Science & Wellbeing

From cosmic in ation to a primordial particle soup to the expanding, cooling aftermath, the Universe went through many important stages in our cosmic history. About six billion years ago, however, a new form of energy began to dominate the Universe’s expansion: dark energy, which now determines our cosmic fate. e era we’re living in, the sixth era in the history of the Universe, where dark energy dominates the Universe’s expansion, is the nal one our Universe will ever experience.

While matter (both normal and dark) and radiation become less dense as the Universe expands owing to its increasing volume, dark energy, and also the eld energy during in ation, is a form of energy inherent to space itself. As new space gets created in the expanding Universe, the dark energy density remains constant.

A visual history of the expanding Universe includes the hot, dense state known as the Big Bang and the growth and formation of structure subsequently. e full suite of data, including the observations of the light elements and the cosmic microwave background, leaves only the Big Bang as a valid explanation for all we see. As the Universe expands, it also cools, enabling ions, neutral atoms, and eventually molecules, gas clouds, stars, and nally galaxies to form. Our entire cosmic history is theoretically well- understood, but only because we understand the theory of gravitation that underlies it, and because we know the Universe’s present expansion rate and energy composition. Light will always continue to propagate through this expanding Universe, and we will continue to receive that light arbitrarily far into the future, but it will be limited in e breakthrough drug replicates the signalling of two hormones involved in insulin production, one of which was believed to cause obesity. Scientists are still working out how the drug works, but one theory is that by merging the two hormones, they “accidentally” created a new synthetic hormone.

A new weight loss drug is getting a speedy review by America’s FDA, and somenancial analysts predict that it could break records, with up to $48 billion in annual sales. e drug tirzepatide is the rst of its kind that offers hope for people su ering with obesity. In a recent clinical study patients lost more than 20% of their body weight (52 pounds, or 23.6 kg).

Tirzepatide wasn’t designed to treat obesity; in fact, it mimics a hormone traditionally believed to cause weight gain.

Fat cells (adipocytes) secrete hormones that regulate metabolism, a ect satiety, and trigger in ammation.