UCL-apply for MA Architecture and Historic Urban Environments-Lin Xinyu

PORTFOLIO

Xinyu Lin Portfolio Apply for MA Architecture and Historic Urban Environments of The Bartlett School of Architecture Application number: 22120376 Emaillinxinyusc@outlook.com Tel:+86 133 4072 7559

CONTENT 01 SELF-SUSTAINING COMMUNITIES Chengdu, Sichuan, China Urban design for urban village

02 THREE LINKS Chengdu, Sichuan, China Urban design for old community

03 PREVENTION FOR CLIMATE CHANGE Fishermans bend, Victoria Harbour, Australia Urban master planning for sea level rise

04 SCAR Hashima island, Nagasaki, Japan Memorial landscape design

01

SELF-SUSTAINING COMMUNITIES Urban design framework for urban village

DISABLEMENT

Community For Landless Farmers&Community For City Residents

SITE: AREA: DATE: TYPE: INSTRUCTOR:

PRODUCTION

Chengdu,Sichuan,China 18HA

03/2021-08/2021, Autumn Term 2020-2021

Academic Individual Work Chunhua Chen(3171983950@qq.com)

INTRODUCTION: Due to the rapid urban expansion of Chengdu, the Neigoyan village was relocated to become an urban site in 1998, and 114 villagers were relocated into the temporary relocation community.

This area gradually evolved into an urban village with a dirty environment and a mix of people.

How to help the landless farmers, who are severely ageing and have low education levels, to resettle in the city is the question explored in this project.

After extensive site research, I noticed the strong nostalgia of the local residents for rural life, so I extracted the spatial structure of the traditional western Sichuan rural dwelling unit - the forest pan, and put in place the industrial operation model of the edible city to satisfy the daily food source of the residents while providing additional economic income .

LANDLESS FARMERS IN CHENGDU

LANDLESS FARMERS IN NIEGUOYAN COMMUNITY

HIGHLY URBANISED AREAS

FARMLAND LOSS

SITE ANALYSE

POOR HOUSING CONDITIONS

INFORMAL COMMERCIAL

DISCONNECTION mall

park

SITE Level of urbanization

mall

SITE

hign

snack vending deli hedge

vegetable vending vegetable

low vegetable vending 5000

500

4500

450

4000

400

3500

350

3000

1980

1985

1990

1995

total farmland area

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

300

53,000

hedge

Stalls

Farmers Lost Their Farmland

Urban village Abandoned factory

31%

Railway Viaduct

Main vending street Community roads

Green barrier

park

Reduction In Farmland Area SITE

farmland area per capita

PROBLEMS OF URBAN RESETTLEMENT FOR LANDLESS FARMERS LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE

LOW EDUCATION LEVEL

46%

35%

13%

6%

primary school

junior school

senior school

college

83%

move to urban area

CROWDED COMMUNITY

OLD HOUSES

LOW INCOME

COLD BUSINESS

VIADUCT BARRIER

RAILWAY

NARROW SPACING

DETACHED FAÇADE

DIRTY STREETS

UNEMPLOYMENT

INCONVENIENT CROSSING

CANNOT CROSS

POOR CITY APPEARANCE

EXPOSED PIPES

OCCUPY SIDEWALK

LOW ELASTICITY move to urban area move to rural area

AGEING POPULATION

46%

Middle-aged and elderly

Under 20 years old 21-40 years old 41-60 years old Over 60 years old

In 1998, the urban expansion of Chengdu accelerated and the construction of the city's Third Ring Road began, incorporating the surrounding countryside

LOW-INCOME

27%

40%

21%

12%

Unemployment

Hawkers

Shopkeeper

Workers

114

villagers were given urban residences and moved into the informal settlement of Negoiyan.

Agricultural Land to Urban Building Land

PROBLEMS Rural house demolished, we can't afford to resettle in the city

Rural people are not welleducatedandfindit in difculttondwork urban areas.

