FASTENER ENGINEERING_DESIGN WORLD_APRIL 2022

Engineering April 2022

A supplement of Design World

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Companies that care

According to the Global Sustainability Study 2021, 85% of respondents indicated that they shifted their purchasing behavior toward greater sustainability in the past five years, with more than one-third willing to pay more for environmentally friendly options. This shift to “greener” products even rose during the pandemic.

Although there’s room in most sectors for leaner manufacturing (with extra credit to those companies that buy and make in America), the fastener industry has advantages. Stainless steel is one of the most used materials in manufacturing fasteners with a strong attribute: it is nearly 100% recyclable.

Stainless steel also has an attractive scrap value because of elements, such as nickel and or alloys, often included in its composition.

And given its high resistance to corrosion, a well-chosen and properly installed fastener can last decades. In fact, studies show that the total cost of stainless steel can be 30 to 40% lower than other materials when factoring in repair and replacement costs.

However, there is one caveat. To make steel, iron has to be mined, a process that typically results in the deposition of waste materials that are far from environmentally friendly. This means it’s extremely important to buy stainless-steel fasteners from companies that showcase strong environmental ethics.

For example, several years ago global fastening solutions provider Penn Engineering switched to lead-free materials for the manufacture of its entire cataloged product line of steel fasteners. Fastener manufacturer,

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BUMAX, currently sources about 80% of its stainless steel from recycled raw materials.

And full-service distributor, General Fasteners Company, is committed to a sustainable supply base and is a member of CDP (formerly, the Carbon Disclosure Project).

CDP is a not-for-profit that provides a global disclosure system for companies and regions to manage their environmental impacts. It currently holds the largest global collection of self-reported climate change, water, and forest-risk data, with the goal of driving companies to more sustainable conduct.

Of course, stainless steel is not the only material for fasteners. There are plastics, aluminum, various alloys, and chemical fasteners. Fortunately, there are now several successful options for better sustainability, specific to adhesives and sealants (read more in the article on page 150).

The key, according to the Environmental Protection Agency, is to do your due diligence, work collaboratively with external stakeholders, and focus on the long-term results. (Visit tinyurl.com/ EcoEPA for more tips).

Thanks for doing your part and enjoy the read! FE

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Sustainability is on the rise — especially the demand for it. More than ever, companies are asked to show rather than tell, providing evidence of sustainable actions and a reduced carbon footprint. Regulatory standards are also increasing, often requiring businesses to disclose metrics such as emissions.

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A Climate of Change The demand for more sustainable adhesives and sealants Michelle Froese • Editor

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Consumers’ environmental concerns and increasing regulations are fueling demand for more sustainable adhesive options.

As the push toward sustainability continues,

demands for greater accountability and long-term environmental commitments have targeted most, if not all, manufacturing industries. The chemical sector is no stranger to these pressures or expectations. Fortunately, many in the adhesives and sealants market consider sustainable strategies and stricter regulations a necessity — and have for some time.

In 2011, for example, Together for Sustainability (TfS) launched as a chemical company initiative to assess, audit, and improve sustainability practices within global supply chains. It partnered with EcoVadis to provide these assessments via scorecards. The EcoVadis methodology covers 21 criteria across four themes: the environment,

sustainable procurement, ethics, as well as labor and human rights.

Several chemical companies are also conducting product testing to measure carbon properties. For instance, Ingevity Corporation recently asked consulting firm Environmental Resources Management to determine the carbon-negative properties of the pine-based raw materials found in Ingevity’s WestRez 5101 tackifier adhesive. WestRez 5101 is suitable for packaging, tapes, labels, and construction adhesive applications.

The result: it completely offset the volume of greenhouse-gas emissions produced during

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J o i n i n g Henke’s bio-based Technomelt Supra ECO product lines are the first high-melt solutions that capture CO2 emissions.

Simulating sustainability Engineers often struggle to obtain accurate engineering data on tapes and adhesives to effectively run simulations — this results in excess material waste and additional prototyping cycles, which hinders sustainability efforts.

In response to this challenge, 3M and Ansys have collaborated to create an industry material modeling training program that teaches engineers how to employ simulations with tape and structural adhesives to optimize adhesive and joint design, decrease waste, and improve production efficiency.

