Introduction
Immunoassays are analytical techniques used to detect or quantify specific molecules using antigenantibody interactions. Widely used in diagnostics, vaccine development, and biopharma research. They provide sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for biological analysis.
ciples of Immunoassays
Based on specific binding between an antigen and its antibody.
Detection uses labels like enzymes, luorescent dyes, or radioactive markers.
The intensity of the signal correlates with the concentration of the target molecule.
Types of Immunoassays
ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) – most common and versatile.
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) – highly sensitive but less used due to radioactivity.
Lateral Flow Assays – used in rapid diagnostic tests (like COVID-19 kits).
Western Blot & Multiplex Assays – for protein detection and simultaneous analysis.
Applications in Biopharma
Used for drug development, biomarker discovery, and clinical diagnostics.
Helps monitor immune response in vaccine and therapeutic studies.
Ensures batch-to-batch consistency in biologics production.