Rural neighbours are separated, making it hard to integrate into urban social life

Urban Relocation Community River Road Urban Ring Road

In 2008, the construction of the Neguoyan informal settlement was completed. Most of the In the Chinese New Year of 2020, Chengdu was hit by the covid-19 outbreak and the commuvillagersearntheirlivingbyrunningbusinessesintheshopsonthegroundfloor, nity or of Neigoyan bybuying was quarantined for 14 days. vegetables from stalls

62%

of residents have a retail business or operate a mobile stall in thegroundfloorshopsintherehousingcommunity

COVID-19

Due to the large population of the community and lack of community management, 40% of residents reported experiencing interruptions in food supplies during quarantine

LINPAN PROTOTYPE EVOLUTION

MASTER PLAN OF SELF-SUSTAINING COMMUNITY

PLAN GENERATION

N

APPLICATION TO SITE 0

5

6

EXTRACT LINPAN PROTOTYPE

CLASSIFY LANDUSE

· Comfortable housing · Self-sufficientfarmland · Transportation axis

BREAK BORDERS

· Internal residential land · External plantation land

· Viaduct boundary · Railway boundary

CREATE CONNECTION

STEP 2: ORGANISING OF COMMUNITY

· Affordable housing · Housing ground

· Transport corridors · Highline corridors

STEP 3: CREATION OF PUBLIC SPACES

1

2

2

3

· Transportation axis

· Self-sufficientfarmland

100m

3

DESIGN STRATEGY · Comfortable housing

50

SET HOUSING

4

STEP 1:FORMATION OF NEIGHBOURHOOD UNITS

25

13

1

10

12 5

2 7

3

9 8

13 11

13

Occupation Ratio

Occupation Ratio

Occupation Ratio

8 neighbourhood units 52% of the total land

8 farm plots 35% of the total land

2 highline corridor 1 community center 13% of the total land

1

7

1

8 2

2 1

ELEMENT 1 Housing

ELEMENT 2 Vegetable growing plot

ELEMENT 1 Street

ELEMENT 2 Fruit growing plot

ELEMENT 1 Networking platform

ELEMENT 2 Selling module

3

3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

house vegetable growing plot resident farmland trees resident road canal community center high line corridor 1F high line corridor 2F

10 ornamental growing module 11 vending module ELEMENT 3 Vertical growing plot

ELEMENT 4 Vegetable growing plot

ELEMENT 3 Farm growing plot

ELEMENT 4 Canal

ELEMENT 3 Community center

ELEMENT 4 Ornamental growing module

12 railway 13 external green space

FOOD AND INCOME SOURCES FOR LANDLESS FARMERS IN LINPAN COMMUNITY

HOUSING AND PLANTING SYSTEM HELP RESIDENTS BECOME SELF-SUSTAINING HOUSING TYPE Creating social spaces and shared yard

HOUSING TYPE WITH CROP PLANTING PLOTS

Creatingcomfortablelivingspaceswithself-sufficientplantingplots

DAILY STATUS

OUTBREAK ISOLATION STATUS Community C ommunity Supply

Neighbourhood N eighbourhood Plot Community C ommunity Plot

Traditional Linpan’s Housing

101T/PA

Current Urban Village’s Housing

fruit yield

Commercial C ommercial Plot

60T/PA

crop yield

800PA

80%

centralized control

vegetable yield

neighbourhood sharing

50000PA

fNeighbourhood interaction

Private Supply

fruit supply

increasing income

fruit cultivation

crop cultivation

number of families supplied

crop supply

300

4000PA

Neighbourhood N eighbourhood Supply

85%

Increasing employment

increasing income

increasing income

number of families supplied

30T/A

number of families supplied

vegetable cultivation

farming experience

100%

commercial service

vegetable cultivation vegetable supply

Shard yard Trafficspace Social space New Housing A

New Housing B

FARM PLANTING PLOTS AND VERTICAL PLANTING PLOTS SYSTEMS

VARIOUS PLANTING PLOT PLANT RATIOS CROPS

60%

Staple food supply

8 PLOTS FARM PLOT rice

oilseed rape

wheat

sugar cane

15%

FRUITS AND TREES

Fruit supply and maintaining the neighbourhood environment

120 PLOTS NEIGHBOURHOOD PLOT

Canals strawberry

VERTICAL PLANTING POOL SYSTEMS

gardenia

hellebore

heather

rhododendron

citrus

loquat

elm

ginkgo

camphor

Greenvegetablesupplyandtrafficking

potato

taro

4HA

Neighbourhood communal vegetable garden

25%

VEGETABLES

sweet potato

Community managed farms

18HA

cabbage chinese cabbage

lettuce

carrot

radish

tomato

cucumber

eggplant

870 PLOTS VERTICAL PLOT

1.7HA

Commercial module Private module

Tomato Growing System Cabbage Growing System

Rice

Oilseed rape

Glazing System

Structure&Floors

Growing System

Vertical Harvest

Transport System

Vertical Planting System

02

THREE LINKS Urban design for old community

Older Residential Area & Super High-rise Flat

LINK

OBSTACLE

LINK

SITE: AREA: DATE: TYPE: INSTRUCTOR:

Chengdu, Sichuan, China 42HA 09/2020-11/2020, Spring Term 2020-2021 Academic Individual Work Bo Zhou(zxt001@163.com)

LINK INTRODUCTION: Jinjiang District is the most central district in Chengdu, with a developed business and cultural facilities, but a large number of older neighbourhoods of different ages, lacking public space and connections to the busy urban space outside The focus of the project is to create connections between the isolated old neighbourhoods and the external urban space.

The design creates three different axes of activity for the old neighbourhoods, with different functions of cultural exhibition, commercial vending and community activities, connecting them to the two main external urban development axes.

FORGOTTEN OLD COMMUNITY IN JINJIANG DISTRICT, CHENGDU IN THE 19TH CENTURY: THE CORE OF CENTURY URBANISATION

DESIGN STRATEGY

ENCLOSED COMMUNITY WITH A BUSTLING SURROUNDING COMMERCIAL AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT

1.REGIONAL PROPOSAL CURRENT URBAN AXIS

DIAGRAM OF THREE LINKS CONNECTION TO AXIS

FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENTIATION

Mall community center 2

Plot Size: 45000m

living

Curret FAR: 3.5

Number Of Residents:700 Floor Area:28000m2

?

Mall

commercial

mall

Plot Size 5000m2

School

urbanised areas

culture

museum

Mall

Curret FAR: 2.6

Jinjiang District of chengdu Mall

IN THE 20TH CENTURY: THE FRINGES OF URBAN PLANNING

Number Of Residents:200 Floor Area:3500m2

Planned FAR:5

2.SITE STRATEGY LAND ASSESSMENT

ROAD LIFTING

STRUCTURE &LANDUSE

Plot Size: 35190m2

Curret FAR: 2.6

Number Of Residents:500 Floor Area:24000m2

Plot Size 20000m2

School

Curret FAR: 3

Number Of Residents 240 Floor Area 5000m2

OBSTACLE Plot Size 125000m2

Curret FAR: 1.2

3.OPERATION

Number Of Residents:420 Existing Floor Area:3600m2

Planned FAR:1.5

ARMANI APARTMENTS

AGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDENTS

olderly middle age youngster 0 10

olderly middle age youngster

20 30 40 50 60 (%)

tea drinking

olderly middle age youngster 0 10 20 30 40 (%)

0 10

20 30 40 50 (%)

TYPE OF ACTIVITY grocery shopping

TYPE OF ACTIVITY reading

playing mahjong

fitness

watchthefilm

grocery shopping

eating out

shopping

AREA OF ACTIVITY Lotus Block, Jinjiang District

2010S COMMUNITY AGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDENTS

street

AREA OF ACTIVITY street corner

VACANT SITES

REUSE

AGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDENTS

TYPE OF ACTIVITY

Site

2000S COMMUNITY

DEMOLITION AND REPOSITIONING

1900S COMMUNITY

PUBLICIZATION OF PRIVATE SPACES

Museum

RESIDENTS WITH HIGH ACTIVITY NEEDS IN A LIMITED PUBLIC SPACE

OLDER NEIGHBOURHOODS

AREA OF ACTIVITY street corner

EXHIBITION CENTRE

COMMERCIAL CORRIDORS

CORNER GARDENS

THREE LINKS

PROGRAMS ALONG EACH LINK CULTURAL LINK

BUILDING TYPOLOGY

MASTER PLAN

COMMERCIAL LINK

1 SHARED OFFICE

AFUNCTION RATIO

N

Business Hotel Commeicial Open space

14

14

0 25

50

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 (%)