“Engineers can significantly reduce costly material waste and help power teamwide environmental sustainability by mastering a rapid and robust solution that helps determine the optimum adhesive and joint design for bonding applications,” shared Shane Emswiler, senior VP at Ansys.

The Ansys Learning Hub courses are taught by 3M research scientists, with live and virtual workshops offered here: tinyurl.com/BondingCourse

Ansys Learning Hub courses, which are taught by 3M research scientists, support engineers in developing less wasteful and more sustainable designs using tapes and adhesives.

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manufacturing, generating a carbon footprint 12% lower than petroleumbased alternatives.

This is good news, but progress takes time. Several adhesives in use today still use fuel-based raw materials and plastics, which are harmful to the environment. Developing products that offer acceptable application and cure times, ensure reliable bonds over time, and meet toxicity and flammability requirements is challenging to say the least.

This is particularly true while ensuring compliance with environmental regulations, such as limiting volatile organic compounds or VOCs. VOCs are substances often used in manufacturing adhesives and sealants, which are emitted as gases that contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone with the potential to cause adverse health effects.

The low VOC adhesive market is comprised of adhesives that offer little to no off-gassing — meaning it is possible to make better choices and successfully innovate. In fact, this is what much of the adhesives industry is continually working on: innovation.

According to a report from The Freedonia Group, adhesive and sealant manufacturers, globally, are increasingly focusing on producing products that reduce their carbon footprint and that of their end-users. And as demands increase for more sustainable products, so will the R&D that brings formulas that are naturally derived and include recyclable materials. Fortunately, there are a few ways adhesives can be manufactured in a way that’s healthier for the environment.

Make them biodegradable Pre-pandemic, Boston University (BU) researchers developed an adhesive formula that naturally degrades after use.

To be labeled biodegradable, adhesives must be made from natural substances that are formulated to break down into carbon dioxide (CO2), water, or other natural gases through bacteria and other micro-organisms. The main

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Recyclable packaging Adhesive manufacturer, Henkel, has developed a software tool, EasyD4R, which determines the recyclability of new packaging. It evaluates packaging based on its composition and the individual weight proportions of the respective components, including the recyclability of the materials, closures, labels, colors, and so on.

EasyD4R is available publicly. Download the recyclability evaluation tool for free at tinyurl.com/EasyD4R.

ingredient in the formula created by the BU team is CO2.

According to an article on the BU website: “This polymeric adhesive system, composed of environmentally benign building blocks, implements carbon-dioxide sequestration techniques, poses minimal environmental hazards, exhibits varied peel strengths from scotch tape to hotmelt wood-glue, and adheres to metal, glass, wood, and Teflon surfaces.” (Read more at tinyurl.com/BioAdhesives) Although CO2 is typically considered a pollutant in large volumes, in this case the adhesive material repurposes carbon dioxide that would otherwise go into the atmosphere. The formula can be adapted for several industrial and

medical applications, meaning it’s safe to use on skin.

There is a significant need for more biodegradable options for medical use (such as wound care), finds a study by ResearchAndMarkets. In such cases, pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) that decompose naturally, are ideal. PSAs adhere with the application of pressure, requiring no solvent or heat for activation.

Currently, cyanoacrylate adhesive is commonly used as a tissue sealant, but it’s non-biodegradable and can cause an allergic reaction in some individuals.

Medical tapes are also often manufactured using solvent-based polymers. When the solvent evaporates, the polymers harden into an adhesive — but the byproducts are burned,

creating unnecessary pollutants. Global conglomerate, 3M, has a Medical Solutions Division that’s long been committed to developing tapes and dressings that are manufactured without the use of solvents.

Instead, they use hot-melt or water-based adhesives with zero solvent bioproducts.

For the labeling and packaging industry, biodegradable options are advancing more quickly. Water-based BioTAK S100 is one example of a completely biodegradable and compostable adhesive, developed by Sustainable Adhesive Products B.V. The BioTAK formula is also approved for direct food contact, such as the small labels found on produce.

Use bio-based materials Rather than relying on conventional

By relying on a certified, mass-balanced polyurethane raw material for its reactive hot-melt adhesives, H.B. Fuller is reducing CO2 emissions and conserving fossilbased raw materials.

