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How Artificial Intelligence (AI) Is Shaking Up The Music Industry Written by : Belle Chan
Designed by : Adora Chan
Wondering who is behind the production of all your favorite melodies or the entities of your dearest idols? Itmightjustbeartificialintelligence. Progress in AI music is accelerating rapidly, by dint of researchers and musicians at major tech conferences and universities who want to integrate widespread AI into the music world. Many artists feel that we’re about to enter a “golden age” of creativity, powered by artificial intelligence, which canpushmusicinnewdirections.
Creating New Songs with the Help of AI
Surprisingly, virtuoso has been utilizing Artificial Intelligence for the produ before the term “AI” became a buzzword among us. For 30 years, David Cope, a musician and composer,hasbeenworkingonExperimentsinMusicalIntelligence(EMI)EMI . originallyb in1982asanefforttohelpCopeovercome“composer’sblock,”andnowhisalgorithms have ducedalargenumberoforiginalcompositionsinavarietyofgenresandstyles.
Grammy-nominated producer Alex da Kid used IBM Watson to analyze five years of hit so as well as cultural data from films, social media, and online articles to figure out AI-generatedsongthatfanswouldenjoy.Thefinalsong,“NotEasy,reached ” numberfouron iTunesHotTrackschartwithin48hoursafteritsrelease.
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ComposersDrewSilverstein,SamEstes,andMichaelHobewereworkingonmusic forb getmovieslikeTheDarkKnightwhentheystartedgettingrequestsforsimpleba fortelevisionandvideogames.TheyworkedtogethertocreateAmper,aconsumer-f tool that helps non-musicians and online content creators make royalty-free music – using their ownparameters–inafewseconds.
AMusicStreamingEngineer
AIplaysahugeroleinmusicstreaming.Onstreamingplatforms,thistechnology isu lyzethelisteninghabitsandmusicpreferencesofmillionsofusers.Itis - greata monpatternswithinmillionsofsongs.
The music streaming platform, Spotify, has an AI-powered component like Spotify’s Di Weekly, which provides a personalized list of music for each listener every week depending upon theirartistpreferencesandstreaminghabits.
AI is actually responsible for Spotify’s huge popularity and success. Currently, Spo thanmillion 285 activeusersandownsof 40% theglobalmusicstreamingmarket.Ithasa several music and machine learning-related components. Spotify’s AI technologi songs to its users in several ways. Depending upon the way you approach different songs, the number of times you play certain songs on repeat, and other actions you take, Spotify recommendssongswithsimilarparameters.
BecauseofAI,thereisnoneedtopurchasevinyltapes,records,orCDstolistent isnospaceandgeographicalboundariesforstreaming.Musicstreamingplatforms AItoincreasestorage,improvesearchenginesandotherfunctions.
All the big players in the music streaming industry use AI and machine learning to improve their services.SimilartoSpotify’sDiscoverWeekly,AppleMusic’sserviceGeniusPlaylist users to select one song from the list which will be used to generate another playlist consisting of songssimilartotheselectedsong.
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Creating Virtual Pop Stars
Theoneswhopayeventheslightestattentiontothecurrentmusicindustr the storm K-pop has brewed in the global music climate. In fact, there has been an augmentingpresenceofAIintheK-popscene.TherearemoregroupslikeAespathatse anupperhandinthemarketbyutilizingthiscutting-edgetechnologytoenrich
InNovember20,SMEntertainment,theK-poppowerhouserepresentinglegionsofbig-na starslikeEXOandNCT,showcasedthenewgirlgroupAespa,whichdebutedwith the edented concept of including virtual avatars. The rookie band comprises four Karina,Winter,Giselle,andNingningandtheiravatars,thequartet’sdigitalsel through AI. During an online press conference in May, Karina said that Aespa was an pieceband,”referringtothedigitalentitiesasactualmembersofAespa.