200m

SharedOffice

Sales Units

Wangjiang Wharf Memorial Museum

Cultural Square

Armani Area Activity Center

SharedOffice

Corner Park Cultural Pier

5 Commercial corridor

Corner Park

14

High Line Exhibition Hall Armani Area Activity Center

Entrance Plaza

2 OPEN PLAN CENTRALIZED FLAT

13

STAFF

VISITOR

AFUNCTION RATIO

3

Residence Commeicial Community Services

13

Underground museum Stations

tower1

tower2

mall

COMMERCIAL AND COMMUNITY LINK

Open space 0 10

20

30

40 50 (%)

Underground museum Stations

comminity center

COMMUNIYT LINK

tower2

mall

comminity center

Community Activity Corridor

Sports activities square Community Cultural Center

2

tower1

Community Corner Park

2

Open Plan Centralized Flats

1

6

Seniors Activity Center

Community Cultural Center

1

3 COMMUNITY CULTURAL CENTER Open Plan Centralized Flats

AFUNCTION RATIO Community Services Culture Open space

7 11

Open Plan Centralized Flats Corner Park

Commercial corridor

0 10 12

9 10

8 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

SharedOffice Open Plan Centralized Flats

20

30

40 50 (%)

Corner Park

8 Entrance Plaza 9 High Line Exhibition Hall

Community Cultural Center

10

Chengdu Natural History Museum Seniors Activity Center

11

Commercial corridor 12 Cultural Square

Wangjiang Wharf Memorial Museum

13

Community Activity Corridor

Armani Area Activity Center

14

Community Corner Park

Cultural Pier

LOCAL FAMILY

LOCAL ELDLY Underground museum Stations

tower1

tower2

mall

comminity center

Underground museum Stations

tower1

tower2

mall

comminity center

03

PREVENTION FOR CLIMATE CHANGE Urban Master Planning For Sea Level Rise

Past Industrially Developed Area& Future Sea-Flooded Area

CLIMATE CHANGE CRISIS

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY

SITE: AREA: DATE: TYPE: INSTRUCTOR: TEAM MEMBER: CONTRIBUTION:

Fishermans Bend,Victoria, Australia 328HA

05/2021-07/2021, Spring Term 2020-2021

Academic Team Work Kexin Ni(nicolandscape@126.com) Xinyu Lin,Chengli Wang Site Analysis, Strategies, Plan, Modelling,Renderings,Sections

INTRODUCTION: Fishermans bend, Australia, is close to Melbourne's central city and is a priority area for Melbourne's future plans, however due to its low altitude, Fishermans bend is at risk of sea level rise over the next 100 years.

The aim of this project is to assist in the master planning and design of the transitioning the area to meet the requirements of the transitioning industry and to protect it from future disasters.

On the one hand, I simulated the inundation of Fisherman Bay in the next century through software and evaluated the land use in the Retreat Area, Control Area, and Prevention Area. On the other hand, eco-friendly dikes were adopted in the Retreat Area by tapping into the twofold value of oyster reefs in alleviating storm tides and promoting mariculture.

SEA LEVEL RISE FUTURE CRISIS IN 2100

ECONOMY LOSE AND ECOLOGICAL RETREAT INUNDATION PROCESS

LOCATION Fishermans Bend is Australia's largest 'Mature Communities Upgrade' project, covering approximately 480 hectares in the heart of Melbourne. Fishermans Bend encompasses five districts in two cities - Melbourne City and Port Phillip City and connects Melbourne's CBD to the bay.

2025 INUNDATION ZONE City Centre

Australia

2100 INUNDATION ZONE

Melbourne

THE CONTINUING INFLUENCE OF SEA LEVEL RISE

storm surge

0.6HA wetland will retreat 6% factories will be flooded

SITE

2021 sea level SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION

N

2050 sea level WETLAND DESTRUCTION CORROSION OF THE BUILDING

storm surge

0 0.25 0.5

1

2050 INUNDATION ZONE

2km

N

2025 inundation zone storm surge

4.2HA wetland will retreat 24% factories will be flooded

2050 inundation zone

2100 sea level

URBAN FLOODING

2075 inundation zone Green space

Inundation zone

2075 INUNDATION ZONE

Green land Inundated buildings

Hard surfacing

Surviving building

Site

Hard surfacing Main roads Secondary roads

FROM INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT TO CRISIS OF INUNDATION nowadays

1930

original

Industrial development became more prosperous in the early 20th century with the introduction of rail links to the region

The Industrial centre of Akhin was built

The site is a habitat for plants and animals that provides important resources for indigenous people

1830

1959

Tertiary roads

10.3HA wetland will retreat 54% factories will be flooded

future If no corresponding measures are taken, entire cities will be submerged by rising sea levels

Contour line 0

LOSS STATISTICS 3.93ft

Industrial development has turned 85% of the city's pavement into cement, making it impossible for the ground to drain against rising sea levels.