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fossil-based raw materials, bio-based adhesives and sealants use, at least in part, renewable materials. These typically include starch, cellulose, proteins (such as casein), vegetable oils, lignin, or natural resins.

Global adhesives provider, H.B. Fuller, recently announced that it has been working with one of the world’s largest polymer suppliers, Covestro, to deliver an adhesive with a reduced climate impact for the automotive, textiles, woodworking, and composites industries.

“We believe that any way CO2 emissions can be reduced should be embraced, no matter how small, because many small steps can add up to a strong economy of scale and a giant leap forward for the adhesives industry,” shared Iñaki Sigler, H.B. Fuller’s global product manager for the Woodworking and Composites division, in a recent statement.

According to H.B. Fuller — which has completed the EcoVadis assessment every year since 2015 — the new ingredient is a bio-attributed raw material that will replace a proportion of fossil-based raw materials. The massbalanced polyurethane material will be used in a reactive hot-melt adhesive and is ISCC-PLUS certified, which is a sustainability certification program for bio-based and recycled raw materials.

By gradually converting its production to alternative raw materials, Covestro aims to replace fossil materials and make its value chains more sustainable.

“We see this new, strategic product development as an investment in all our futures and a commitment to a more sustainable world,” said Dr. Thorsten Dreier, head of Coatings and Adhesives at Covestro.

Today, it’s not uncommon for the hot-melt formulas used to incorporate a target of about 50% bio-based raw material, at least in the packaging industry. The problem with surpassing this percentage has typically been production concerns, such as slower

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line speeds or shorter equipment cleaning cycles.

Late last year, global chemical company Henkel released a hot-melt solution that captures CO2 emissions.

Technomelt Supra ECO is the first carbon-negative, hot-melt made with a high portion of bio-based material. In fact, Henkel’s scientists were able to develop a formula that exceeded more than 80% of bio-based raw material input without losing performance.

“As we had a very close look at the values we can deliver, we found out that our solutions are not only able to reduce CO2 output during procurement and production but, furthermore, bind CO2 if you look at the overall balance for the global warming potential in 100 years,” said Sergio Mattos, head of Product Development, North America at Henkel. “We were very happy when we saw the results of the calculations — a negative cradle-to-gate product carbon footprint is the best possible outcome.”

Henkel’s manufacturing plants and processes are certified by the International Sustainability & Carbon Certification, which ensures traceability of bio-based material throughout the supply chain and assures its sustainable sourcing.

Choose compostable or repulpable As the demand for compostable packaging is increasing, so is the need to switch to compostable labels and the adhesives that bond these labels.

Compostable adhesives can be considered a sub-set of the biodegradable options. However, they’re eventually broken down as compost and work in a wasteremediation system. Ideally, these formulas leave no harmful residue or waste behind once fully composted — and result in compost that can later be used to enhance or fertilize soil.

In the U.S., the Biodegradable Products Institute is responsible for officially certifying a product as compostable. To be certified, at least 90% of the adhesive must decompose

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after 90 days into CO2 and water vapor.

The remaining portion of the adhesive must not impair the quality of the compost soil.

Materials science and manufacturing company, Avery Dennison, offers a biodegradable portfolio with S9500, a compostable range with “facestock and adhesive combinations that can be reintroduced into nature.” The S9500 adhesive was awarded the OK Compost certificate and is recognized as biodegradable and compostable.

Another Avery Dennison product from its Label and Packaging Materials division is TrueCut All-Temp Adhesive Technology, AT2550, which was purpose-built for paper facestocks in shipping, warehouse, and logistics applications. Significantly, AT2550 is also repulpable, meeting the testing criteria of the Tag and Label Manufacturing Industry (TLMI) Recycling Compatible Adhesive LRP-2 Lab Test Protocol, which confirms an adhesive is fully recycled at a label’s end-life.

Repulpable adhesives completely dissolve in water during paper repulping operations without leaving a contaminating residue behind. They’re by far one of the most sustainable glue options.

Clearly, it is possible to develop and manufacture more sustainable adhesives and sealants that support climate-change efforts. But this requires modification of existing products and advanced ideas, technologies, and protocols.