Photo source: online
“Aespa is an innovative group transcending the boundary between reality and SM’sfounder/producerLeeSoo-mansaidduringtheWorldCulturalIndustryForum(WCIF October,aboutamonthbeforethelaunchofAespa.“Thebandisreflectiveofourfutu willrevolvearoundcelebritiesandavatars.Aespa’shumanmembersandtheirv interactwitheachotherthroughdigitalmeans,collaborate .” andgrowuptoget
Aespa has been making waves on the global music scene. The music video of its deb “BlackMamba,surpassed ” million 10 viewsonYouTubeonlydays 51 afteritsrelease,becom thefirstdebutmusicvideobyaK-popacttopulloffthisfeat.Italsotookhomesever theYearAwardslastyear.
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Prior to Aespa, there were other AI-powered acts like K/DA, a virtual girl group con four female characters from the popular online game League of Legends (LoL), which deb withthesingle“Pop/Stars”inAs 2018. ofMonday,themusicvideoforthesonggarnered awho ping40millionviewsonYouTube.Apoki,whichwasinitiallyavirtualinfluencer,kicke singingcareerinFebruary,puttingoutitsfirstsingle“Getitout.”Itsmusicvideo 610,viewsmark.
But why are people immersing themselves in producing AI-powered singers? The re intelligible. Virtual singers enjoy eternal youth and are able to work aroun freefromscandals,too.Fortheproducers,theyarenotonlyefficientbutalsoless physical and emotional constraints, virtual singers are easier to control and are more widely availabletofanswhowanttoengagewiththeirfavoriteidolsinmanydifferentforms
FindingtheNextBigArtists Audio-on-demand streaming like Spotify totaled $534billionintheUnitedStatesalone,according toBuzzAngleMusic’s2018report.
Photo source: online
The K-pop industry has invested a lot in new technologies over the last couple like JYP, YG, and HYBE have invested in the avatar app company, Zepeto, and have us the platform for virtual fan meetings or other forms of content. SM has also inv technology and successfully integrated it into Beyond Live, an online concert Likewise,virtualsingerswillenableK-popcompaniestocreateanewrevenuestr theirintellectualproperty.
Artificialintelligencehelpsthemusicindustry withA&R(artistandrepertoire)discoveryby combing through music and trying to identify the next breakout star, abetting promising new artiststobediscovered,withkeencompetition.
Warner Music Group acquired a tech start-up last year that uses an algorithm t streaming,andtouringdatatofindpromisingtalent.InApple 2018, alsoacquiredAsaii,a thatspecializesinmusicanalytics,tohelpthemboosttheirA&R.
AI Complementing Creativity
AI technology is transforming the music industry in a plethora of ways, but creatives should not be worried about losing jobs or being replaced by multiprocessors. There is sti artificialintelligencetobeabletocreatehitsongsontheirownorbecomese But as tools develop and the music industry learns how to use AI as a supplement to human creativity,ourworldwillcontinuetosoundsweeterandsweetereveryyear.
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I remember walking down the pedestrian zone in Sai Yeung Choi Street South when I was little and wondering to myself, “why is there not a single car going down the street?” Instead of avoiding traffic, people gathered in the middle of the road, enjoying all kinds of performances, and buying all sorts of products and services.Fromsingingperformancestoacrobaticstunts,fromphoto-takingservices to sketching, you could stay for hours and not get bored. Not only was this spot popular among visitors to relax and have fun, it was also significant to buskers Writtenby:V sinceitguaranteedaudienceandattention.Withtheclosingofthepedestrianzone, as well as the public area at Time Square, there are fewer places for buskers to go, affectingthegrowthandpromotionofthebuskingcultureinHongKong.
Busking C in Hong
Unequivocally, the busking culture has its merits. For instance, with buskers gathering and performing at a certain location, the hot spots attract audiences, not justlocalHongKongers,buttouristsaswell.Backwhenbuskerswerestillallowed toperformatSaiYeungChoiStreetSouthpedestrianzone,itwasalwaysswamped with people. Going on social media, you would always see people posting pictures of themselves visiting the area. It became one of the well-known spots in Hong Kong, thanks to all these performers and buskers. Districts like MongKok, Tsim Sha Tsui, etc. are also known to be busking hotspots that people would often visit whenevertheywishtorelaxorbeentertained.Notonlydoesitbringlivelihoodand a sense of artisticity to the streets of Hong Kong, but it also allows us to discover up-and-risingsingersandtalent,givingthemtherecognitiontheydeserve.