Webb Quay was opened

3.93 FT IN 2100

2.57 1.93

SEA-LEVEL RISE

1.29 0.65ft

by Chengli Wang, Xinyu Lin

2025

2040

2055

2070

2085

2100

0.25

FACTORIES WILL BE FLOODED

3.21

The railway was introduced

78.4 %

0.1

2574

people out of work

0.5

1km

Design site

16.6HA

WETLAND WILL RETREAT

133 HA land at risk

53%

Data sources :“GHD Baseline Drainage Plan Report”、 “Fishermans Bend Economic and Employment Study, 2016”

by Xinyu Lin

LOW SEA LEVEL(1M)

NORMAL SEA LEVEL(1.2M)

DESIGN FRAMEWORK

FLOOD STAGE(1.4M)

AREA

SUBMERGED ZONES

Completely submerged

Partially submerged

Bay

Shoreline

GOAL

EMERGENCY

Storm Surge

Sea Level Rise

DISTRICTS

STRATEGY

RETREAT DISTRICT

ECOLOGICAL DIKE

CONTROL DISTRICT

HARD DIKE

Weaken Waves

Habitat Destruction

Control Water Invasion

PREVENTION DISTRICT Not submerged

STRATEGY

MASTER PLAN

ECOLOGICAL DIKE

N 0

0.1

0.25

0.5

City

Sea Level Rise

OPERATION

Economic benefits

Rain Flood

LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT

Ecological restoration

Disaster resilience

Prevent Water logging

Oyster attachment

Oyster farming boxes

Oyster farming observatory

Ecological walkway

Wave resistance

Observation Deck

Salt-water wetland

Urban walkway

Leisure Function

Material Corrosion Resistance

Resilient Response: Not Overwhelmed

Resilient Response: Overwhelmed

Pervious Surface

Rainwater Garden

Bioswale & Detention Basin

Underground Detention&Ecological Grass Trench

1KM

2 2 5 3 4

2

5

1

HARD DIKE & BUILDING LIFTING 9

8 1 7

5 6

5

10

LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT

3

1

1

Hard dike

6

Viewing Platform

2

Ecological dike

7

Blue detention pond

3 Ecological Trail

8

Green detention pond

4

Industrial Site Node

9

Building Overhead

5

Wetland Habitat

10

Ecological Grass Trench

by Xinyu Lin

by Xinyu Lin

DESIGN IMPACT TO ECONOMY AND ECOLOGY PHASE 1: RECREATE (2020-2050)

THE ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL BENEFITS OF OYSTERS PHASE 2: CONTROL (2050-2075)

PHASE 3: PREVENTION (2075-2100)

OYSTERS INCREASE ECONOMIC INCOME PRINCIPLE

OYSTERS WEAKEN STORM SURGES

CREATE OYSTER-CENTRED ECOLOGY PRINCIPLE

PRINCIPLE

NO3- NH4- PON

Decreased Impermeable Area Spat Oyster seedling

Attachedtoshellfi Hanging sh the breeding net

Oyster farming

OYSTER FARMING Farming installations

area of detention pond*depth of detention pond +area inundated x height of sea level rise

area of detention pond*depth of detention pond +area inundated x height of sea level rise

Oyster

Attach to a bio-friendly dike

Oyster reefs weaken storm surges

Bio-sediments

Plankton aggregations

Aquatic environment

Wetland ecology

ECOSYSTEM

OYSTER REEF WEAKEN WAVES Viewing ports

Dacelo Leachii

area of detention pond*depth of detention pond +area inundated x height of sea level rise