Fortunately, many in the industry have already taken steps to ensure such practices are becoming commonplace. FE

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ELECTROLOC

TM

LOW HALOGEN, PRE-APPLIED THREADLOCKER Powerful, epoxy-based, microencapsulated threadlocking for electronic components

Electroloc is a high-strength, microencapsulated epoxy threadlocker designed for use in systems requiring a halogen content of under 500ppm. By utilizing extra-small microcaps, Electroloc exhibits minimal material extrusion on electronic fasteners during installation, providing a clean environment and consistent torque values. Electroloc arrives at your factory dry to the touch and ready for immediate assembly.

Industrial

Aerospace

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Consumer Technologies

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The importance of testing concrete anchors

James J. Hahn • Product Manager • US Anchor Division Brighton-Best International The damage from earthquakes, hurricanes, flooding, and wind forces to various structures has led to

increasingly stringent building codes to ensure safety.

There’s a process to identify weaknesses in structures and attachments after these events occur to assess their ability to meet established standards. This also extends to various types of anchoring products.

The types of anchors used for construction and industrial applications are segmented into light, medium, and heavy-duty categories. Adhesive anchors offer an alternative, non-mechanical option for forming attachments in concrete and masonry base materials, and typically for anchoring threaded inserts.

• Light-duty – Leads, lags, machine screws, single/double expansions, drive types, wallboards, plastic nylon types, and toggle bolts.

• Medium-duty – Concrete screws and sleeve anchors.

• Heavy-duty – Wedge type, larger diameter concrete screws, and drop-in types.

• Adhesive anchors – Epoxy and polyester products used in conjunction with B7 studs or other threaded inserts.

Meeting the codes Building codes were established to assess the ability of products to meet or exceed standards. These codes are reviewed and updated continuously. Medium and heavy-duty mechanical anchors, and adhesive anchors, are typically (and ideally) tested to meet these code approvals.

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Anchor torque-testing set-up. A fastener’s torque values are typically determined by the manufacturer to ensure the correct clamping force of the anchor is achieved during installation.

Who establishes these codes?

Concrete fastener criteria fall under ASTM codes and the concrete criteria are under the American Concrete Institute or ACI codes.

ASTM is an international standards organization, formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials, which develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for various materials and products. ACI sets forth proper methods of designing and constructing buildings of reinforced concrete.

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These codes are reviewed by esteemed members of the engineering community who are members of key committees. Their assessment of changes to existing codes is accomplished by consent after thorough review. In many cases, product testing criteria are reviewed and updated based on new findings and recommendations.

Code agencies National code agencies have also evolved to establish evaluation and approval processes. Some of these www.fastenerengineering.com

agencies are regional and others are national.

There is continuous dialog and coordination among international code agencies to update testing criteria, which is handed down from the code committees as guidelines for testing.

There are two main domestic agencies: 1. International Code Council Evaluation Service (ICC-ES), a premier product certification program for North America 2. Miami Dade County for code compliance and ordinances April 2022

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An overview of a testing lab.

Testing protocol The following are critical and established requirements in the testing protocol for anchors used in construction and industrial applications.

• Concrete slabs must be poured to a specific psi (pounds per square inch).

Additionally, they must be pre-tested and part of the final testing report.

• A statement of work (S.O.W) must be communicated to the code agencies and client before testing.

• The lead P.E. must oversee all aspects of the testing protocol.

• The concrete composition must meet the stated criteria in the S.O.W. declaration.

• All product samples to be tested should be independently selected by the testing lab at the manufacturer’s warehouse and shipped directly to the lab.

• The testing equipment used must be calibrated prior to testing.

• All photos of the testing processes and results must be properly documented. The

testing equipment should also be connected to a laptop computer to graph results.

• The carbide drill bits must be measured before and after each drilled hole.

• Testing results may indicate concrete breakout or steel failure.

• The testing lab should communicate regularly with the manufacturer, updating

them on the ongoing process and results. At times, additional testing or redesign of the product is required.

• Completed test reports should be sent back to the evaluation agencies. The

assigned evaluation engineer or examiner then arranges for an internal peer review before the final disposition and publication.

• Once approved, the report is published with a specific expiration date.

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These agencies have, gradually, adopted similar processes and requirements. As a result of hurricanes and the presence of salt air and water, Miami Dade County requires corrosion testing as part of its approval process. Wind considerations are also another area of concern and part of their evaluation process.

The ICC-ES emphasizes applications affected by seismic events and, particularly, in the western United States.