However, while most enjoy and appreciate the busking culture, there is no denying that there are certain downsides to it. Busking often attracts crowds, and t singing of the buskers along with the noise of the crowd can lead to nuisances for nearby residents or other passerbys. Imagine having someone singing underneath your building most hours of the day, and it may not even sound pleasant every time! People packed like sardines near ones’ house also makes it difficult to get home in peace, one may even feel unsafe with all these strangers gathering around. Besides, since there is no space allocation, buskers can freely use anywhere they desire, leading to potential conflicts regarding the occupation of spots. Some buskers may feel like they have secured a spot by frequently using the same space for an extended period, while some may believe that no one “owns” a spot. It is difficult to determine who is in the wrong since there is no enforcement of regulations and laws,sosuchconflictscanhardlybetrulyresolvedanytimesoon.
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Despite the difficulties and obstacles, some buskers are still able to get attention from the public. Receiving support from thousands of followers and perhaps even their regular fan base who would watch each of their performances, some buskers eventually take part in talent shows or singing contests on mainstream televisi Not only do they get to showcase their talents to a larger audience and professional judges by doing so, but they are also promoting the busking culture to the public. With rising stars such as MC Cheung, Jer Lau and Judas coming from a busking
Culture g Kong
background, more and more people are interested in the culture and are paying moreattentiontothebuskerstheyseeonthestreet,lookingo
With the emerging popularity of the busking culture, it is important that we start looking into some of the possible solutions to the previously presented problems in order for the culture to flourish. At the moment, there are no Kong dedicated to street performances nor any laws that prohibit these street ViolaChanDesignedby:TiffanyWong performances, thus buskers are asked to observe relevant laws and regulate their ownactions.Forexample,accordingtotheSummaryOffencesOrdinanc musical instruments in any public street or road is not allowed unless permitted by relevant authority. One is also not allowed to make sounds by mu or sing in ways that can lead to the annoyance of other users in any pleasure ground permitted by relevant authority, according to the Pleasure Authorities have the right to ask buskers to leave if they are to offend these laws and regulations. Without specific policies related to bu and unfair to buskers. It is also difficult for street perform regulated, making it difficult to ensure their quality and reduce theymaycausetoothercitizens.
Photo source: online
One possible solution for that is perhaps to establish perm adopted by cities like Taipei and Melbourne, these schemes busking performances to be regulated and managed, reducing any possible nuisances it may cause to the public. The two cities go about different approaches, and through learning from them, it is probably easier for Hong Kong to establish a system that is suitable for us. As a c buildings and people everywhere with limited land, it is perhaps enough to have just one type of permit like Taipei does as we may not be abl many different types of zones. We may also lack human resources to regulate whether or not people are using the areas they are supposed to according to their permit type. Earning the permit by passing the audi reviews, all buskers will be allowed to perform within designated locations set by the government that are deemed suitable for performances. Th problem of buskers performing and attracting crowds at places that can lead to the annoyance and inconveniences of other citizens. In regards t of the permit scheme, instead of setting up a dedicated task fo it is perhaps better to give buskers more freedom. Seeing that buskers were able to self-regulate before the implementation of a permit scheme, it is probably better for us to lean more towards education and cooperation, and less towardspunishment.Inplacesthataremorecompetitiveandpre there can be more random checks by law enforcement officers to perf control as well as mediate any potential conflicts between busk system can be set up in case some continuously refuse to follow the rules and orders. By being more lenient towards buskers and treating puni resort, we can allow the growth and development of our very own busking culture, embracingthesesoundsasapartofourcity’scharm.
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