Original silt accumulation

Hard dike construction

Oyster

Glossogobius Wallabia Biolor

Oyster breeding beds Neosilurus Ater

Demansia Vestigiata

Eurostopodus Argus

Oyster-attached dike cause wave to crest and fall

Green Space

Subtidal reef dissipates energy of wave

Chelonia mydas

Pimelea Ferruginea

Touring walks

Leucophyta Brownii

Oyster reefs weaken storm surges

Araucaria Heterophylla

Carpobrotus Rossii

OYSTER LOCATION N

Annual ’bnmnlhbAdmdsr

0

Rate of economic decline* (2050-2020)

number of households* average number of employed persons in households

by Xinyu Lin

0.25

0.5

1KM

npmmrncpfcarBpcmdmwTrcpdBpkgleBpcB

npmmrncpfcarBpcmdmwTrcpdBpkgleBpcB

number of households* average number of employed persons in households

0.1

number of households* average number of employed persons in households

Data sources :“GHD Baseline Drainage Plan Report”

“ Fishermans Bend Economic and Employment Study, 2016”

by Xinyu Lin

OYSTER FARMING ISLAND

LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT AND SURFACE RUNOFF CONTROL PHASE 3: PREVENTION (2075-2100)

PHASE 1: RECREATE (2020-2050)

DECREASED IMPERMEABLE AREA RUNOFF VOLUME CAPTURE ANNUAL ECONOMIC INCOME

45%

-112HA

Oyster farming boxes

-

Industrial site DECREASED IMPERMEABLE AREA

43020M³

RUNOFF VOLUME CAPTURE

-$14142

Oyster farming boxes

Eco-dike

+ 86 HA

ANNUAL ECONOMIC INCOME

90%

-225HA

143400M³ $419901

Retreat Area Control Area

OYSTER FARMING AREA

Prevention Area

Oyster farming boat Oyster farmers

Oyster Reef Ecological Trail

2803 M³

Urban Trail

6221 M³

- 90 %

VOLUME CAPTURE Building Overhead

DECREASED IMPERMEABLE AREA

Detention Pond

RUNOFF CONTROL

Rainwater Garden

Permeable Ground

Ecological Grass Trench

Oyster Reef

WETLAND SCENES PHASE 2: CONTROL (2050-2075) DECREASED IMPERMEABLE AREA RUNOFF VOLUME CAPTURE ANNUAL ECONOMIC INCOME

73%

-164HA

100389M³ -$280854

Plant pond Hard dike

Oyster Reef

Eco-trail

+ 124 HA

Saltwater wetland

Ecological Dike

Hydroxyapatite

by Xinyu Lin

Secondary Drainage Network

Secondary Drainage Network

WETLAND AREA

Eco Concrete

Wetland

Waterfront Park

Porous Asphalt

Primary Road

Open-graded Aggregate Undisturbed Choker Course Base Soil

Building Lifting

Fluorocarbon Chlorinated Perchloroethylene Paint Rubber Paint

Green Detention Pond

Concrete Paver

Permeable Joint Material

Aggregate Undisturbed Base Soil

Blue Detention Pond

Porous Asphalt

Secondary Road

Primary Drainage Network

Blue Detention Pond

Open-graded Aggregate Undisturbed Choker Course Base Soil

by Xinyu Lin

04

SCAR

Memorial landscape design

Abandoned Coal Mining Island & Forced Labour Factories SITE: AREA: DATE: TYPE: INSTRUCTOR: TEAM MEMBER: CONTRIBUTION:

GROUND PARADISE

UNDERGROUND HELL

Hashima Island, Japan 1700M2 09/2021-10/2021, Autumn Term 2021-2022 Academic Team Work Liang Zhou(zhouliang199001@outlook.com) Xinyu Lin, Jinxian Guan Site analysis, Historical Story Extraction, Master plan,Detail plans, Modelling, Rendering

INTRODUCTION: During World War II, more than 3,000 Korean people were taken by the Japanese army to Hashima island for forced coal digging, where intense work caused a very low survival rate of the miners. Now a popular tourist destination in Japan and a World Heritage Site as a remnant of Japan's Meiji-era industry, Hashima island has met with strong opposition from the Korean people who see Hashima island as a humiliating part of their history.

The key issue in this design is how to bridge the gap between the two countries in the urban space ofHashimaislandandtoevokeareflectionofthewarandaconfrontationwithhistory.

My proposal extracted the living conditions of the Japanese and South Koreans on Hashima Island during World War II and built two opposing storylines, which would be manifested through the different landforms and heights of the two different tourist routes, one on the ground and the other underground.Thedesignwasaimedtoinspirevisitorstoreflectonthewarandfaceuptothehistory.