New code requirements include tiedowns for residential and commercial buildings for structures including concrete slabs, roof connections, and others.

Cracked and uncracked concrete evaluation is also now an established testing criterion to meet anchor codes.

This testing process is extremely sophisticated, and costly, with only a handful of testing labs capable of completing these tests.

In addition to mechanical anchor testing, epoxy and certain adhesive products must meet the requirements of the code agencies.

Testing labs Testing entities must meet the strict requirements and be sanctioned by the evaluation and approval agencies, which includes periodical inspections.

These labs are considered third-party entities and must have “an arm’s length” relationship with the manufacturers of the products that are undergoing testing.

The testing labs are headed up by professional engineers (P.E.) who oversee the actual testing protocol and coordinate all activities with the code agencies. Typically, the code agencies assign a lead engineer who works with the testing labs P.E.’s until the final evaluation is completed and the approval published.

Types of testing There are several types of tests, depending on the anchor and its intended use. The tests help verify the structural strength of the anchoring DESIGN WORLD

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A tensile and shear test determines the lateral strength capacity of the anchor.

system or base material. Certain tests require lab work and others can be done onsite at the job.

• Site-specific – This is testing done

at a job site instead of at a testing lab.

Typically, anchors are specifically tested to the contractor’s onsite, concrete conditions.

Pull-out – Also known as tension characteristics, this test extricates an anchor upwards and out of the hole in the concrete.

Shear – This is a lateral test of the steel body’s strength.

Edge and spacing – anchors are tested at both minimum and critical distances.

Embedments – Anchors are tested at various hole depths to include minimum and normal embedment requirements.

integrity and reliability of anchors and the application.

These often include:

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• A bi-annual inspection that’s

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• Secondary testing – There are additional non-critical tests to round out the overall testing program.

There are also manufacturing or factory requirements, designed to ensure the overall

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completed by the ICC-ES, with annual inspections by Miami Dade County.

A Quality Manual, which is required and updated for review by inspectors.

Equipment and best practices that are reviewed on site.

The traceability of raw materials used in manufacturing must be verified.

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Creep testing measures the alteration of this material after it has undergone extreme stress.

Additional requirements Anchor packaging serves as an important indication of the anchor type, including its specs and instructions for installation — which are a must. The testing approval number and logo must be affixed on all anchor packaging.

Approvals and logos can be included in the spec sheets and marketing materials with some limitations.

Clearly, the testing of anchoring products offers considerable benefits. For the end-user, it’s an indication of a quality engineered product with testing results that support or exceed expectations. For distributors, it lets them sell and market an approved anchoring product with confidence.

Lastly, for a manufacturer, it’s a reward for their commitment to quality including the costs and time that was involved in the product development. Without such approvals, a product is considered generic with zero testing values to support the performance of a non-tested anchor product. FE

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FASTENERFAIRUSA.COM

FOR

THE INDUSTRY

IN THE OF MANUFACTURING Join us in Detroit, MI! Fastener Fair USA is the only exhibition in the U.S. dedicated to the full supply chain–distributors, mechanical and design engineers, purchasers, wholesalers and OEMs. From automotive to aerospace, construction to HVAC, furniture to appliances, fastener professionals from every segment of the market find the latest products they need at Fastener Fair USA.

Learn more at: fastenerfairusa2022.com/FastenerEngineering May 17: Pre-Show Conference May 18 & 19: Exhibit Hall

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It’s back!

Fastener Fair USA is heading to Detroit

Michelle Froese • Editor About six months after its last U.S. event, Fastener Fair USA is ready to return

— this time, to Detroit Michigan, at Huntington Place from May 17th to 19th. In November, Fastener Fair successfully celebrated its first show in two years and is set to welcome the fastener industry once again, and for good reason.

“Our show has always been held in the spring, somewhere in the Midwest or Eastern part of the country,” shares Bob Chiricosta, event director with RX Global, an international B2B trade exhibition organizer. “After repeated postpostponements because of the pandemic, our goal is to return to normalcy, our original schedule, and to reunite the fastener community again.”

Given the restrictions and event limitations over the last couple of years, the fastener industry is likely more than ready for more in-person opportunities to reconnect and share what’s new.

