activation patterns between those shown statements about individuals and those shown statements about collections of individuals, Jenkins said. This research did not compare individuals to group agents, but rather to collections of individuals, and therefore was not inconsistent with the findings in Knobe’s research, Jenkins said. The study appeared in the journal PLOS on Aug. 20. Contact FINNEGAN SCHICK at christopher.schick@yale.edu .

KATHERINE WATSON/CONTRIBUTING ILLUSTRATOR

Study subjects exhibited a strong tendency to assign human attributes to groups or corporations, even when there was disagreement within the group.

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 13

“Anxiety’s like a rocking chair. It gives you something to do, but it doesn’t get you very far.” JODI PICOULT AUTHOR

Brain anatomy predicts risky behavior BY ERIN WANG CONTRIBUTING REPORTER New research out of the Yale School of Medicine is the first to show that the size of a particular region of the brain can predict patterns in risky decisionmaking. In a recent study which combined neuroanatomy with neuroeconomics, researchers working across three continents discovered that people with a larger volume in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) are willing to take more risks, especially monetary ones. If these results are validated for other populations, it may be possible to make

accurate estimations about the risk-taking distributions of people just from analyzing millions of existing brain scans, said Ifat Levy, study co-author and professor of comparative medicine and neurobiology at the Yale School of Medicine. “In the past, people thought that function was the best window into the person’s mind,” said study first author Sharon Gilaie-Dotan of the Institute of Cognitive Science at the University College London. “But lately, it has been shown that on top of functional studies, neuroanatomy has a growing role in explaining people’s perception and behavioral traits.”

Until now, researchers studied the neural basis of risk preference by scanning individuals while they performed a test or reported their own behavior. While many of these functional imaging studies have linked certain neuronal activity to individuals’ risky attitudes, the researchers wanted to test if brain structure could also be an indication of how a person would behave, Gilaie-Dotan said. A large amount of brain imaging data was collected from a functional study on risk-taking in 2010, but Levy, Gilaie-Dotan, and their colleagues recently decided to analyze the anatomi-

cal images. Before beginning this study, the researchers hypothesized that the lateral parietal cortex and medial prefrontal cortex were the areas most likely to predict these differences, since hundreds of functional MRI and electrophysiological studies have implicated those regions in decision-making and evaluation processes. In the 2010 study, subjects made a series of 180 choices between two monetary lotteries with varying degrees of risk while their brains were scanned. The reference lottery, which had a 50 percent chance of winning $5, was present in every round, while the other lottery varied in

risk and reward, but was always a higher risk than the reference lottery. All subjects were found to be risk-averse, but to varying degrees. With this data, Levy and colleagues correlated the volume of each point in the brain with the individual’s risk attitude and looked for areas that showed a significant correlation. They discovered that the volume of the right PPC was highly predictive of individual risk preferences. Subjects with larger gray matter volume in this area demonstrated less risk aversion. To confirm this finding, the researchers performed a similar study on a new group of sub-

KEN YANAGISAWA/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Risky economic behavior, such as entering a lottery with low odds of winning, seems to be predicted by the volume of a certain region of the brain.

jects. Instead of scanning while subjects made monetary decisions, the participants first completed the task and then received an anatomical scan. Levy said the team found the same pattern as before. Since the size of the PPC and an individual’s risk preferences are known to remain relatively stable over time, cortical volume could be a reliable biomarker in predicting a behavioral trait without requiring a person to undergo any behavioral tests at all, Gilaie-Dotan said. If the results of this study are validated, researchers and policymakers can extract PPC volume information from these scans and make estimations about the risk-taking behaviors of large populations from the millions of simple clinical scans that already exist. Researchers said they recognized several caveats to their study. First, it is not clear why certain individuals have larger brain regions than others, and both genetics and the environment may play an important role in determining cortical volume. The causal direction of neuroanatomy and risk behavior has not been established either: The results do not determine whether a larger PPC volume causes individuals to make more risky decisions, or whether a history of such decisions influences brain anatomy. Finally, all participants in this study were young university students from the northeastern United States, so further research needs to be conducted across populations to confirm that the findings are universal, Gilaie-Dotan said. The researchers plan to answer this question in the near future. Indeed, Levy has already discovered some differences in risk-taking attitudes across ages which show that people become more risk-averse and lose cortical volume in the PPC as they grow older. The finding appeared in the Journal of Neuroscience on Sept. 10. Contact ERIN WANG at erin.wang@yale.edu.