JAPANESE AND KOREAN PEOPLE MOVE TO HASHIMA COAL MINE Japan

Keyushu

TWO LIFE STATES ON HASHIMA ISLAND

VACANT LAND OF THIS ISLAND

LOCATION AND COAL MINING DEVELOPMENT ROUTE

JAPANESE PARADISE

Nagasaki

600

Referrer

500 Mid-level labour

Manager Dependant-woman Civil Servant

Prostitutes

Dependant-kid 400

2hegt

Busan

Hashima Island is now a famous tourist attraction in Japan, and the former coal dredging area is now a deserted vacant lot when you get to the island from the pier.

High-level labour

RUINS OF THIS ISLAND

Low-level labour

Number of person/sq km in 1950s

Road

300

DURING WORLD WAR II ON HASHIMA ISLAND

200-400 Coal Distribution

Happy mood Easy management work

200

Over 700 400-700

SIte

Main City Coal Mine Functional Area

400000T/A COAL PRODUCTION 3677 POPULATION 1147 MINERS DIED BECAUSE OF FORCED LABOUR

Design Area

Maximum production

Tokyo

100

The original buildings in the open space have now been abandoned and turned into architectural ruins, where people visiting the island can learn about the past of Hashima Island.

Modern concrete island

Paradise in the lie The Japanese company Mitsubishi cajoled unemployed people into coming to the Hashima coal mine by deceiving them about the easy and lucrative jobs available on the island.

1890

1895

Japanese staff work in an open and bright environment in a ground-level work area, where their main task is to supervise low-level miners.

In the 1930s, Hashima Island had a wide range of educational, medical, commercial and entertainment facilities, and the Showa Hall, a cinema, showed more than 30 films a month, giving Japanese employees a rich entertainment life.

End of paradise

The population of Hashima After the outbreak of island was decimated by World War II, because the return of Koreans and of the abundant labour the departure of labourers. resources, Hashima island's coal production reached a peak of about 410,000 tons in 1941.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Mitsubishi began building reinforced concrete apartment buildings, and thefirstreinforcedconcretegrouphomeinJapan,-Build ing 30, was completed in Hashima.

1900

1905

1910

1915

1925

1920

1930

1935

1940

1945

KOREAN HELL 100

CONFLICTING VIEWS OF THE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT

Hashima island is a HERITAGE of Japan's Meiji industrial revolution!

1893

1897

1901

ND ISLA A M I ASH NT H E R CUR

90

80

70

SITE

N

NEWS

UNESCO ON HASHIMA ISLAND 23 -era industrial sites won the World Heritage

60

Hell in the true 1930

Hashima island is a STIGAMA that Korean people are forced to work!

50

by Xinyu Lin

Upon arrival at Hashima island, the Korean labourers found their actual work to be heavy and dangerous coal mining, with no possibility of reversal and no freedom.

Modern concrete prison The modern facilities made it easier for the officers to keep an eye on the Korean -labour ers, and it was even more difficult for the Korean labourers working on Hashima to es Dangerous coal mining work cape, the only transport link between Hashima and the outside world being by boat.

Korean workers work in the mines for more than 12 hours a day in temperatures above 45°C, are vulnerable to gas explosions and landslides, and are highly monitored to prevent escapes.

Depressed mood Long-time miners on the island suffer from hunger and fatigue and long to return to their homeland.

Minimum Survival Rate

End of hell

The high intensity of the work have resulted in a very low At the end of World War II, the Koreans left Hashima island. survival rate for miners.

by Xinyu Lin

STRATEGY

MASTER PLAN

1.Search for clues from the history event; 2.Abstract emotions from the strong conflicts between the Japanese and Koreans on the Hashima island; 3.Shape the monumental spaces.

Behavior Cheat

Force

Humiliation

Tortured

Suppress

Supervise

8

JAPANESE

Excited Joyful

Emotion Line Pleasure

7

Comfort

6

Proud

Surprised 4

5 2

Atfirsttheyare equal and stand on the the same horizon.

Then Japanese began to oppressed Koreans and their status is becoming unequal. Japanese stand higher than Koreans.

Japanese became more and more rampant, while the Koreans were oppressed to dig underground for coal and headed into the abyss.

The endless work and poor coal mining conditions made the Koreans feel desperate in the abyss.