Fastener Fair USA has been one of North America’s fastest-growing trade shows and conference events for the fastener industry. It is currently the only local exhibition dedicated to the full supply chain, which includes mechanical and design engineers, purchasers, wholesalers, distributors, and OEMs.

Fastener Fair USA is back in full swing with its next event on May 17th to 19th at Huntington Place (formerly, the Cobo Center/TCF Center) in Detroit, Michigan. See you soon!

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Show visitors can expect a comprehensive display of product innovations and demonstrations, technical sessions, and opportunities to connect with peers and industry experts. They can also start planning for next year’s event, which is set for Music City, Nashville in May 2023!

“We also know from experience that when we go to Detroit, we attract a somewhat different group of attendees,” says Chiricosta. “For example, we see far more design and automotive engineers at the event than elsewhere. And it’s typically not only people buying fasteners for today. It’s also the engineers who are contemplating and designing the fasteners for vehicles that we’ll see on the market in five years from now.”

This makes sense considering Michigan is one of the largest manufacturing hubs and home to 96 of

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the top 100 automotive suppliers to North America.

“This is one advantage to switching cities for each event. You’ll see different people and we think this is important to ensure each part of the fastener supply chain has the chance to visit,” he says.

This year’s conferences will take place on Tuesday, May 17th, with the exhibition hall open on Wednesday, May 18th and Thursday, May 19th.

Chiricosta says to expect a curated show floor with leading technical and strategic education sessions, a variety

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Fastener Fair USA covers all areas of the fastener industry, providing insight into key industry trends and information about the latest developments.

of exhibitors (covering automotive, aerospace, construction, furniture, appliances, HVAC, and others), as well as plenty of networking opportunities.

One such opportunity is through the unique Speed Networking Program, which proved a success at the Fastener Fair Mexico event in 2019. How it works: exhibitors and attendees are personally

matched before the show and provided with a meeting time to connect in person at the Speed Networking lounge during the Detroit event.

“This is an exciting opportunity,” he says. “Participants will receive pre-set meetings using our advanced appointment-setting technology and have the chance to connect with 10

Fastening 101: Pre-conference training Don’t miss the Fastener Training Institute’s Fastening 101: Understanding threaded fasteners and the industry that produces them, a one-day class that’s a must for anyone in the fastener industry.

“Training is not just for the inexperienced, it strengthens self-esteem, allows individuals to plan ahead in their career paths, and reinforces corporate loyalty,” says Jo Morris, director of marketing with the Fastener Training Institute.

Fastening 101 covers fastener engineering basics, including product and design fundamentals. Attendees will learn about different market segments where threaded fasteners are used and the cost differences between them. The class also delves into fastener engineering, including information on torque, stress, tightening strategies, bolt strength, tension control, and several other elements.

“Take advantage of every opportunity to learn,” adds Morris. “As Albert Einstein said: ‘Intellectual growth should commence at birth and cease only at death.’”

Interested in attending? Register at fastenerfairusa.com.

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to 15 exhibitors during the session.”

(Interested in participating? Reach out to MJ McGrath, RX Global marketing director at mj.mcgrath@rxglobal.com.)

Attendees will also not want to miss the Opening Night Networking Party on May 18th, starting at 5:15 p.m.

“It’s at GM Center, General Motor’s world headquarters,” says Chiricosta.

“It should be a fun night of fully catered food and drink, surrounded by some of GM’s latest vehicles. It’s the perfect time to network with the industry…and just enjoy the evening.

We’re really looking forward to it.”

Overall, Fastener Fair visitors and participants can expect to find the latest insights and products with several chances to connect with others in the industry. Thanks to the gradual easing of pandemic-related

restrictions, Chiricosta expects it to be one of the best Fairs to date.

“From our perspective, the industry is busier now than ever. After months of delays ad supply-chain issues, it’s starting to move in full force again with ongoing demands and new innovations,” he says.

“We’re excited to see everyone in Detroit.”

And mark your calendar for next year: Fastener Fair 2023 is hitting Nashville, currently set for May 16th and 17th, 2023.

“We continually send out surveys and poll people in the industry to learn their presences and expectations,” he says.

“Nashville has repeatedly come up as one of the top two locations where participants would like to see the show…so, we’re listening!”