Research diagnoses med test anxiety BY KATHERINE XIU CONTRIBUTING REPORTER A new Yale study conducted on second-year medical students offers a possible course of treatment for test anxiety. This study focused on medical students preparing for Step 1, an assessment that has a major role in determining their residency program match. The findings suggest that the causes of test anxiety are primarily some forms of negative internal dialogue, while the effects are more widespread, manifesting themselves in emotional, physical and mental domains. The study suggests that selecting fewer stress management strategies rather than more can lead to a better outcome, said John Encandela, Yale professor of psychiatry and study co-author. “Feeling anxious is normal,” Encandela said. “It is learning how to deal with it that is important.” The original inspiration for the study comes from Nancy Angoff, associate dean for student affairs at the Yale School of Medicine, after counseling students who were nervous about Step 1. The study utilized the Westside Test Anxiety Scale, a 10-question quantitative measure of anxiety, in order to gauge the wide spectrum of test anxiety among students, said Michael Green, a professor of medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and study coauthor. The scale was administered to medical students before and after completing Step 1. Encandela said the study first explored the causes of test-induced anxiety, as optimal levels are crucial for successful test-taking. The findings suggest that the main cause of test anxiety is the “negative self talk” that many students engage in, both while studying and while taking the actual test. This negative self-talk describes behaviors that include allowing past performance to influence current preparation or comparing perceptions of one’s own skills and preparation to those of peers. The effects of this test anxiety were observed in three broad categories: emotional and mental wellbeing, physical well-being and cognitive functions. Students experiencing test anxiety often reported feeling as if they were on emotional rollercoasters, with stages of intimidation, uncertainty,

anxiety or irritability. Closely linked with this are the physical effects, including detrimental changes in eating and sleeping habits. While most respondents reported trouble sleeping during the study period and on the night before the test, the changes in eating habits varied more. Some reported significant decreases in diet, whereas others reported uncontrollable consumption of unhealthy foods. In the realm of cognition, students experienced decreased ability to concentrate and recall information during study periods as well as in testing scenarios. In response to these effects of text anxiety, students reported a range of coping strategies. Seeking help, eating well, managing a sleep schedule, exercising frequently and balancing responsibilities in one’s life were the most common methods that students utilized to reduce test anxiety and overall stress. Some students reported increased socializing, though others reported that the time commitment made them more anxious. In addition, a cohort of students said seeking help was beneficial, though advice to look at the “big picture” often increased anxiety, Encandela said. “However, it is ultimately up to the student to figure out for his- or herself the best way to deal with test anxiety.” Encandela said. The study’s next step is to compile a comprehensive guide for advisers and faculty in their efforts to help students deal with the test anxiety phenomenon. Possible continuations of the study include administering the Westside Test Anxiety Scale to undergraduates. Green added that since Yale’s medical school is uniquely noncompetitive, it is uncertain how the findings will translate to other student populations. Green is leading another study — already completed and currently under review at Educational Research International — that centers on a possible intervention-based course to help students deal with test anxiety, including approaches for test taking strategies and relaxation techniques. The Step 1 test features 322 multiplechoice questions. Contact KATHERINE XIU at katherine.xiu@yale.edu .

ANNELISA LEINBACH/ILLUSTRATIONS EDITOR

Anxiety caused by upcoming testing can often be the cause of a variety of adverse physical and psychological effects.

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MOLLIE ROGERS ’15 VOLLEYBALL Rogers, a San Diego, Calif. native, earned a spot on the Villanova Classic All-Tournament Team with her performance in Yale’s three matches at the tournament this weekend. The captain recorded 34 kills in the Bulldogs’ victory over the hosts on Saturday night.

RYAN LAVARNWAY ’09 BASEBALL The Yale alumnus took home a significant professional honor this Saturday in becoming the MVP of the Governors’ Cup, the championship of the TripleA International League. Lavarnway, a catcher, was a part of the 2013 World Series Champion Boston Red Sox.

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“One of the things we talk about is that high water raises all boats… and competition makes everyone better.” LOGAN SCOTT ’16 FOOTBALL YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

Sailing saved by the Belling ’16

Keys to the 2014 season

SAILING

BY GRANT BRONSDON STAFF REPORTER Ten games stand between the Yale football team and its 15th all-time Ivy title. In order to reach the Promised Land, the Bulldogs must follow the following four tenets:

FOOTBALL TAKE CARE OF BUSINESS

I think that this week we will be focusing on fine-tuning our boat handling and improving our communication within the boat.

If the Elis are going to live up to their expectations and contend for an Ivy League championship, they will need to avoid any upsets. With only seven conference games, each matchup is of tremendous importance. Last season, Yale recorded victories over Columbia, Brown and Cornell, and it is vital that the Bulldogs win those games again this season. Seven of the past 12 champions of the Ancient Eight have finished their conference slate unblemished, and with both Princeton and Harvard looking strong this season, Yale cannot afford to use its margin for error against lower-level teams. CELEBRATE YALE BOWL HISTORY The Sept. 27 game against Army figures to be one of the most hyped September home games in recent memory. As Yale’s first matchup against a Football Bowl Subdivision team since 1996, also against Army, the Black Knights represent perhaps the best opponent to grace the Yale Bowl in quite some time. This year is also the 100th anniversary of the Yale Bowl, and the Bulldogs will be celebrating the centennial all the way until the

SEE SAILING PAGE 10

SEE FOOTBALL PAGE 10

KAMARIA GREENFIELD/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Crew Charlotte Belling ’16 and the Yale coed sailing team will head to Boston next weekend. BY FREDERICK FRANK STAFF REPORTER In addition to helping the Yale coed sailing team win the InterCollegiate Sailing Association Team Race National Championship in June, crew Charlotte Belling ’16 has achieved personal recognition for her achievements as well. Belling was a first-team all-ICSA crew and a first-team all-New England Inter-Collegiate Saling Association crew selection. She sat down with the News to talk about the team’s

first weekend back on the water for the 2014–’15 campaign.