Koreans began to wake up, hoping Finally, the Koreans resisted tond fi awaytofreedom.Japanese stubbornly and walked out of still higher than Koreans, but the gap the abyss. is becoming smaller.

2

3

SPACE

N 25m

0m 1

50m

Legend 1 Tourist Wharf

2 Touring Trails

4 Underground Memorial Trail 5 Slope 7 Seats

Emotion Line Longing

Awakening Surprise

Behavior Trust

Resignedly

Torment

Endure

Despair Obedience

CONCEPT GENERATION STEP1

An A4 size sheet of paper representing the site

STEP2

Fold the paper in half. The top half represents the Japanese and the bottom half represents the Koreans

STEP3

Fold along the midpoint of one short side and the other side, which represents the road of Korean.

STEP4

Turn the other half of the paper over the crease.

The lower part represents the Korean, just like the scene of mining in the past.

Uprising Ground Trail(Japanese) Ground Trail(Japanese)

KOREAN

6 Export

8 Exit Garden

by Xinyu Lin,Jinxian Guan

Anxiety Struggle

3 Entrance Garden

Und

ergr

oun

d Tr

ail(K orea

Und

erg

STEP5

Fold the upper paper in half along the midpoint of the short edge and the end point on the other side.

The upper part of the folded surface represents the Japanese, which is flat and comfortable

Gro u

rou

nd

nd

Tra il

( Ko

rea

n)

Tra il(

Jap

ane

se)

Underground Trail(Korean)

n)

by Jinxian Guan, Xinyu Lin

by Jinxian Guan, Xinyu Lin

DETAIL PLANS

SECTIONS

1.Set two different gardens at the entrance and exit; 2.Create different mood atmospheres through the setting of different types of plants; 3.Use the suppressed atmosphere at the entrance to guide visitors to the comfortable atmosphere at the exit

GRADUALLY CHANGING PAVING UNITS

Groun d tour

PLAN SECTIONS

PLANT VIEWING SEASON

PLANTING PLOTS directi on

DEC

Grass Slit

Grass Tiles

1.2m

PLAN

Tree Pond

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

D

NOV

TOPOGRAPHIC SECTIONS

10

H=0.2m/contour line

9

10

8

E

7

Hinoki cypress Concrete

6

Pseudoacacia

5

OCT Lilium brownii

Festuca

Corten Steel

SEP

PLANTING DESIGN PLAN

PLAN SECTION A-A'

1 A B C

EXIT GARDEN

JUL

JUN

PLANTING PLOTS

SINGLE PAVING UNIT

3

2

±0.0m

AUG

MAY

4

E'

D'

-0.5m

PLAN SECTION B-B'

A' B' C' SECTION D-D' (1:80)

2'

1'

5'

4'

3'

6'

Grass Slit

3

APR

Corten Steel

MAR

Grass Tiles

6

1

3 5

Saccharum spontaneum Imperata cylindrical 'Rubra'

Concrete

PLANTING DESIGN PLAN

7

2

FEB

Festuca

8'

1

2

tion ur direc round to underg

7'

9'

10'

4

1

-1.5m

PLAN SECTION C-C'

3

1

Festuca

Imperata cylindrical 'Rubra'

Saccharum spontaneum

Lilium brownii

Pseudoacacia

SECTION E-E'(1:80) Hinoki cypress

ENTRANCE GARDEN

JAN

3

4

1

2

6

3

1

by Xinyu Lin

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

3

5

Legend: 1. Precast Concrete 2. Weathering Steel 3. Crushed Stone Level 4. Finished Drainage Ditch 5. Embedded Parts 6. Stepping 7. Soil

7

10

by Jinxian Guan

by Jinxian Guan, Xinyu Lin

HISTORICAL SCENES RECREATED

3D MODEL

GROUND TRAIL

A

B

SEATS EXIT GARDEN ENTRANCE GARDEN Maintaining the natural growth of plants on the shores of Hashima island.

A' Domestic tourists

B'

Foreign tourist

History Review

Understanding History

UNDERGROUND TRAIL

SLIT Narrow gaps in the underpass allow natural wind and rain to enter

A-A'

AN EXIT TO FREEDOM

B-B'

The underground path ends in a narrow - trian Ground visitor Surveillance

Survivors' descendant Escape from the underground

Underground visitor Being watched

Survivor Escape from the underground

by Xinyu Lin

by Jinxian Guan, Xinyu Lin