To keep up with the latest news and to register for Fastener Fair USA, visit fastenerfairusa.com. FE

WHAT DO YOU THINK? Connect and discuss this and other engineering design issues with thousands of professionals online

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Selecting the Optimal Washer Flat: Generally used for load disbursement Tab/Lock: Designed to effectively lock an assembly into place Finishing: Often found on consumer products Wave: For obtaining loads when the load is static or the working range is small Belleville: Delivers the highest load capacity of all the spring washers Fender: Distributes a load evenly across a large surface area Shim Stacks: Ideal for simple AND complex applications

Boker’s Inc. 3104 Snelling Avenue Minneapolis, MN 55406-1937 Phone: 612-729-9365 TOLL-FREE: 800-927-4377 (in the US & Canada)

bokers.com

Structural Adhesives for Specialty Trucks & Trailers Many truck and trailer manufacturers are making the switch to adhesives instead of traditional welding and fastening. Lowering fuel cost, wind drag, and weight has become an important component in manufacturing specialty vehicles. Results have shown that structural adhesive bonds are often stronger and more reliable. Parker LORD® offers a variety of acrylic, epoxy, and urethane structural adhesives. With help from an industry expert, Ellsworth Adhesives can assist you with product selection and implementing a new production process.

Make a Switch to Adhesives

Ellsworth Adhesives Ellsworth.com (877) 454-9224

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NBK Suggests and Supplies Solutions with Specialty Screws NBK’s history and craftsmanship date back to 1560 when the company first began. Our predecessors were proud to offer their advanced knowledge, state-of-the-art technology and using this today, we have developed various products.

One of NBK’s strengths in the high-tech sector is our Specialty Screws such as vacuum application screws, anti-galling screws, specialty metal screws such as Inconel and Hastelloy, and more.

Furthermore, NBK deals with unique functional screws like low-profile screws, small head diameter screws, captive screws, miniature screws (less than M2), ball transfer screws, ball plungers, clamping screws, and more. We are proud to support our customer’s projects with NBK’s Specialty Screws and their unlimited matching applications. We also offer customized screws!

NBK America LLC 307 East Church Road, Suite 7 King of Prussia, PA 19406 Phone: 484-685-7500 https://www.nbk1560.com/en-US/

A family-owned business since 1955, ND Industries specializes in the development of innovative materials and processes which increase the safety and reliability of fastener assemblies.

Headquartered outside Detroit, Michigan, ND serves a global market with divisions across the continental US, facilities in Taiwan, and licensees around the world. ND’s core business revolves around the application of a wide variety of custom formulated materials onto fasteners and assemblies to aid in functions such as locking, sealing, masking, lubricating, and noise and vibration damping. ND also manufactures a line of bottled adhesive and sealant products under the Vibra-Tite brand name for MRO and retail use.

ND Industries, Inc. www.ndindustries.com info@ndindustries.com

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Pivot Point, Inc. The SLIC Pin™ from Pivot Point is a pin and cotter all-in-one. An excellent alternative to installing e-clips and secondary cotters, the patented SLIC Pin features a spring-loaded plunger which acts as an automatic cotter pin. SLIC installs faster and more consistently than two-piece combinations – increasing productivity, cutting labor costs, and reducing risk of mis-installation and accidental disengagement.

Simply depress the plunger with your finger or a tool in order to remove the pin. Use our “removable” style plunger if removing through small gaps. SLIC Pins can be made in virtually any material and finish. Millions of SLIC Pins are installed every year across all industries. Contact Pivot Point for free samples and information.

Pivot Point, Inc. www.pivotpins.com PO Box 488 Hustisford, WI 53034 761 Industrial Lane Hustisford, WI 53034 800-222-2231

Fastener Engineering This area has long been one of the most read and sought after by our engineering audience! From screws to bolts and adhesives to springs, these critical but often overlooked components are the key to every successful design.

FastenerEngineering.com will serve readers in the mechanical design engineering space, providing news, product developments, application stories, technical how-to articles, and analysis of engineering trends. This site will focus on key issues facing the engineering markets around fastener technology, along with technical background on selected components.

Engineering September 2019

A supplement of Design World

covering nuts, bolts, rivets, screws, u-clips, eye bolts, washers and more.

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES: • Special print section in select issues of Design World • Fastener Engineering monthly newsletter

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