SAILING your takeaway from last QWhat’s weekend out on the water? Were

you happy with second place or are there still a few cobwebs to shake off the sails before you can whip out the spinnakers?

Last weekend’s results showed us that although we have a lot

For Yale, Scott ’16 a solid backup BY JULIA YAO CONTRIBUTING REPORTER Head coach Tony Reno recently announced that quarterback Morgan Roberts ’16 will replace Hank Furman ’14 as Yale’s starting signal caller, but added that the Bulldogs have a reliable backup in fellow quarterback Logan Scott ’16.

FOOTBALL Roberts and Scott battled for the top spot throughout the past offseason and during the preseason before Roberts was named QB1. Scott said that the quarterback battle had a positive effect on both field generals. “I think [Roberts] and I have made each other better,” Scott said. “One of the things we talk about is that high water raises all boats … and competition makes everyone better. We both had a

great offseason and preseason.” Twice before, Scott has stepped up to replace an injured Yale quarterback and has shown that he can run the offense should Yale’s starting quarterback be unable to play due to injury. He made his first collegiate appearance against Penn on Oct. 20, completing eight of his 11 pass attempts for 67 yards and a touchdown strike to help Yale to a 27–13 upset of the eventual 2012 Ivy League champion Quakers. Although a hand injury shortened his rookie season, Scott stepped up again in 2013 when Furman and Roberts were sidelined with injuries. He came on in relief of his injured teammates in last year’s game against Brown, which the Bulldogs won when 2014 captain and wide receiver Deon Randall ’15 scampered 32 SEE SCOTT PAGE 10

to work on, we’re able to successfully compete in a range of conditions. The Harry Anderson was a great opportunity to try some new pairings and ease into the season at a venue that we are comfortable with. The underclassmen showed particular promise this weekend. Freshman Chris Champa made his college debut sailing with Graham in A Division in very breezy conditions, while Mitchell Kiss and Clara Robertson finished consistently at the top of B Division. This past weekend was a learning expe-

rience for everyone, and it has definitely motivated us to improve certain aspects of our game. do you think the team will QWhat have to do better this weekend in

order to improve from your last outing?

Youth on display for W. tennis

YALE DAILY NEWS

The women’s tennis had strong performances from the class of 2018 this weekend. BY KATIE SAIBIN CONTRIBUTING REPORTER Yale women’s tennis opened its season on a strong note this past weekend at the Cissie Leary Invitational, with especially impressive performances from the newest members of the team.

WOMEN’S TENNIS

MARIA ZEPEDA/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Quarterback Logan Scott ’16 played in two games in 2013.

STAT OF THE DAY 5

The Bulldogs traveled to Philadelphia with four new freshmen, a new head coach and a new assistant coach to compete in the first tournament of their fall season. The class of 2018 contributed to many of the team’s victories this weekend, posting wins in both the doubles

and singles brackets. “It was a really great opportunity for players to get matches in, to see where we’re at, to see what we need to work on,” said head coach Taka Bertrand. “It’s only the first week after official practices, so we just want to throw players into match situations and see which doubles teams might work out.” Bertrand said she was especially pleased with the doubles combination of Carol Finke ’18 and Valerie Shklover ’18, which advanced to the semifinals in what was the first collegiate tournament for either player. In their debut match for the Elis, the team of Finke and Shklover swept over a team from Ivy League rival Princeton, winning 8–3. In the next

round, the duo defeated a Harvard pair 8–4. “It was a thrill to represent Yale on the courts,” Finke said. “In particular, beating the Princeton and Harvard teams was an incredibly exciting start to our doubles career.” The doubles pairing advanced to the semifinals to face another Harvard duo after a comfortable 8–1 win over a team representing the University of Richmond. Although Finke and Shklover were unable to clinch the win against this pair of Cantabs, Bertrand was happy to see the pair click on the court and was impressed with Finke and Shklover’s SEE WOMEN’S TENNIS PAGE 10

THE MEN’S GOLF TEAM’S MARGIN OF VICTORY, IN STROKES, AT THE DOC GIMMLER THIS WEEKEND. The Elis finished the tournament with a 17 under par 823, while Loyola-Maryland took second and Ivy rivals Harvard and Columbia tied for sixth.